Integrated device for efficiently preparing water-limited activated carbon and operation method of integrated device

Abstract

The invention provides an integrated device for efficiently preparing water-limited activated carbon and an operation method of the integrated device, and belongs to the technical field of activated carbon preparation. Comprising an activated carbon degassing chamber, a steam chamber and a limited water activated carbon stabilizing chamber which are sequentially connected end to end, an activated carbon storage assembly connected with the activated carbon degassing chamber, and a steam circulating system connected with the steam chamber, on the premise that the preparation efficiency of the limited water activated carbon is improved, the integrated preparation of the limited water activated carbon is realized, the preparation time can be effectively shortened, the power consumption, steam and energy consumption required by the preparation of the limited water activated carbon are reduced, compared with the prior art, the integrated equipment is small in size, the preparation efficiency of the limited water activated carbon is high, and the cost is low under the condition of low energy consumption. And the stable, economic and efficient preparation effect is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of activated carbon preparation, and specifically relates to an integrated device for efficiently preparing water-limited activated carbon and an operation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Perfluorinated and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) have good chemical stability and heat resistance, and are suitable for a variety of industrial fields, such as electroplating, home textiles, fire foam, cookware, pesticides, etc. PFAS have been widely used for nearly 70 years, causing widespread pollution around the world. They have been found in rivers, seawater, rainwater, and bottled water in some remote areas. Due to its unique chemical properties, PFAS is difficult to metabolize in organisms, has bioaccumulation and toxicity, and is difficult to remove by traditional treatment methods. The adsorption process has the corresponding advantages of high treatment efficiency, wide application range, and low cost, and is the preferred solution to solve the global perfluorinated compound crisis. However, affected by the hydrophobic effect, the efficiency of traditional activated carbon adsorption for PFAS treatment decreases significantly with chain length (long chain: 91%> short chain: 64%> ultra-short chain: -1%~32%), resulting in the adsorption process of ultra-short chain and short chain PFAS being easily affected by long chain or other coexisting pollutants. Therefore, getting rid of the hydrophobic-dominated mass transfer process and improving the affinity of adsorbent materials for ultra-short chain and short chain PFAS has become an urgent need for current technical applications.

[0003] In recent years, the activated carbon modification method based on the new confined water enhancement technology has abandoned the traditional modification scheme and taken getting rid of the hydrophobic-dominated adsorption process as the main goal. It improves the adsorption efficiency of traditional adsorbent materials for ultra-short chain and short-chain PFAS in a reagent-free and low-cost manner, providing a practical solution for the efficient removal of ultra-short chain and short-chain PFAS in drinking water [Shi, Y., Mu, H., You, J., Han, C., Cheng, H., Wang, J., Hu, H., Ren, H. 2023. Confined water–encapsulated activated carbon for capturing short-chain perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances from drinking water. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America (PNAS), 120(27), e2219179120]. Confined water refers to water molecules that are restricted in a certain space and cannot flow freely. It is widely present in chemical, biological, material and geological systems [Chakraborty S, Kumar H, Dasgupta C, et al. Confined water: Structure, dynamics, and thermodynamics [J]. Accounts of Chemical Research, 2017, 50 (9): 2139-2146]. When the size of the space is limited to a few nanometers or even < 1 nanometer, the hydrogen bond network structure of water molecules changes significantly, thus showing different structural, thermodynamic and kinetic properties from liquid water [Qian J, Gao X, and Pan B. Nanoconfinement-mediated water treatment: From fundamental to application [J]. Environmental Science and Technology, 2020, 54 (14): 8509-8526].Recently, studies have found that confined water can be used as a "super adsorbent" to adsorb pollutants in water [Sun Y, Yu F, LiC, et al. Nano- / micro-confined water in graphene hydrogel as super adsorbentsfor water purification[J]. Nano-Micro Letters, 2019, 12(1): 2.], which can significantly improve the adsorption efficiency of commercial adsorbents for hydrophilic (ultra) short-chain PFAS and achieve green upgrades of activated carbon adsorption columns in different real scenarios.

[0004] However, the preparation process of water-restricted activated carbon is complicated and time-consuming. It takes four steps and more than three days to prepare water-restricted activated carbon, which greatly limits the application of water-restricted activated carbon. Therefore, it is of great significance to develop an integrated device and method for the efficient preparation of water-restricted activated carbon, shorten the preparation process of water-restricted activated carbon, and reduce the preparation time. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides an integrated device for efficiently preparing limited water activated carbon and an operating method thereof.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is: an integrated device for efficiently preparing water-limited activated carbon, comprising an activated carbon degassing chamber, a water vapor chamber and a water-limited activated carbon stabilization chamber connected end to end, an activated carbon storage assembly connected to the activated carbon degassing chamber, and a steam circulation system connected to the water vapor chamber;

[0007] The side wall of the activated carbon degassing chamber is connected to a vacuum pump, a vacuum detector, a time and vacuum regulator, and a pressure sensor are installed on the activated carbon degassing chamber, and a humidity monitor and a thermometer are connected to the water vapor chamber;

[0008] The restricted water activated carbon stabilization chamber is a closed single chamber, and a mechanical oscillator is placed at the bottom of the restricted water activated carbon stabilization chamber, and an oscillation regulator is connected to the restricted water activated carbon stabilization chamber;

[0009] The steam circulation system comprises a steam generator, a steam main pipe for connecting the steam generator and a water vapor chamber, a steam circulation pipe arranged between the steam main pipe and the water vapor chamber, and a steam circulation pump arranged on the steam circulation pipe.

