Modified polyester fiber and antibacterial antistatic fabric

Abstract

The invention discloses a modified polyester fiber and an antibacterial antistatic fabric, polyester fiber is immersed in a finishing liquid to prepare a pretreated fiber, the pretreated fiber reacts in a humid and hot environment to generate the modified polyester fiber, the humid and hot environment is provided through steaming treatment, the finishing liquid comprises a compound shown in a formula (I) or a salt thereof, an alkaline substance and water, the addition amount of the alkaline substance enables the pH value of the finishing liquid to be greater than or equal to 10, and the compound shown in the formula (I) has the following structure: # imgabs0 # in the formula (I), n is selected from 1-5, R is H or C1-3 alkyl, and X is halogen; the modified polyester fiber has antibacterial and antistatic functions by adopting a single auxiliary agent, is good in efficacy durability, can basically maintain the antibacterial and antistatic effects after being washed for multiple times, and can be used for preparing antibacterial and antistatic fabrics.

Description

[0001] This invention is a divisional application of a Chinese invention patent application with an application date of August 8, 2024, application number 2024110810121, and name “A modified polyester fiber, its preparation method and application”. Technical Field

[0002] The invention relates to the field of polyester fibers, and in particular to modified polyester fibers and antibacterial and antistatic fabrics. Background Art

[0003] In the polyester fiber market, functional polyester fibers have a good share. Antibacterial polyester, antistatic polyester, UV-resistant polyester, flame-retardant polyester, etc. are all common functional polyester varieties. As two major varieties of functional polyester, the preparation methods of antibacterial polyester and antistatic polyester are often different. If you want to prepare polyester fibers with both antibacterial and antistatic functions, in addition to using the blended spinning method to prepare antibacterial and antistatic polyester fibers, you can also use post-finishing processing to prepare functional polyester fibers or fabrics; if the post-finishing method is used, it is necessary to use antibacterial agents and antistatic agents separately, or compound the two and then perform post-finishing. However, practice has found that compounding may bring negative effects: the functionality of the two may offset and weaken each other after compounding, and more additions must be used, which is bound to increase costs. In addition, the functional polyester fiber or fabric products obtained by the post-finishing method are often poor in durability, and the functional additives have poor binding fastness. After repeated household washing, their functionality rapidly deteriorates with the loss of additives. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome one or more deficiencies in the prior art and to provide a new modified polyester fiber and antibacterial and antistatic fabric. The present invention uses a single auxiliary agent to simultaneously achieve the antibacterial and antistatic functions, and the efficacy is durable and the antibacterial and antistatic effects can still be basically maintained after multiple washings.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, a technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0006] A modified polyester fiber, wherein the preparation method of the modified polyester fiber comprises:

[0007] Immersing polyester fiber in a finishing solution to prepare pretreated fiber, and allowing the pretreated fiber to react in a wet and hot environment to generate the modified polyester fiber;

[0008] The finishing liquid comprises a compound represented by formula (I) or a salt thereof, an alkaline substance and water, the alkaline substance is added in an amount such that the pH value of the finishing liquid is greater than or equal to 10, and the compound represented by formula (I) has the following structure:

[0009] In formula (I), n is selected from 1-5, R is H or C 1-3 Alkyl, X is halogen;

[0010] The moist heat environment is provided by steaming.

[0011] Another technical solution provided by the present invention is a method for preparing modified polyester fiber, the method for preparing modified polyester fiber comprising:

[0012] Immersing polyester fiber in a finishing solution to prepare pretreated fiber, and allowing the pretreated fiber to react in a wet and hot environment to generate the modified polyester fiber;

[0013] The finishing liquid comprises a compound represented by formula (I) or a salt thereof, an alkaline substance and water, the alkaline substance is added in an amount such that the pH value of the finishing liquid is greater than or equal to 10, and the compound represented by formula (I) has the following structure:

[0014] In formula (I), n is selected from 1-5, R is H or C 1-3 Alkyl, X is halogen.

[0015] According to the present invention, the modified polyester fiber includes a fiber matrix, an acyloxy group and / or ether group connected to the fiber matrix, and a quaternary ammonium cationic group, wherein the quaternary ammonium cationic group is connected to the fiber matrix via the acyloxy group and / or ether group, and the quaternary ammonium cationic group is generated by reacting multiple compounds represented by formula (I).

