Device and method for preparing silicon-carbon composite material by plasma

Abstract

The invention discloses a device and method for preparing a silicon-carbon composite material through plasma, and belongs to the technical field of silicon-carbon composite material preparation. The device comprises a tank shell, and a top shell is fixedly installed on the top face of the tank shell; according to the invention, the silicon-carbon composite material is prepared by adopting an argon / hydrogen or hydrogen plasma method, so that the requirements of high energy density and uniform and continuous carbon layer thickness required by a power battery can be met, and the byproduct hydrogen can be recycled and can also be used for hydrogen energy fuel, so that the overall production cost is lower, and the economical efficiency is higher; the technology for preparing the silicon-carbon composite material through the argon / hydrogen or hydrogen plasma method is free of environmental pollution, the device is easy to amplify, large-scale production is easier, and the equipment can not only complete efficient and environment-friendly preparation of the material, but also can further grind and stir the prepared material, so that the production efficiency is improved. Therefore, some sticky materials can be quickly separated at high temperature, the quality of the whole prepared material is improved, and other additional operation is not needed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of silicon-carbon composite material preparation, and in particular relates to a device and method for preparing silicon-carbon composite material by plasma. Background Art

[0002] Lithium-ion batteries are one of the most widely used rechargeable batteries. Previously, commercial lithium-ion battery negative electrode materials usually used graphite with excellent conductivity. However, the low specific capacity of graphite cannot meet the growing demand, so silicon-based materials with high capacity and low potential are a more suitable choice. However, pure silicon-based negative electrodes have poor conductivity and huge volume changes during lithiation and delithiation, resulting in unstable cycles of silicon-based negative electrodes, which hinders their practical application.

[0003] Silicon-carbon composite materials can combine the high conductivity and mechanical properties of carbon materials with the advantages of high capacity and low potential of silicon-based materials to form a new type of lithium-ion battery negative electrode material with high capacity, high conductivity and stable voltage. The composite of carbon material and silicon-based materials can not only enhance the conductivity of silicon, but also provide mechanical support for the huge volume expansion of silicon-based materials during the delithiation process.

[0004] At present, there are mainly the following methods for producing silicon-carbon negative electrode composite materials for lithium-ion batteries: hydrothermal method, mechanical spheroidal graphite method and chemical vapor deposition method. The hydrothermal method refers to a preparation method in which a suitable solute is dissolved and recrystallized in a closed container. The method is to mix NH4OH with vinyltriethoxysilane (VTES) solution and obtain SiO2 balls after hydrothermal treatment at 100°C. Carbonization at 800°C finally obtains silicon-carbon nanoparticles. The advantage of the hydrothermal method is that the powder grains prepared by it are uniformly distributed and controllable in shape, but this scheme has high requirements on the safety performance of the equipment, which hinders its development.

[0005] Mechanical ball milling is to use a ball mill to mill the mixture of suitable silicon source and carbon source. After completion, it is sintered and annealed in a tube furnace. The advantages of using ball milling are that it can significantly reduce the activation energy of the reaction, improve the electrochemical properties of the material, and the process is simple and can be mass-produced. The disadvantage is that during ball milling, the ball-to-material ratio, solvent, grinding time, etc. will affect the quality of the final product.

[0006] Chemical vapor deposition refers to a method of using a suitable chemical gas to deposit a coating on the surface of a microsphere to form a composite. The chemical vapor deposition method for preparing silicon-carbon negative electrodes is generally divided into two structures, one is a carbon-wrapped silicon structure formed by a resin material as a precursor, and the other is a structure in which nano-silicon is embedded in a carbon matrix. The lithium-ion battery silicon-carbon negative electrode composite material synthesized by chemical vapor deposition has good volume stability, but the reversible capacity still needs to be improved. In summary, different preparation methods have their own disadvantages. In order to solve the above problems, a device and method for preparing silicon-carbon composite materials by plasma are urgently needed. Summary of the invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems and to propose a device and method for preparing silicon-carbon composite materials by plasma.

[0008] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: a device for preparing silicon-carbon composite materials by plasma, comprising a tank shell, a top shell is fixedly installed on the top surface of the tank shell, a plurality of supporting legs are fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the top shell, a driving motor and a first discharge pipe are fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the tank shell, a top cover is fixedly installed on the top surface of the top shell, and a second discharge pipe is fixedly installed on the outer wall of one side of the tank shell;

[0009] A hollow sleeve is fixedly installed on one end of the output group of the driving motor, a plurality of discharge windows are arranged on the outer surface of the hollow sleeve, a top plate is fixedly installed on the top of the hollow sleeve, a plasma high-temperature jet component is arranged on the top surface of the top cover, the plasma high-temperature jet component is used to generate high-temperature airflow, a silicon-carbon material processing mechanism is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the hollow sleeve, and the silicon-carbon material processing mechanism is used for synchronous real-time processing of prepared silicon-carbon materials.

