Flat single-axis photovoltaic support full-aeroelastic model and manufacturing method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a flat single-shaft photovoltaic support full-aeroelastic model and a manufacturing method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of aerodynamic models.The aeroelastic model comprises a plurality of stand columns arranged in an array mode, the tops of each row of stand columns are connected through a main shaft, and a photovoltaic assembly is connected with the main shaft through purlines; the inclination state of the photovoltaic module is adjusted through the driving motor; the method comprises the steps of determining the shape similarity of an aeroelastic model and a flat single-axis photovoltaic support prototype, determining the geometric scale ratio of the aeroelastic model according to the size of the flat single-axis photovoltaic support prototype and the section size of a wind tunnel laboratory, determining the dynamic characteristic similarity of the aeroelastic model and the flat single-axis photovoltaic support prototype, and finally manufacturing the aeroelastic model according to the scale ratio. The aeroelastic model for simulating the flat single-axis photovoltaic support is obtained through scale reduction, and the aeroelastic model is suitable for carrying out related tests on the flat single-axis photovoltaic support in a wind tunnel so as to obtain test data of wind vibration response and provide data support for design of the flat single-axis photovoltaic support.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of aerodynamic models, and in particular relates to a flat single-axis photovoltaic bracket full aeroelastic model and a manufacturing method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the increasing global demand for renewable energy, photovoltaic power generation has been widely used as a clean and sustainable form of energy. In photovoltaic power generation systems, brackets are key components for installing photovoltaic modules, and their design directly affects the overall performance and economic benefits of photovoltaic systems.

[0003] Flat single-axis photovoltaic brackets have the advantages of high efficiency, simple structure, strong adaptability and good stability. Whether it is a large photovoltaic power station or a photovoltaic power generation system on a household roof, flat single-axis photovoltaic brackets can be used to improve power generation efficiency. In order to ensure the structural wind resistance design safety of flat single-axis photovoltaic brackets, it is necessary to test and analyze their wind vibration response.

[0004] At present, the wind vibration response test methods for photovoltaic brackets are mainly divided into field measurement, numerical simulation and wind tunnel test. However, due to the high uncontrollability of field measurement and complex data processing, numerical simulation has the disadvantages of strong dependence on models and high requirements for computing resources. Wind tunnel test can accurately control wind speed, wind direction and turbulence characteristics, and can obtain detailed wind pressure distribution and vibration characteristics. However, due to the size of the wind tunnel, the model often needs to be scaled. At present, there are few designs for aeroelastic models of flat uniaxial photovoltaic bracket structures. Therefore, it is necessary to invent an aeroelastic model of a flat uniaxial photovoltaic bracket structure. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a flat uniaxial photovoltaic bracket full gas elastic model and a manufacturing method thereof.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0007] A method for making a flat uniaxial photovoltaic bracket full gas elastic model comprises the following steps:

[0008] (1) Determine that the aeroelastic model and the flat uniaxial photovoltaic bracket prototype have similar appearances, and determine the geometric scale ratio of the aeroelastic model based on the dimensions of the flat uniaxial photovoltaic bracket prototype and the cross-sectional dimensions of the wind tunnel laboratory;

[0009] (2) Determine that the dynamic characteristics of the aeroelastic model are similar to those of the flat uniaxial photovoltaic bracket prototype;

[0010] (3) Make an aeroelastic model according to the scale ratio.

[0011] Furthermore, in step (1), the geometric scale ratio of the aeroelastic model is determined to be 1:n;

[0012] In step (2), the dynamic characteristics include dimensionless frequency, Froude number, density ratio, moment of inertia and torsional stiffness. The dimensionless frequency, Froude number and density ratio of the aeroelastic model and the flat single-axis photovoltaic bracket prototype all meet the similarity requirement of 1:1; the moment of inertia of the aeroelastic model and the flat single-axis photovoltaic bracket prototype meets the similarity requirement of 1:n 4 Similar requirements; the torsional stiffness of the aeroelastic model and the flat uniaxial photovoltaic bracket prototype meets 1:n 5 Similar requirements of

[0013] The dimensionless frequency is ; Where: f is the characteristic frequency, B is the chord length of the photovoltaic module, and U is the incoming wind speed at the main axis height of the photovoltaic bracket;

[0014] The natural frequency ratio of the aeroelastic model and the flat uniaxial photovoltaic bracket prototype is :1; the chord length ratio of the aeroelastic model and the flat single-axis photovoltaic bracket prototype is 1:n; the average wind speed ratio of the aeroelastic model and the flat single-axis photovoltaic bracket prototype is 1: .

