Nonlinear continuous yielding split-type steel arch

Abstract

The application discloses a nonlinear continuous pressure-releasing split type steel arch, which is composed of a plurality of steel arch assemblies, and two adjacent steel arch assemblies are connected through a nonlinear continuous pressure-releasing device; the upper assembly of the nonlinear continuous pressure-releasing device comprises a sleeve, a connecting rod and a truncated cone end head, the inner wall of the side plate provided with two wing plates facing the steel arch assembly in the sleeve is provided with a plurality of parallel sliding grooves, a plurality of self-rotating balls are arranged in the sliding grooves at intervals, the connecting rod is installed on the upper end plate and located in the sleeve, and the truncated cone end head is connected with the lower end of the connecting rod; the lower assembly of the nonlinear continuous pressure-releasing device comprises a lower end plate and a nonlinear continuous pressure-releasing damper, a plurality of through holes are formed in the lower end plate, and one nonlinear continuous pressure-releasing damper is installed in each through hole. The application has the advantages that the truncated cone end head extrudes and rubs the truncated cone wall of the nonlinear continuous pressure-releasing damper, nonlinear continuous pressure-releasing deformation is realized, continuous large deformation of different surrounding rocks is adaptively realized, and the safety of the steel arch and the tunnel is protected.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of efficient support of tunnels and control of large deformation of soft rock, and in particular to a nonlinear continuous yielding split type steel arch. BACKGROUND

[0002] In tunnel excavation, when the tunnel passes through a fault fracture zone or soft surrounding rock, etc., the problem of large deformation of the surrounding rock caused by extrusion will occur. The pressure of the surrounding rock caused by large deformation will cause serious damage to the support in the tunnel, affecting the construction progress, and in severe cases, leading to the destruction of the tunnel and even threatening the safety of construction personnel.

[0003] Existing research shows that yielding support is an effective technical measure to deal with the problem of large deformation of the surrounding rock caused by extrusion. In the prior art, the steel arch device for inhibiting large deformation of a tunnel disclosed in Publication No. CN214997711 U sets an adapter device between the steel arches, and the adapter device is composed of a box body, a top plate, a yielding rod, a steel arch adapter plate and a spring. A plurality of yielding rods are arranged on the top plates at both ends of the box body, and a spring is nested on the yielding rod. One end of the spring is connected with the yielding rod, and the other end is connected with the top plate. The deformation of the adapter device is used to replace the deformation of the steel arch, thereby reducing the stress on the steel arch and protecting the steel arch. The steel arch connecting component for plug-in type spherical hinge type quantifiable yielding and the use method disclosed in Patent ZL 201910995638.6 set a connecting component between two steel arches, and the connecting component includes a connecting rod and a sleeve. The connecting rod includes a spherical end at one end, a threaded end at the other end and a rod body in the middle. The sleeve is a cylindrical structure with one end closed and the other end open. An internal thread part is arranged on the inner wall of the sleeve near the closed end, and a one-way clamping part is arranged on the inner wall of the open end of the sleeve. By inserting the connecting rod into the sleeve, the internal thread of the sleeve and the spherical end are extruded and sheared to generate resistance, thereby realizing yielding deformation. However, the existing technology has the following problems: (1) In fact, different geological conditions have different surrounding rock deformations, and the steel arch lacks a self-adaptive setting for different surrounding rocks; (2) The large deformation of the surrounding rock is divided into multiple stages, and the steel arch lacks a real-time self-adjusting yielding deformation setting matched with each stage of the surrounding rock deformation; (3) The traditional yielding connecting rod is not firmly connected with the steel arch, and cannot effectively ensure the stability of the steel arch; and (4) The yielding device is arranged between the steel arches, and the yielding deformation amount is limited. SUMMARY