[0010] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0011] The plasma high-temperature jet assembly includes a plasma generator, which is fixedly mounted on the top surface of the top cover, a high-temperature reaction tube is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the plasma generator, a feed pipe is fixedly mounted on an outer wall of one side of the plasma generator, a clamping groove and air holes are arranged on the outer surface of the high-temperature reaction tube, the high-temperature reaction tube is located on the inner side of the hollow sleeve, and the outer surface of the high-temperature reaction tube is in close contact with the inner surface of the hollow sleeve.

[0012] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0013] The silicon-carbon material processing mechanism includes a mounting frame, a mounting plate is fixedly mounted on the top surface of the mounting frame, a plurality of material troughs are arranged on the outer surface of the mounting plate, a telescopic bottom scraper is fixedly mounted on the bottom surface of the mounting frame, and the bottom end of the telescopic bottom scraper is in close contact with the inner wall of the top surface of the tank shell.

[0014] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0015] A stirring assembly and a grinding and dispersing assembly are rotatably mounted on the lower surface of the mounting frame. The grinding and dispersing assembly includes a second mounting shaft, which is rotatably mounted in a rotating hole provided on the lower surface of the mounting frame.

[0016] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0017] A grinding cylinder is fixedly mounted on the outside of the second mounting shaft, a rotating sleeve is rotatably mounted on the outside of the second mounting shaft, a dispersion plate is fixedly mounted on the outer surface of the rotating sleeve, and a beating hammer is fixedly mounted on the outer surface of the dispersion plate via a connecting rod.

[0018] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0019] The dispersion plate and the rotating sleeve are located on the inner side of the grinding cylinder. A plurality of sieve holes are arranged on the outer surface of the grinding cylinder. A blocking cover is fixedly installed on the top of the grinding cylinder. A driving pulley is fixedly installed on the top end of the second mounting shaft.

[0020] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0021] The stirring assembly includes a first mounting shaft, which is rotatably mounted in a rotating hole set on the lower surface of the mounting frame, a stirring plate is fixedly mounted on the outside of the first mounting shaft, a driven pulley is fixedly mounted on the top end of the first mounting shaft, and the driving pulley and the driven pulley are connected by a transmission belt.

[0022] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0023] A rotating hole is provided on the top surface of the top plate, and a spoiler assembly is rotatably installed in the rotating hole. The spoiler assembly is used for the rapid circulation of gas in the tank shell. The spoiler assembly includes a third mounting shaft, a rotating disk is fixedly installed on the top end of the third mounting shaft, and a spoiler plate is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the third mounting shaft.

[0024] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0025] One end of the rotating disk is locked in the locking groove, and the rotating disk is rollingly connected with the locking groove. A plurality of airflow grooves are arranged on the outer surface of the spoiler.

[0026] The present invention also discloses a method for using a device for preparing a silicon-carbon composite material by plasma, comprising the following steps:

[0027] S1. During operation, argon / hydrogen or hydrogen is fed into the above-mentioned plasma generator. Under the action of an external power source, the gas is ionized to form a high-temperature jet with a temperature of about 2000-3000°C, and flows into a high-temperature reaction tube. At this time, methane carrying elemental silicon powder is fed into the high-temperature reaction tube from a feed pipe. In the high-temperature gas flow, the surface of the silicon powder is instantly melted to form an isotropic sticky surface. At the same time, CH4 is cracked into C and H2 molecules, and carbon molecules or carbon molecule clusters are adhered to and grown by the sticky silicon powder surface, thereby forming a carbon-encapsulated silicon structure composite material with uniform thickness and continuity.