[0016] Furthermore, the quaternary ammonium cationic group is connected to the oxygen in the acyloxy group and / or ether group.

[0017] According to some specific aspects of the present invention, the quaternary ammonium cationic group has the following structure:

[0018] wherein m is greater than or equal to 1, and n and R are respectively as defined in formula (I).

[0019] In some embodiments of the present invention, n is 1, 2, 3 or 4. Further, n is 1, 2 or 3.

[0020] In some embodiments of the present invention, R is H, methyl, ethyl or propyl. Further, R is H or methyl.

[0021] In some embodiments of the present invention, X is chlorine, iodine or bromine. Further, X is chlorine or bromine. Further, X is chlorine.

[0022] In some embodiments of the present invention, the compound represented by formula (I) is a combination of one or more selected from 3-dimethylaminochloropropane, 2-chloro-1-(dimethylamino)propane, and 2-dimethylaminoethyl chloride.

[0023] In some embodiments of the present invention, the salt of the compound represented by formula (I) is hydrochloride, bromate, sulfate or nitrate. Further, the salt of the compound represented by formula (I) is hydrochloride.

[0024] In some embodiments of the present invention, the salt of the compound represented by formula (I) is a combination of one or more selected from 3-dimethylaminochloropropane hydrochloride, 2-chloro-1-(dimethylamino)propane hydrochloride, and 2-dimethylaminochloroethane hydrochloride.

[0025] In some embodiments of the present invention, the method for preparing the finishing liquid comprises: dispersing the compound represented by formula (I) or its salt in water, and then adjusting the pH value of the solution to 10-14 by adding the alkaline substance, wherein the alkaline substance comprises an alkali metal hydroxide.

[0026] Furthermore, the alkali metal hydroxide includes sodium hydroxide and / or potassium hydroxide.

[0027] Furthermore, the alkali metal hydroxide is added by using an aqueous solution of alkali metal hydroxide.

[0028] Furthermore, the concentration of the aqueous solution of the alkali metal hydroxide is 0.5-2 mol / L.

[0029] In some embodiments of the present invention, the pH value of the solution is adjusted to 10.5-13.7 by adding the alkaline substance.

[0030] In some embodiments of the present invention, the mass content of the compound represented by formula (I) or its salt in the finishing liquid is 0.5%-5.0% by mass percentage.

[0031] In some embodiments of the present invention, the mass content of the compound represented by formula (I) or its salt in the finishing liquid is 0.65%-4.5% by mass percentage.

[0032] In some embodiments of the present invention, the liquid carrying rate of the pretreated fiber is controlled to be greater than or equal to 60 wt.%.

[0033] Furthermore, the liquid carrying rate of the pretreated fiber is controlled to be 60wt.%-100wt.%.

[0034] In some embodiments of the present invention, the polyester fiber is immersed in the finishing liquid at 20-30° C., and the pretreated fiber is prepared by a dipping-and-rolling method.

[0035] In some embodiments of the present invention, the temperature of the humid heat environment is controlled to be 85-110° C. In the present invention, if the temperature is too low, the reaction efficiency may be low, and the reaction time needs to be greatly extended, which is not conducive to improving production efficiency.

[0036] In some embodiments of the present invention, the humidity of the hot and humid environment is controlled to be 90%-100%.

[0037] In some embodiments of the present invention, the pretreated fiber is controlled to react in the wet heat environment for 10-60 minutes.

[0038] In some embodiments of the present invention, the moist heat environment is provided by steaming.

[0039] In some embodiments of the present invention, the method for preparing the modified polyester fiber further comprises: after reacting in the wet and hot environment, washing away components not involved in the grafting reaction in pure water at 20-30°C, and drying by heat drying at 120-140°C.

[0040] Another technical solution provided by the present invention is a modified polyester fiber prepared by the above-mentioned preparation method of the modified polyester fiber, wherein the modified polyester fiber has antibacterial function and antistatic function.

[0041] Another technical solution provided by the present invention is: a functional polyester fiber, which includes the modified polyester fiber described above.

