Automatic parking brake of heavy-duty discharging car

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of parking brakes, in particular to an automatic parking brake of a heavy unloading vehicle. Comprising a frame, a protection frame, a driving pressing frame and an elastic pressing frame, the frame is connected with the heavy-duty discharging car, a wheel shaft is rotationally connected to the frame, a single chip microcomputer is fixedly installed on the frame, two pneumatic compensation pieces are installed between the frame and the protection frame, a set of elastic limiting pieces are installed between the protection frame and the driving pressing frame, and a set of electromagnets are installed on the bottom face of the protection frame. And magnetic attraction columns are mounted on the active pressing frame and correspond to the electromagnets in position. The device has the beneficial effects that after the displacement amplitude of the wheel in the braking state exceeds a set value, under the driving action of the auxiliary wheel assembly, the protective frame moves upwards, the brake caliper and the lock caliper lose the braking action on the brake disc, and therefore after the wheel is forcibly displaced by the specified amplitude in the braking state, the brake caliper and the lock caliper are locked. And the braking effect on the wheels can be lost in a controlled state, so that wear protection on the wheels is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of parking brakes, in particular to an automatic parking brake for a heavy-duty unloading truck. Background Art

[0002] Generally, when a vehicle is parked, the movement of the vehicle is restrained by operating a parking brake.

[0003] In the prior art, a patent document with publication number CN103158683A discloses an electronic parking brake device, including a brake caliper, which wraps a brake disc connected to a vehicle driving tire, and enables a gasket that rubs against the brake disc to be movably arranged on the brake disc, a piston, which is slidably arranged on the brake caliper and applies pressure to the brake disc side, a spindle, which is rotatably arranged on the brake caliper; a nut component, which is slidably arranged on the brake caliper and forms a threaded connection with the spindle, and an actuator, which provides power to the spindle. The above invention can simplify the assembly of the brake device, reduce errors occurring during assembly operations, and reduce noise occurring during the driving of the brake device. However, the above brake does not have a wear protection function when the wheel is forced to move or forcibly dragged when working. Based on this, the present invention provides an automatic parking brake for a heavy-duty unloading truck to solve the problems raised in the above background technology. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention aims at the technical problems existing in the prior art and provides an automatic parking brake for a heavy-duty unloading vehicle to solve the problem that the existing brake does not have the wear protection function when the wheels are forced to move or forcibly dragged during operation.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention for solving the above technical problems is as follows: an automatic parking brake of a heavy-duty unloading truck, comprising a frame, a guard frame, an active pressure frame and an elastic pressure frame, the frame being connected to the heavy-duty unloading truck, a wheel axle being rotatably connected to the frame, a single-chip microcomputer being fixedly installed on the frame, two pneumatic compensation parts being installed between the frame and the guard frame, a group of elastic limit parts being installed between the guard frame and the active pressure frame, a group of electromagnets being installed on the bottom surface of the guard frame, magnetic suction columns being installed on the active pressure frame and corresponding to the position of each electromagnet, a group of elastic pressure parts being installed between the active pressure frame and the elastic pressure frame, a brake disc being provided on the wheel axle, an electronic brake assembly and an electromagnetic brake assembly being respectively provided on the brake disc, two auxiliary wheel components being installed between the active pressure frame and the frame, and the two auxiliary wheel components being respectively connected to two pneumatic compensation parts.

[0006] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1) In the present invention, when the displacement amplitude of the wheel in the braking state does not exceed the set amplitude, under the action of the limit spring, the distance between the guard frame and the wheel frame is kept fixed. When the displacement amplitude of the wheel in the braking state exceeds the set value, under the driving action of the auxiliary wheel assembly, the guard frame moves up and causes the brake caliper and the locking caliper to lose the braking effect on the brake disc, so that after the wheel is forced to displace a specified amplitude in the braking state, the braking effect on the wheel can be lost in a controlled state, thereby realizing wear protection for the wheel.