[0028] S2. Turn on the drive motor, which can drive the hollow sleeve to rotate. The rotating hollow sleeve can scrape off the material adhering to the outer surface of the high-temperature reaction tube, and finally introduce it into the tank shell through multiple discharge windows. As the work continues, the accumulated material in the tank shell will gradually increase;

[0029] S3. With the rotation of the hollow sleeve, the silicon-carbon material processing mechanism can be driven to rotate synchronously. At this time, the grinding cylinder rolls on the inner surface of the tank shell. At this time, the grinding cylinder can grind the material in the tank shell to a certain extent. When the grinding cylinder rolls, the driving pulley can rotate synchronously. The driving pulley can drive the driven pulley to rotate through the transmission belt. At this time, the first mounting shaft and the stirring plate can rotate synchronously to effectively and continuously stir the formed material;

[0030] S4. During the material processing, some fine materials can enter the grinding cylinder through the sieve holes. As the grinding cylinder rotates, the rotating sleeve and the dispersion plate inside it can also rotate. Therefore, the materials entering the grinding cylinder can also be beaten and dispersed by the dispersion plate. Finally, the materials will be guided out through the sieve holes, which can further eliminate the stickiness between the materials and effectively improve the overall fineness of the materials.

[0031] S5. When the hollow sleeve is driven to rotate, the turntable can rotate in the card slot of the high-temperature reaction tube. At this time, the third mounting shaft and the spoiler can also rotate synchronously. The rotating spoiler can disturb the high-temperature airflow and gas in the equipment, thereby steadily improving the drying effect and preparation efficiency in the equipment.

[0032] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0033] 1. In the present invention, the silicon-carbon composite material is prepared by the argon / hydrogen or hydrogen plasma method, which can meet the high energy density required by the power battery, the carbon layer thickness is uniform and continuous, and the by-product hydrogen can be recycled and can also be used for hydrogen fuel, so that the overall production cost is lower and more economical. The process of preparing the silicon-carbon composite material by the argon / hydrogen or hydrogen plasma method has no environmental pollution, the device is easy to enlarge, and it is easier to mass produce.

[0034] 2. In the present invention, a hollow sleeve and a silicon-carbon material processing mechanism are arranged in the device. When working, argon / hydrogen or hydrogen is fed into the above-mentioned plasma generator. The gas is ionized under the action of an external power supply to form a high-temperature jet with a temperature of about 2000-3000°C, and flows into the high-temperature reaction tube; at this time, methane is carried into the high-temperature reaction tube from the feed pipe with elemental silicon powder. In the high-temperature gas flow, the surface of the silicon powder is instantly melted to form an isotropic sticky surface. At the same time, CH4 is cracked into C and H2 molecules, and carbon molecules or carbon molecule clusters are adhered to and grown by the sticky silicon powder surface, thereby forming a carbon-coated silicon structure composite material with uniform thickness and continuity. At this time, the drive motor is turned on, and the drive motor can drive the hollow sleeve to rotate. The rotating hollow sleeve can scrape off the material adhered to the outer surface of the high-temperature reaction tube, and finally pass through multiple discharge windows. The opening is introduced into the tank shell. As the work continues, the accumulated material in the tank shell will gradually increase. At this time, as the hollow sleeve rotates, the silicon-carbon material processing mechanism can be driven to rotate synchronously. At this time, the grinding cylinder rolls on the inner surface of the tank shell. At this time, the grinding cylinder can grind the material in the tank shell to a certain extent. When the grinding cylinder rolls, the driving pulley can rotate synchronously, and the driving pulley can drive the driven pulley to rotate through the transmission belt. At this time, the first mounting shaft and the stirring plate can rotate synchronously, and the formed material can be effectively and continuously stirred. Through this design, not only can the efficient and environmentally friendly preparation of the material be completed, but the prepared material can also be further ground and stirred, so that some sticky materials can be quickly separated at high temperature, thereby improving the quality of the overall prepared material without the need for other additional operations.

[0035] 3. In the present invention, a rotatable sleeve and a dispersion plate are provided inside the grinding cylinder. During the material processing process, some fine materials can enter the grinding cylinder through the sieve holes. As the grinding cylinder rotates, the sleeve and the dispersion plate inside it can also rotate. Therefore, the material entering the grinding cylinder can also be beaten and dispersed by the dispersion plate. Finally, the material will still be discharged through the sieve holes, thereby further eliminating the stickiness between the materials, effectively improving the fineness of the overall material, and further improving the quality of the prepared material.

[0036] 4. In the present invention, two spoiler assemblies are provided in a matching manner. When the hollow sleeve is driven to rotate, the turntable can rotate in the card slot of the high-temperature reaction tube. At this time, the third mounting shaft and the spoiler can also rotate synchronously. The rotating spoiler can disturb the high-temperature airflow and gas in the equipment, thereby steadily improving the drying effect and preparation efficiency in the equipment, and further improving the actual application effect of the overall equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the device for preparing silicon-carbon composite materials by plasma.

