A device and method for alarming the settlement and deformation of collapsible loess roadbed

Abstract

The invention discloses a collapsible loess roadbed settlement deformation alarm device and method, which relates to the technical field of collapsible loess roadbed settlement monitoring, and includes a collapsible loess roadbed settlement deformation detection unit and a deformation alarm unit. The monitoring of the settlement deformation of the collapsible loess roadbed of the invention is realized by combining physical monitoring technology with large model prediction, wherein the collapsible loess roadbed settlement deformation detection unit can realize patrol inspection by using a flying vehicle carrying a laser ranging sensor; the collapsible loess roadbed settlement prediction module constructs a roadbed settlement prediction model, and calculates the predicted roadbed height based on the predicted settlement value; finally, the roadbed deformation detection and analysis module compares the difference between the roadbed monitoring height value and the roadbed predicted height value, and if the difference value exceeds the set threshold condition, it can be determined that the target collapsible loess roadbed has a risk of exceeding the deformation standard; and the systematic and accurate monitoring of the deformation of the collapsible loess roadbed can be realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of collapsible loess roadbed settlement monitoring, and in particular to a collapsible loess roadbed settlement deformation alarm device and method. Background Art

[0002] Collapsible loess has high porosity and relatively low density, and is mainly composed of quartz, feldspar and clay minerals. This soil easily absorbs water and expands when it comes into contact with water, and shrinks when it dries, resulting in a decrease in strength and settlement.

[0003] Collapsible loess is relatively stable in a naturally dry state, but its internal structure is easily destroyed under the influence of external loads and moisture changes, resulting in volume reduction and strength reduction. Moisture changes and external loads are the main causes of settlement.

[0004] At present, the monitoring technology for the settlement and deformation of collapsible loess roadbed has been developed, including the use of high-tech means such as synthetic aperture radar interferometry technology to carry out large-scale and high-precision monitoring.

[0005] In order to effectively control the settlement of collapsible loess roadbed, researchers have proposed comprehensive control technologies, including foundation treatment and drainage design.

[0006] While technologies such as synthetic aperture radar interferometry provide effective monitoring means, they can be limited by incomplete image coverage in complex terrain or remote areas.

[0007] Therefore, it is urgent to design a detection technology for the deformation of collapsible loess foundation, to achieve accurate monitoring of the deformation of collapsible loess foundation, and to issue an alarm based on the abnormalities of the monitoring data. Summary of the invention

[0008] In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems of detecting and alarming the settlement deformation of collapsible loess roadbed, the present invention provides a device and method for alarming the settlement deformation of collapsible loess roadbed. The following technical solutions are adopted:

[0009] A collapsible loess roadbed settlement deformation alarm device, comprising a collapsible loess roadbed settlement deformation detection unit and a deformation alarm unit, wherein the collapsible loess roadbed settlement deformation detection unit comprises a plurality of roadbed height detection sensor devices, a roadbed height detection sensor data analysis module, a collapsible loess roadbed settlement prediction module and a roadbed deformation detection and analysis module, wherein the roadbed height detection sensor device comprises an elevation piece, an aerial vehicle, a laser ranging sensor and a monitoring controller, wherein the elevation piece is installed on one side of the collapsible loess roadbed, the laser ranging sensor is installed at the bottom of the aerial vehicle and is communicatively connected with the flight control system of the aerial vehicle, when the aerial vehicle flies to the air above the target collapsible loess roadbed monitoring point, the height is adjusted to be flush with the highest point of the elevation piece, the laser ranging sensor measures the distance toward the upper surface of the target collapsible loess roadbed, and the monitoring controller controls the execution actions of the aerial vehicle and the laser ranging sensor respectively;

[0010] The roadbed height detection sensor data analysis module is connected to the flight control system of the flight vehicle for communication, collects the measured distances of a plurality of equally spaced target collapsible loess roadbed monitoring points, and respectively calculates the roadbed monitoring heights of the plurality of equally spaced target collapsible loess roadbed monitoring points;

[0011] The collapsible loess roadbed settlement prediction module constructs a roadbed settlement prediction model, inputs settlement correlation parameters of a target collapsible loess roadbed, outputs a settlement prediction value of the target collapsible loess roadbed based on a time series, and calculates a predicted roadbed height based on the settlement prediction value;

[0012] The roadbed deformation detection and analysis module is respectively connected to the roadbed height detection sensor data analysis module and the collapsible loess roadbed settlement prediction module for communication, and compares the difference between the roadbed monitoring height value and the roadbed predicted height value;

[0013] The deformation alarm unit is in communication connection with the roadbed deformation detection and analysis module. When it is determined that the difference is greater than a set threshold, the deformation alarm unit turns on an excessive deformation alarm.