[0042] Another technical solution provided by the present invention is an application of the modified polyester fiber in the preparation of antibacterial and antistatic products.

[0043] In some embodiments of the present invention, the antibacterial and antistatic product comprises antibacterial and antistatic yarn or antibacterial and antistatic fabric.

[0044] Another technical solution provided by the present invention is an antibacterial and antistatic fabric, which is made of the modified polyester fiber mentioned above, for example, by knitting or weaving.

[0045] Due to the application of the above technical solution, the present invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0046] Based on the problems that existing polyester fibers have difficulty in achieving both antibacterial and antistatic properties and poor durability when imparting functionality, the present invention innovatively proposes a one-step method for preparing polyester fibers with good durability and both antibacterial and antistatic functions. The antibacterial function obtained helps to prevent the growth of skin bacteria and the generation of odors in polyester fiber products during use, and the antistatic function obtained helps to avoid the generation of static electricity in the textile processing and use of polyester fibers, which affects the processing and comfort of use. In the preparation process of the present invention, only one monomer raw material (i.e., the compound shown in formula (I) or its salt) is used, the cost is low, the method is simple, the antibacterial and antistatic effects are outstanding, and it has significant value and application prospects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0047] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the preparation mechanism of the modified polyester fiber of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 2 is an electron microscope image of the polyester fiber before and after modification in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 3 Surface N element spectrum of polyester fiber before and after modification in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 4 The graph is a result of antibacterial experiment on polyester fiber before and after modification and after washing in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 5 This is an electron microscope image of the polyester fiber obtained in Comparative Example 1 of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 6 This is a graph showing the antibacterial test results of the polyester fiber obtained in Comparative Example 1 of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 7 This is an electron microscope image of the polyester fiber obtained in Comparative Example 2 of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 8 This is a graph showing the antibacterial test results of the polyester fiber obtained in Comparative Example 2 of the present invention;

[0055] Fig. 9 This is an electron microscope image of the polyester fiber obtained in Comparative Example 5 of the present invention;

[0056] Fig.10 This is the surface N element spectrum of the polyester fiber obtained in Comparative Example 5 of the present invention;

[0057] Fig.11 This is a graph showing the antibacterial test results of the polyester fiber obtained in Comparative Example 5 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0058] Since polyester fibers lack reactive groups, existing post-finishing technologies are difficult to impart durable functionality to polyester fibers, and the multifunctional finishing process is complicated. The inventors of the present invention first proposed to use commercially available amino halides or their salts (i.e., compounds or their salts shown in formula (I)) as grafting monomers to modify polyester fibers to impart durable antibacterial and antistatic functions. Specifically, in the present invention, polyester fibers impregnated with amino halides or their salts and alkali solution are hydrolyzed in an alkaline environment, and part of the ester bonds of the fibers are hydrolyzed to produce hydroxyl groups (-OH) and carboxyl groups (-COOH), and further in a humid and hot environment, the amino halides react with the hydroxyl groups and carboxyl groups, thereby chemically grafting onto the polyester fibers. At the same time, the amino halides also react with each other to form quaternary ammonium cationic polymers. In this way, a special quaternary ammonium cationic polymer is successfully grafted onto the surface of the polyester fiber, so that the polyester fiber has both durable antibacterial (quaternary ammonium cations interact electrostatically with negatively charged bacterial cell membranes, affecting the function of bacterial cell membranes and playing an antibacterial and bactericidal role) and antistatic functions (in the present invention, since quaternary ammonium cations are introduced onto the fiber surface, they can neutralize the negative charge generated by friction on the fiber surface, thereby eliminating or reducing the accumulation of static electricity, thereby achieving antistatic). The reaction mechanism can be seen in Figure 1 shown.

[0059] The above scheme is further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments; it should be understood that these embodiments are used to illustrate the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the scope of the following embodiments; the implementation conditions adopted in the embodiments can be further adjusted according to specific requirements, and the implementation conditions not specified are usually the conditions in conventional experiments.

[0060] Unless otherwise specified in the following examples, all raw materials are commercially available or prepared by conventional methods in the art.