[0038] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure from another angle of the device for preparing silicon-carbon composite materials by plasma.

[0039] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the explosion structure of the device for plasma preparation of silicon-carbon composite materials.

[0040] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the explosion three-dimensional structure of the plasma high-temperature jet component and the hollow sleeve in the device for plasma preparation of silicon-carbon composite materials.

[0041] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the exploded three-dimensional structure of the hollow sleeve and the silicon-carbon material processing mechanism in the device for preparing silicon-carbon composite materials by plasma.

[0042] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the exploded three-dimensional structure of the silicon-carbon material processing mechanism in the device for preparing silicon-carbon composite materials by plasma.

[0043] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the exploded three-dimensional structure of the stirring component and the grinding and dispersing component in the device for preparing silicon-carbon composite materials by plasma.

[0044] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the spoiler component in the device for preparing silicon-carbon composite materials by plasma.

[0045] Fig. 9 Device for preparing silicon-carbon composite material by plasma Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at point A in the middle.

[0046] Legend:

[0047] 1. Top cover; 2. Plasma high temperature jet assembly; 21. Plasma generator; 22. Feed pipe; 23. Embedding groove; 24. High temperature reaction tube; 25. Air hole; 3. Top shell; 4. Tank shell; 5. Support leg; 6. Drive motor; 7. First discharge pipe; 8. Second discharge pipe; 9. Silicon carbon material processing mechanism; 91. Mounting frame; 92. Mounting plate; 93. Material trough; 94. Stirring assembly; 941. Driven pulley; 942. Stirring plate; 943. First Mounting shaft; 95, grinding and dispersing assembly; 951, sieve hole; 952, grinding cylinder; 953, baffle cover; 954, driving pulley; 955, driving belt; 956, beating hammer; 957, dispersing plate; 958, rotating sleeve; 959, second mounting shaft; 96, telescopic bottom scraper; 10, spoiler assembly; 101, rotating disk; 102, air flow groove; 103, spoiler; 104, third mounting shaft; 11, hollow sleeve; 12, top plate; 13, discharge window. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0049] See also Figure 1-Figure 9 The present invention provides a technical solution: a device for preparing silicon-carbon composite materials by plasma, comprising a tank shell 4, a top shell 3 is fixedly installed on the top surface of the tank shell 4, a plurality of supporting legs 5 are fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the top shell 3, a driving motor 6 and a first discharge pipe 7 are fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the tank shell 4, a top cover 1 is fixedly installed on the top surface of the top shell 3, and a second discharge pipe 8 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of one side of the tank shell 4;

[0050] A hollow sleeve 11 is fixedly installed at one end of the output group of the driving motor 6, and a plurality of discharge windows 13 are arranged on the outer surface of the hollow sleeve 11. A top plate 12 is fixedly installed at the top of the hollow sleeve 11. A plasma high-temperature jet component 2 is arranged on the top surface of the top cover 1. The plasma high-temperature jet component 2 is used to generate high-temperature airflow. A silicon-carbon material processing mechanism 9 is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the hollow sleeve 11. The silicon-carbon material processing mechanism 9 is used for synchronous real-time processing of prepared silicon-carbon materials.

[0051] The plasma high-temperature jet assembly 2 includes a plasma generator 21, which is fixedly mounted on the top surface of the top cover 1. A high-temperature reaction tube 24 is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the plasma generator 21. A feed pipe 22 is fixedly mounted on an outer wall of one side of the plasma generator 21. A clamping groove 23 and an air hole 25 are provided on the outer surface of the high-temperature reaction tube 24. The high-temperature reaction tube 24 is located on the inner side of the hollow sleeve 11, and the outer surface of the high-temperature reaction tube 24 is in close contact with the inner surface of the hollow sleeve 11.

[0052] The silicon-carbon material processing mechanism 9 includes a mounting frame 91, a mounting plate 92 is fixedly mounted on the top surface of the mounting frame 91, a plurality of material troughs 93 are arranged on the outer surface of the mounting plate 92, a telescopic bottom scraper 96 is fixedly mounted on the bottom surface of the mounting frame 91, the bottom end of the telescopic bottom scraper 96 is in close contact with the inner wall of the top surface of the tank shell 4, a stirring assembly 94 and a grinding and dispersing assembly 95 are rotatably mounted on the lower side surface of the mounting frame 91, the grinding and dispersing assembly 95 includes a second mounting shaft 959, the second mounting shaft 959 is rotatably mounted in a rotating hole arranged on the lower side surface of the mounting frame 91, a grinding cylinder 952 is fixedly mounted on the outside of the second mounting shaft 959, a plurality of sieve holes 951 are arranged on the outer surface of the grinding cylinder 952, a baffle 953 is fixedly mounted on the top of the grinding cylinder 952, and a driving pulley 954 is fixedly mounted on the top of the second mounting shaft 959.