[0010] Furthermore, a heating zone, a degassing zone and a cooling zone are sequentially provided inside the activated carbon degassing chamber from left to right, and the heating zone and the degassing zone as well as the degassing zone and the cooling zone are connected by through-holes. A feed inlet is provided on the side wall of the heating zone, and a discharge port is provided on the side wall of the cooling zone. A feed track driven by an external power device is provided between the feed inlet, each of the through-holes and the discharge port, a feed cylinder is placed on the feed track, and an adjustment port and a one-way air outlet are provided on the feed cylinder.

[0011] Description: When the activated carbon is degassed in the activated carbon degassing chamber, the activated carbon in the activated carbon storage assembly is added to the feed tube through the regulating port, and the feed tube is placed on the feed track. The feed track driven by the external power equipment drives the feed tube through the inlet into the heating zone. In the heating zone, the high temperature treatment removes the moisture and volatile substances on the surface and pores of the activated carbon. The feed tube is driven by the feed track to enter the degassing zone through the through port, and the first degassing treatment is carried out under a vacuum environment to further remove the gas and residual volatile substances in the pores of the activated carbon. The feed tube is continued to be driven by the feed track through the through port into the cooling zone. This is mainly to stabilize the structure of the activated carbon and prevent the physical and chemical changes that may occur after high temperature treatment, such as shrinkage or occlusion of the pore structure, to maintain the stability of the pore structure of the activated carbon, to ensure that it has good adsorption and selectivity, and low temperature treatment can also prevent possible oxidation and extend the service life of the activated carbon. Finally, the feed tube is driven by the feed track to move out through the discharge port.

[0012] Furthermore, a first reciprocating material guiding assembly is provided in the temperature rising zone, and the first reciprocating material guiding assembly includes a sliding mounting plate provided on the left and right sides of the temperature rising zone and capable of sliding up and down along the inner wall of the temperature rising zone, a hydraulic cylinder provided on the sliding mounting plate, and two clamping frames connected to and relatively distributed with the corresponding hydraulic cylinders; a second reciprocating material guiding assembly is provided in the temperature falling zone, and the structure of the second reciprocating material guiding assembly is the same as that of the first reciprocating material guiding assembly.

[0013] Description: When the feed barrel enters the heating zone, slide the two sliding mounting plates downward until the corresponding two clamping frames are located on the left and right sides of the feed barrel. The two clamping frames are clamped on both sides of the feed barrel by the extension of the hydraulic cylinder. Then, control one of the hydraulic cylinders to repeat compression and extension, and control the movement direction of the other hydraulic cylinder to be opposite, that is, repeat extension and compression, thereby driving the feed barrel to repeatedly move left and right, which can ensure that the activated carbon is evenly distributed in the feed barrel, avoid local overheating or uneven heating, and ensure that all activated carbon particles can fully contact the heat source, thereby evenly removing moisture and volatile substances. When the feed barrel enters the cooling zone, the second reciprocating material guide assembly is used to cool down in the same way.

[0014] Furthermore, the conveying cylinder includes a relatively distributed left collecting cylinder and a right collecting cylinder, a plurality of horizontal movable tubes arranged between the left collecting cylinder and the right collecting cylinder and connected with the left collecting cylinder and the right collecting cylinder, the regulating port is arranged at the upper end of the left collecting cylinder, and the one-way air outlet is provided on both the left collecting cylinder and the right collecting cylinder.

[0015] Description: When the feed cylinder enters the temperature rising zone, the activated carbon in the activated carbon storage assembly enters the left collecting cylinder through the regulating port. When the hydraulic cylinder drives the feed cylinder to repeatedly move left and right, it will be evenly dispersed through each horizontal moving tube and repeatedly move between the left collecting cylinder, each horizontal moving tube and the right collecting cylinder. The dispersion of each horizontal moving tube increases the contact area between the activated carbon and the heating medium, accelerates the heat exchange process, is conducive to the rapid evaporation of moisture and volatile substances, improves the processing efficiency, and discharges the gas in the processing process through the one-way air outlet.

[0016] Furthermore, the activated carbon storage assembly includes an activated carbon storage chamber which is through-connected to the upper end of the activated carbon degassing chamber and is provided with a adding funnel at the upper end, a loosening stirring rod arranged in the activated carbon storage chamber, a quantitative dosing box arranged at the bottom end of the activated carbon storage chamber, and a rotating motor driving the loosening stirring rod to rotate, an automatic opening and closing plate is arranged in the quantitative dosing box, a gravity sensor is arranged in the automatic opening and closing plate, a discharge valve is arranged at the bottom end of the activated carbon storage chamber, the quantitative dosing box is located outside the discharge valve, an infrared detector is arranged at the bottom end of the quantitative dosing box, and a loosening tooth is arranged at the bottom end of the loosening stirring rod.

