Ecological high-value utilization method for bamboo shoot processing residues
By combining the bamboo shoot processing residue with wheat bran to feed insects such as mealworms, black soldier flies, and white star beetles, the bamboo shoot processing residue was successfully converted into high-protein feed and organic fertilizer, solving the problems caused by untimely processing of bamboo shoot processing residue. The problem of resource waste and environmental pollution has led to the high-value utilization of bamboo shoot processing residues.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411494123.5
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-10-24
- Publication Date
- 2025-01-24
AI Technical Summary
The remaining residues of bamboo shoots are generated in large quantities during the food processing process. If not processed in time, they will cause waste of resources and environmental pollution. Existing treatment methods, such as feed delivery to the farm for free, low utilization rate, and untimely treatment will pollute the environment.
Using bamboo shoots to process the surplus ecological high -value utilization method of bamboo shoots. After crushing the remaining substances of bamboo shoots, combined with wheat bran to feed yellow powder insect larvae, further add fermented bamboo shoots to the residue of yellow powder insects. Blackwater 残 Translate the residue to add fermented bamboo shoots to process the remaining objects to feed the white -star golden turtle larvae, and finally get the white -star flower golden turtle body and worm manure organic fertilizer.
The high-value conversion of bamboo shoot processing residues has been achieved. Environmental insects such as mealworms, black soldier flies, and white star beetles are used to convert bamboo shoot processing residues into high-protein feed and organic fertilizers, which improves resource utilization and reduces environmental pollution.
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Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present application relates to the field of bamboo shoot processing residues, and in particular to a method for ecologically high-value utilization of bamboo shoot processing residues. Background Art
[0002] Bamboo shoots are a traditional food in my country, and are popular among people for their crisp taste and rich nutritional value. However, during the processing of bamboo shoots, more than 50% of bamboo shoot heads, bamboo shoot shells and other processing residues will be produced. Bamboo shoot processing residues contain more protein, bamboo fiber and active ingredients, and have high utilization value. If they are discarded as waste, it will not only cause a huge waste of resources, but also cause rot and mildew if the accumulation of bamboo shoot solid waste is not handled in time, and it will also cause serious environmental pollution.
[0003] Existing bamboo shoot processing companies usually send the bamboo shoot waste to breeding farms for free as feed or directly apply it to bamboo forests as fertilizer. However, the utilization rate of bamboo shoot waste sent to breeding farms for free as feed is low, and if not handled in time, it will pollute the environment, cause a large waste of manpower and financial resources, and increase corporate expenditures. Summary of the invention
[0004] In order to improve the high-value conversion utilization rate of bamboo shoot processing residues, the present application provides an ecological high-value utilization method of bamboo shoot processing residues.
[0005] The present application provides a method for ecological high-value utilization of bamboo shoot processing residues, which adopts the following technical scheme: A method for ecological high-value utilization of bamboo shoot processing residues, comprising the following specific steps: S1 Mealworm transformation system: crush the bamboo shoots processing residue, add wheat bran, stir evenly to form feed A, adjust the water content of feed A to 40-50%, feed mealworm larvae on the same day, control the temperature of the insect breeding room to 25-28°C, and the relative humidity to 60-70%, feed until the mealworm is in the early stage of prepupa, and obtain the mealworm larvae and mealworm transformation residue; S2 Black Soldier Fly Transformation System: Add fermented bamboo shoot processing residues to the mealworm transformation residues, mix well to form feed B, adjust the water content of feed B to 65-75%, feed black soldier fly larvae, control the temperature in the insect breeding room to 25-30°C and the relative humidity to 65-75%, and when 8-12% of the larvae in the insect breeding box become black prepupae, obtain the black soldier fly larvae and black soldier fly transformation residues; S3 White-spotted Flower Beetle Transformation System: Add fermented bamboo shoot processing residues to the black soldier fly transformation residues, mix evenly to form feed C, adjust the moisture content of feed C to 60-70%, feed it to white-spotted flower beetle larvae on the same day, control the temperature in the insect breeding room to 25-30℃, and the relative humidity to 60-70℃. When feed C is completely digested and decomposed by the white-spotted flower beetle larvae, the white-spotted flower beetle bodies and white-spotted flower beetle insect feces organic fertilizer are obtained.
[0006] By adopting the above technical scheme, the three environmental insects, namely, yellow mealworms, black soldier flies and white-spotted flower beetles, have the advantages of large food intake, strong reproductive capacity, no secondary pollution, and resistance to intensive three-dimensional breeding. At the same time, the larvae of these three environmental insects have high content of protein, unsaturated fatty acids, iron, zinc, etc., and have extremely high feeding value and medicinal value such as anti-cancer, antibacterial and anti-inflammatory; the produced insect feces sand is rich in humus and can be used as organic fertilizer.