[0007] 2) In the present invention, after the wheel is braked, the secondary wheel is in close contact with the ground under the action of the telescopic tube and the pressure-reducing spring. After the secondary wheel is in close contact with the ground, when the wheel is forcibly displaced in a specified direction, the secondary wheel in the specified direction rotates. After the secondary wheel in the specified direction rotates, the pump barrel is driven to supply air to the inside of the air inlet chamber in one direction. After the inside of the air inlet chamber is supplied with air in one direction, the pneumatic compensator is driven to work. After the pneumatic compensator works, the wheel wear protection function is automatically started.

[0008] 3) In the present invention, by controlling the screw-in depth of the pressure regulating column, the exhaust pressure of the booster cylinder and the self-starting threshold of the pneumatic compensator or the wheel anti-wear function can be adjusted, thereby effectively improving the flexibility and adjustability of the brake when in use.

[0009] Based on the above technical solution, the present invention can also be improved as follows.

[0010] Furthermore, the elastic limiting member includes a T-shaped guide rod fixed on the active pressure frame, the T-shaped guide rod is slidably connected to the guard frame, and a compression spring is sleeved on the T-shaped guide rod and at a position corresponding to the position between the guard frame and the active pressure frame.

[0011] The beneficial effect of adopting the above further solution is that when the electromagnet is in a charging state and generates magnetic force, the electromagnet and the magnetic suction column are sufficiently close to each other. After the electromagnet and the magnetic suction column are sufficiently close to each other, the distance between the guard frame and the active pressure frame is kept to a minimum, and the compression spring is in a compressed state; When the electromagnet is in a power-off state, the electromagnet is powered off and loses its magnetic force. Under the action of the compression spring, the active pressure frame moves down fully. After the active pressure frame moves down fully, the electromagnetic brake assembly is driven to work.

[0012] Furthermore, the elastic pressure member includes a T-shaped pressure rod fixedly connected to the elastic pressure frame, the T-shaped pressure rod is slidably connected to the active pressure frame, and the T-shaped pressure rod is provided with a pressure spring corresponding to the position between the active pressure frame and the elastic pressure frame. The axial direction of the T-shaped pressure rod is the same as the axial direction of the T-shaped guide rod, and the axial direction of the T-shaped pressure rod is perpendicular to the axial direction of the wheel axle.

[0013] The beneficial effect of adopting the above further solution is that when the active pressure frame is fully moved downward, the elastic pressure member is arranged so that the brake caliper in the electromagnetic brake assembly can be accurately engaged with the second tooth surface, thereby effectively braking and limiting the brake disc.

[0014] Furthermore, the electronic brake assembly includes a motor mounted on a vehicle frame, a brake pressure pipe slidably connected to the vehicle frame, and a first tooth surface arranged on a brake disc; a transmission screw is fixedly mounted on an output shaft end of the motor, the transmission screw is transmission-connected to the brake pressure pipe, a locking caliper is slidably connected to the inner wall of the brake pressure pipe, a pressure-compensating spring is installed between the locking caliper and the brake pressure pipe, a speed sensor for monitoring the wheel axle rotation speed is fixedly mounted on the vehicle frame, and a data end of the speed sensor is connected to the data of the single-chip computer.

[0015] The beneficial effect of adopting the above further scheme is that during operation, the speed sensor is used to monitor the rotation speed of the wheel axle in real time. When the speed sensor detects that the rotation speed of the wheel axle is zero, the motor automatically works and eventually causes the locking caliper to engage with the first tooth surface, thereby accurately braking the brake disc. When the electromagnet is energized, the locking caliper automatically resets to the initial state, thereby losing the braking effect on the brake disc.

[0016] Furthermore, the electromagnetic brake assembly includes a second tooth surface arranged on the brake disc, a brake caliper is installed on the bottom surface of the elastic pressure frame, and a group of regularly distributed locking teeth cooperating with the second tooth surface are evenly distributed on the bottom surface of the brake caliper.

[0017] Furthermore, the pneumatic compensator includes a tube fixedly connected to the frame, a pneumatic rod is slidably connected to the inner wall of the tube, an air intake cavity is arranged between the bottom surface of the pneumatic rod and the tube, the air intake cavities in the two pneumatic compensators are connected through a ventilation pipe, a limit spring is sleeved on the pneumatic rod and at a position corresponding to the inside of the tube, the air intake cavity is connected to the auxiliary wheel component, and a pressure relief valve is connected to the air intake cavity.