[0061] In the following, 3-dimethylaminochloropropane hydrochloride (CAS No.: 5407-04-5), 2-chloro-1-(dimethylamino)propane hydrochloride (CAS No.: 4584-49-0) and 4'-chloro-4-dimethylaminoazobenzene (CAS No.: 2491-76-1) were purchased from Shanghai Aladdin Reagent Co., Ltd., 2-dimethylaminochloroethane hydrochloride (CAS No.: 4584-46-7) was purchased from Hubei Dali Chemical Co., Ltd. 2-Diethylaminochloroethane hydrochloride (CAS No.: 869-24-9) was purchased from Hubei Xinghengye Technology Co., Ltd.

[0062] Embodiment 1:

[0063] This example provides a method for preparing a modified polyester fiber and the modified polyester fiber prepared therefrom, specifically:

[0064] 3-dimethylaminochloropropane hydrochloride is dissolved in pure water to prepare a 3-dimethylaminochloropropane hydrochloride aqueous solution with a mass fraction of 2%, and the pH value of the 3-dimethylaminochloropropane hydrochloride aqueous solution is adjusted to 12.3 with a 1 mol / L sodium hydroxide aqueous solution to prepare a finishing solution. At room temperature, a polyester fiber (specification FDY 50D / 24F, the same below) is immersed in the finishing solution using a padding machine, and the liquid rate is 78% by dipping and rolling. Then, the pretreated fiber after padding is sent to a steamer and steamed for 15 minutes at 102°C and a relative humidity of 95%. Finally, the components that do not participate in the grafting reaction are washed off in pure water at room temperature, and dried at 130°C for 15s to obtain antibacterial / antistatic polyester fiber, that is, modified polyester fiber.

[0065] Result analysis: In this example, the electron microscope images of polyester fibers before and after modification are as follows: Figure 2 Compared with the smooth surface of the original polyester fiber (before modification), the antibacterial / antistatic polyester fiber (after modification) prepared in this example has a layer of polymer deposited on its surface, and there are obvious traces of fiber surface corrosion caused by alkaline hydrolysis. The surface N element spectrum of the polyester fiber before and after modification is shown in Figure 3 As shown, the energy spectrum analysis shows that the surface of the antibacterial / antistatic polyester fiber prepared in this example shows an obvious N peak (in a CN bonding state), and the relative content of N atoms (the number of surface N atoms accounts for the total number of surface C, O, and N atoms, the same below) is 2.6% (the original polyester fiber contains almost no N). It can be seen that the surface of the antibacterial / antistatic polyester fiber prepared in this example is grafted with 3-dimethylaminochloropropane cationic polymer.

[0066] Antibacterial test was carried out according to GB / T 20944.2-2007 "Evaluation of antibacterial properties of textiles Part 2: Absorption method". The results are as follows Figure 4 As shown in Table 1, the antibacterial / antistatic polyester fiber processed in this example has an antibacterial rate of 100% against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. According to GB / T 8629-2017 "Textiles - Test for household washing and drying procedures", after 30 washes, the antibacterial effect on the two bacteria has hardly decreased. It can be seen that the antibacterial / antistatic polyester fiber prepared in this example shows an excellent and durable antibacterial effect.

[0067] According to GB / T 12703.1-2021 "Test Methods for Electrostatic Properties of Textiles Part 1: Corona Charging Method", the antistatic test results show that the antibacterial / antistatic polyester fiber prepared in this example has an electrostatic half-life of 4.1s. And after 30 home washings, the electrostatic half-life of the antibacterial / antistatic polyester fiber prepared in this example is 4.4s, which is much lower than the electrostatic half-life of the original polyester fiber (>120s). It can be seen that the antibacterial / antistatic polyester fiber prepared in this example shows an excellent and durable antistatic effect.

[0068] Embodiment 2:

[0069] This example provides a method for preparing a modified polyester fiber and the modified polyester fiber prepared therefrom, specifically:

[0070] 2-chloro-1-(dimethylamino)propane hydrochloride is dissolved in pure water to prepare a 2-chloro-1-(dimethylamino)propane hydrochloride aqueous solution with a mass fraction of 0.65%, and the pH value of the 2-chloro-1-(dimethylamino)propane hydrochloride aqueous solution is adjusted to 10.5 with a 1 mol / L sodium hydroxide aqueous solution to prepare a finishing solution. At room temperature, the polyester fiber is immersed in the finishing solution using a padding machine, and the fiber is immersed and rolled until the liquid rate is 96%. Then, the fiber after padding is sent to a steamer and steamed for 12 minutes at 105°C and a relative humidity of 92%. Finally, the components that do not participate in the grafting reaction are washed off in pure water at room temperature, and dried at 130°C for 15s to obtain antibacterial / antistatic polyester fiber, that is, modified polyester fiber.