[0007] The bamboo shoot processing residues are combined with wheat bran to feed mealworm larvae, achieving the initial transformation of the bamboo shoot processing residues. The mealworm larvae can convert bamboo shoot waste into insect body protein, and the protein-rich mealworm larvae can be used as high-protein feed. The fermented bamboo shoot processing residues are added to the conversion residues produced by the mealworm transformation again, and the black soldier fly larvae are fed with nutrients to further degrade the residues, decompose and transform the organic matter and utilize it. The nutrient elements are fed to the black soldier fly and transformed into insect body protein, producing black soldier fly transformation residues and black soldier fly larvae, and further transforming the bamboo shoot processing residues. The white-spotted flower beetle larvae can degrade and absorb organic materials and transform them into high-value white-spotted flower beetle bodies and insect feces organic fertilizer. The transformed insect feces organic fertilizer can improve the soil and be used in fields such as crop planting to promote crop growth and improve the transformation effect of bamboo shoot processing residues. The protein-rich bodies of white-spotted flower beetles, black soldier fly larvae, and yellow mealworm larvae can have high medicinal and feeding value, realizing the recycling and high-value transformation of bamboo shoot processing residues.
[0008] Preferably, the fermentation method of bamboo shoot processing residues comprises the following specific steps: After the bamboo shoot processing residue is crushed, 1-3‰ fermentation bacteria liquid is added to form a fermentation mixture, and the water content of the fermentation mixture is adjusted to 60-70%. After the pile is fully mixed, it is covered with plastic film for fermentation, and the pile is turned regularly and covered with plastic film. After fermentation for 25-35 days, the fermented bamboo shoot processing residue is obtained.
[0009] By adopting the above technical scheme, the bamboo shoot processing residues are crushed in advance, the contact between microorganisms and bamboo shoot processing residues is promoted, the fermentation efficiency is improved, and the fermentation conversion process of bamboo shoot processing residues is accelerated. The microorganisms contained in the fermentation bacterial liquid can decompose the complex organic matter in the bamboo shoot processing residues, accelerate the fermentation process of bamboo shoot processing residues, and promote the conversion and absorption of insects in the later environment. Controlling the moisture content of the bamboo shoot processing residues during the fermentation process to 60-70% can provide a suitable moisture environment for microorganisms, ensure the activity of microorganisms, and reduce the poor air permeability caused by excessive moisture, which affects the fermentation conversion of bamboo shoot processing residues. Covering with plastic film can maintain the temperature and humidity of the fermentation pile, prevent excessive evaporation of water, help maintain the microbial environment inside the fermentation pile, and promote the fermentation process. Regularly turning the pile can increase the air permeability of the fermentation pile, supplement oxygen, avoid local anaerobic fermentation, and promote the uniform distribution of microorganisms and the uniform progress of fermentation. After turning the pile, cover the plastic film again to continue to maintain the microbial environment of the fermentation pile.
[0010] Preferably, in the mealworm transformation system, the bamboo shoot processing residue is one of fermented bamboo shoot processing residue and unfermented bamboo shoot processing residue.
[0011] Preferably, the fermentation broth is at least one of EM fermentation broth, VT fermentation broth and RW fermentation promoter.
[0012] By adopting the above technical scheme, the EM fermented bacterial liquid belongs to a variety of highly active beneficial microbial flora, which can quickly reproduce, ferment, deodorize, kill insects, sterilize and dry, and can quickly decompose organic matter in the bamboo shoot processing residues, can generate bioheat, inhibit or kill harmful organisms such as pathogens and insect eggs, release effective nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and trace elements, promote the transformation and absorption of environmental insects, and realize the high-value transformation of bamboo shoot processing residues. VT fermented bacterial liquid can decompose macromolecular substances such as cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin in the bamboo shoot processing residues, and transform them into small molecular polymers and monosaccharides, etc., which can then be directly absorbed and utilized by environmental insects, crops and soil, and improve the high-value transformation effect of bamboo shoot processing residues. RW rot promoter can promote the rapid decomposition of bamboo shoot processing residues, shorten the fermentation time, maintain high-temperature fermentation, effectively kill harmful pathogens, pests and parasites in the fermentation pile, and improve the nutritional safety of the converted organic fertilizer.
[0013] Preferably, the EM fermentation liquid is prepared by mixing EM stock solution with brown sugar, sodium chloride and ferrous chloride and then diluting with water; the VT fermentation liquid is prepared by mixing VT bacterial agent with brown sugar and then diluting with water.
[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, adding brown sugar to the raw materials of EM fermentation broth and VT fermentation broth can provide energy for microorganisms and promote their growth and reproduction. Sodium chloride and ferrous chloride can provide inorganic salts and trace elements for microorganisms, improve microbial activity and metabolism, and thus improve fermentation efficiency.