[0017] Description: Store spare activated carbon in the activated carbon storage chamber through the adding funnel. When it is necessary to add to the feeding cylinder in the activated carbon degassing chamber, open the discharge valve. At the same time, drive the loosening stirring rod to rotate through the rotating motor to stir and loosen the activated carbon at the bottom of the activated carbon storage chamber, so that the activated carbon can more easily pass through the discharge valve into the quantitative dosing box. When the activated carbon enters the quantitative dosing box, the weight of the added activated carbon is detected by the gravity sensor. Finally, the infrared detector detects that the regulating port at the upper end of the feeding cylinder is located at the bottom of the quantitative dosing box. Open the automatic opening and closing plate and add it to the feeding cylinder. By adding activated carbon in batches and accurately controlling the amount of activated carbon added each time, it can be ensured that each batch of activated carbon has enough contact time and space to fully contact with the pollutants in the water, thereby improving the overall adsorption efficiency.

[0018] Furthermore, an annular cleaning scraper is provided in the activated carbon storage chamber, and the annular cleaning scraper can slide up and down along the inner wall of the activated carbon storage chamber. A through jacket is provided at the center of the cleaning scraper and is sleeved on the outer wall of the loose material stirring rod. The upper end of the cleaning scraper is connected to the activated carbon storage chamber through an electric telescopic rod.

[0019] Description: When the inner wall of the activated carbon storage chamber needs to be cleaned, the electric telescopic rod drives the circular cleaning scraper to move up and down for scraping and cleaning, ensuring that the cleaning work is comprehensive and efficient, reducing the time and labor required for manual cleaning.

[0020] Furthermore, a cleaning brush ring is provided on the outer wall of the annular cleaning scraper, and the cleaning brush ring is a detachable structure.

[0021] Description: When the electric telescopic rod drives the annular cleaning scraper to move up and down, the inner wall of the activated carbon storage chamber is gently cleaned by the cleaning brush ring, which reduces the damage to the inner wall coating or material and improves the thoroughness of the cleaning. The cleaning brush ring is set as a detachable structure for easy replacement and to ensure the cleaning effect.

[0022] Furthermore, the steam circulation system also includes a steam dispersion plate, which is connected to the steam main pipe and a steam valve is provided at the connection point.

[0023] Note: When water vapor is introduced into the water vapor chamber, the steam is evenly dispersed through the steam dispersion plate. The water vapor can penetrate the activated carbon material more effectively, ensuring that each part can fully contact with the water vapor, thereby improving the efficiency of the activation process and the pore development of the activated carbon. Whether water vapor is introduced is controlled by the opening and closing of the steam valve.

[0024] Furthermore, the steam dispersion plate comprises a fixed annular plate, a movable mounting plate, and a folding adjustment sleeve for connecting the fixed annular plate and the movable mounting plate, and a plurality of dispersion ports are arranged on the movable mounting plate.

[0025] Description: When the steam dispersion plate is in use, the space between the fixed annular plate and the movable mounting plate is adjusted by folding the adjustment sleeve, so as to accurately control the speed and flow rate of the steam ejected from the dispersion port of the movable mounting plate, thereby optimizing the distribution of the steam in the treatment area and ensuring uniform heating or activation process of the activated carbon.

[0026] A method for efficiently preparing water-limited activated carbon, based on the above-mentioned integrated device for efficiently preparing water-limited activated carbon, comprises the following steps:

[0027] S1. Add the activated carbon in the activated carbon storage assembly to the activated carbon degassing chamber in a quantitative manner, turn on the vacuum pump, evacuate the activated carbon degassing chamber to a vacuum state, and vacuum degas the activated carbon to remove adsorbed water and air, wherein the vacuum degree in the activated carbon degassing chamber is monitored in real time by a vacuum degree detector until the vacuum degree is ≤-0.1MPa, and the degassing time is recorded by a time and vacuum degree regulator until the degassing time is 2-6h;

[0028] S2. The activated carbon in the activated carbon degassing chamber is transferred to the closed environment of the water vapor chamber. The steam generator generates water vapor by heating. The generated water vapor is introduced into the water vapor chamber through the steam main pipe, so that the activated carbon is exposed to a closed high humidity environment. During this process, part of the water vapor flows back through the steam circulation pipe, and the steam circulation pump provides power for the steam circulation. The humidity in the water vapor chamber is monitored in real time by a humidity monitor to keep the internal humidity above 90%. The steam circulation lasts for 8-24 hours, and the activated carbon adsorbs water vapor until a constant weight is reached.

[0029] S3. Transfer the activated carbon in the water vapor chamber to the confined water activated carbon stabilization chamber, turn on the mechanical oscillator, and oscillate in pure water for 6-18 hours to promote the self-assembly process and stabilization of the confined water structure to form the final confined water activated carbon.

[0030] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0031] When in use, the integrated device for efficiently preparing water-restricted activated carbon of the present invention performs vacuum degassing on the activated carbon through an activated carbon degassing chamber to remove adsorbed water and air, places the activated carbon in a closed high-humidity environment through a water vapor chamber, and adsorbs water vapor until a constant weight is reached, and performs a closed oscillation balance through a water-restricted activated carbon stabilization chamber to promote the self-assembly process and stabilization of the restricted water structure to form the final water-restricted activated carbon. Under the premise of ensuring that the preparation efficiency of water-restricted activated carbon is improved, the integrated preparation of water-restricted activated carbon is achieved, which can effectively shorten the preparation time and reduce the electricity consumption, steam and energy consumption required for the preparation of water-restricted activated carbon. Compared with the prior art, the integrated equipment has a small size and a high efficiency in preparing water-restricted activated carbon, and a stable, economical and efficient preparation effect is achieved under low energy consumption conditions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the activated carbon degassing chamber of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the feeding tube of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an activated carbon storage assembly of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 5 is a top view of the annular cleaning blade of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 6 is a plan view of a vapor dispersion plate of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 7It is a perspective view of the vapor dispersion plate of the present invention.