[0071] Result analysis: The fiber obtained in this example was analyzed by antibacterial performance test and antistatic test method, and the results are shown in Table 1. The antibacterial rates of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli were both 100%, and the antibacterial rates of the fiber after 30 washes were still 90.8% and 95.5%, which still met the requirements for antibacterial textiles specified in the standard GB / T 20944.2-2007. The static half-life of the fiber was 8.6s, and it was still 10.2s after 30 washes. The fiber showed good antibacterial and antistatic properties, and good durability.

[0072] Embodiment 3:

[0073] This example provides a method for preparing a modified polyester fiber and the modified polyester fiber prepared therefrom, specifically:

[0074] 2-dimethylaminoethyl chloride hydrochloride was dissolved in pure water to prepare a 4.5% mass fraction of 2-dimethylaminoethyl chloride hydrochloride aqueous solution, and the pH value of the 2-dimethylaminoethyl chloride hydrochloride aqueous solution was adjusted to 13.7 with a 1 mol / L sodium hydroxide aqueous solution to prepare a finishing solution. At room temperature, the polyester fiber was immersed in the finishing solution using a padding machine, and the fiber was immersed and rolled until the liquid rate was 64%. Then, the fiber after padding was sent to a steamer and steamed for 25 minutes at 95°C and a relative humidity of 92%. Finally, the components that did not participate in the grafting reaction were washed off in pure water at room temperature, and dried at 130°C for 15 seconds to obtain antibacterial / antistatic polyester fiber, that is, modified polyester fiber.

[0075] Result analysis: The fiber obtained in this example was analyzed by antibacterial performance test and antistatic test method, and the results are shown in Table 1. The antibacterial rate of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli was 100%, and the antibacterial rate of the fiber after 30 washes was still 100%. The static half-life of the fiber was 3.1s, and it was still 3.8s after 30 washes. The fiber showed excellent antibacterial and antistatic properties, and excellent durability.

[0076] Embodiment 4:

[0077] This example provides a method for preparing a modified polyester fiber and the modified polyester fiber prepared therefrom, specifically:

[0078] 2-dimethylaminoethyl chloride hydrochloride was dissolved in pure water to prepare a 2-dimethylaminoethyl chloride hydrochloride aqueous solution with a mass fraction of 0.65%, and the pH value of the 2-dimethylaminoethyl chloride hydrochloride aqueous solution was adjusted to 10.5 with a 1 mol / L sodium hydroxide aqueous solution to obtain a finishing solution. At room temperature, the polyester fiber was immersed in the finishing solution using a padding machine, and the fiber was immersed and rolled until the liquid rate was 64%. Then, the fiber after padding was sent to a steamer and steamed for 12 minutes at 88°C and a relative humidity of 92%. Finally, the components that did not participate in the grafting reaction were washed off in pure water at room temperature, and dried at 130°C for 15s to obtain antibacterial / antistatic polyester fiber, that is, modified polyester fiber.

[0079] Result analysis: The fiber obtained in this example was analyzed by antibacterial performance test and antistatic test method, and the results are shown in Table 1. The antibacterial rate of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli was 100%, and the antibacterial rate of the fiber after 30 washes was still close to 100%. The static half-life of the fiber was 6.7s, and it was still 8.2s after 30 washes. The fiber showed excellent antibacterial performance and relatively good antistatic performance, and good durability.

[0080] Table 1 Antibacterial and antistatic properties of antibacterial / antistatic polyester fibers, i.e., modified polyester fiber samples obtained in the examples

[0081]

[0082] Comparative Example 1:

[0083] This example provides a method for preparing a modified polyester fiber and the modified polyester fiber prepared therefrom. The 3-dimethylaminochloropropane hydrochloride in Example 1 is replaced by 2-diethylaminochloroethane hydrochloride, and the rest is the same as Example 1.