[0018] The beneficial effect of adopting the above further scheme is that when the displacement amplitude of the wheel in the braking state does not exceed the set amplitude, under the action of the limit spring, the distance between the guard frame and the wheel frame is kept fixed; when the displacement amplitude of the wheel in the braking state exceeds the set value, under the driving action of the auxiliary wheel assembly, the guard frame moves up, and the brake caliper and the lock caliper lose the braking effect on the brake disc, so that after the wheel is forced to displace a specified amplitude in the braking state, the braking effect on the wheel can be lost in a controlled state, thereby realizing the wear protection of the wheel; when the wheel is in the normal working mode, the pressure relief valve is normally open, and when the wheel is stationary, the pressure relief valve is normally closed; The cam is provided with a spring which is adapted to move the air filter element into and out of the air filter element, and the cam is provided with a spring which is adapted to move the air filter element into and out of the air filter element.

[0019] The beneficial effect of adopting the above further solution is that when the brake needs to have the wheel anti-wear protection function, the electromagnetic air valve is closed and the air pressure in the booster cylinder is not discharged; when the brake needs not to have the wheel anti-wear function, the electromagnetic air valve is opened and the air pressure in the booster cylinder is discharged; When the wheel is braked, the auxiliary wheel is in close contact with the ground under the action of the telescopic tube and the pressure-relief spring. After the auxiliary wheel is in close contact with the ground, when the wheel is forcibly displaced in a specified direction, the auxiliary wheel in the specified direction rotates. After the auxiliary wheel in the specified direction rotates, the pump barrel is driven to deliver air to the inside of the air inlet chamber in one direction. After the inside of the air inlet chamber is delivered with air in one direction, the pneumatic compensator is driven to work. By controlling the screw-in depth of the pressure regulating column, the exhaust pressure of the boost cylinder and the self-starting threshold of the pneumatic compensator or the wheel anti-wear function can be adjusted.

[0020] Furthermore, the one-way pump air assembly includes a pump shaft rotatably connected to the pump barrel, a group of pump blades distributed in a circular array are installed on the pump shaft and at a position corresponding to the inner side of the pump barrel, a one-way air intake valve is fixedly installed on the pump barrel, the pump shaft is connected to the secondary wheel through a chain belt, a one-way wheel is installed on the pump shaft, a one-way claw that cooperates with the one-way wheel is hinged on the pressure arm and at a position adjacent to the one-way wheel, and a torsion spring is fixedly arranged at the hinge between the one-way claw and the pressure arm.

[0021] The beneficial effect of adopting the above further solution is that, during operation, the one-way claw is provided so that the two pump shafts can rotate in different directions, and during operation, the pump shaft can only rotate in a specified direction under the action of the one-way claw; By setting the torsion spring, the one-way claw has a tendency to automatically lean against the one-way wheel, thereby realizing one-way self-locking in the rotation direction of the one-way wheel.

[0022] Furthermore, a wheel is fixedly mounted on the wheel axle, and the two auxiliary wheel components are respectively arranged on both sides of the wheel. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an automatic parking brake for a heavy-duty unloading vehicle of the present invention; Figure 2 For the present invention Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the local enlarged structure at point A in the middle; Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the local enlarged structure at B in the middle; Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the local enlarged structure at C in the middle; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first tooth surface and the second tooth surface of the present invention; Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram of the elastic limiter and the pump barrel of the present invention; Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 6 A schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of ; Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the local enlarged structure at D in the middle; Fig. 9 It is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the brake pressure pipe and the transmission screw rod of the present invention; Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the pump barrel and valve seat of the present invention.