[0004] The nonlinear continuous yielding split type steel arch frame is composed of a plurality of steel arch frame assemblies, the steel arch frame assemblies are I-shaped steel structures, two adjacent steel arch frame assemblies are connected through a nonlinear continuous yielding device, the two adjacent steel arch frame assemblies are an upper steel arch frame assembly and a lower steel arch frame assembly, the nonlinear continuous yielding device is composed of a nonlinear continuous yielding device upper assembly and a nonlinear continuous yielding device lower assembly which are matched with each other, the nonlinear continuous yielding device upper assembly and the nonlinear continuous yielding device lower assembly are both installed on the upper steel arch frame assembly and the lower steel arch frame assembly through bolt connection, the nonlinear continuous yielding device upper assembly comprises a sleeve, a connecting rod and a truncated cone end, the sleeve is a rectangular structure with a cover and is assembled by an upper end plate and four side plates, the inner walls of the side plates provided on two wing plates of the sleeve which face the steel arch frame assembly are provided with a plurality of parallel sliding grooves, a plurality of self-rotating balls are arranged in the sliding grooves at intervals, the connecting rod is provided with a plurality of connecting rods which are installed on the upper end plate and located in the sleeve, the truncated cone end is connected with the lower end of the connecting rod, the outer diameter of the truncated cone end gradually decreases from top to bottom, the nonlinear continuous yielding device lower assembly comprises a lower end plate and a nonlinear continuous yielding damper, the lower end plate is installed on the lower steel arch frame assembly, a plurality of through holes are formed in the lower end plate, and one nonlinear continuous yielding damper is installed in each through hole, the nonlinear continuous yielding device lower assembly and the lower steel arch frame assembly are both installed in the sleeve, and the connecting rod and the truncated cone end are both installed in the nonlinear continuous yielding damper.

[0005] The object of the present application is achieved by the following technical solutions.

[0006] The nonlinear continuous yielding split type steel arch frame is composed of a plurality of steel arch frame assemblies, the steel arch frame assemblies are I-shaped steel structures, two adjacent steel arch frame assemblies are connected through a nonlinear continuous yielding device, the two adjacent steel arch frame assemblies are an upper steel arch frame assembly and a lower steel arch frame assembly, the nonlinear continuous yielding device is composed of a nonlinear continuous yielding device upper assembly and a nonlinear continuous yielding device lower assembly which are matched with each other, the nonlinear continuous yielding device upper assembly and the nonlinear continuous yielding device lower assembly are both installed on the upper steel arch frame assembly and the lower steel arch frame assembly through bolt connection, the nonlinear continuous yielding device upper assembly comprises a sleeve, a connecting rod and a truncated cone end, the sleeve is a rectangular structure with a cover and is assembled by an upper end plate and four side plates, the inner walls of the side plates provided on two wing plates of the sleeve which face the steel arch frame assembly are provided with a plurality of parallel sliding grooves, a plurality of self-rotating balls are arranged in the sliding grooves at intervals, the connecting rod is provided with a plurality of connecting rods which are installed on the upper end plate and located in the sleeve, the truncated cone end is connected with the lower end of the connecting rod, the outer diameter of the truncated cone end gradually decreases from top to bottom, the nonlinear continuous yielding device lower assembly comprises a lower end plate and a nonlinear continuous yielding damper, the lower end plate is installed on the lower steel arch frame assembly, a plurality of through holes are formed in the lower end plate, and one nonlinear continuous yielding damper is installed in each through hole, the nonlinear continuous yielding device lower assembly and the lower steel arch frame assembly are both installed in the sleeve, and the connecting rod and the truncated cone end are both installed in the nonlinear continuous yielding damper.

[0007] The nonlinear continuous yielding damper comprises a damping cylinder and a bottom sealing end plate, the inside of the damping cylinder is provided with a truncated cone wall, the inner diameter of the truncated cone wall gradually decreases from top to bottom, and the bottom sealing end plate is arranged at the bottom end of the damping cylinder and used for sealing the bottom end of the damping cylinder.

[0008] The top of the damping cylinder is provided with a one-way clamping buckle.

[0009] The one-way clamping buckle is composed of a plurality of arc-shaped rotating plates arranged along the inner periphery of the opening end of the damping cylinder, the outer side of each arc-shaped rotating plate is connected to the damping cylinder through a rotatable member, and a hole allowing the connecting rod to pass through is formed between the inner sides of the plurality of arc-shaped rotating plates.