[0015] Preferably, the mass ratio of the EM stock solution to brown sugar, sodium chloride and ferrous chloride is 1:(0.8-1):(0.5-0.8):(0.5-0.8), and the mass ratio of the VT bacterial agent to brown sugar is 1:(0.5-0.8).
[0016] Preferably, 1-3‰ nutrient solution is also added to the fermentation method of the bamboo shoot processing residue, and the nutrient solution is at least one of ammonium bicarbonate, potassium sulfate and superphosphate.
[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, ammonium bicarbonate, potassium sulfate and superphosphate can provide nitrogen, potassium and phosphorus elements, promote the growth and reproduction of microorganisms, improve the metabolic efficiency of microorganisms and accelerate the fermentation process. At the same time, ammonium bicarbonate will release carbon dioxide and ammonia during the decomposition process, which can be used by microorganisms to synthesize proteins, help to increase the temperature of the fermentation pile, and then promote the fermentation process.
[0018] Preferably, the amount of wheat bran used in the mealworm transformation system is 40-60% of feed A, the amount of fermented bamboo shoots processing residues used in the black soldier fly transformation system is 70-80% of feed B, and the amount of fermented bamboo shoots processing residues used in the white-spotted flower beetle transformation system is 50-60% of feed C.
[0019] Preferably, the age of the mealworm larvae in the yellow mealworm transformation system is 45-55 days, the age of the black soldier fly larvae in the black soldier fly transformation system is 3-5 days, and the age of the white star flower beetle larvae in the white star flower beetle transformation system is 2-4 days.
[0020] In summary, this application has the following beneficial effects: 1. Since the present application combines bamboo shoot processing residues with wheat bran to feed mealworm larvae, the initial transformation of bamboo shoot processing residues is achieved, and the fermented bamboo shoot processing residues are combined with the mealworm transformation residues to feed black soldier flies for further decomposition, and then the fermented bamboo shoot processing residues and the black soldier fly transformation residues are fed to white star flower beetle larvae to transform them into white star flower beetle insect bodies and insect feces organic fertilizer, and the transformed insect feces organic fertilizer can improve soil and promote crop growth. At the same time, the mealworm transformation system, the black soldier fly transformation system, and the white star flower beetle transformation system are used to continuously transform the bamboo shoot processing residues, and finally achieve high-value transformation of the bamboo shoot processing residues.
[0021] 2. In this application, the bamboo shoot processing residues are crushed in advance, and then fermentation liquid is added to promote the contact between microorganisms and the bamboo shoot processing residues, thereby improving the fermentation efficiency. Using EM fermentation liquid, VT fermentation liquid and RW rot-promoting agent as fermentation liquid can quickly decompose organic matter in the bamboo shoot processing residues, generate heat energy, inhibit or kill harmful organisms such as pathogens and eggs, promote the decomposition and transformation of organic matter, and improve the transformation efficiency of bamboo shoot processing residues. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0022] The present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments.
[0023] All raw materials in the examples are commercially available.
[0024] The EM bacteria stock solution comes from Cangzhou Kangzhuang Biological Fermentation Products Co., Ltd.
[0025] The bamboo shoot processing residues come from Taojiang County Zhuyuan Forestry Development Co., Ltd.
[0026] The YT-1000 bacterial agent comes from Beijing Wotu Tiandi Biotechnology Co., Ltd.
[0027] RW decay promoter comes from Hebi Renyuan Biotechnology Development Co., Ltd. Example
[0028] Example 1 This embodiment provides a method for ecological high-value utilization of bamboo shoot processing residues, comprising the following specific steps: S1 Fermentation of bamboo shoot processing residues: After the bamboo shoot processing residues are crushed, the crushed particle size is ≤3mm, and fermentation bacteria liquid is added to form a fermentation mixture, which is a mixture of EM fermentation bacteria liquid and VT fermentation bacteria liquid. The EM fermentation bacteria liquid is prepared by diluting EM bacteria stock liquid with water 10 times, and the VT fermentation bacteria liquid is prepared by diluting YT-1000 bacterial agent with water 10 times. The weight of EM bacteria stock liquid in the fermentation mixture is 1‰, and the weight of YT-1000 bacterial agent in the fermentation mixture is 1‰; spray water into the fermentation mixture to adjust the moisture content of the fermentation mixture to 65%, after fully mixing the pile, cover it with plastic film and compact it on all sides, and ferment it. Turn the pile over every 5 days and cover it with plastic film. After fermentation for 30 days, fermented bamboo shoot processing residues are obtained.