[0053] The stirring assembly 94 includes a first mounting shaft 943, which is rotatably mounted in a rotating hole set on the lower surface of the mounting frame 91, a stirring plate 942 is fixedly mounted on the outside of the first mounting shaft 943, a driven pulley 941 is fixedly mounted on the top of the first mounting shaft 943, and the driving pulley 954 is connected to the driven pulley 941 through a transmission belt 955.

[0054] The specific implementation method is as follows: during operation, argon / hydrogen or hydrogen is fed into the above-mentioned plasma generator 21, and the gas is ionized under the action of an external power supply to form a high-temperature jet with a temperature of about 2000-3000°C, and flows into the high-temperature reaction tube 24; at this time, methane carrying elemental silicon powder is fed into the high-temperature reaction tube 24 from the feed pipe 22, and in the high-temperature gas flow, the surface of the silicon powder is instantly melted to form an isotropic sticky surface, and at the same time, CH4 is cracked into C and H2 molecules, and carbon molecules or carbon molecule clusters are adhered to the sticky silicon powder surface and grow, thereby forming a carbon-coated silicon structure composite material with uniform thickness and continuity, and at this time, the drive motor 6 is turned on, and the drive motor 6 can drive the hollow sleeve 11 to rotate, and the rotating hollow sleeve 11 can The material adhering to the outer surface of the high-temperature reaction tube 24 is scraped off and finally introduced into the tank shell 4 through multiple discharge windows 13. As the work continues, the accumulated material in the tank shell 4 will gradually increase. At this time, with the rotation of the hollow sleeve 11, the silicon-carbon material processing mechanism 9 can be synchronously driven to rotate. At this time, the grinding cylinder 952 rolls on the inner surface of the tank shell 4. At this time, the grinding cylinder 952 can perform a certain grinding on the material in the tank shell 4. When the grinding cylinder 952 rolls, the driving pulley 954 can rotate synchronously. The driving pulley 954 can drive the driven pulley 941 to rotate through the transmission belt 955. At this time, the first mounting shaft 943 and the stirring plate 942 can rotate synchronously to effectively and continuously stir the formed material.

[0055] Through this design, not only can the materials be prepared efficiently and environmentally friendly, but the prepared materials can also be further ground and stirred, so that some sticky materials can be quickly separated at high temperatures, improving the quality of the overall prepared materials without the need for other additional operations.

[0056] A rotating sleeve 958 is rotatably installed on the outside of the second mounting shaft 959, a dispersion plate 957 is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the dispersion plate 957, a beating hammer 956 is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the dispersion plate 957 via a connecting rod, and the dispersion plate 957 and the rotating sleeve 958 are located on the inner side of the grinding cylinder 952.

[0057] The specific implementation method is as follows: in the process of processing the materials, some fine materials can enter the interior of the grinding cylinder 952 through the sieve hole 951, and as the grinding cylinder 952 rotates, the rotating sleeve 958 and the dispersion plate 957 inside it can also rotate a little. Therefore, the materials entering the grinding cylinder 952 can also be beaten and dispersed to a certain extent through the dispersion plate 957. Finally, the materials will still be exported through the sieve hole 951, thereby further eliminating the stickiness between the materials and effectively improving the fineness of the overall material.

[0058] A rotating hole is provided on the top surface of the top plate 12, and a spoiler assembly 10 is rotatably installed in the rotating hole. The spoiler assembly 10 is used for the rapid circulation of gas in the tank shell 4. The spoiler assembly 10 includes a third mounting shaft 104, a rotating disk 101 is fixedly installed on the top end of the third mounting shaft 104, a spoiler plate 103 is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the third mounting shaft 104, one end of the rotating disk 101 is embedded in the embedding groove 23, the rotating disk 101 is rollingly connected to the embedding groove 23, and a plurality of airflow grooves 102 are provided on the outer surface of the spoiler plate 103.

