Practical single-excitation ultrasonic radial torsional vibration precision turning tool and turning device

Abstract

The invention provides a practical single-excitation ultrasonic radial torsional vibration precision turning tool and a turning device, and belongs to the field of machining tools. The problems that an existing ultrasonic vibration turning tool is complex in structure and high in cost, and accurate radial-torsional vibration control is difficult to achieve are solved. The device comprises a tool rest, a single-excitation ultrasonic radial torsional vibration system and a blade, the tool rest is connected with the single-excitation ultrasonic radial torsional vibration system and fixedly connected with the single-excitation ultrasonic radial torsional vibration system through a flange plate of an amplitude-change pole in the single-excitation ultrasonic radial torsional vibration system, and the blade is installed at the front end of the single-excitation ultrasonic radial torsional vibration system. An ultrasonic transducer and an amplitude-change pole are arranged in the single-excitation ultrasonic radial torsional vibration system, the ultrasonic transducer is connected with the amplitude-change pole, and the front end of the amplitude-change pole is connected with the blade. The single excitation mode is adopted, the structure is simple, cost is low, accurate radial and torsional vibration control can be achieved, the rotating speed of a turning tool relative to a workpiece is correspondingly increased, and therefore the machining precision and the surface quality are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of mechanical processing tools, and in particular relates to a practical single-excitation ultrasonic radial-torsional vibration precision turning tool, a practical single-excitation ultrasonic radial-torsional vibration precision turning tool and a turning device. Background Art

[0002] In mechanical processing, turning is an important processing method. Traditional turning tools have some problems in the processing process, such as large cutting force, high cutting temperature, fast tool wear, etc. These problems will affect the processing accuracy and surface quality. In order to solve these problems, people began to study ultrasonic vibration assisted processing technology.

[0003] Ultrasonic vibration-assisted machining technology applies ultrasonic vibration to the tool, so that the tool generates ultrasonic vibration during the cutting process, thereby changing the mechanical properties of the cutting process, reducing cutting force, cutting temperature and tool wear, and improving machining accuracy and surface quality. It has been widely used in turning, milling, grinding and other machining fields. The main forms of ultrasonic vibration are one-dimensional ultrasonic vibration and elliptical ultrasonic vibration. Studies have shown that elliptical ultrasonic vibration has the advantages of smaller cutting force and higher scalar quality than one-dimensional ultrasonic vibration, and has become the focus of research in ultrasonic vibration turning.

[0004] However, most of the existing ultrasonic elliptical vibration turning tools adopt dual excitation or multi-excitation methods, which are complex in structure, high in cost, and difficult to achieve accurate radial-torsional vibration control. Therefore, there is a need for an ultrasonic vibration turning tool with a simple structure, low cost, and the ability to achieve accurate radial-torsional vibration control. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of this, in order to solve the problems of complex structure, high cost and difficulty in achieving precise radial-torsional vibration control of existing ultrasonic vibration turning tools, the present invention proposes a practical single-excitation ultrasonic radial-torsional vibration precision turning tool and a turning device.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: a practical single-excitation ultrasonic radial-torsional vibration precision turning tool, comprising a tool holder, a single-excitation ultrasonic radial-torsional vibration system and a blade, wherein the tool holder is connected to the single-excitation ultrasonic radial-torsional vibration system, and the blade is installed at the front end of the single-excitation ultrasonic radial-torsional vibration system.

[0007] The single excitation ultrasonic radial-torsional vibration system comprises an ultrasonic transducer and an horn, wherein the ultrasonic transducer is connected to the horn, and the front end of the horn is connected to a blade.

[0008] Furthermore, a flange is installed on the outer periphery of the amplitude transformer.

[0009] Furthermore, the tool holder is fixedly connected to the single excitation ultrasonic radial-torsional vibration system via a flange on the outer periphery of the amplitude transformer.

[0010] Furthermore, the ultrasonic transducer is a piezoelectric ceramic transducer.

[0011] Furthermore, the ultrasonic transducer includes a rear end cover, a piezoelectric ceramic and an electrode, and the rear end cover, the piezoelectric ceramic and the electrode are connected in sequence.

[0012] Furthermore, the electrode is connected to the horn via a fastening screw.

[0013] Furthermore, the amplitude transformer is a stepped amplitude transformer.

[0014] Furthermore, the blade is an alloy blade or a coated blade.

[0015] Furthermore, the tool holder is connected to the single excitation ultrasonic radial-torsional vibration system through threads.

[0016] Furthermore, the blade is mounted on the front end of the single excitation ultrasonic radial-torsional vibration system by means of screws.

[0017] A turning device comprises the above practical single-excitation ultrasonic radial-torsional vibration precision turning tool.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the practical single-excitation ultrasonic radial-torsional vibration precision turning tool and turning device described in the present invention have the following beneficial effects:

[0019] 1. The present invention adopts a single excitation mode, has a simple structure, low cost, can realize accurate radial-torsional vibration control, and correspondingly increases the rotation speed of the turning tool relative to the workpiece, thereby improving the processing accuracy and surface quality.