[0010] The upper end plate of the upper assembly of the nonlinear continuous pressure relief device and the connecting plate of the upper steel arch assembly are connected through a bolt structure, and the lower end plate of the lower assembly of the nonlinear continuous pressure relief device and the connecting plate of the lower steel arch assembly are connected through a bolt structure.

[0011] The positions and numbers of the truncated cone end heads of the upper assembly of the nonlinear continuous pressure relief device correspond to the positions and numbers of the nonlinear continuous pressure relief dampers of the lower assembly of the nonlinear continuous pressure relief device.

[0012] The truncated cone end heads of the upper assembly of the nonlinear continuous pressure relief device and the nonlinear continuous pressure relief dampers of the lower assembly of the nonlinear continuous pressure relief device are arranged in an array, and the numbers of the truncated cone end heads are evenly distributed on both sides of the web plate of the upper steel arch assembly, and the numbers of the nonlinear continuous pressure relief dampers are evenly distributed on both sides of the web plate of the lower steel arch assembly.

[0013] The advantages of the present application are:

[0014] (1) The truncated cone wall of the truncated cone end head extrusion friction nonlinear continuous pressure relief damper realizes nonlinear continuous pressure relief deformation;

[0015] (2) The truncated cone wall can adapt to different surrounding rocks according to different geological conditions or surrounding rock deformation, and protect the steel arch;

[0016] (3) When the surrounding rock pressure or deformation is large, the nonlinear continuous pressure relief device can reduce the deformation of the steel arch itself and prevent the steel arch from being twisted and crushed;

[0017] (4) The steel arch inserted into the sleeve and the plurality of connecting rods inserted into the damping cylinder not only guide the deformation direction of the steel arch, but also increase the overall stability between the steel arch and the pressure relief device, and when the pressure relief device deforms, the friction between the sleeve and the steel arch can be reduced through the arrangement of the balls on the side plate of the sleeve;

[0018] (5) The nonlinear continuous pressure relief damper is arranged below the lower end plate of the steel arch, and when the nonlinear continuous pressure relief damper deforms to the limit, the upper end plate and the lower end plate of the steel arch can be completely attached, the small space between the steel arches can be fully utilized, the deformation amount of the steel arch can be increased, and the stability of the steel arch can be enhanced. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the steel arch frame of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Sectional view of AA in the middle;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the nonlinear continuous pressure relief device of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the components on the nonlinear continuous pressure relief device of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the components of the nonlinear continuous pressure relief device of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 6 for Figure 4 Cross-sectional view of the middle section (BB);

[0025] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the lower component of the nonlinear continuous pressure relief device of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 8 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the lower component of the nonlinear continuous pressure relief device of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the upper steel arch frame assembly of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the lower steel arch frame assembly of the present invention;

[0029] like Figures 1-10 As shown in the figure, the labels represent:

[0030] a. Steel arch frame;

[0031] 1. Nonlinear continuous pressure relief device; 2. Steel arch frame assembly;

[0032] 11. Upper component of the nonlinear continuous pressure relief device; 12. Lower component of the nonlinear continuous pressure relief device;

[0033] 111. Sleeve, 112. Upper end plate, 113. Side plate, 114. Connecting rod, 115. Frustum conical end, 116. Screw hole, 117. Slide groove, 118. Ball bearing;

[0034] 121. Lower end plate; 122. Through hole; 123. Nonlinear continuous pressure damper; 124. Damping cylinder; 125. Bottom-sealed end plate; 126. Truncated conical wall; 127. One-way snap-fit.

[0035] 21. Upper steel arch frame assembly, 22. Lower steel arch frame assembly, 23. Connecting plate, 24. Bolt, 25. Nut. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The features and other related features of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, so as to facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art:

[0037] Example: Figures 1-10 As shown, this embodiment relates to a nonlinear continuous pressure-relief split steel arch frame. The steel arch frame a is composed of multiple steel arch frame components 2. The steel arch frame components 2 are I-beam structures. Adjacent steel arch frame components 2 are connected by a nonlinear continuous pressure-relief device 1. The two adjacent steel arch frame components 2 are the upper steel arch frame component 21 and the lower steel arch frame component 22, respectively.