[0084] Result analysis: The fibers obtained in this example were analyzed by the above-mentioned electron microscope, antibacterial performance test and antistatic test methods. The results are as follows Figure 5 , Figure 6As shown in Table 2. There are obvious deposits on the fiber surface, and there are obvious traces of fiber surface corrosion caused by alkaline hydrolysis. The antibacterial rates of the fiber sample against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli are 84% and 88% respectively. The fiber shows certain antibacterial properties, but there is uncertainty in meeting the requirements for antibacterial textiles specified in the national standard GB / T 20944.2-2007 (antibacterial rate of 85%). For example, although the antibacterial rate against Staphylococcus aureus has reached 84%, it still has not reached the requirement of 85% antibacterial rate. The antibacterial rates of the fiber after 30 washes are 80% and 82%, and the antibacterial properties of the washed fabric do not meet the requirements of antibacterial textiles. The electrostatic half-life of the fiber is 11.0s, and it is 15.2s after 30 washes. It can be seen that the antibacterial / antistatic properties of the fiber are not outstanding. Although the obtained fiber has a high grafting rate (N content), its antibacterial performance is not as good as that of the polyester fiber grafted with 3-dimethylaminochloropropane hydrochloride polymer in Example 1. Analysis shows that the side group (ethyl) of the 2-diethylaminochloroethane hydrochloride polymer is larger, which to some extent hinders the quaternary ammonium N + Direct contact with bacterial cell membranes results in relatively low antibacterial properties of the cationic polymer.

[0085] Comparative Example 2:

[0086] This example provides a method for preparing modified polyester fiber and the modified polyester fiber prepared therefrom. The 3-dimethylaminochloropropane hydrochloride in Example 3 is replaced by 4'-chloro-4-dimethylaminoazobenzene, and the rest is the same as Example 3.

[0087] Result analysis: The fibers obtained in this example were analyzed by the above-mentioned electron microscope, antibacterial performance test and antistatic test methods. The results are as follows Figure 7 , Figure 8 As shown in Table 2. There are obvious traces of fiber surface corrosion caused by alkaline hydrolysis on the fiber surface, and a small amount of sediment can be barely observed on the fiber surface. The antibacterial rates of the obtained fiber against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli are 55% and 62%, respectively. The fiber shows a certain antibacterial property, but it is far from the requirements of the national standard GB / T 20944.2-2007 for antibacterial textiles (antibacterial rate 85%). The antibacterial rates of the fiber after 30 washings are 38% and 56%, and the antibacterial properties of the washed fabric do not meet the requirements of antibacterial textiles. The electrostatic half-life of the fiber is 88.3s, and it is 113.5s after 30 washings. It can be seen that the antibacterial / antistatic properties of the fiber are not significant. Analysis shows that the steric hindrance of the benzene ring connected to the chlorine is large, which seriously affects the polymerization of the monomer on the fiber surface, and the monomer grafting rate is very low.

[0088] Comparative Example 3:

[0089] This example provides a method for preparing modified polyester fiber and the modified polyester fiber prepared therefrom. The pH value of the 2-chloro-1-(dimethylamino)propane hydrochloride aqueous solution in Example 2 is adjusted from 10.5 to 9.2, which is significantly lower than the lower limit of the pH value (pH value 10) specified in the present invention. The rest is the same as Example 2.

[0090] Result analysis: The fiber obtained in this example was analyzed by antibacterial performance test and antistatic test method, and the results are shown in Table 2. The antibacterial rates of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli were 82% and 87% respectively. The fiber showed certain antibacterial properties, but did not meet the requirements of antibacterial textiles specified in the national standard GB / T 20944.2-2007 (antibacterial rate 85%). The antibacterial rates of the fiber after 30 washes were 69% and 75%, and the antibacterial properties of the washed fabric did not meet the requirements of antibacterial textiles. The static half-life of the fiber was 33.7s, and 47.4s after 30 washes. It can be seen that the antibacterial / antistatic properties of the fiber are not significant. The analysis believes that it should be caused by the low polymerization and grafting rate of 2-chloro-1-(dimethylamino)propane hydrochloride on the fiber surface under the reaction conditions of relatively low pH value.