[0014] Optionally, the elevation member includes a base member, a support rod and an elevation plate. The base member is pre-buried on one side of the collapsible loess roadbed and is more than five meters away from the side of the collapsible loess roadbed. The bottom of the support rod is installed on the upper surface of the base member. The elevation plate is detachably installed on the top of the support rod and leveled.

[0015] By adopting the above technical scheme, the monitoring of the settlement and deformation of the collapsible loess roadbed is realized by combining physical monitoring technology and large model prediction. The settlement and deformation detection unit of the collapsible loess roadbed can realize patrol inspection by using a flying vehicle carrying a laser ranging sensor, and can perform height detection on multiple monitoring points in the same time period. The measurement benchmark is the elevation piece installed on one side of the collapsible loess roadbed. The elevation piece is more than five meters away from the side of the collapsible loess roadbed and is deeply buried in the stable soil layer, which can avoid the influence of the settlement near the roadbed on the height detection value.

[0016] The subsidence prediction module for collapsible loess roadbed builds a subsidence prediction model, inputs the settlement correlation parameters of the target collapsible loess roadbed, outputs the settlement prediction value of the target collapsible loess roadbed based on the time series, and calculates the predicted height of the roadbed based on the settlement prediction value;

[0017] The settlement correlation parameters here can be obtained based on experiments. The mechanism and calculation method of collapsible loess deformation due to wetting are studied, a reasonable, simple and practical constitutive model is selected, the loess collapsible deformation is calculated by finite element software, and a practical collapsible deformation calculation formula is given by using statistical regression, experimental and numerical calculation results. The correctness of the roadbed settlement prediction model is verified by combining field tests.

[0018] Large-area on-site immersion tests can be carried out to analyze the self-weight collapse characteristics of collapsible loess roadbed under saturated, unsaturated and non-Darcy seepage conditions, and to study the regional distribution of collapse. Based on the circular hole expansion theory, an elastic-plastic analysis model for treating collapsible loess areas with the lime pile compaction method is established. Indoor tests are carried out through on-site sampling to determine the physical parameters of the soil layer of the collapsible loess roadbed after treatment.

[0019] Finally, the difference between the roadbed monitoring height value and the roadbed predicted height value is compared through the roadbed deformation detection and analysis module. If the difference value exceeds the set threshold condition, it can be determined that the target collapsible loess roadbed is at risk of exceeding the deformation standard, and the deformation alarm unit needs to be used to promptly alert the staff to deal with it in time.

[0020] Optionally, the flying vehicle is a quad-rotor UAV, a payload mounting portion is provided at the bottom of the flying vehicle, a communication power supply socket is provided at the bottom of the payload mounting portion, the laser ranging sensor is detachably mounted on the payload mounting portion, and is communicated with the flight control system of the flying vehicle through the communication power supply socket.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, the quad-rotor drone has good hovering characteristics and can reduce the error of the detection value of the laser ranging sensor.

[0022] Optionally, the roadbed height detection sensor data analysis module includes a wireless communication module, a first memory and a first data analysis chip. The wireless communication module is wirelessly connected to the flight control system, the first memory is communicatively connected to the wireless communication module, the first data analysis chip is communicatively connected to the first memory, and the first data analysis chip respectively calculates the roadbed monitoring heights of multiple equally spaced target collapsible loess roadbed monitoring points.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, the reference point height value of the elevation piece is a. Assuming that the sensor head end of the laser ranging sensor is aligned with the elevation piece when the flying vehicle is in a hovering state, the height of the sensor head end of the laser ranging sensor is also a. Assuming the ranging value is b, the roadbed monitoring height of the target collapsible loess roadbed monitoring point is ab. This calculation process will not be elaborated on.