[0038] like Figures 1-10 As shown, the nonlinear continuous pressure relief device 1 consists of an upper component 11 and a lower component 12 that cooperate with each other. The upper component 11 and the lower component 12 are respectively installed on the upper steel arch frame component 21 and the lower steel arch frame component 22 by bolt connection.

[0039] The nonlinear continuous pressure relief device upper component 11 includes a sleeve 111, a connecting rod 114, and a truncated conical end 115. The sleeve 111 is a rectangular structure with a cover on the upper part, assembled from an upper end plate 112 and four side plates 113. The inner walls of the two side plates 113 facing the flanges of the steel arch frame component 2 in the sleeve 111 are provided with multiple parallel sliding grooves 117. Multiple self-rotating balls 118 are spaced apart in the sliding grooves 117, that is, the balls 118 cannot move along the vertical direction of the sliding grooves 117. The sleeve 111 can move in a direction but can rotate. The sleeve 111 is connected to the upper steel arch frame assembly 21 through the upper end plate 112. There are 4 connecting rods 114 arranged in an array. The connecting rods 114 are installed on the upper end plate 112 and located inside the sleeve 111. The truncated conical end 115 is connected to the lower end of the connecting rod 114. The outer diameter of the truncated conical end 115 gradually decreases from top to bottom. The 4 truncated conical ends 115 are located on both sides of the web of the upper steel arch frame assembly 21.

[0040] The lower component 12 of the nonlinear continuous yielding device comprises a lower end plate 121 and nonlinear continuous yielding dampers 123. The lower end plate 121 is installed on the lower steel arch assembly 22. The cross-sectional size of the lower component 12 of the nonlinear continuous yielding device (the lower end plate 121), the cross-sectional size of the lower steel arch assembly 22, and the cross-sectional size inside the sleeve 111 correspond to each other. Both the lower component 12 of the nonlinear continuous yielding device and the lower steel arch assembly 22 are installed inside the sleeve 111 and move along the extension direction inside the sleeve 111. Four through holes 122 are formed in the lower end plate 121. One nonlinear continuous yielding damper 123 is welded or threadedly connected and installed in each through hole 122. The positions and number of the truncated conical end heads 115 of the upper component 11 of the nonlinear continuous yielding device correspond to the positions and number of the nonlinear continuous yielding dampers 123 of the lower component 12 of the nonlinear continuous yielding device, respectively. The four nonlinear continuous yielding dampers 123 are located on both sides of the web of the lower steel arch assembly 22, respectively. The nonlinear continuous yielding damper 123 comprises a damping cylinder 124 and a bottom sealing end plate 125. The damping cylinder 124 is internally provided with a truncated conical wall 126. The inner diameter of the truncated conical wall 126 gradually decreases from top to bottom. The bottom sealing end plate 125 is arranged at the bottom end of the damping cylinder 124 and is used to seal the bottom end of the damping cylinder 124. Both the connecting rod 114 and the truncated conical end head 115 are installed in the damping cylinder 124 of the nonlinear continuous yielding damper 123. In addition, the top of the damping cylinder 124 is provided with a one-way clamping buckle 127. The one-way clamping buckle 127 can limit the truncated conical end head 115 and prevent the truncated conical end head 115 from moving out of the damping cylinder 124. The one-way clamping buckle 127 is composed of a plurality of arc-shaped rotating plates. The arc-shaped rotating plates are arranged along the inner periphery of the opening end of the damping cylinder 124. In the embodiment, four arc-shaped rotating plates are arranged. The outer side of each arc-shaped rotating plate is connected to the damping cylinder 124 through a rotatable member (a torsional spring can be used). A hole through which the connecting rod 114 passes is formed between the inner sides of the four arc-shaped rotating plates. In the normal state, the arc-shaped rotating plates are in a horizontal state. When the arc-shaped rotating plates are subjected to a downward force, the arc-shaped rotating plates rotate downward. When the downward force disappears, the arc-shaped rotating plates rotate back to the horizontal state. When the arc-shaped rotating plates are subjected to an upward force, the arc-shaped rotating plates remain in the horizontal state and do not rotate upward.