[0059] The specific implementation method is as follows: when the hollow sleeve 11 is driven to rotate, the turntable 101 can rotate in the embedding groove 23 of the high-temperature reaction tube 24. At this time, the third mounting shaft 104 and the spoiler 103 can also rotate synchronously. The rotating spoiler 103 can disturb the high-temperature airflow and gas in the equipment, thereby steadily improving the drying effect and preparation efficiency in the equipment, and further improving the actual application effect of the overall equipment.

[0060] The present invention also discloses a method for using a device for preparing a silicon-carbon composite material by plasma, comprising the following steps:

[0061] S1. During operation, argon / hydrogen or hydrogen is fed into the plasma generator 21. The gas is ionized under the action of an external power source to form a high-temperature jet with a temperature of about 2000-3000°C, and flows into the high-temperature reaction tube 24. At this time, methane carrying elemental silicon powder is fed into the high-temperature reaction tube 24 from the feed pipe 22. In the high-temperature gas flow, the surface of the silicon powder is instantly melted to form an isotropic sticky surface. At the same time, CH4 is cracked into C and H2 molecules, and carbon molecules or carbon molecule clusters are adhered to the sticky silicon powder surface and grow, thereby forming a carbon-encapsulated silicon structure composite material with uniform thickness and continuity.

[0062] S2, turning on the driving motor 6, which can drive the hollow sleeve 11 to rotate, and the rotating hollow sleeve 11 can scrape off the material adhering to the outer surface of the high-temperature reaction tube 24, and finally introduce it into the tank shell 4 through a plurality of discharge windows 13. As the work continues, the accumulated material in the tank shell 4 will gradually increase;

[0063] S3. With the rotation of the hollow sleeve 11, the silicon-carbon material processing mechanism 9 can be synchronously driven to rotate. At this time, the grinding cylinder 952 rolls on the inner surface of the tank shell 4. At this time, the grinding cylinder 952 can grind the material in the tank shell 4 to a certain extent. When the grinding cylinder 952 rolls, the driving pulley 954 can rotate synchronously. The driving pulley 954 can drive the driven pulley 941 to rotate through the transmission belt 955. At this time, the first installation shaft 943 and the stirring plate 942 can rotate synchronously to effectively and continuously stir the formed material;

[0064] S4. During the material processing, some fine materials can enter the grinding cylinder 952 through the sieve hole 951. As the grinding cylinder 952 rotates, the rotating sleeve 958 and the dispersion plate 957 inside the grinding cylinder 952 can also rotate. Therefore, the materials entering the grinding cylinder 952 can also be beaten and dispersed by the dispersion plate 957. Finally, the materials will be guided out through the sieve hole 951, thereby further eliminating the stickiness between the materials and effectively improving the fineness of the overall materials.

[0065] S5. When the hollow sleeve 11 is driven to rotate, the turntable 101 can rotate in the embedding groove 23 of the high-temperature reaction tube 24. At this time, the third installation shaft 104 and the spoiler 103 can also rotate synchronously. The rotating spoiler 103 can disturb the high-temperature airflow and gas in the equipment, thereby steadily improving the drying effect and preparation efficiency in the equipment.

[0066] Working principle: During operation, argon / hydrogen or hydrogen is fed into the above-mentioned plasma generator 21, and the gas is ionized under the action of an external power source to form a high-temperature jet with a temperature of about 2000-3000°C, and flows into the high-temperature reaction tube 24; at this time, methane carrying elemental silicon powder is fed into the high-temperature reaction tube 24 from the feed pipe 22, and in the high-temperature gas flow, the surface of the silicon powder is instantly melted to form an isotropic sticky surface, and at the same time, CH4 is cracked into C and H2 molecules, and carbon molecules or carbon molecule clusters are adhered to the sticky silicon powder surface and grow, thereby forming a carbon-coated silicon structure composite material with uniform thickness and continuity;

[0067] Turn on the driving motor 6, which can drive the hollow sleeve 11 to rotate. The rotating hollow sleeve 11 can scrape off the material adhering to the outer surface of the high-temperature reaction tube 24, and finally introduce it into the tank shell 4 through multiple discharge windows 13. As the work continues, the accumulated material in the tank shell 4 will gradually increase; as the hollow sleeve 11 rotates, the silicon-carbon material processing mechanism 9 can be synchronously driven to rotate. At this time, the grinding cylinder 952 rolls on the inner surface of the tank shell 4. At this time, the grinding cylinder 952 can grind the material in the tank shell 4 to a certain extent. When the grinding cylinder 952 rolls, the driving pulley 954 can rotate synchronously. The driving pulley 954 can drive the driven pulley 941 to rotate through the transmission belt 955. At this time, the first mounting shaft 943 and the stirring plate 942 can rotate synchronously to effectively and continuously stir the formed material;