[0024] Optionally, the settlement prediction module for collapsible loess roadbed includes a data entry module and a computer, wherein the data entry module is in communication connection with the computer and is used to enter settlement-related parameters of the target collapsible loess roadbed, wherein the settlement-related parameters of the target collapsible loess roadbed include initial soil layer thickness, initial void ratio, consolidation coefficient, number of soil layers, void ratio of each soil layer and predicted thickness change of each soil layer, and the computer constructs a roadbed settlement prediction model, and the prediction formula of the roadbed settlement prediction model is as follows:

[0025] ;

[0026] Where S is the predicted settlement value, is the initial soil layer thickness, is the initial void ratio, is the consolidation coefficient, is the predicted value of the thickness change of the i-th soil layer, is the void ratio of the i-th soil layer, and n is the number of soil layers.

[0027] Optionally, the initial soil layer thickness, initial void ratio, consolidation coefficient, void ratio of each soil layer and number of soil layers are obtained by using the same roadbed test as the target collapsible loess roadbed;

[0028] The predicted value of the thickness change of the i-th layer of soil is predicted using the multivariate linear regression equation:

[0029] ;

[0030] is the independent variable, is the regression coefficient, is the error term.

[0031] By adopting the above technical solution, it is possible to obtain the relevant parameters of the target collapsible loess roadbed soil layer based on the test, and based on these parameters and measurable data such as the initial settlement value, predict the settlement value of the target collapsible loess roadbed based on time changes, providing a reference value for subsequent deformation analysis;

[0032] Independent variables refer to independent variable parameters such as temperature, load, water level, etc. in the roadbed test using the same collapsible loess roadbed as the target.

[0033] Optionally, the roadbed deformation detection and analysis module includes a second memory and a second data analysis chip, the second memory is respectively communicated with the roadbed height detection sensor data analysis module and the collapsible loess roadbed settlement prediction module, the second data analysis chip is communicated with the second memory, and the difference between the roadbed monitoring height value and the roadbed predicted height value of the target collapsible loess roadbed monitoring point is respectively calculated. ; where m is the number of monitoring points, set the difference threshold , if there is any difference greater than 2 times , or there are at least two consecutive difference values ​​greater than Less than 2 times , the second data analysis chip communicates with the deformation alarm unit to output a monitoring deformation exceeding standard signal.

[0034] By adopting the above technical solution, generally speaking, the monitoring points can be spaced one meter apart, or other interval values. If any difference value is greater than 2 times , the possibility is either a local collapse or a large error in the test value, and the staff needs to be reminded to go to the site in time to determine the cause and deal with it; when there are at least two consecutive difference values ​​greater than Less than 2 times , it can be understood that there has been excessive settlement in the region, and staff should be reminded to go to the scene in time to determine the cause and deal with it.

[0035] Optionally, the deformation alarm unit is an audible and visual alarm.

[0036] A method for alarming the settlement and deformation of a collapsible loess roadbed is provided, wherein a device for alarming the settlement and deformation of a collapsible loess roadbed is used to monitor the deformation of a target collapsible loess roadbed, and an alarm is issued when the monitored deformation exceeds the standard, and the method comprises the following steps:

[0037] Step 1: The monitoring controller controls the flying vehicle to fly to multiple monitoring points of the target collapsible loess roadbed and hover in turn every 24 hours, and controls the laser ranging sensor to obtain a set of distance values ​​from the monitoring points on the roadbed surface;

[0038] Step 2: The roadbed height detection sensor data analysis module calculates the roadbed monitoring height values ​​of multiple target collapsible loess roadbed monitoring points based on the roadbed surface monitoring point distance value set;

[0039] Step 3, the collapsible loess roadbed settlement prediction module inputs the settlement correlation parameter and monitoring time parameter of the target collapsible loess roadbed, outputs the settlement prediction value of the target collapsible loess roadbed, and calculates the predicted roadbed height based on the settlement prediction value;

[0040] Step 4: The roadbed deformation detection and analysis module calculates the difference between the roadbed monitoring height value and the roadbed predicted height value at multiple monitoring points of the target collapsible loess roadbed, and records them as ; where m is the number of monitoring points, set the difference threshold , if there is any difference greater than 2 times , or there are at least two consecutive difference values ​​greater than Less than 2 times , the roadbed deformation detection and analysis module communicates with the deformation alarm unit to output a monitoring deformation exceeding standard signal, otherwise it outputs a monitoring deformation not exceeding standard signal;

[0041] Step 5: When the monitoring deformation exceeds the limit signal is output in step 4, the deformation alarm unit turns on the deformation exceeds the limit alarm.

[0042] Optionally, in step 3, the predicted settlement value is used to calculate the predicted roadbed height The calculation formula is:

[0043] ;

[0044] in is the predicted height of the roadbed, is the initial height value of the target collapsible loess roadbed, It is the predicted settlement value of the target collapsible loess roadbed.