[0041] The upper end plate 112 of the upper assembly 11 of the nonlinear continuous yielding device is connected with the connecting plate 23 of the upper steel arch assembly 21 by a bolt structure, and the lower end plate 121 of the lower assembly 12 of the nonlinear continuous yielding device is connected with the connecting plate 23 of the lower steel arch assembly 22 by a bolt structure. The connecting plate 23 of the lower steel arch assembly 22 is provided with a placing hole for placing the nonlinear continuous yielding damper 123 (the damping cylinder 124), and the upper end plate 112 of the upper assembly 11 of the nonlinear continuous yielding device, the connecting plate 23 of the upper steel arch assembly 21, the lower end plate 121 of the lower assembly 12 of the nonlinear continuous yielding device and the connecting plate 23 of the lower steel arch assembly 22 are all provided with four screw holes 116 arranged in an array, and the bolt structure is composed of a bolt 24 and a nut 25.

[0042] As shown in Figures 1-10 The working method of the nonlinear continuous yielding device 1 is as follows:

[0043] When the truncated cone end head 115 extrudes the one-way clamping buckle 127 downward, the arc-shaped rotating plate rotates downward, so that the truncated cone end head 115 enters the damping cylinder 124, and when the truncated cone end head 115 completely enters the damping cylinder 124, the arc-shaped rotating plate rotates to a horizontal state, the connecting rod 114 is located in the hole formed between the inner sides of the arc-shaped rotating plate, the one-way clamping buckle 127 can limit the truncated cone end head 115 from separating from the outside of the damping cylinder 124, and the hole formed between the inner sides of the arc-shaped rotating plate guides the connecting rod 114. The truncated cone end head 115 extrudes and rubs the truncated cone wall 126 of the nonlinear continuous yielding damper 123, so as to realize nonlinear continuous yielding deformation. When the nonlinear continuous yielding damper 123 deforms to the limit, the upper end plate 112 and the lower end plate 121 can be completely attached, the small space between the steel arches a can be fully utilized, the deformation amount of the steel arches a is increased, and the stability of the steel arches a is enhanced. In this process, the friction between the sleeve 111 and the lower steel arch assembly 22 can be reduced by arranging the balls 118 on the side plates 113 of the sleeve 111.

[0044] The beneficial technical effects of the embodiment are as follows:

[0045] (1) The truncated cone end head extrudes and rubs the truncated cone wall of the nonlinear continuous yielding damper, so as to realize nonlinear continuous yielding deformation;

[0046] (2) The truncated cone wall can adapt to different surrounding rocks according to different geological conditions or surrounding rock deformation, so as to protect the steel arches;

[0047] (3) When the surrounding rock pressure or deformation is large, the nonlinear continuous yielding device can reduce the deformation of the steel arches themselves and prevent the steel arches from being twisted and crushed;

[0048] (4) Steel arch insert sleeve and a plurality of connecting rod insert damping cylinder are arranged, which can not only guide the deformation direction of the steel arch, but also increase the overall stability between the steel arch and the pressure relief device. When the pressure relief device deforms, the friction between the sleeve and the steel arch can be reduced through the arrangement of the ball on the side plate of the sleeve;

[0049] (5) The nonlinear continuous pressure relief damper is arranged at the lower part of the lower end plate of the steel arch. When the nonlinear continuous pressure relief damper deforms to the limit, the upper end plate and the lower end plate of the steel arch can be completely attached, the small space between the steel arches can be fully utilized, the deformation amount of the steel arch can be increased, and the stability of the steel arch can be enhanced.