[0039] Among them, 1-activated carbon degassing chamber, 10-vacuum pump, 11-vacuum degree detector, 12-time and vacuum degree regulator, 13-pressure sensor, 14-heating zone, 140-feeding port, 15-degassing zone, 16-cooling zone, 160-discharge port, 161-second round-trip material guide assembly, 17-through port, 18-feeding track, 180-feeding cylinder, 181-adjusting port, 182-one-way air outlet, 183-left collecting cylinder, 184-right collecting cylinder, 185-horizontal moving pipe, 19-first round-trip material guide assembly, 190-sliding mounting plate, 191-hydraulic cylinder, 192-clamping frame, 2-water vapor chamber, 20-humidity monitor, 21-thermometer, 3-limited water activated carbon stabilization chamber, 30-mechanical oscillator , 31-oscillation regulator, 4-activated carbon storage assembly, 40-activated carbon storage chamber, 400-addition funnel, 401-discharge valve, 41-loosening stirring rod, 410-loosening teeth, 42-quantitative dosing box, 420-automatic opening and closing plate, 421-gravity sensor, 422-infrared detector, 43-rotating motor, 44-annular cleaning scraper, 440-through jacket, 441-electric telescopic rod, 442-cleaning brush ring, 5-steam circulation system, 50-steam generator, 51-steam main pipe, 52-steam circulation pipe, 53-steam circulation pump, 54-steam dispersion plate, 540-steam valve, 541-fixed annular plate, 542-movable mounting plate, 543-folding adjustment sleeve, 544-dispersion port. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] In order to further understand the content of the present invention, the present invention is described in detail below through examples.

[0041] Example 1: Figure 1 As shown, an integrated device for efficiently preparing water-limited activated carbon comprises an activated carbon degassing chamber 1, a water vapor chamber 2 and a water-limited activated carbon stabilization chamber 3 connected end to end, an activated carbon storage assembly 4 connected to the activated carbon degassing chamber 1, and a steam circulation system 5 connected to the water vapor chamber 2, wherein the activated carbon storage assembly 4 adopts an existing box structure;

[0042] A vacuum pump 10 is connected to the side wall of the activated carbon degassing chamber 1, a vacuum detector 11, a time and vacuum regulator 12, and a pressure sensor 13 are installed on the activated carbon degassing chamber 1, and a humidity monitor 20 and a thermometer 21 are connected to the water vapor chamber 2, wherein the vacuum pump 10, the vacuum detector 11, the time and vacuum regulator 12, the pressure sensor 13, the humidity monitor 20, and the thermometer 21 all adopt the existing technology;

[0043] The restricted water activated carbon stabilization chamber 3 is a closed single chamber, and a mechanical oscillator 30 is placed at the bottom of the restricted water activated carbon stabilization chamber 3, and an oscillation regulator 31 is connected to the restricted water activated carbon stabilization chamber 3, wherein the mechanical oscillator 30 and the oscillation regulator 31 both adopt the existing technology;

[0044] The steam circulation system 5 includes a steam generator 50, a steam main pipe 51 for connecting the steam generator 50 and the water vapor chamber 2, a steam circulation pipe 52 arranged between the steam main pipe 51 and the water vapor chamber 2, and a steam circulation pump 53 arranged on the steam circulation pipe 52, wherein the steam generator 50 and the steam circulation pump 53 both adopt existing technologies.

[0045] Example 2: This example describes a method for efficiently preparing water-restricted activated carbon. An integrated device for efficiently preparing water-restricted activated carbon based on Example 1 includes the following steps:

[0046] S1. Add the activated carbon in the activated carbon storage assembly 4 to the activated carbon degassing chamber 1 in a quantitative manner, turn on the vacuum pump 10, evacuate the activated carbon degassing chamber 1 to a vacuum state, and perform vacuum degassing on the activated carbon to remove adsorbed water and air, wherein the vacuum degree in the activated carbon degassing chamber 1 is monitored in real time by a vacuum degree detector 11 until the vacuum degree is -0.1 MPa, and the degassing time is recorded by a time and vacuum degree regulator 12 until the degassing time is 2 hours;

[0047] S2, the activated carbon in the activated carbon degassing chamber 1 is transferred to the closed environment of the water vapor chamber 2, the steam generator 50 generates water vapor by heating, and the generated water vapor is passed into the water vapor chamber 2 through the steam main pipe 51, so that the activated carbon is exposed to a closed high humidity environment. In this process, part of the water vapor flows back through the steam circulation pipe 52, and the steam circulation pump 53 provides power for the steam circulation, wherein the humidity in the water vapor chamber 2 is monitored in real time by the humidity monitor 20, so that the internal humidity is maintained above 90%, the steam circulates for 8 hours, and the activated carbon adsorbs water vapor until a constant weight is reached;

[0048] S3. The activated carbon in the water vapor chamber 2 is transferred to the confined water activated carbon stabilization chamber 3, and the mechanical oscillator 30 is turned on. The activated carbon is oscillated in pure water for 6 hours to promote the self-assembly process and stability of the confined water structure, thereby forming the final confined water activated carbon.