[0068] During the material processing, some fine materials can enter the grinding cylinder 952 through the sieve hole 951. As the grinding cylinder 952 rotates, the rotating sleeve 958 and the dispersion plate 957 inside the grinding cylinder 952 can also rotate to some extent. Therefore, the materials entering the grinding cylinder 952 can also be beaten and dispersed to a certain extent by the dispersion plate 957. Finally, the materials will still be guided out through the sieve hole 951, thereby further eliminating the stickiness between the materials and effectively improving the fineness of the overall materials.

[0069] When the hollow sleeve 11 is driven to rotate, the turntable 101 can rotate in the locking groove 23 of the high-temperature reaction tube 24. At this time, the third mounting shaft 104 and the spoiler 103 can also rotate synchronously. The rotating spoiler 103 can disturb the high-temperature airflow and gas in the equipment, thereby steadily improving the drying effect and preparation efficiency in the equipment.

[0070] The above are only preferred specific implementation modes of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical solutions and inventive concepts of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for preparing silicon-carbon composite materials by plasma, comprising a tank shell (4), characterized in that: A top shell (3) is fixedly mounted on the top surface of the tank shell (4), a plurality of supporting legs (5) are fixedly mounted on the bottom surface of the top shell (3), a driving motor (6) and a first discharge pipe (7) are fixedly mounted on the bottom surface of the tank shell (4), a top cover (1) is fixedly mounted on the top surface of the top shell (3), and a second discharge pipe (8) is fixedly mounted on one side outer wall of the tank shell (4); A hollow sleeve (11) is fixedly mounted on one end of the output group of the driving motor (6); a plurality of discharge windows (13) are arranged on the outer surface of the hollow sleeve (11); a top plate (12) is fixedly mounted on the top of the hollow sleeve (11); a plasma high-temperature jet assembly (2) is arranged on the top surface of the top cover (1); the plasma high-temperature jet assembly (2) is used for generating a high-temperature airflow; a silicon-carbon material processing mechanism (9) is fixedly mounted on the outer surface of the hollow sleeve (11); the silicon-carbon material processing mechanism (9) is used for synchronous real-time processing of the prepared silicon-carbon material.

2. The device for preparing silicon-carbon composite materials by plasma according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plasma high-temperature jet assembly (2) comprises a plasma generator (21), the plasma generator (21) is fixedly mounted on the top surface of the top cover (1), a high-temperature reaction tube (24) is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the plasma generator (21), a feed tube (22) is fixedly mounted on one side outer wall of the plasma generator (21), a clamping groove (23) and an air hole (25) are provided on the outer surface of the high-temperature reaction tube (24), the high-temperature reaction tube (24) is located on the inner side of the hollow sleeve (11), and the outer surface of the high-temperature reaction tube (24) is in close contact with the inner surface of the hollow sleeve (11).

3. The device for preparing silicon-carbon composite materials by plasma according to claim 2, characterized in that: The silicon-carbon material processing mechanism (9) comprises a mounting frame (91), a mounting plate (92) is fixedly mounted on the top surface of the mounting frame (91), a plurality of material troughs (93) are arranged on the outer surface of the mounting plate (92), and a telescopic bottom scraper (96) is fixedly mounted on the bottom surface of the mounting frame (91), the bottom end of the telescopic bottom scraper (96) is in close contact with the inner wall of the top surface of the tank shell (4).

4. The device for preparing silicon-carbon composite materials by plasma according to claim 3, characterized in that: A stirring assembly (94) and a grinding and dispersing assembly (95) are rotatably mounted on the lower surface of the mounting frame (91); the grinding and dispersing assembly (95) comprises a second mounting shaft (959), and the second mounting shaft (959) is rotatably mounted in a rotating hole provided on the lower surface of the mounting frame (91).

5. The device for preparing silicon-carbon composite materials by plasma according to claim 4, characterized in that: A grinding cylinder (952) is fixedly mounted on the outside of the second mounting shaft (959), a rotating sleeve (958) is rotatably mounted on the outside of the second mounting shaft (959), a dispersion plate (957) is fixedly mounted on the outer surface of the rotating sleeve (958), and a beating hammer (956) is fixedly mounted on the outer surface of the dispersion plate (957) via a connecting rod.