[0029] S2 Mealworm transformation system: The fermented bamboo shoot processing residue is mixed with wheat bran to form feed A, the weight of wheat bran is 50% of feed A, water is sprayed on feed A to adjust the moisture content in feed A to 45%, and then 50-day-old mealworm larvae are fed on the same day. 1.8 g of mealworm larvae are put into each 80cm*40cm*80cm standard box, the temperature of the insect breeding room is controlled at 26°C and the relative humidity is 65%, feed feed A once every two days, and the feeding amount is based on the consumption within 24 hours. Feed until the mealworm prepupae are in the early stage, and then stop feeding to obtain the mealworm larvae and mealworm transformation residues.
[0030] S3 Black Soldier Fly Transformation System: Add fermented bamboo shoot processing residues to the mealworm transformation residues, mix well, and form feed B, the weight of the fermented bamboo shoot processing residues is 75% of feed B, spray water on feed B to adjust the moisture content of feed B to 70%, feed 4-day-old black soldier fly larvae, put 13g of black soldier fly larvae in each 80cm*40cm*80cm standard box, feed feed A once every two days, and the feeding amount is based on the consumption within 24 hours. Control the temperature in the insect breeding room at 28°C and the relative humidity at 70%. When 10% of the larvae in the insect breeding box become black prepupae, stop feeding to obtain black soldier fly larvae and black soldier fly transformation residues; S4 White-spotted Flower Beetle Transformation System: Add fermented bamboo shoot processing residues to the black soldier fly transformation residues, mix well, and form feed C. The weight of fermented bamboo shoot processing residues is 55% of feed C. The moisture content of feed C is adjusted to 65%. Three-day-old white-spotted flower beetle larvae are fed on the same day. 15g of white-spotted flower beetle larvae are put into each 80cm*40cm*80cm standard box. The temperature in the insect breeding room is controlled at 28℃ and the relative humidity is 65℃. When feed C is completely digested and decomposed by the white-spotted flower beetle larvae, the white-spotted flower beetle bodies and white-spotted flower beetle insect feces organic fertilizer are obtained.
[0031] Example 2 The difference between Example 2 and Example 1 is that the fermentation bacteria liquid in the S1 bamboo shoot processing residue fermentation step in the method for ecological high-value utilization of bamboo shoot processing residues is a mixture of EM fermentation bacteria liquid and RW decay promoter.
[0032] S1 Fermentation of bamboo shoot processing residues: crush the bamboo shoot processing residues to a particle size of ≤3mm, add fermentation bacteria liquid to form a fermentation mixture, the fermentation bacteria liquid is a mixture of EM fermentation bacteria liquid and RW decay promoter, the EM fermentation bacteria liquid is prepared by diluting EM bacteria stock liquid with water 10 times, the weight of EM bacteria stock liquid in the fermentation mixture is 1‰, and the weight of RW decay promoter in the fermentation mixture is 1‰; spray water into the fermentation mixture to adjust the moisture content of the fermentation mixture to 65%, after fully mixing the pile, cover with plastic film and compact all around, and ferment, turn the pile over every 5 days and cover with plastic film, and obtain fermented bamboo shoot processing residues after fermentation for 30 days.
[0033] Example 3 This embodiment provides a method for ecological high-value utilization of bamboo shoot processing residues, comprising the following specific steps: S1 Fermentation of bamboo shoot processing residues: After the bamboo shoot processing residues are crushed, the crushed particle size is ≤3mm, and fermentation bacteria liquid is added to form a fermentation mixture, which is a mixture of EM fermentation bacteria liquid and VT fermentation bacteria liquid. The EM fermentation bacteria liquid is prepared by diluting EM bacteria stock liquid with water 10 times, and the VT fermentation bacteria liquid is prepared by diluting YT-1000 bacterial agent with water 10 times. The weight of EM bacteria stock liquid in the fermentation mixture is 1‰, and the weight of YT-1000 bacterial agent in the fermentation mixture is 1‰; spray water into the fermentation mixture to adjust the moisture content of the fermentation mixture to 65%, after fully mixing the pile, cover it with plastic film and compact it on all sides, and ferment it. Turn the pile over every 5 days and cover it with plastic film. After fermentation for 30 days, fermented bamboo shoot processing residues are obtained.
[0034] S2 Mealworm transformation system: The fermented bamboo shoot processing residue is mixed with wheat bran to form feed A, the weight of wheat bran is 50% of feed A, water is sprayed on feed A to adjust the water content in feed A to 40%, and then 50-day-old mealworm larvae are fed on the same day. 1.8 g of mealworm larvae are put into each 80cm*40cm*80cm standard box, the temperature of the insect breeding room is controlled at 26°C and the relative humidity is 65%, feed feed A once every two days, and the feeding amount is based on the consumption within 24 hours. Feed until the mealworm prepupae are in the early stage, and then stop feeding to obtain the mealworm larvae and mealworm transformation residues.