[0049] Embodiment 3: This embodiment differs from Embodiment 2 in that:

[0050] In step S1, the vacuum degree is -0.3 MPa and the degassing time is 4 h;

[0051] In step S2, the steam circulation time in the water vapor chamber 2 is monitored to be 15 hours;

[0052] In step S3, the activated carbon in the water vapor chamber 2 is transferred to the confined water activated carbon stabilization chamber 3, the mechanical oscillator 30 is turned on, and the activated carbon is oscillated in pure water for 12 hours.

[0053] Embodiment 4: This embodiment differs from Embodiment 2 in that:

[0054] In step S1, the vacuum degree is -0.5 MPa and the degassing time is 6 h;

[0055] In step S2, the steam circulation time in the water vapor chamber 2 is monitored to be 24 hours;

[0056] In step S3, the activated carbon in the water vapor chamber 2 is transferred to the confined water activated carbon stabilization chamber 3, the mechanical oscillator 30 is turned on, and the activated carbon is oscillated in pure water for 18 hours.

[0057] Embodiment 5:

[0058] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that: Figure 2 , 3 The activated carbon degassing chamber 1 is provided with a heating zone 14, a degassing zone 15 and a cooling zone 16 from left to right, and the heating zone 14 and the degassing zone 15 are connected with each other through a through hole 17, a feed inlet 140 is provided on the side wall of the heating zone 14, a discharge port 160 is provided on the side wall of the cooling zone 16, a feed track 18 driven by an external power device is provided between the feed inlet 140, each through hole 17 and the discharge port 160, a feed cylinder 180 is placed on the feed track 18, and an adjustment port 181 and a one-way air outlet 182 are provided on the feed cylinder 180, and a heating zone 14 and a degassing zone 15 are connected with each other through a through hole 17, and a heating zone 14 and a degassing zone 15 are connected with each other through a through hole 17, and a heating zone 14 and a degassing zone 15 are connected with each other through a through hole 17, and a heating zone 14 and a degassing zone 15 are connected with each other through a through hole 17, and a heating zone 14 and a degassing zone 15 are connected with each other through a through hole 17, and a degassing zone 16 ... In the temperature zone 14, the water and volatile substances on the surface and in the pores of the activated carbon are removed by high-temperature treatment. The first degassing treatment is carried out in the vacuum environment of the degassing zone 15 to further remove the gas and residual volatile substances in the pores of the activated carbon. The cooling zone 16 is mainly used to stabilize the structure of the activated carbon and prevent the physical and chemical changes that may occur after the high-temperature treatment, such as the shrinkage or occlusion of the pore structure, so as to maintain the stability of the pore structure of the activated carbon and ensure that it has good adsorption and selectivity. The low-temperature treatment can also prevent possible oxidation and extend the service life of the activated carbon. Among them, the feed track 18 adopts the existing technology;

[0059] The temperature rising zone 14 is provided with a first reciprocating material guiding assembly 19, which includes a sliding mounting plate 190 which is provided on the left and right sides of the temperature rising zone 14 and can slide up and down along the inner wall of the temperature rising zone 14, a hydraulic cylinder 191 provided on the sliding mounting plate 190, and two clamping frames 192 which are connected to and relatively distributed with the corresponding hydraulic cylinder 191. The temperature falling zone 16 is provided with a second reciprocating material guiding assembly 161, which has the same structure as the first reciprocating material guiding assembly 19, and controls one of the hydraulic cylinders 191. Repeated compression and extension, control the movement direction of another hydraulic cylinder 191 in the opposite direction, that is, repeated extension and compression, thereby driving the feed cylinder 180 to repeatedly move left and right, which can ensure that the activated carbon is evenly distributed in the feed cylinder, avoid local overheating or uneven heating, and ensure that all activated carbon particles can fully contact the heat source, thereby evenly removing moisture and volatile substances, and the feed cylinder 180 enters the cooling zone 16, and uses the second reciprocating material guide component 161 to cool down in the same way, wherein the hydraulic cylinder 191 adopts the existing technology;

[0060] The conveying barrel 180 includes a left collecting barrel 183 and a right collecting barrel 184 which are relatively distributed, a plurality of horizontal moving pipes 185 which are arranged between the left collecting barrel 183 and the right collecting barrel 184 and are connected to the left collecting barrel 183 and the right collecting barrel 184, a regulating port 181 is arranged at the upper end of the left collecting barrel 183, and a one-way air outlet 182 is arranged on the left collecting barrel 183 and the right collecting barrel 184. When the conveying barrel 180 enters the temperature rising zone 14, the activated carbon in the activated carbon storage assembly 4 is passed through the regulating port 181 into the left collecting barrel 183. In the collecting cylinder 183, when the hydraulic cylinder 191 drives the conveying cylinder 180 to repeatedly move left and right, the activated carbon will be evenly dispersed through the horizontal moving tubes 185, and repeatedly move between the left collecting cylinder 183, the horizontal moving tubes 185 and the right collecting cylinder 184. The dispersion of the horizontal moving tubes increases the contact area between the activated carbon and the heating medium, accelerates the heat exchange process, facilitates the rapid evaporation of moisture and volatile substances, improves the processing efficiency, and discharges the gas in the processing process through the one-way air outlet 182.