[0050] Although the above embodiments have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings for the purpose of illustrating the concepts and embodiments of the present application, those skilled in the art can recognize that various improvements and changes can be made to the present application without departing from the scope defined by the claims, and therefore, detailed description is not given here.

Claims

1. A nonlinear continuous yielding split steel arch, characterized in that: The steel arch is composed of a plurality of steel arch assemblies, the steel arch assembly is an I-shaped steel structure, two adjacent steel arch assemblies are connected by a nonlinear continuous yielding device, the two adjacent steel arch assemblies are an upper steel arch assembly and a lower steel arch assembly, the nonlinear continuous yielding device is composed of a nonlinear continuous yielding device upper assembly and a nonlinear continuous yielding device lower assembly, the nonlinear continuous yielding device upper assembly and the nonlinear continuous yielding device lower assembly are respectively installed on the upper steel arch assembly and the lower steel arch assembly by bolt connection, the nonlinear continuous yielding device upper assembly includes a sleeve, a connecting rod and a truncated cone end, the sleeve is a rectangular structure with a cover assembled by an upper end plate and four side plates, the inner walls of the side plates facing the wings of the steel arch assembly are provided with a plurality of parallel sliding grooves, a plurality of self-rotating balls are arranged in the sliding grooves, the connecting rod is provided with a plurality of connecting rods, the connecting rod is installed on the upper end plate and located in the sleeve, the truncated cone end is connected with the lower end of the connecting rod, the outer diameter of the truncated cone end gradually decreases from top to bottom, the nonlinear continuous yielding device lower assembly includes a lower end plate and a nonlinear continuous yielding damper, the lower end plate is installed on the lower steel arch assembly, a plurality of through holes are formed in the lower end plate, and one nonlinear continuous yielding damper is installed in each through hole, the nonlinear continuous yielding device lower assembly and the lower steel arch assembly are installed in the sleeve, and the connecting rod and the truncated cone end are installed in the nonlinear continuous yielding damper.

2. The nonlinear continuous yield split-type steel arch frame according to claim 1, wherein: The nonlinear continuous yielding damper includes a damping cylinder and a bottom sealing end plate, the inside of the damping cylinder is provided with a truncated cone wall, the inner diameter of the truncated cone wall gradually decreases from top to bottom, and the bottom sealing end plate is arranged at the bottom end of the damping cylinder and used for sealing the bottom end of the damping cylinder.

3. The nonlinear continuous yield split steel arch brace of claim 2, wherein: The top of the damping cylinder is provided with a one-way clamping buckle.

4. The nonlinear continuous-yielding split steel arch brace of claim 3, wherein: The one-way clamping buckle is composed of a plurality of arc-shaped rotating plates, the arc-shaped rotating plates are arranged along the inner circumferential surface of the opening end of the damping cylinder, the outer side of each arc-shaped rotating plate is connected with the damping cylinder through a rotatable piece, and a hole allowing the connecting rod to pass through is formed between the inner sides of the arc-shaped rotating plates.

5. The nonlinear continuous yield split arch steel formwork as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The upper end plate of the nonlinear continuous yielding device upper assembly and the connecting plate of the upper steel arch assembly are connected by a bolt structure, and the lower end plate of the nonlinear continuous yielding device lower assembly and the connecting plate of the lower steel arch assembly are connected by a bolt structure.

6. The nonlinear continuous yield split arch steel formwork as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The positions and numbers of the truncated cone ends of the nonlinear continuous yielding device upper assembly correspond to the positions and numbers of the nonlinear continuous yielding dampers of the nonlinear continuous yielding device lower assembly.

7. The nonlinear continuous yield split arch steel formwork as claimed in claim 6, wherein: The truncated cone ends of the nonlinear continuous yielding device upper assembly and the nonlinear continuous yielding dampers of the nonlinear continuous yielding device lower assembly are arranged in an array, the numbers of the truncated cone ends are evenly distributed on both sides of the web plate of the upper steel arch assembly, and the numbers of the nonlinear continuous yielding dampers are evenly distributed on both sides of the web plate of the lower steel arch assembly.

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