[0035] S3 Black Soldier Fly Transformation System: Add fermented bamboo shoot processing residues to the mealworm transformation residues, mix well, and form feed B, the weight of the fermented bamboo shoot processing residues is 75% of feed B, spray water on feed B to adjust the moisture content of feed B to 75%, feed 4-day-old black soldier fly larvae, put 13g of black soldier fly larvae in each 80cm*40cm*80cm standard box, feed feed A once every two days, and the feeding amount is based on the consumption within 24 hours. Control the temperature in the insect breeding room at 28°C and the relative humidity at 70%. When 10% of the larvae in the insect breeding box become black prepupae, stop feeding to obtain black soldier fly larvae and black soldier fly transformation residues; S4 White-spotted Flower Beetle Transformation System: Add fermented bamboo shoot processing residues to the black soldier fly transformation residues, mix well, and form feed C. The weight of fermented bamboo shoot processing residues is 50% of feed C. The moisture content of feed C is adjusted to 70%. Three-day-old white-spotted flower beetle larvae are fed on the same day. 15g of white-spotted flower beetle larvae are put into each 80cm*40cm*80cm standard box. The temperature in the insect breeding room is controlled at 28℃ and the relative humidity is 65℃. When feed C is completely digested and decomposed by the white-spotted flower beetle larvae, the white-spotted flower beetle bodies and white-spotted flower beetle insect feces organic fertilizer are obtained.
[0036] Example 4 The difference between Example 4 and Example 1 is that the bamboo shoot processing residues in the mealworm transformation system of the method for ecological high-value utilization of bamboo shoot processing residues are unfermented bamboo shoot processing residues.
[0037] A method for ecological high-value utilization of bamboo shoot processing residues, comprising the following specific steps: S1 Fermentation of bamboo shoot processing residues: After the bamboo shoot processing residues are crushed, the crushed particle size is ≤3mm, and fermentation bacteria liquid is added to form a fermentation mixture, which is a mixture of EM fermentation bacteria liquid and VT fermentation bacteria liquid. The EM fermentation bacteria liquid is prepared by diluting EM bacteria stock liquid with water 10 times, and the VT fermentation bacteria liquid is prepared by diluting YT-1000 bacterial agent with water 10 times. The weight of EM bacteria stock liquid in the fermentation mixture is 1‰, and the weight of YT-1000 bacterial agent in the fermentation mixture is 1‰; spray water into the fermentation mixture to adjust the moisture content of the fermentation mixture to 65%, after fully mixing the pile, cover it with plastic film and compact it on all sides, and ferment it. Turn the pile over every 5 days and cover it with plastic film. After fermentation for 30 days, fermented bamboo shoot processing residues are obtained.
[0038] S2 Mealworm transformation system: The unfermented bamboo shoot processing residue is mixed with wheat bran to form feed A, the weight of wheat bran is 50% of feed A, water is sprayed on feed A to adjust the moisture content in feed A to 45%, and then 50-day-old mealworm larvae are fed on the same day. 1.8 g of mealworm larvae are put into each 80cm*40cm*80cm standard box, the temperature of the insect breeding room is controlled at 26°C and the relative humidity is 65%, feed feed A once every two days, and the feeding amount is based on the consumption within 24 hours. Feed until the mealworm prepupae are in the early stage, and then stop feeding to obtain the mealworm larvae and mealworm transformation residues.
[0039] S3 Black Soldier Fly Transformation System: Add fermented bamboo shoot processing residues to the mealworm transformation residues, mix well to form feed B, the weight of fermented bamboo shoot processing residues is 75% of feed B, spray water on feed B to adjust the moisture content of feed B to 70%, feed black soldier fly larvae with an age of 4 days, put 13g of black soldier fly larvae in each standard box of 80cm*40cm*80cm, feed feed A once every two days, and the feeding amount is based on the consumption within 24 hours. Control the temperature in the insect breeding room at 28°C and the relative humidity at 70%. When 10% of the larvae in the insect breeding box become black prepupae, stop feeding to obtain black soldier fly larvae and black soldier fly transformation residues.
[0040] S4 White-spotted Flower Beetle Transformation System: Add fermented bamboo shoot processing residues to the black soldier fly transformation residues, mix well, and form feed C. The weight of fermented bamboo shoot processing residues is 55% of feed C. The moisture content of feed C is adjusted to 65%. Three-day-old white-spotted flower beetle larvae are fed on the same day. 15g of white-spotted flower beetle larvae are put into each 80cm*40cm*80cm standard box. The temperature in the insect breeding room is controlled at 28℃ and the relative humidity is 65℃. When feed C is completely digested and decomposed by the white-spotted flower beetle larvae, the white-spotted flower beetle bodies and white-spotted flower beetle insect feces organic fertilizer are obtained.