[0061] Embodiment 6: This embodiment differs from Embodiment 4 in that:

[0062] In step S1, when the activated carbon is degassed in the activated carbon degassing chamber 1, the activated carbon in the activated carbon storage assembly 4 is added to the feed tube 180 through the regulating port 181, and the feed tube 180 is placed on the feed track 18. The feed track 18 driven by an external power device drives the feed tube 180 to enter the heating zone 14 through the inlet 140. In the heating zone 14, the water and volatile substances on the surface and pores of the activated carbon are removed by high-temperature treatment. The feed tube 180 is driven by the feed track 18 to enter the degassing zone 15 through the through port 17, and the first degassing treatment is carried out under a vacuum environment. The feed tube 180 is continued to be driven by the feed track 18 to enter the cooling zone 16 through the through port 17, mainly to stabilize the structure of the activated carbon and keep the pore structure of the activated carbon stable. Finally, the feed tube 180 is driven by the feed track 18 to be moved out through the discharge port 160;

[0063] In step S1, after the feeding barrel 180 enters the heating zone 14, the two sliding mounting plates 190 are slid downward until the corresponding two clamping frames 192 are located at the left and right sides of the feeding barrel 180, and the two clamping frames 192 are clamped at the two sides of the feeding barrel 180 by the extension of the hydraulic cylinder 191. Then, one of the hydraulic cylinders 191 is controlled to repeat compression and extension, and the movement direction of the other hydraulic cylinder 191 is controlled to be opposite to that of the hydraulic cylinder 191, that is, to repeat extension and compression, thereby driving the feeding barrel 180 to repeatedly move left and right, and the feeding barrel 180 enters the cooling zone 16, and is cooled in the same way by the second reciprocating material guide assembly 161;

[0064] In step S1, after the delivery cylinder 180 enters the temperature rising zone 14, the activated carbon in the activated carbon storage assembly 4 enters the left collecting cylinder 183 through the regulating port 181. When the hydraulic cylinder 191 drives the delivery cylinder 180 to repeatedly move left and right, it will be evenly dispersed through each horizontal moving tube 185, and repeatedly move between the left collecting cylinder 183, each horizontal moving tube 185 and the right collecting cylinder 184, and the gas in the processing process will be discharged through the one-way air outlet 182.

[0065] Embodiment 7: This embodiment differs from Embodiment 5 in that: Figure 4 , 5As shown, the activated carbon storage assembly 4 includes an activated carbon storage chamber 40 which is connected to the upper end of the activated carbon degassing chamber 1 and is provided with a adding funnel 400 at the upper end, a loosening stirring rod 41 arranged in the activated carbon storage chamber 40, a quantitative dosing box 42 arranged at the bottom end of the activated carbon storage chamber 40, and a rotating motor 43 for driving the loosening stirring rod 41 to rotate, an automatic opening and closing plate 420 is arranged in the quantitative dosing box 42, and a gravity sensor 421 is arranged in the automatic opening and closing plate 420, a discharge valve 401 is arranged at the bottom end of the activated carbon storage chamber 40, the quantitative dosing box 42 is located outside the discharge valve 401, and an infrared detector 422 is arranged at the bottom end of the quantitative dosing box 42, and a loosening tooth 410 is arranged at the bottom end of the loosening stirring rod 41, and the loosening stirring rod 41 is driven to rotate by the rotating motor 43 to activate the activated carbon at the bottom end of the activated carbon storage chamber 40. The activated carbon is stirred to loosen the material, so that it is easier for the activated carbon to pass through the discharge valve 401 and enter the quantitative dosing box 42. When the activated carbon enters the quantitative dosing box 42, the weight of the added activated carbon is detected by the gravity sensor 421. Finally, the infrared detector 422 detects that the regulating port 181 at the upper end of the feeding cylinder 180 is located at the bottom of the quantitative dosing box 42. The automatic opening and closing plate 420 is opened to add it to the feeding cylinder 180. The activated carbon can be added in batches and the amount of activated carbon added each time can be accurately controlled to ensure that each batch of activated carbon has enough contact time and space to fully contact with the pollutants in the water, thereby improving the overall adsorption efficiency. Among them, the rotating motor 43, the automatic opening and closing plate 420, the gravity sensor 421, the discharge valve 401 and the infrared detector 422 all adopt existing technologies.

[0066] An annular cleaning scraper 44 is provided in the activated carbon storage chamber 40. The annular cleaning scraper 44 can slide up and down along the inner wall of the activated carbon storage chamber 40. A through jacket 440 is provided at the center of the cleaning scraper 44 and is sleeved on the outer wall of the loose material stirring rod 41. The upper end of the cleaning scraper 44 is connected to the activated carbon storage chamber 40 through an electric telescopic rod 441. When the inner wall of the activated carbon storage chamber 40 needs to be cleaned, the annular cleaning scraper 44 is driven up and down by the electric telescopic rod 441 to scrape and clean, thereby ensuring that the cleaning work is comprehensive and efficient, and reducing the time and labor required for manual cleaning. Among them, the electric telescopic rod 441 adopts the existing technology;

[0067] A cleaning brush ring 442 is provided on the outer wall of the annular cleaning scraper 44. The cleaning brush ring 442 is a detachable structure. When the electric telescopic rod 441 drives the annular cleaning scraper 44 to move up and down, the inner wall of the activated carbon storage chamber 40 is gently cleaned by the cleaning brush ring 442, thereby reducing damage to the inner wall coating or material and improving the thoroughness of the cleaning. The cleaning brush ring 442 is set as a detachable structure for easy replacement and to ensure the cleaning effect.