[0020] 2. In the cutting process of the present invention, due to the torsional vibration and radial vibration retraction of the vibration system, the blade is driven to retract, thereby protecting the processed surface. At the same time, the blade is separated from the processed surface or the feed amount is reduced, thereby increasing the service life of the blade. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] The accompanying drawings constituting a part of the present invention are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the ultrasonic radial-torsional vibration system of the practical single-excitation ultrasonic radial-torsional vibration precision turning tool of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a practical single-excitation ultrasonic radial-torsional vibration precision turning tool of the present invention;

[0024] In the figure: 1-tool holder, 2-single excitation ultrasonic radial-torsional vibration system, 3-blade, 4-ultrasonic transducer, 5-amplifier, 6-rear end cover, 7-piezoelectric ceramic, 8-electrode. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely explain the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict, and the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments.

[0026] See also Figure 1-2 This embodiment is described as a practical single excitation ultrasonic radial-torsional vibration precision turning tool, comprising a tool holder 1, a single excitation ultrasonic radial-torsional vibration system 2 and a blade 3, wherein the tool holder 1 is connected to the single excitation ultrasonic radial-torsional vibration system 2 and is fixedly connected via a flange of a horn 5 in the single excitation ultrasonic radial-torsional vibration system 2, wherein the blade 3 is mounted at the front end of the single excitation ultrasonic radial-torsional vibration system 2, wherein an ultrasonic transducer 4 and a horn 5 are provided inside the single excitation ultrasonic radial-torsional vibration system 2, wherein the ultrasonic transducer 4 is connected to the horn 5, and the front end of the horn 5 is connected to the blade 3. The ultrasonic transducer 4 is connected to an external power source via a wire.

[0027] The tool holder 1 is connected to the single excitation ultrasonic radial-torsional vibration system 2 through threads, and the blade 3 is installed on the front end of the single excitation ultrasonic radial-torsional vibration system 2 through screws.

[0028] The ultrasonic transducer 4 includes a rear end cover 6, a piezoelectric ceramic 7 and an electrode 8, wherein the rear end cover 6, the piezoelectric ceramic 7 and the electrode 8 are connected in sequence, and the electrode 8 is connected to the horn 5 via a fastening screw.

[0029] The ultrasonic transducer 4 is a piezoelectric ceramic transducer, the horn 5 is a stepped horn, and the blade 3 is an alloy blade or a coated blade.

[0030] The working principle of the practical single-excitation ultrasonic radial-torsional vibration precision turning tool described in the present invention is:

[0031] The external power supply provides high-frequency alternating current to the ultrasonic transducer 4 through a wire, and the ultrasonic transducer 4 converts the electrical energy into mechanical energy, generates ultrasonic radial-torsional vibration, and transmits it to the blade 3 after being amplified by the horn 5, so that the blade 3 generates ultrasonic radial-torsional vibration during the cutting process.

[0032] The embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are only used to help illustrate the present invention. The embodiments do not describe all the details in detail, nor do they limit the invention to the specific implementation methods described. According to the content of this specification, many modifications and changes can be made. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments in order to better explain the principles and practical applications of the present invention, so that those skilled in the art can understand and use the present invention well.

Claims

1. A practical single-excitation ultrasonic radial-torsional vibration precision turning tool, characterized by: The invention comprises a tool holder (1), a single excitation ultrasonic radial-torsional vibration system (2) and a blade (3), wherein the tool holder (1) is connected to the single excitation ultrasonic radial-torsional vibration system (2), and the blade (3) is installed at the front end of the single excitation ultrasonic radial-torsional vibration system (2). The single excitation ultrasonic radial-torsional vibration system (2) comprises an ultrasonic transducer (4) and an horn (5), wherein the ultrasonic transducer (4) is connected to the horn (5), and the front end of the horn (5) is connected to the blade (3).

2. The practical single-excitation ultrasonic radial-torsional vibration precision turning tool according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A flange is installed on the outer periphery of the amplitude transformer (5), and the tool holder (1) and the single excitation ultrasonic radial-torsional vibration system (2) are fixedly connected via the flange on the outer periphery of the amplitude transformer (5).

3. The practical single-excitation ultrasonic radial-torsional vibration precision turning tool according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The ultrasonic transducer (4) is a piezoelectric ceramic transducer.

4. The practical single-excitation ultrasonic radial-torsional vibration precision turning tool according to claim 3 is characterized by: The ultrasonic transducer (4) comprises a rear end cover (6), a piezoelectric ceramic (7) and an electrode (8), and the rear end cover (6), the piezoelectric ceramic (7) and the electrode (8) are connected in sequence.

5. The practical single-excitation ultrasonic radial-torsional vibration precision turning tool according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The electrode (8) is connected to the horn (5) via a fastening screw.

6. The practical single-excitation ultrasonic radial-torsional vibration precision turning tool according to claim 1 is characterized by: The amplitude transformer (5) is a stepped amplitude transformer.

7. The practical single-excitation ultrasonic radial-torsional vibration precision turning tool according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The blade (3) is an alloy blade.

8. The practical single-excitation ultrasonic radial-torsional vibration precision turning tool according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The tool holder (1) is connected to the single excitation ultrasonic radial-torsional vibration system (2) via threads.

9. The practical single-excitation ultrasonic radial-torsional vibration precision turning tool according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The blade (3) is mounted on the front end of the single excitation ultrasonic radial-torsional vibration system (2) by means of screws.

10. A turning device, characterized in that: A practical single-excitation ultrasonic radial-torsional vibration precision turning tool comprising any one of claims 1-9.

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