[0041] Example 5 The difference between Example 5 and Example 1 is that in step S1 of the method for ecological high-value utilization of bamboo shoot processing residues, the EM fermentation solution is a mixture of EM stock solution and brown sugar, sodium chloride, and ferrous chloride, which is then diluted 10 times with water. The mass ratio of EM stock solution to brown sugar, sodium chloride, and ferrous chloride is 1:0.9:0.7:0.7.
[0042] S1 Fermentation of bamboo shoot processing residues in the method of ecological high-value utilization of bamboo shoot processing residues: The bamboo shoot processing residues are crushed to a particle size of ≤3 mm, and fermentation liquid is added to form a fermentation mixture. The fermentation liquid is a mixture of EM fermentation liquid and VT fermentation liquid. The EM fermentation liquid is prepared by mixing EM stock liquid with brown sugar, sodium chloride and ferrous chloride, and then diluting it 10 times with water. The weight of the EM stock liquid in the fermentation mixture is 1‰. The VT fermentation liquid is a YT-1000 bacterial agent, and the weight of the VT fermentation liquid in the fermentation mixture is 1‰. Water is sprayed into the fermentation mixture to adjust the moisture content of the fermentation mixture to 65%. After the pile is fully mixed, it is covered with a plastic film and compacted on all sides for fermentation. The pile is turned over every 5 days and covered with a plastic film. After fermentation for 30 days, the fermented bamboo shoot processing residues are obtained.
[0043] Example 6 The difference between Example 6 and Example 5 is that in step S1 of the method for ecological high-value utilization of bamboo shoot processing residues, the VT fermentation bacterial liquid is a mixture of VT bacterial agent and brown sugar, which is then diluted 10 times with water, wherein the mass ratio of VT bacterial agent to brown sugar is 1:0.7.
[0044] S1 Fermentation of bamboo shoot processing residues in the method of ecological high-value utilization of bamboo shoot processing residues: The bamboo shoot processing residue is crushed to a particle size of ≤3 mm, and fermentation liquid is added to form a fermentation mixture, wherein the fermentation liquid is a mixture of EM fermentation liquid and VT fermentation liquid, wherein the EM fermentation liquid is prepared by mixing EM stock liquid with brown sugar, sodium chloride and ferrous chloride, and then diluting the mixture 10 times with water, and the weight of the EM stock liquid in the fermentation mixture is 1‰; the VT fermentation liquid is prepared by mixing YT-1000 bacterial agent and brown sugar, and then diluting the mixture 10 times with water, and the weight of the YT-1000 bacterial agent in the fermentation mixture is 1‰; water is sprayed into the fermentation mixture to adjust the moisture content of the fermentation mixture to 65%, after fully mixing the pile, covering it with a plastic film and compacting the surroundings, and fermenting it, turning the pile every 5 days and covering it with a plastic film, and obtaining the fermented bamboo shoot processing residue after fermentation for 30 days.
[0045] Example 7 The difference between Example 7 and Example 6 is that in step S1 of the method for ecological high-value utilization of bamboo shoot processing residues, 2‰ nutrient solution is further added, wherein the nutrient solution is ammonium bicarbonate.
[0046] The method for ecological high-value utilization of bamboo shoot processing residues includes the following specific steps: S1 Fermentation of bamboo shoot processing residues: After the bamboo shoot processing residues are crushed, the crushed particle size is ≤3mm, and fermentation liquid is added to form a fermentation mixture, which is a mixture of EM fermentation liquid and VT fermentation liquid. The EM fermentation liquid is prepared by mixing EM stock liquid with brown sugar, sodium chloride, and ferrous chloride, and then diluting it 10 times with water, and the weight of the EM stock liquid in the fermentation mixture is 1‰; the VT fermentation liquid is prepared by mixing YT-1000 bacterial agent and brown sugar, and then diluting it 10 times with water, and the weight of the YT-1000 bacterial agent in the fermentation mixture is 1‰; water is sprayed into the fermentation mixture to adjust the moisture content of the fermentation mixture to 65%, and nutrient solution is added, and the weight of the nutrient solution in the fermentation mixture is 2‰. After the pile is fully mixed, it is covered with plastic film and compacted on all sides for fermentation. The pile is turned over every 5 days and covered with plastic film. After fermentation for 30 days, fermented bamboo shoot processing residues are obtained.
[0047] S2 Mealworm transformation system: The fermented bamboo shoot processing residue is mixed with wheat bran to form feed A, the weight of wheat bran is 50% of feed A, water is sprayed on feed A to adjust the moisture content in feed A to 45%, and then 50-day-old mealworm larvae are fed on the same day. 1.8 g of mealworm larvae are put into each 80cm*40cm*80cm standard box, the temperature of the insect breeding room is controlled at 26°C and the relative humidity is 65%, feed feed A once every two days, and the feeding amount is based on the consumption within 24 hours. Feed until the mealworm prepupae are in the early stage, and then stop feeding to obtain the mealworm larvae and mealworm transformation residues.