[0068] Embodiment 8: This embodiment differs from Embodiment 6 in that:

[0069] In step S1, when adding to the feed cylinder 180 in the activated carbon degassing chamber 1 is required, the discharge valve 401 is opened, and at the same time, the loosening stirring rod 41 is driven to rotate by the rotating motor 43 to stir and loosen the activated carbon at the bottom of the activated carbon storage chamber 40. When the activated carbon enters the quantitative dosing box 42, the weight of the added activated carbon is detected by the gravity sensor 421. Finally, the infrared detector 422 detects that the regulating port 181 at the upper end of the feed cylinder 180 is located at the bottom of the quantitative dosing box 42, and the automatic opening and closing plate 420 is opened to add to the feed cylinder 180.

[0070] In step S1 , when the inner wall of the activated carbon storage chamber 40 needs to be cleaned, the annular cleaning scraper 44 is driven up and down by the electric telescopic rod 441 , and the inner wall of the activated carbon storage chamber 40 is gently cleaned by the cleaning brush ring 442 .

[0071] Embodiment 9: This embodiment differs from Embodiment 7 in that: Figure 6 , 7 As shown, the steam circulation system 5 also includes a steam dispersion plate 54, which is connected to the steam main pipe 51 and is provided with a steam valve 540 at the connection. When water vapor is introduced into the water vapor chamber 2, the steam is evenly dispersed through the steam dispersion plate 54, and the water vapor can more effectively penetrate the activated carbon material, ensuring that each part can be fully contacted with the water vapor, thereby improving the efficiency of the activation process and the pore development of the activated carbon. Whether the water vapor is introduced is controlled by opening and closing the steam valve 540, wherein the steam valve 540 adopts the existing technology;

[0072] The steam dispersion plate 54 includes a fixed annular plate 540, a movable mounting plate 541, and a folding adjustment sleeve 542 for connecting the fixed annular plate 540 and the movable mounting plate 541. The movable mounting plate 541 is provided with a plurality of dispersion ports 543. When the steam dispersion plate 54 is in use, the folding adjustment sleeve 542 is used to adjust the size of the space between the fixed annular plate 540 and the movable mounting plate 541, so as to accurately control the speed and flow rate of the steam ejected from the dispersion ports 543 of the movable mounting plate 541, thereby optimizing the distribution of the steam in the processing area and ensuring that the activated carbon is heated or activated evenly.

[0073] Embodiment 10: This embodiment differs from Embodiment 8 in that:

[0074] In step S2, when water vapor is introduced into the water vapor chamber 2, the steam is evenly dispersed through the steam dispersion plate 54. At the same time, the size of the space between the fixed annular plate 540 and the movable mounting plate 541 is adjusted by the folding adjustment sleeve 542, so as to accurately control the speed and flow rate of the steam ejected from the dispersion port 543 of the movable mounting plate 541.

Claims

1. An integrated device for efficiently preparing water-limited activated carbon, characterized in that: The invention comprises an activated carbon degassing chamber (1), a water vapor chamber (2) and a water-restricted activated carbon stabilization chamber (3) connected in sequence end to end, an activated carbon storage assembly (4) connected to the activated carbon degassing chamber (1), and a steam circulation system (5) connected to the water vapor chamber (2); A vacuum pump (10) is connected to the side wall of the activated carbon degassing chamber (1), a vacuum detector (11), a time and vacuum regulator (12) and a pressure sensor (13) are installed on the activated carbon degassing chamber (1), and a humidity monitor (20) and a thermometer (21) are connected to the water vapor chamber (2); The restricted water activated carbon stabilization chamber (3) is a closed single chamber, and a mechanical oscillator (30) is placed at the bottom of the restricted water activated carbon stabilization chamber (3), and an oscillation regulator (31) is connected to the restricted water activated carbon stabilization chamber (3); The steam circulation system (5) comprises a steam generator (50), a steam main pipe (51) for connecting the steam generator (50) and a water vapor chamber (2), a steam circulation pipe (52) arranged between the steam main pipe (51) and the water vapor chamber (2), and a steam circulation pump (53) arranged on the steam circulation pipe (52).

2. The integrated device for efficiently preparing water-limited activated carbon according to claim 1, characterized in that: The activated carbon degassing chamber (1) is provided with a heating zone (14), a degassing zone (15) and a cooling zone (16) in sequence from left to right, and the heating zone (14) and the degassing zone (15) as well as the degassing zone (15) and the cooling zone (16) are connected via a through-hole (17); a feed inlet (140) is provided on the side wall of the heating zone (14); a discharge port (160) is provided on the side wall of the cooling zone (16); a feed track (18) driven by an external power device is provided between the feed inlet (140), each of the through-holes (17) and the discharge port (160); a feed cylinder (180) is placed on the feed track (18); and a regulating port (181) and a one-way air outlet (182) are provided on the feed cylinder (180).