[0024] In the accompanying drawings, the components represented by the reference numerals are listed as follows: 1. Frame; 2. Guard frame; 3. Active pressure frame; 4. Elastic pressure frame; 5. Wheel axle; 6. Single chip microcomputer; 7. Elastic limiter; 8. Electromagnet; 9. Magnetic column; 10. Elastic pressure member; 11. Brake disc; 12. Motor; 13. Brake pressure pipe; 14. First tooth surface; 15. Transmission screw; 16. Locking caliper; 17. Compensation spring; 18. Speed ​​sensor; 19. Second tooth surface; 20. Brake caliper; 21. Locking teeth; 22. Tube; 23. Pneumatic rod; 24. Limit spring; 25. Pressure arm; 26. Telescopic tube; 27. Pressure relief spring; 28. Auxiliary wheel; 29. ​​Pump barrel; 30. Booster cylinder; 31. Valve seat; 32. Pressure regulating column; 33. Pressure supply spring; 34. Flexible connecting pipe; 35. One-way air outlet valve; 36. Solenoid air valve; 37. Air pressure probe; 38. Pump shaft; 39. Pump blade; 40. One-way air inlet valve; 41. One-way pulley; 42. One-way claw; 43. Wheel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The principles and features of the present invention are described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The examples given are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0026] The present invention provides the following preferred embodiments like Figure 1-10 As shown, an automatic parking brake for a heavy-duty unloading vehicle comprises a vehicle frame 1, a guard frame 2, an active pressure frame 3 and an elastic pressure frame 4, wherein the vehicle frame 1 is connected to the heavy-duty unloading vehicle; The frame 1 is rotatably connected to a wheel axle 5, and a wheel 43 is fixedly mounted on the wheel axle 5; A single chip computer 6 is fixedly mounted on the vehicle frame 1, and two pneumatic compensation components are installed between the vehicle frame 1 and the guard frame 2; The pneumatic compensator includes a tube 22 fixedly connected to the frame 1, a pneumatic rod 23 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the tube 22, an air intake cavity is arranged between the bottom surface of the pneumatic rod 23 and the tube 22, the air intake cavities in the two pneumatic compensators are connected through a vent pipe, a limit spring 24 is sleeved on the pneumatic rod 23 and at a position corresponding to the inside of the tube 22, the air intake cavity is connected to the auxiliary wheel component, and a pressure relief valve is connected to the air intake cavity.

[0027] When the displacement amplitude of the wheel 43 in the braking state does not exceed the set amplitude, under the action of the limit spring 24, the distance between the guard frame 2 and the wheel frame is kept fixed. When the displacement amplitude of the wheel 43 in the braking state exceeds the set value, under the driving action of the auxiliary wheel assembly, the guard frame 2 moves up, and the brake caliper 20 and the lock caliper 16 lose the braking effect on the brake disc 11, so that the wheel 43 can lose the braking effect on the wheel 43 in a controlled state after being forced to displace a specified amplitude in the braking state, thereby realizing wear protection for the wheel 43. When the wheel 43 is in the normal working mode, the pressure relief valve is normally open, and when the wheel 43 is stationary, the pressure relief valve is normally closed; A set of elastic limiters 7 is installed between the guard frame 2 and the active pressure frame 3; The elastic limiter 7 comprises a T-shaped guide rod fixed on the active pressure frame 3 , the T-shaped guide rod is slidably connected to the guard frame 2 , and a compression spring is sleeved on the T-shaped guide rod and at a position corresponding to the position between the guard frame 2 and the active pressure frame 3 .

[0028] When the electromagnet 8 is in a charging state and generates magnetic force, the electromagnet 8 and the magnetic suction column 9 are sufficiently close to each other. After the electromagnet 8 and the magnetic suction column 9 are sufficiently close to each other, the distance between the guard frame 2 and the active pressure frame 3 is kept to a minimum, and the compression spring is in a compressed state; When the electromagnet 8 is in a power-off state, the electromagnet 8 is powered off and loses its magnetic force. Under the action of the compression spring, the active pressure frame 3 moves down fully. After the active pressure frame 3 moves down fully, the electromagnetic brake assembly is driven to work.

[0029] A group of electromagnets 8 are installed on the bottom surface of the guard frame 2, and a magnetic suction column 9 is installed on the active pressure frame 3 and at the position corresponding to each electromagnet 8; The magnetic column 9 is made of iron; The electromagnet 8 generates magnetism when it is powered on and loses its magnetism when it is powered off; A group of elastic pressure members 10 are installed between the active pressure frame 3 and the elastic pressure frame 4; The elastic pressure member 10 includes a T-shaped pressure rod fixedly connected to the elastic pressure frame 4, the T-shaped pressure rod is slidably connected to the active pressure frame 3, and the T-shaped pressure rod is provided with a pressure spring corresponding to the position between the active pressure frame 3 and the elastic pressure frame 4. The axial direction of the T-shaped pressure rod is the same as the axial direction of the T-shaped guide rod, and the axial direction of the T-shaped pressure rod is perpendicular to the axial direction of the wheel axle 5.