[0048] S3 Black Soldier Fly Transformation System: Add fermented bamboo shoot processing residues to the mealworm transformation residues, mix well, and form feed B, the weight of the fermented bamboo shoot processing residues is 75% of feed B, spray water on feed B to adjust the moisture content of feed B to 70%, feed 4-day-old black soldier fly larvae, put 13g of black soldier fly larvae in each 80cm*40cm*80cm standard box, feed feed A once every two days, and the feeding amount is based on the consumption within 24 hours. Control the temperature in the insect breeding room at 28°C and the relative humidity at 70%. When 10% of the larvae in the insect breeding box become black prepupae, stop feeding to obtain black soldier fly larvae and black soldier fly transformation residues; S4 White-spotted Flower Beetle Transformation System: Add fermented bamboo shoot processing residues to the black soldier fly transformation residues, mix well, and form feed C. The weight of fermented bamboo shoot processing residues is 55% of feed C. The moisture content of feed C is adjusted to 65%. Three-day-old white-spotted flower beetle larvae are fed on the same day. 15g of white-spotted flower beetle larvae are put into each 80cm*40cm*80cm standard box. The temperature in the insect breeding room is controlled at 28℃ and the relative humidity is 65℃. When feed C is completely digested and decomposed by the white-spotted flower beetle larvae, the white-spotted flower beetle bodies and white-spotted flower beetle insect feces organic fertilizer are obtained.
[0049] Example 8 The difference between Example 8 and Example 7 is that in the method for ecological high-value utilization of bamboo shoot processing residues S1 bamboo shoot processing residues fermentation step, the weight of the nutrient solution in the fermentation mixture is 1‰.
[0050] Example 9 The difference between Example 9 and Example 7 is that in the fermentation step of bamboo shoot processing residues in method S1 for ecological high-value utilization of bamboo shoot processing residues, the weight of the nutrient solution in the fermentation mixture is 3‰.
[0051] Comparative Example Comparative Example 1 The difference between Comparative Example 1 and Example 1 is that in the method S2 for ecological high-value utilization of bamboo shoot processing residues, the water content in feed A is adjusted to 70% in the yellow mealworm conversion system.
[0052] Performance testing According to the method for ecological high-value utilization of bamboo shoot processing residues provided in Examples 1-9 of the present application and Comparative Example 1, the transformation effect on environmental insects was tested, and the specific transformation data are shown in Table 1.
[0053] Detection Methods 1. Biomass test The larvae of yellow mealworm, black soldier fly larvae and white-spotted flower beetle obtained from every 100g of feeds A, B and C were weighed and the final fresh weight was recorded. The larvae were then dried and weighed to calculate the weight gain of the larvae. At the same time, the weight of the organic fertilizer of white-spotted flower beetle feces was weighed and recorded.
[0054] 2. Application of insect manure organic fertilizer In the tomato planting greenhouse, 30kg of white star flower beetle insect feces organic fertilizer was applied to the 6m*1.5m test area as the experimental group, and chicken manure was used in the control group. After 7 days, the well-growing tomato seedlings were transplanted and carried out routine management. The difference in tomato yield between the experimental group and the control group was measured to determine the yield-increasing effect of insect feces organic fertilizer.
[0055] Table 1: Performance test results data table It can be seen from the performance test results that the method for ecological high-value utilization of bamboo shoots processing residues adopted in this application can utilize the mealworm transformation system, the black soldier fly transformation system, and the white-spotted flower beetle transformation system. The three work synergistically to continuously transform the bamboo shoots processing residues to obtain three environmental insects rich in protein and high nutritional value, which have good medicinal value and feeding value. The harvested white-spotted flower beetle feces organic fertilizer can be applied to fields such as crop planting, improve crop growth, and improve the utilization rate and high-value conversion effect of bamboo shoots processing residues.
[0056] It can be seen from Examples 5-6 that adding an appropriate amount of brown sugar, sodium chloride, and ferrous chloride to the fermented bacterial liquid can help improve the fermentation efficiency, promote the decomposition and conversion of organic matter, and promote the growth of environmental insects. It can be seen from Examples 7-9 that adding an appropriate amount of nutrient solution during the fermentation of bamboo shoot processing residues can provide nutritional elements, and ammonium bicarbonate releases carbon dioxide and ammonia during the decomposition process, which can be used by microorganisms to synthesize protein, thereby promoting the fermentation conversion of bamboo shoot processing residues.