3. The integrated device for efficiently preparing water-limited activated carbon according to claim 2, characterized in that: A first reciprocating material guiding assembly (19) is provided in the heating zone (14), and the first reciprocating material guiding assembly (19) comprises a sliding mounting plate (190) which is provided on the left and right sides of the heating zone (14) and can slide up and down along the inner wall of the heating zone (14), a hydraulic cylinder (191) provided on the sliding mounting plate (190), and two clamping frames (192) which are connected to the corresponding hydraulic cylinder (191) and are relatively distributed. A second reciprocating material guiding assembly (161) is provided in the cooling zone (16), and the structure of the second reciprocating material guiding assembly (161) is the same as that of the first reciprocating material guiding assembly (19).

4. The integrated device for efficiently preparing water-limited activated carbon according to claim 2, characterized in that: The conveying cylinder (180) includes a left collecting cylinder (183) and a right collecting cylinder (184) that are relatively distributed, and a plurality of horizontal movable tubes (185) that are arranged between the left collecting cylinder (183) and the right collecting cylinder (184) and are connected to the left collecting cylinder (183) and the right collecting cylinder (184). The regulating port (181) is arranged at the upper end of the left collecting cylinder (183), and the one-way air outlet (182) is provided on both the left collecting cylinder (183) and the right collecting cylinder (184).

5. The integrated device for efficiently preparing water-limited activated carbon according to claim 1, characterized in that: The activated carbon storage assembly (4) comprises an activated carbon storage chamber (40) which is connected to the upper end of the activated carbon degassing chamber (1) and is provided with an addition funnel (400) at the upper end, a loosening stirring rod (41) arranged in the activated carbon storage chamber (40), a quantitative addition box (42) arranged at the bottom end of the activated carbon storage chamber (40), and a rotating motor (43) for driving the loosening stirring rod (41) to rotate, an automatic opening and closing plate (420) is arranged in the quantitative addition box (42), a gravity sensor (421) is arranged in the automatic opening and closing plate (420), a discharge valve (401) is arranged at the bottom end of the activated carbon storage chamber (40), the quantitative addition box (42) is located outside the discharge valve (401), an infrared detector (422) is arranged at the bottom end of the quantitative addition box (42), and a loosening tooth (410) is arranged at the bottom end of the loosening stirring rod (41).

6. The integrated device for efficiently preparing water-limited activated carbon according to claim 5, characterized in that: An annular cleaning scraper (44) is provided in the activated carbon storage chamber (40), and the annular cleaning scraper (44) can slide up and down along the inner wall of the activated carbon storage chamber (40). A through jacket (440) is provided at the center of the cleaning scraper (44) and is sleeved on the outer wall of the loose material stirring rod (41). The upper end of the cleaning scraper (44) is connected to the activated carbon storage chamber (40) via an electric telescopic rod (441).

7. The integrated device for efficiently preparing water-limited activated carbon according to claim 5, characterized in that: The outer wall of the annular cleaning scraper (44) is provided with a cleaning brush ring (442), and the cleaning brush ring (442) is a detachable structure.

8. The integrated device for efficiently preparing water-limited activated carbon according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steam circulation system (5) further comprises a steam dispersion plate (54), wherein the steam dispersion plate (54) is connected to the steam main pipe (51) and a steam valve (540) is provided at the connection point.

9. The integrated device for efficiently preparing water-limited activated carbon according to claim 8, characterized in that: The steam dispersion plate (54) comprises a fixed annular plate (541), a movable mounting plate (542), and a folding adjustment sleeve (543) for connecting the fixed annular plate (541) and the movable mounting plate (542); and a plurality of dispersion ports (544) are provided on the movable mounting plate (542).

10. A method for efficiently preparing water-limited activated carbon, characterized in that: An integrated device for efficiently preparing water-limited activated carbon according to any one of claims 1 to 8 comprises the following steps: S1. Add the activated carbon in the activated carbon storage assembly (4) to the activated carbon degassing chamber (1) in a quantitative manner, turn on the vacuum pump (10), evacuate the activated carbon degassing chamber (1) to a vacuum state, and perform vacuum degassing on the activated carbon to remove adsorbed water and air, wherein the vacuum degree in the activated carbon degassing chamber (1) is monitored in real time by a vacuum degree detector (11) until the vacuum degree is ≤-0.1 MPa, and the degassing time is recorded by a time and vacuum degree regulator (12) until the degassing time is 2-6 hours; S2, the activated carbon in the activated carbon degassing chamber (1) is transferred to the closed environment of the water vapor chamber (2), the steam generator (50) generates water vapor by heating, and the generated water vapor is passed into the water vapor chamber (2) through the steam main pipe (51), so that the activated carbon is exposed to a closed high humidity environment. During this process, part of the water vapor flows back through the steam circulation pipe (52), and the steam circulation pump (53) provides power for the steam circulation, wherein the humidity in the water vapor chamber (2) is monitored in real time by the humidity monitor (20), so that the internal humidity is maintained above 90%, and the steam circulation is carried out for 8-24 hours, and the activated carbon adsorbs water vapor until a constant weight is reached; S3. The activated carbon in the water vapor chamber (2) is transferred to the confined water activated carbon stabilization chamber (3), and the mechanical oscillator (30) is turned on to carry out closed oscillation equilibrium in pure water for 6-18 hours to promote the self-assembly process and stabilization of the confined water structure to form the final confined water activated carbon.

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