[0030] When the active pressure frame 3 is fully moved downward, the elastic pressure member 10 is arranged so that the brake caliper 20 in the electromagnetic brake assembly can be accurately clamped on the second tooth surface 19, thereby effectively braking and limiting the brake disc 11; A brake disc 11 is provided on the wheel axle 5, and an electronic brake component and an electromagnetic brake component are respectively provided on the brake disc 11. Two auxiliary wheel components are installed between the active pressure frame 3 and the frame 1, and the two auxiliary wheel components are respectively connected to two pneumatic compensation components; The two auxiliary wheel components are respectively arranged on both sides of the wheel 43 .

[0031] The electronic brake assembly includes a motor 12 installed on the frame 1, a brake pressure pipe 13 slidably connected to the frame 1, and a first tooth surface 14 arranged on the brake disc 11. A transmission screw 15 is fixedly installed on the output shaft end of the motor 12, and the transmission screw 15 is transmission-connected to the brake pressure pipe 13. A locking caliper 16 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the brake pressure pipe 13. A pressure-compensating spring 17 is installed between the locking caliper 16 and the brake pressure pipe 13. A speed sensor 18 for monitoring the rotation speed of the wheel axle 5 is fixedly installed on the frame 1, and the data end of the speed sensor 18 is data-connected to the single-chip computer 6.

[0032] During operation, the speed sensor 18 is used to monitor the rotation speed of the axle 5 in real time. When the speed sensor 18 detects that the rotation speed of the axle 5 is zero, the motor 12 automatically works and eventually causes the locking caliper 16 to engage with the first tooth surface 14, thereby accurately braking the brake disc 11. When the electromagnet 8 is energized, the locking caliper 16 automatically resets to its initial state, thereby losing the braking effect on the brake disc 11.

[0033] The electromagnetic brake assembly includes a second tooth surface 19 arranged on the brake disc 11 , and a brake caliper 20 is installed on the bottom surface of the elastic pressure frame 4 . The bottom surface of the brake caliper 20 is evenly distributed with a group of regularly distributed locking teeth 21 that cooperate with the second tooth surface 19 .

[0034] The auxiliary wheel component includes a pressure arm 25 hinged to the frame 1, a telescopic tube 26 is hinged between the pressure arm 25 and the elastic pressure frame 4, the telescopic section of the telescopic tube 26 is sleeved with a pressure relief spring 27, the bottom of the pressure arm 25 is rotatably connected to a secondary wheel 28, a pump barrel 29 is fixedly installed on the pressure arm 25, a one-way pump air assembly driven by the secondary wheel 28 is installed in the pump barrel 29, the top surface of the pump barrel 29 is fixedly connected to a booster barrel 30, the inner wall of the booster barrel 30 is slidably connected to a valve seat 31, and the top screw of the booster barrel 30 is screwed to the bottom of the booster barrel 30. A pressure regulating column 32 is connected with the groove, and a pressure spring 33 is installed between the pressure regulating column 32 and the valve seat 31. A flexible connecting pipe 34 is fixedly connected to the boosting cylinder 30. The two flexible connecting pipes 34 in the two auxiliary wheel assemblies are fixedly connected to the air inlet chambers in the two pneumatic compensation parts respectively. A one-way air outlet valve 35 is fixedly installed on the flexible connecting pipe 34. An electromagnetic air valve 36 and an air pressure probe 37 for monitoring the internal air pressure of the boosting cylinder 30 are installed on the boosting cylinder 30. The electromagnetic air valve 36 and the air pressure probe 37 are both electrically connected to the single-chip computer 6.