6. The device for preparing silicon-carbon composite materials by plasma according to claim 5, characterized in that: The dispersion plate (957) and the rotating sleeve (958) are located on the inner side of the grinding cylinder (952); a plurality of sieve holes (951) are provided on the outer surface of the grinding cylinder (952); a blocking cover (953) is fixedly installed on the top of the grinding cylinder (952); and a driving pulley (954) is fixedly installed on the top end of the second mounting shaft (959).

7. The device for preparing silicon-carbon composite materials by plasma according to claim 6, characterized in that: The stirring assembly (94) includes a first mounting shaft (943), the first mounting shaft (943) is rotatably mounted in a rotating hole provided on the lower surface of the mounting frame (91), a stirring plate (942) is fixedly mounted on the outside of the first mounting shaft (943), a driven pulley (941) is fixedly mounted on the top end of the first mounting shaft (943), and the driving pulley (954) is connected to the driven pulley (941) via a transmission belt (955).

8. The device for preparing silicon-carbon composite materials by plasma according to claim 7, characterized in that: A rotating hole is arranged on the top surface of the top plate (12), and a spoiler assembly (10) is rotatably mounted in the rotating hole. The spoiler assembly (10) is used for rapid circulation of gas in the tank shell (4). The spoiler assembly (10) comprises a third mounting shaft (104), a rotating disk (101) is fixedly mounted on the top end of the third mounting shaft (104), and a spoiler plate (103) is fixedly mounted on the outer surface of the third mounting shaft (104).

9. The device for preparing silicon-carbon composite materials by plasma according to claim 8, characterized in that: One end of the rotating disk (101) is locked in the locking groove (23), the rotating disk (101) and the locking groove (23) are rollingly connected, and a plurality of airflow grooves (102) are arranged on the outer surface of the spoiler (103).

10. A method for using a device for preparing silicon-carbon composite materials by plasma, characterized in that: The steps include: S1. During operation, argon / hydrogen or hydrogen is fed into the plasma generator (21). The gas is ionized under the action of an external power source to form a high-temperature jet having a temperature of about 2000-3000°C, and flows into a high-temperature reaction tube (24). At this time, methane carrying elemental silicon powder is fed into the high-temperature reaction tube (24) from a feed pipe (22). In the high-temperature gas flow, the surface of the silicon powder is instantly melted to form an isotropic sticky surface. At the same time, CH4 is cracked into C and H2 molecules, and carbon molecules or carbon molecule clusters are adhered to and grown by the sticky silicon powder surface, thereby forming a carbon-encapsulated silicon structure composite material with uniform thickness and continuity. S2, turning on the driving motor (6), the driving motor (6) can drive the hollow sleeve (11) to rotate, the rotating hollow sleeve (11) can scrape off the material adhering to the outer surface of the high-temperature reaction tube (24), and finally introduce it into the tank shell (4) through a plurality of discharge windows (13). As the work continues, the accumulated material in the tank shell (4) will gradually increase; S3. As the hollow sleeve (11) rotates, the silicon-carbon material processing mechanism (9) can be synchronously driven to rotate. At this time, the grinding cylinder (952) rolls on the inner surface of the tank shell (4). At this time, the grinding cylinder (952) can grind the material in the tank shell (4) to a certain extent. When the grinding cylinder (952) rolls, the driving pulley (954) can rotate synchronously. The driving pulley (954) can drive the driven pulley (941) to rotate through the transmission belt (955). At this time, the first installation shaft (943) and the stirring plate (942) can rotate synchronously to effectively and continuously stir the formed material. S4. During the material processing, some fine materials can enter the interior of the grinding cylinder (952) through the sieve hole (951). As the grinding cylinder (952) rotates, the rotating sleeve (958) and the dispersion plate (957) inside the grinding cylinder (952) can also rotate to some extent. Therefore, the materials entering the grinding cylinder (952) can also be beaten and dispersed to a certain extent through the dispersion plate (957). Finally, the materials will still be discharged through the sieve hole (951), thereby further eliminating the stickiness between the materials and effectively improving the fineness of the overall materials. S5. When the hollow sleeve (11) is driven to rotate, the turntable (101) can rotate in the locking groove (23) of the high-temperature reaction tube (24). At this time, the third installation shaft (104) and the spoiler (103) can also rotate synchronously. The rotating spoiler (103) can disturb the high-temperature airflow and gas in the device, thereby steadily improving the drying effect and preparation efficiency in the device.

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