[0045] In summary, the present invention includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0046] The present invention can provide a device and method for alarming the settlement and deformation of collapsible loess roadbed. The monitoring of the settlement and deformation of the collapsible loess roadbed is realized by combining physical monitoring technology with large model prediction. The settlement and deformation detection unit of the collapsible loess roadbed can realize patrol inspection by using a flying vehicle carrying a laser ranging sensor. The height detection of multiple monitoring points can be performed in the same time period. The measurement benchmark is an elevation piece installed on one side of the collapsible loess roadbed. The elevation piece is more than five meters away from the side of the collapsible loess roadbed and is deeply buried in a stable soil layer, which can avoid the influence of settlement near the roadbed on the height detection value.

[0047] The subsidence prediction module for collapsible loess roadbed builds a subsidence prediction model, inputs the settlement correlation parameters of the target collapsible loess roadbed, outputs the settlement prediction value of the target collapsible loess roadbed based on the time series, and calculates the predicted height of the roadbed based on the settlement prediction value;

[0048] Finally, the difference between the roadbed monitoring height value and the roadbed predicted height value is compared through the roadbed deformation detection and analysis module. If the difference value exceeds the set threshold condition, it can be determined that the target collapsible loess roadbed is at risk of exceeding the deformation standard, and it is necessary to promptly use the deformation alarm unit to remind the staff to deal with it in time. It can realize systematic and accurate monitoring of the deformation of collapsible loess roadbed, and provide important technical means for engineering construction in large-thickness self-weight collapsible loess areas and intelligent monitoring of the entire foundation treatment process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0049] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the connection principle of the electrical components of a collapsible loess roadbed settlement deformation alarm device of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 2 The present invention is a schematic diagram of the structural principle of the detection state of a collapsible loess roadbed settlement deformation detection unit of a collapsible loess roadbed settlement deformation alarm device.

[0051] Explanation of the reference numerals in the accompanying drawings: 11. elevation member; 111. base member; 112. support rod; 113. elevation plate; 12. flying vehicle; 13. laser ranging sensor; 14. monitoring controller; 2. roadbed height detection sensor data analysis module; 21. wireless communication module; 22. first memory; 23. first data analysis chip; 3. collapsible loess roadbed settlement prediction module; 31. data entry module; 32. computer; 4. roadbed deformation detection and analysis module; 41. second memory; 42. second data analysis chip; 5. deformation alarm unit; 100. flight control system. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0052] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0053] The embodiment of the invention discloses a device and method for alarming the settlement and deformation of collapsible loess roadbed.

[0054] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2, Embodiment 1, a collapsible loess roadbed settlement deformation alarm device, including a collapsible loess roadbed settlement deformation detection unit and a deformation alarm unit 5, the collapsible loess roadbed settlement deformation detection unit includes a plurality of roadbed height detection sensor devices, a roadbed height detection sensor data analysis module 2, a collapsible loess roadbed settlement prediction module 3 and a roadbed deformation detection and analysis module 4, the roadbed height detection sensor device includes an elevation piece 11, an aerial vehicle 12, a laser ranging sensor 13 and a monitoring controller 14, the elevation piece 11 is installed on one side of the collapsible loess roadbed, the laser ranging sensor 13 is installed at the bottom of the aerial vehicle 12, and is communicatively connected with the flight control system 100 of the aerial vehicle 12, when the aerial vehicle 12 flies to the air above the target collapsible loess roadbed monitoring point, the height is adjusted to be flush with the highest point of the elevation piece 11, the laser ranging sensor 13 measures the distance toward the upper surface of the target collapsible loess roadbed, and the monitoring controller 14 controls the execution actions of the aerial vehicle 12 and the laser ranging sensor 13 respectively;

[0055] The roadbed height detection sensor data analysis module 2 is connected to the flight control system 100 of the flight vehicle 12 for communication, collects the measured distances of a plurality of equally spaced target collapsible loess roadbed monitoring points, and respectively calculates the roadbed monitoring heights of a plurality of equally spaced target collapsible loess roadbed monitoring points;

[0056] The collapsible loess roadbed settlement prediction module 3 constructs a roadbed settlement prediction model, inputs settlement correlation parameters of the target collapsible loess roadbed, outputs a settlement prediction value of the target collapsible loess roadbed based on a time series, and calculates the predicted roadbed height based on the settlement prediction value;

[0057] The roadbed deformation detection and analysis module 4 is respectively connected to the roadbed height detection sensor data analysis module 2 and the collapsible loess roadbed settlement prediction module 3 to compare the difference between the roadbed monitoring height value and the roadbed prediction height value;

[0058] The deformation alarm unit 5 is in communication connection with the roadbed deformation detection and analysis module 4. When it is determined that the difference is greater than a set threshold, the deformation alarm unit 5 turns on an alarm indicating that the deformation exceeds the limit.