[0035] When the brake needs to have the function of protecting the wheels 43 from wear, the electromagnetic valve 36 is closed, and the air pressure in the booster cylinder 30 is not discharged. When the brake does not need to have the function of protecting the wheels 43 from wear, the electromagnetic valve 36 is opened, and the air pressure in the booster cylinder 30 is discharged. When the wheel 43 is braked, the auxiliary wheel 28 is pressed against the ground under the action of the telescopic tube 26 and the pressure-relieving spring 27. After the auxiliary wheel 28 is pressed against the ground, when the wheel 43 is forcibly displaced in a specified direction, the auxiliary wheel 28 in the specified direction rotates. After the auxiliary wheel 28 in the specified direction rotates, the pump barrel 29 is driven to deliver air to the inside of the air inlet chamber in one direction. After the inside of the air inlet chamber is delivered with air in one direction, the pneumatic compensator is driven to work. By controlling the screwing depth of the pressure regulating column 32, the exhaust pressure of the boost cylinder 30 and the self-starting threshold of the pneumatic compensating part or the anti-wear function of the wheel 43 can be adjusted.

[0036] The one-way air pumping assembly includes a pump shaft 38 rotatably connected to the pump barrel 29, a group of pump blades 39 distributed in a circular array are installed on the pump shaft 38 and at a position corresponding to the inner side of the pump barrel 29, a one-way air intake valve 40 is fixedly installed on the pump barrel 29, the pump shaft 38 is transmission-connected to the secondary wheel 28 through a chain belt, a one-way pulley 41 is installed on the pump shaft 38, a one-way claw 42 cooperating with the one-way pulley 41 is hinged on the pressure arm 25 and at a position adjacent to the one-way pulley 41, and a torsion spring is fixedly arranged at the hinge between the one-way claw 42 and the pressure arm 25.

[0037] During operation, the one-way claw 42 is provided so that the two pump shafts 38 can rotate in different directions, and during operation, the pump shaft 38 can only rotate in a specified direction under the action of the one-way claw 42; By setting the torsion spring, the one-way claw 42 has a tendency to automatically lean against the one-way wheel 41, thereby realizing one-way self-locking in the rotation direction of the one-way wheel 41.

[0038] In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms “center”, “longitudinal”, “lateral”, “length”, “width”, “thickness”, “up”, “down”, “front”, “back”, “left”, “right”, “vertical”, “horizontal”, “top”, “bottom”, “inside”, “outside”, “clockwise”, “counterclockwise”, “axial”, “radial”, “circumferential”, etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0039] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0040] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic parking brake for a heavy-duty unloading vehicle, comprising a vehicle frame (1), a guard frame (2), an active pressure frame (3) and an elastic pressure frame (4), wherein the vehicle frame (1) is connected to the heavy-duty unloading vehicle, a wheel axle (5) is rotatably connected to the vehicle frame (1), and a single-chip computer (6) is fixedly mounted on the vehicle frame (1), characterized in that: Two pneumatic compensating parts are installed between the vehicle frame (1) and the guard frame (2); a group of elastic limiters (7) are installed between the guard frame (2) and the active pressure frame (3); a group of electromagnets (8) are installed on the bottom surface of the guard frame (2); a magnetic suction column (9) is installed on the active pressure frame (3) and at the position corresponding to each electromagnet (8); a group of elastic pressure members (10) is installed between the active pressure frame (3) and the elastic pressure frame (4); a brake disc (11) is provided on the wheel axle (5); an electronic brake assembly and an electromagnetic brake assembly are respectively provided on the brake disc (11); two auxiliary wheel components are installed between the active pressure frame (3) and the vehicle frame (1); the two auxiliary wheel components are respectively connected to the two pneumatic compensating parts; The elastic limiting member (7) comprises a T-shaped guide rod fixed on the active pressure frame (3), the T-shaped guide rod is slidably connected to the guard frame (2), and a compression spring is sleeved on the T-shaped guide rod and at a position corresponding to the position between the guard frame (2) and the active pressure frame (3); The elastic pressure member (10) comprises a T-shaped pressure rod fixedly connected to the elastic pressure frame (4), the T-shaped pressure rod is slidably connected to the active pressure frame (3), the T-shaped pressure rod is sleeved with a pressure spring at a position corresponding to the position between the active pressure frame (3) and the elastic pressure frame (4), the axis direction of the T-shaped pressure rod is the same as the axis direction of the T-shaped guide rod, and the axis direction of the T-shaped pressure rod is perpendicular to the axis direction of the wheel axle (5); The electronic brake assembly comprises a motor (12) mounted on a vehicle frame (1), a brake pressure pipe (13) slidably connected to the vehicle frame (1), and a first tooth surface (14) arranged on a brake disc (11); a transmission screw (15) is fixedly mounted on the output shaft end of the motor (12); the transmission screw (15) is transmission-connected to the brake pressure pipe (13); a locking caliper (16) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the brake pressure pipe (13); a pressure-compensating spring (17) is installed between the locking caliper (16) and the brake pressure pipe (13); a speed sensor (18) for monitoring the rotation speed of the wheel axle (5) is fixedly mounted on the vehicle frame (1); a data end of the speed sensor (18) is data-connected to the single-chip computer (6); The electromagnetic brake assembly comprises a second tooth surface (19) arranged on the brake disc (11); a brake caliper (20) is installed on the bottom surface of the elastic pressure frame (4); and a group of regularly distributed locking teeth (21) cooperating with the second tooth surface (19) are evenly distributed on the bottom surface of the brake caliper (20); The pneumatic compensating component comprises a tube (22) fixedly connected to the vehicle frame (1); a pneumatic rod (23) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the tube (22); an air intake cavity is arranged between the bottom surface of the pneumatic rod (23) and the tube (22); the air intake cavities in the two pneumatic compensating components are connected via a vent pipe; a limit spring (24) is sleeved on the pneumatic rod (23) and at a position corresponding to the inside of the tube (22); the air intake cavity is connected to the auxiliary wheel component; and a pressure relief valve is connected to the air intake cavity.