[0057] By comparing Comparative Example 1 with Example 1, it can be seen that Comparative Example 1 increases the water content in feed A. From the performance test results, it can be seen that the growth of insects in the three environments is affected, and the conversion of bamboo shoot processing residues is also affected. There is a large amount of unconverted fermentation in the white-spotted flower beetle conversion system. This may be because the tolerance of yellow mealworms to water is low. In an environment with a high water content, both feeding and excretion are affected, which in turn affects the conversion effect of bamboo shoot processing residues.
[0058] This specific embodiment is merely an explanation of the present application and is not a limitation of the present application. After reading this specification, those skilled in the art may make modifications to the present embodiment without any creative contribution as needed, but such modifications are protected by the patent law as long as they are within the scope of the claims of the present application.
Claims
1. A method for ecological high-value utilization of bamboo shoot processing residues, characterized in that: The specific steps include: S1 Mealworm transformation system: crush the bamboo shoots processing residues, add wheat bran, and stir evenly to form feed A. After adjusting the water content in feed A to 40-50%, feed the mealworm larvae on the same day. Control the temperature of the insect breeding room to 25-28°C and the relative humidity to 60-70%. Feed the mealworms until the early stage of prepupae to obtain the mealworm larvae and mealworm transformation residues. S2 Black Soldier Fly Transformation System: Add fermented bamboo shoot processing residues to the mealworm transformation residues, mix well to form feed B, adjust the water content of feed B to 65-75%, feed black soldier fly larvae, control the temperature in the insect breeding room to 25-30°C and the relative humidity to 65-75%, and when 8-12% of the larvae in the insect breeding box become black prepupae, obtain the black soldier fly larvae and black soldier fly transformation residues; S3 White-spotted Flower Beetle Transformation System: Add fermented bamboo shoots processing residues to the black soldier fly transformation residues, mix well to form feed C, adjust the moisture content of feed C to 60-70%, feed it to white-spotted flower beetle larvae on the same day, control the temperature in the insect breeding room to 25-30℃, and the relative humidity to 60-70℃. When feed C is completely digested and decomposed by the white-spotted flower beetle larvae, the white-spotted flower beetle bodies and white-spotted flower beetle insect feces organic fertilizer are obtained.
2. The method for ecological high-value utilization of bamboo shoot processing residues according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fermentation method of bamboo shoot processing residues comprises the following specific steps: After the bamboo shoot processing residue is crushed, 1-3‰ fermentation bacteria liquid is added to form a fermentation mixture, and the water content of the fermentation mixture is adjusted to 60-70%. After the pile is fully mixed, it is covered with plastic film for fermentation. The pile is turned regularly and covered with plastic film. After fermentation for 25-35 days, the fermented bamboo shoot processing residue is obtained.
3. The method for ecological high-value utilization of bamboo shoot processing residues according to claim 2, characterized in that: In the mealworm transformation system, the bamboo shoot processing residue is one of fermented bamboo shoot processing residue and unfermented bamboo shoot processing residue.
4. The method for ecological high-value utilization of bamboo shoot processing residues according to claim 2, characterized in that: The fermentation broth is at least one of EM fermentation broth, VT fermentation broth and RW fermentation promoter.
5. The method for ecological high-value utilization of bamboo shoot processing residues according to claim 4, characterized in that: The EM fermentation bacterial liquid is prepared by mixing EM stock solution with brown sugar, sodium chloride and ferrous chloride and then diluting with water; the VT fermentation bacterial liquid is prepared by mixing VT bacterial agent with brown sugar and then diluting with water.
6. The method for ecological high-value utilization of bamboo shoot processing residues according to claim 5, characterized in that: The mass ratio of the EM stock solution to brown sugar, sodium chloride and ferrous chloride is 1:(0.8-1):(0.5-0.8):(0.5-0.8), and the mass ratio of the VT bacterial agent to brown sugar is 1:(0.5-0.8).
7. The method for ecological high-value utilization of bamboo shoot processing residues according to claim 2, characterized in that: In the fermentation method of the bamboo shoot processing residue, 1-3‰ nutrient solution is also added, and the nutrient solution is at least one of ammonium bicarbonate, potassium sulfate and superphosphate.
8. The method for ecological high-value utilization of bamboo shoot processing residues according to claim 1, characterized in that: The amount of wheat bran used in the mealworm transformation system is 40-60% of feed A, the amount of fermented bamboo shoots processing residues used in the black soldier fly transformation system is 70-80% of feed B, and the amount of fermented bamboo shoots processing residues used in the white-spotted flower beetle transformation system is 50-60% of feed C.
9. The method for ecological high-value utilization of bamboo shoot processing residues according to claim 1, characterized in that: The larvae of yellow mealworms in the yellow mealworm transformation system are 45-55 days old, the larvae of black soldier flies in the black soldier fly transformation system are 3-5 days old, and the larvae of white star flower beetles in the white star flower beetle transformation system are 2-4 days old.