[0059] Embodiment 2, the elevation member 11 includes a base member 111, a support rod 112 and an elevation plate 113. The base member 111 is pre-buried on one side of the collapsible loess roadbed, more than five meters away from the side of the collapsible loess roadbed. The bottom of the support rod 112 is installed on the upper surface of the base member 111, and the elevation plate 113 is detachably installed on the top of the support rod 112 and leveled.

[0060] The monitoring of the settlement and deformation of the collapsible loess roadbed is achieved by combining physical monitoring technology and large model prediction. The settlement and deformation detection unit of the collapsible loess roadbed can be inspected by using an aerial vehicle 12 carrying a laser ranging sensor 13. The height detection of multiple monitoring points can be performed in the same time period. The measurement benchmark is an elevation piece 11 installed on one side of the collapsible loess roadbed. The elevation piece 11 is more than five meters away from the side of the collapsible loess roadbed and is deeply buried in the stable soil layer, which can avoid the influence of the settlement near the roadbed on the height detection value.

[0061] The collapsible loess roadbed settlement prediction module 3 constructs a roadbed settlement prediction model, inputs settlement correlation parameters of the target collapsible loess roadbed, outputs a settlement prediction value of the target collapsible loess roadbed based on a time series, and calculates the predicted roadbed height based on the settlement prediction value;

[0062] The settlement correlation parameters here can be obtained based on experiments. The mechanism and calculation method of collapsible loess deformation due to wetting are studied, a reasonable, simple and practical constitutive model is selected, the loess collapsible deformation is calculated by finite element software, and a practical collapsible deformation calculation formula is given by using statistical regression, experimental and numerical calculation results. The correctness of the roadbed settlement prediction model is verified by combining field tests.

[0063] Large-area on-site immersion tests can be carried out to analyze the self-weight collapse characteristics of collapsible loess roadbed under saturated, unsaturated and non-Darcy seepage conditions, and to study the regional distribution of collapse. Based on the circular hole expansion theory, an elastic-plastic analysis model for treating collapsible loess areas with the lime pile compaction method is established. Indoor tests are carried out through on-site sampling to determine the physical parameters of the soil layer of the collapsible loess roadbed after treatment.

[0064] Finally, the difference between the roadbed monitoring height value and the roadbed predicted height value is compared through the roadbed deformation detection and analysis module 4. If the difference value exceeds the set threshold condition, it can be determined that the target collapsible loess roadbed is at risk of exceeding the deformation standard, and it is necessary to promptly alarm through the deformation alarm unit 5 to remind the staff to deal with it in time.

[0065] In Example 3, the flying vehicle 12 is a quad-rotor UAV, a payload mounting portion is provided at the bottom of the flying vehicle 12, a communication power supply socket is provided at the bottom of the payload mounting portion, the laser ranging sensor 13 is detachably mounted on the payload mounting portion, and is communicatively connected with the flight control system 100 of the flying vehicle 12 through the communication power supply socket.

[0066] The quad-rotor drone has good hovering characteristics, which can reduce the error of the detection value of the laser ranging sensor 13.

[0067] Embodiment 4, the roadbed height detection sensor data analysis module 2 includes a wireless communication module 21, a first memory 22 and a first data analysis chip 23. The wireless communication module 21 is wirelessly connected to the flight control system 100, the first memory 22 is communicatively connected to the wireless communication module 21, and the first data analysis chip 23 is communicatively connected to the first memory 22. The first data analysis chip 23 respectively calculates the roadbed monitoring heights of multiple equally spaced target collapsible loess roadbed monitoring points.

[0068] The reference point height value of the elevation piece 11 is a. Assuming that the sensor head end of the laser ranging sensor 13 is aligned with the height of the elevation piece 11 when the flying vehicle 12 is in a hovering state, the height of the sensor head end of the laser ranging sensor 13 is also a. Assuming the ranging value is b, the roadbed monitoring height of the target collapsible loess roadbed monitoring point is ab. This calculation process will not be elaborated on.