[0091] Comparative Example 4:

[0092] This example provides a method for preparing modified polyester fiber and the modified polyester fiber prepared therefrom, which is basically the same as Example 2, and the humidity is not actively controlled during the reaction, that is, the middle and late stages of the reaction are basically carried out in a dry and hot environment.

[0093] Result analysis: The fiber obtained in this example was analyzed by antibacterial performance test and antistatic test method, and the results are shown in Table 2. The antibacterial rates of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli were 83% and 87% respectively, and the antibacterial performance failed to meet the national standards. The antibacterial rates after 30 washings were 79% and 72%, which also did not meet the requirements of the national standards for antibacterial textiles. The static half-life of the fiber was 30.6s, and 47.9s after 30 washings. It can be seen that the fiber cannot be called antibacterial fiber. The analysis shows that if the humidity is not controlled during the reaction, the reaction is basically carried out under dry heat in the middle and late stages, the fiber is basically dried, the alkaline hydrolysis of the fiber is difficult to carry out, and 2-chloro-1-(dimethylamino)propane hydrochloride is precipitated into solid matter, the permeability and reactivity are greatly reduced, resulting in relatively less polymerization and grafting on the fiber surface.

[0094] Comparative Example 5:

[0095] This example provides a method for preparing modified polyester fiber and the modified polyester fiber prepared therefrom. First, the polyester fiber is treated in a 120g / L sodium hydroxide ethanol solution at room temperature for 30 minutes, and then the polyester fiber is immersed in a 1.0wt.% 2-diethylaminoethanethiol hydrochloride ethanol solution with a pH value of 12 (adjusted by a 1mol / L sodium hydroxide aqueous solution) and a temperature of 55°C, and stirred at 90rpm for 60 minutes. Finally, the fiber is washed in room temperature ethanol and pure water for 5 minutes to remove the components not involved in the grafting reaction, and then heated at 80°C for 5 minutes to obtain a modified polyester fiber sample.

[0096] Result analysis: The fiber obtained in this example was analyzed by the above-mentioned electron microscope, energy spectrum, antibacterial performance and antistatic test methods. The fiber surface morphology, energy spectrum, antibacterial performance and antistatic performance test results are as follows: Fig. 9 , Fig.10 , Fig.11 As shown in Table 2. Fig. 9 It can be seen that the surface of the obtained fiber is relatively smooth, the traces of alkaline hydrolysis are not obvious, and there is very little surface sediment. The energy spectrum test results show that the relative content of N atoms is only 0.1%. The antibacterial rates of this sample against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli are 37% and 40% respectively, and the antibacterial performance is far from the national standard. The antibacterial rates after 30 washings are 31% and 34%, which also do not meet the requirements of the national standard for antibacterial textiles. The static half-life of the fiber is greater than 120s. It can be seen that this fiber cannot be called antibacterial fiber and antistatic fiber. The analysis shows that without a water environment and a wet heat treatment environment, polyester fibers are difficult to be hydrolyzed to produce reactive hydroxyl and carboxyl groups, and grafting polymerization reactions are also difficult to carry out, resulting in relatively small amounts of polymerization and grafting on the fiber surface.

[0097] Table 2 Antibacterial and antistatic properties of the modified polyester fiber samples obtained in Comparative Examples 1-5 of the present invention

[0098]

[0099] The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical concept and features of the present invention, and their purpose is to enable people familiar with the technology to understand the content of the present invention and implement it accordingly, and they cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any equivalent changes or modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

[0100] The endpoints and any values ​​of the ranges disclosed in this article are not limited to the precise ranges or values, and these ranges or values ​​should be understood to include values ​​close to these ranges or values. For numerical ranges, the endpoint values ​​of each range, the endpoint values ​​of each range and the individual point values, and the individual point values ​​can be combined with each other to obtain one or more new numerical ranges, which should be considered as specifically disclosed in this article.