2. The automatic parking brake of a heavy-duty dump truck according to claim 1, characterized in that: The auxiliary wheel component comprises a pressure arm (25) hinged to the frame (1), a telescopic tube (26) is hinged between the pressure arm (25) and the elastic pressure frame (4), the telescopic section of the telescopic tube (26) is sleeved with a pressure relief spring (27), the bottom of the pressure arm (25) is rotatably connected to a secondary wheel (28), a pump barrel (29) is fixedly mounted on the pressure arm (25), a one-way pump air assembly driven by the secondary wheel (28) is installed in the pump barrel (29), the top surface of the pump barrel (29) is fixedly connected to a booster barrel (30), the inner wall of the booster barrel (30) is slidably connected to a valve seat (31), and the booster barrel (30) is rotatably connected to a valve seat (31). ) is threadedly connected to the top of the booster cylinder (30) with a pressure regulating column (32), a pressure supply spring (33) is installed between the pressure regulating column (32) and the valve seat (31), a flexible connecting pipe (34) is fixedly connected to the booster cylinder (30), two flexible connecting pipes (34) in the two auxiliary wheel assemblies are respectively fixedly connected to the air inlet chambers in the two pneumatic compensation parts, a one-way air outlet valve (35) is fixedly installed on the flexible connecting pipe (34), an electromagnetic valve (36) and an air pressure probe (37) for monitoring the internal air pressure of the booster cylinder (30) are installed on the booster cylinder (30), and the electromagnetic valve (36) and the air pressure probe (37) are both electrically connected to the single-chip computer (6).

3. The automatic parking brake of a heavy-duty dump truck according to claim 2, characterized in that: The one-way pump air assembly comprises a pump shaft (38) rotatably connected to a pump barrel (29); a group of pump blades (39) distributed in a circumferential array are installed on the pump shaft (38) and at positions corresponding to the inner side of the pump barrel (29); a one-way air intake valve (40) is fixedly installed on the pump barrel (29); the pump shaft (38) is transmission-connected to the secondary wheel (28) via a chain belt; a one-way pulley (41) is installed on the pump shaft (38); a one-way claw (42) cooperating with the one-way pulley (41) is hingedly connected on the pressure arm (25) and at a position adjacent to the one-way claw (41); a torsion spring is fixedly provided at the hinge between the one-way claw (42) and the pressure arm (25).

4. The automatic parking brake of a heavy-duty dump truck according to claim 3, characterized in that: A wheel (43) is fixedly mounted on the wheel axle (5), and the two auxiliary wheel components are respectively arranged on both sides of the wheel (43).

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