[0069] Embodiment 5, the settlement prediction module 3 of the collapsible loess roadbed includes a data entry module 31 and a computer 32, the data entry module 31 is in communication connection with the computer 32, and is used to enter the settlement-related parameters of the target collapsible loess roadbed, the settlement-related parameters of the target collapsible loess roadbed include the initial soil layer thickness, the initial porosity, the consolidation coefficient, the number of soil layers, the porosity of each soil layer and the predicted thickness change of each soil layer, the computer 32 constructs a roadbed settlement prediction model, and the prediction formula of the roadbed settlement prediction model is as follows:

[0070] ;

[0071] Where S is the predicted settlement value, is the initial soil layer thickness, is the initial void ratio, is the consolidation coefficient, is the predicted value of the thickness change of the i-th soil layer, is the void ratio of the i-th soil layer, and n is the number of soil layers.

[0072] In Example 6, the initial soil layer thickness, initial void ratio, consolidation coefficient, void ratio of each soil layer and number of soil layers are obtained by using the same roadbed test as the target collapsible loess roadbed;

[0073] The predicted value of the thickness change of the i-th layer of soil is predicted using the multivariate linear regression equation:

[0074] ;

[0075] is the independent variable, is the regression coefficient, is the error term.

[0076] It is possible to obtain relevant parameters of the target collapsible loess roadbed soil layer based on the test, and based on these parameters and measurable data such as initial settlement values, predict the settlement value of the target collapsible loess roadbed based on time changes, providing a reference value for subsequent deformation analysis.

[0077] Independent variables refer to independent variable parameters such as temperature, load, water level, etc. in the roadbed test using the same collapsible loess roadbed as the target.

[0078] Embodiment 7, the roadbed deformation detection and analysis module 4 includes a second memory 41 and a second data analysis chip 42, the second memory 41 is respectively connected to the roadbed height detection sensor data analysis module 2 and the collapsible loess roadbed settlement prediction module 3, the second data analysis chip 42 is connected to the second memory 41, and respectively calculates the difference between the roadbed monitoring height value and the roadbed predicted height value of the target collapsible loess roadbed monitoring point ; where m is the number of monitoring points, set the difference threshold , if there is any difference greater than 2 times , or there are at least two consecutive difference values ​​greater than Less than 2 times , the second data analysis chip 42 communicates with the deformation alarm unit 5 to output a monitoring deformation exceeding standard signal.

[0079] Generally speaking, the monitoring points can be spaced one meter apart, or at other intervals. If any difference is greater than 2 times , the possibility is either a local collapse or a large error in the test value, and the staff needs to be reminded to go to the site in time to determine the cause and deal with it; when there are at least two consecutive difference values ​​greater than Less than 2 times , it can be understood that there has been excessive settlement in the region, and staff should be reminded to go to the scene in time to determine the cause and deal with it.

[0080] In the eighth embodiment, the deformation alarm unit 5 is an audible and visual alarm.

[0081] Embodiment 9, a method for alarming the settlement and deformation of collapsible loess roadbed, using a device for alarming the settlement and deformation of collapsible loess roadbed to monitor the deformation of a target collapsible loess roadbed, and alarming when the monitored deformation exceeds the standard, comprising the following steps:

[0082] Step 1, the monitoring controller 14 controls the flying vehicle 12 to fly to multiple monitoring points of the target collapsible loess roadbed in turn and hover every 24 hours, and controls the laser ranging sensor 13 to obtain a set of distance values ​​from the monitoring points on the roadbed surface;

[0083] Step 2, the roadbed height detection sensor data analysis module 2 calculates the roadbed monitoring height values ​​of multiple target collapsible loess roadbed monitoring points based on the roadbed surface monitoring point distance value set;

[0084] Step 3, the collapsible loess roadbed settlement prediction module 3 inputs the settlement correlation parameter and monitoring time parameter of the target collapsible loess roadbed, outputs the settlement prediction value of the target collapsible loess roadbed, and calculates the predicted roadbed height based on the settlement prediction value;

[0085] Step 4, the roadbed deformation detection and analysis module 4 calculates the difference between the roadbed monitoring height value and the roadbed predicted height value at multiple monitoring points of the target collapsible loess roadbed, and records them as ; where m is the number of monitoring points, set the difference threshold , if there is any difference greater than 2 times , or there are at least two consecutive difference values ​​greater than Less than 2 times , the roadbed deformation detection and analysis module 4 communicates with the deformation alarm unit 5 to output a monitoring deformation exceeding standard signal, otherwise it outputs a monitoring deformation not exceeding standard signal;

[0086] Step 5, when the monitoring deformation exceeding standard signal is output in step 4, the deformation alarm unit 5 turns on the deformation exceeding standard alarm.