Claims

1. A modified polyester fiber, characterized in that: The preparation method of the modified polyester fiber comprises: Immersing polyester fiber in a finishing solution to prepare pretreated fiber, and allowing the pretreated fiber to react in a wet and hot environment to generate the modified polyester fiber; The finishing liquid comprises a compound represented by formula (I) or a salt thereof, an alkaline substance and water, the alkaline substance is added in an amount such that the pH value of the finishing liquid is greater than or equal to 10, and the compound represented by formula (I) has the following structure: In formula (I), n is selected from 1-5, R is H or C 1-3 Alkyl, X is halogen; The moist heat environment is provided by steaming.

2. The modified polyester fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steaming treatment is carried out using a steamer, and the reaction occurs by feeding the pretreated fiber into the steamer.

3. The modified polyester fiber according to claim 2, characterized in that: The temperature of the humid heat environment is controlled to be 85-110° C., the humidity is controlled to be 90%-100%, and the reaction time of the reaction is controlled to be 10-60 minutes.

4. The modified polyester fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation method of the modified polyester fiber further comprises: after reacting in the wet and hot environment, washing away components not involved in the grafting reaction in pure water at 20-30° C., and drying by heat drying at 120-140° C.

5. The modified polyester fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation method of the finishing liquid comprises: dispersing the compound represented by the formula (I) or its salt in water, and then adjusting the pH value of the solution to 10-14 by adding the alkaline substance, wherein the alkaline substance comprises an alkali metal hydroxide.

6. The modified polyester fiber according to claim 5, characterized in that: The alkali metal hydroxide includes sodium hydroxide and / or potassium hydroxide; and / or, the alkali metal hydroxide is added by adopting an aqueous solution of alkali metal hydroxide, and further, the concentration of the aqueous solution of alkali metal hydroxide is 0.5-2 mol / L; and / or, the pH value of the solution is adjusted to 10.5-13.7 by adding the alkaline substance.

7. The modified polyester fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that: In terms of mass percentage, in the finishing liquid, the mass content of the compound represented by formula (I) or its salt is 0.5%-5.0%; further 0.65%-4.5%; and / or, n is 1, 2, 3 or 4, R is H, methyl, ethyl or propyl, X is chlorine, iodine or bromine, and the salt of the compound represented by formula (I) is hydrochloride, bromate, sulfate or nitrate.

8. The modified polyester fiber according to claim 1 or 7, characterized in that: The compound represented by formula (I) is a combination of one or more selected from 3-dimethylaminochloropropane, 2-chloro-1-(dimethylamino)propane, and 2-dimethylaminochloroethane, and the salt of the compound represented by formula (I) is a combination of one or more selected from 3-dimethylaminochloropropane hydrochloride, 2-chloro-1-(dimethylamino)propane hydrochloride, and 2-dimethylaminochloroethane hydrochloride.

9. The modified polyester fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that: Controlling the liquid carrying rate of the pretreated fiber to be 60wt.%-100wt.%; and / or, At 20-30° C., immersing the polyester fiber in the finishing solution to prepare the pretreated fiber by a dipping-and-rolling method; and / or, The modified polyester fiber comprises a fiber matrix, an acyloxy group and / or an ether group connected to the fiber matrix, and a quaternary ammonium cationic group, wherein the quaternary ammonium cationic group is connected to the fiber matrix via the acyloxy group and / or the ether group, and the quaternary ammonium cationic group is generated by reacting a plurality of compounds represented by formula (I); further, the quaternary ammonium cationic group is connected to oxygen in the acyloxy group and / or the ether group; The quaternary ammonium cationic group has the following structure: wherein m is greater than or equal to 1, and n and R are respectively as defined in formula (I).

10. An antibacterial and antistatic fabric, characterized in that: The antibacterial and antistatic fabric is made of modified polyester fiber, and the preparation method of the modified polyester fiber comprises: Immersing polyester fiber in a finishing solution to prepare pretreated fiber, and allowing the pretreated fiber to react in a wet and hot environment to generate the modified polyester fiber; The finishing liquid comprises a compound represented by formula (I) or a salt thereof, an alkaline substance and water, the alkaline substance is added in an amount such that the pH value of the finishing liquid is greater than or equal to 10, and the compound represented by formula (I) has the following structure: In formula (I), n is selected from 1-5, R is H or C 1-3 Alkyl, X is halogen; The moist heat environment is provided by steaming.

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