[0087] Example 10, in step 3, the predicted settlement value is used to calculate the predicted roadbed height The calculation formula is:

[0088] ;

[0089] in is the predicted height of the roadbed, is the initial height value of the target collapsible loess roadbed, It is the predicted settlement value of the target collapsible loess roadbed.

[0090] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, any equivalent changes made based on the structure, shape, and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A collapsible loess roadbed settlement deformation alarm device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a collapsible loess roadbed settlement deformation detection unit and a deformation alarm unit (5), wherein the collapsible loess roadbed settlement deformation detection unit comprises a plurality of roadbed height detection sensor devices, a roadbed height detection sensor data analysis module (2), a collapsible loess roadbed settlement prediction module (3) and a roadbed deformation detection analysis module (4), wherein the roadbed height detection sensor device comprises an elevation component (11), a flying vehicle (12), a laser ranging sensor (13) and a monitoring controller (14), wherein the elevation component (11) is installed in a collapsible loess roadbed. On one side of the collapsible loess roadbed, the laser distance measuring sensor (13) is installed at the bottom of the flying vehicle (12) and is in communication connection with the flight control system (100) of the flying vehicle (12); when the flying vehicle (12) flies to the air above the target collapsible loess roadbed monitoring point, the height is adjusted to be flush with the highest point of the elevation piece (11), the laser distance measuring sensor (13) measures the distance toward the upper surface of the target collapsible loess roadbed, and the monitoring controller (14) controls the execution actions of the flying vehicle (12) and the laser distance measuring sensor (13) respectively; The roadbed height detection sensor data analysis module (2) is connected to the flight control system (100) of the flying vehicle (12) in communication, collects the measured distances of a plurality of equally spaced target collapsible loess roadbed monitoring points, and respectively calculates the roadbed monitoring heights of the plurality of equally spaced target collapsible loess roadbed monitoring points; The collapsible loess roadbed settlement prediction module (3) constructs a roadbed settlement prediction model, inputs settlement correlation parameters of a target collapsible loess roadbed, outputs a settlement prediction value of the target collapsible loess roadbed based on a time series, and calculates a predicted roadbed height based on the settlement prediction value; The roadbed deformation detection and analysis module (4) is respectively connected to the roadbed height detection sensor data analysis module (2) and the collapsible loess roadbed settlement prediction module (3) for communication, and compares the difference between the roadbed monitoring height value and the roadbed predicted height value; The deformation alarm unit (5) is in communication connection with the roadbed deformation detection and analysis module (4), and when it is determined that the difference is greater than a set threshold, the deformation alarm unit (5) activates an alarm for excessive deformation.

2. The collapsible loess roadbed settlement deformation alarm device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elevation member (11) comprises a base member (111), a support rod (112) and an elevation plate (113); the base member (111) is pre-buried on one side of the collapsible loess roadbed and is more than five meters away from the side of the collapsible loess roadbed; the bottom of the support rod (112) is mounted on the upper surface of the base member (111); the elevation plate (113) is detachably mounted on the top of the support rod (112) and is leveled.

3. The collapsible loess roadbed settlement deformation alarm device according to claim 2 is characterized by: The flying vehicle (12) is a four-rotor unmanned aerial vehicle; a load mounting portion is provided at the bottom of the flying vehicle (12); a communication power supply socket is provided at the bottom of the load mounting portion; the laser distance measuring sensor (13) is detachably mounted on the load mounting portion and is communicatively connected to a flight control system (100) of the flying vehicle (12) via the communication power supply socket.

4. The collapsible loess roadbed settlement deformation alarm device according to claim 3 is characterized by: The roadbed height detection sensor data analysis module (2) comprises a wireless communication module (21), a first memory (22) and a first data analysis chip (23); the wireless communication module (21) is wirelessly connected to the flight control system (100); the first memory (22) is communicatively connected to the wireless communication module (21); the first data analysis chip (23) is communicatively connected to the first memory (22); and the first data analysis chip (23) respectively calculates the roadbed monitoring heights of a plurality of equally spaced target collapsible loess roadbed monitoring points.

5. The collapsible loess roadbed settlement deformation alarm device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The collapsible loess roadbed settlement prediction module (3) comprises a data entry module (31) and a computer (32). The data entry module (31) is in communication connection with the computer (32) and is used to enter settlement-related parameters of a target collapsible loess roadbed. The settlement-related parameters of the target collapsible loess roadbed include initial soil layer thickness, initial void ratio, consolidation coefficient, number of soil layers, void ratio of each soil layer and predicted thickness variation of each soil layer. The computer (32) constructs a roadbed settlement prediction model. The prediction formula of the roadbed settlement prediction model is as follows: ； Where S is the predicted settlement value, is the initial soil layer thickness, is the initial void ratio, is the consolidation coefficient, is the predicted value of the thickness change of the i-th soil layer, is the void ratio of the i-th soil layer, and n is the number of soil layers.

6. The collapsible loess roadbed settlement deformation alarm device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The initial soil layer thickness, initial void ratio, consolidation coefficient, void ratio of each soil layer and number of soil layers were obtained by the same roadbed test as the target collapsible loess roadbed; The predicted value of the thickness change of the i-th layer of soil is predicted using the multivariate linear regression equation: ； is the independent variable, is the regression coefficient, is the error term.

7. The collapsible loess roadbed settlement deformation alarm device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The roadbed deformation detection and analysis module (4) comprises a second memory (41) and a second data analysis chip (42); the second memory (41) is respectively connected in communication with the roadbed height detection sensor data analysis module (2) and the collapsible loess roadbed settlement prediction module (3); the second data analysis chip (42) is connected in communication with the second memory (41) to respectively calculate the difference between the roadbed monitoring height value and the roadbed predicted height value at the target collapsible loess roadbed monitoring point. ; Where m is the number of monitoring points, set the difference threshold , if there is any difference greater than 2 times , or there are at least two consecutive difference values ​​greater than Less than 2 times , the second data analysis chip (42) communicates with the deformation alarm unit (5) to output a monitoring deformation exceeding standard signal.

8. The collapsible loess roadbed settlement deformation alarm device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The deformation alarm unit (5) is an audible and visual alarm.

9. A method for alarming the settlement and deformation of collapsible loess roadbed, characterized in that: The device for alarming the settlement and deformation of collapsible loess roadbed described in claim 8 is used to monitor the deformation of the target collapsible loess roadbed and to alarm when the monitored deformation exceeds the standard, comprising the following steps: Step 1, the monitoring controller (14) controls the flying vehicle (12) to fly to multiple monitoring points of the target collapsible loess roadbed in turn and hover every 24 hours, and controls the laser ranging sensor (13) to obtain a set of distance values ​​from the monitoring points on the roadbed surface; Step 2, the roadbed height detection sensor data analysis module (2) calculates the roadbed monitoring height values ​​of multiple target collapsible loess roadbed monitoring points based on the roadbed surface monitoring point distance value set; Step 3, the collapsible loess roadbed settlement prediction module (3) inputs the settlement correlation parameter and monitoring time parameter of the target collapsible loess roadbed, outputs the settlement prediction value of the target collapsible loess roadbed, and calculates the predicted roadbed height based on the settlement prediction value; Step 4, the roadbed deformation detection and analysis module (4) calculates the difference between the roadbed monitoring height value and the roadbed predicted height value at multiple monitoring points of the target collapsible loess roadbed, and records them as ; where m is the number of monitoring points, set the difference threshold , if there is any difference greater than 2 times , or there are at least two consecutive difference values ​​greater than Less than 2 times , the roadbed deformation detection and analysis module (4) communicates with the deformation alarm unit (5) to output a monitoring deformation exceeding standard signal, otherwise it outputs a monitoring deformation not exceeding standard signal; Step 5, when the monitoring deformation exceeding standard signal is output in step 4, the deformation alarm unit (5) turns on the deformation exceeding standard alarm.

10. A method for alarming the settlement and deformation of collapsible loess roadbed according to claim 9, characterized in that: In step 3, the predicted settlement value is used to calculate the predicted roadbed height The calculation formula is: ； in is the predicted height of the roadbed, is the initial height value of the target collapsible loess roadbed, It is the predicted settlement value of the target collapsible loess roadbed.

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