[0015] Furthermore, in step (2), the material of the main axis in the aeroelastic model is determined as follows:

[0016] The calculation formula for the torsional stiffness k of the main shaft of the aeroelastic model is: ;

[0017] Where G is the shear modulus of the main axis in the aeroelastic model, Ip is the polar moment of inertia of the main axis in the aeroelastic model, and L is the length of the main axis in the aeroelastic model;

[0018] The similarity ratio of the main shaft torsional stiffness between the aeroelastic model and the flat uniaxial photovoltaic bracket prototype is 1:n 5 According to the polar moment of inertia and length of the main shaft in the flat uniaxial photovoltaic bracket prototype, the shear modulus G of the main shaft in the aeroelastic model is determined, and then the main shaft material of the aeroelastic model is determined to be brass; the main shaft is made of hollow brass tube.

[0019] Furthermore, the materials of the photovoltaic modules in the aeroelastic model are determined as follows:

[0020] The calculation formula of the moment of inertia L of the photovoltaic module in the aeroelastic model is:

[0021]

[0022] Where M is the unit mass of the photovoltaic module, and C is the chord length of the photovoltaic module;

[0023] The similarity ratio of the moment of inertia of the photovoltaic module of the aeroelastic model and the flat uniaxial photovoltaic bracket prototype is 1:n 4，, according to the size of the photovoltaic module in the aeroelastic model, the density of the photovoltaic module in the aeroelastic model is determined, and then the material of the photovoltaic module in the aeroelastic model is determined to be paulownia wood board;

[0024] The material determination method of the purlin in the aeroelastic model is the same as the material determination method of the photovoltaic module. The material of the purlin in the aeroelastic model is determined to be ABS, and the purlin is made of ABS solid rods.

[0025] Furthermore, the material of the column in the aeroelastic model is steel, and its density is 7.8×103 kg / m 3 .

[0026] The present invention also provides a full aeroelastic model of a flat single-axis photovoltaic bracket, which includes a plurality of columns arranged in an array, a main axis is provided at the top of each row of columns, photovoltaic components are arranged in parallel along the length direction of the main axis, and the photovoltaic components are connected to the main axis through purlins; a driving motor is provided on the top of the column for adjusting the inclination state of the photovoltaic component.

[0027] Furthermore, the column includes a driving column and a supporting column, there are more than two driving columns, and they are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the main shaft, and multiple supporting columns are arranged between two adjacent driving columns; the driving motor is arranged at the top of the driving column, and the top of the supporting column is connected to the main shaft through a connecting structure.

[0028] Furthermore, the supporting column includes a screw, an adjusting sleeve and a base from top to bottom, and the connecting structure is arranged at the top of the screw; the driving column has the same structure as the supporting column, and the driving motor is arranged at the top of the screw of the driving column.

[0029] Furthermore, both ends of the main shaft are provided with feet, and the feet include an adjusting rod and a base at the bottom thereof, the adjusting rod is threadedly matched with the base, and an angle sensor is provided on the top of the adjusting rod, and the angle sensor is connected to the end of the main shaft through a coupling; each row of photovoltaic components is divided into multiple groups, and the main shafts of the multiple groups of photovoltaic components are connected through couplings.

[0030] Furthermore, the aeroelastic model also includes a damper, which includes a gasket, a spring and a carbon rod. The gasket is fixed to the bottom surface of the photovoltaic component, and the gasket is connected to the carbon rod through the spring. The lower end of the carbon rod extends into the damping fluid in the damping tank.

[0031] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following technical advances:

[0032] The aeroelastic model made by the present invention is similar in appearance to the prototype of the flat single-axis photovoltaic bracket. The geometric scale ratio of the aeroelastic model is determined according to the size of the prototype of the flat single-axis photovoltaic bracket and the cross-sectional size of the wind tunnel laboratory, and the dynamic characteristics of the aeroelastic model and the prototype of the flat single-axis photovoltaic bracket are determined to be similar. Finally, the aeroelastic model is made according to the scale ratio; the aeroelastic model includes a plurality of columns arranged in an array, the tops of each row of columns are connected by a main shaft, the photovoltaic components are connected to the main shaft through purlins, and the tilt state of the photovoltaic components is adjusted by a driving motor. The present invention obtains an aeroelastic model simulating a flat single-axis photovoltaic bracket by scaling, which is suitable for conducting relevant tests of the flat single-axis photovoltaic bracket in a wind tunnel to obtain test data of wind vibration response, and provides data support for the design of the flat single-axis photovoltaic bracket. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] The accompanying drawings are used to provide further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. They are used to explain the present invention together with the embodiments of the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention.

[0034] In the attached picture:

[0035] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a flat uniaxial photovoltaic bracket full gas elastic model provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of a group of photovoltaic components at the end in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the aeroelastic model structure without photovoltaic modules;

[0038] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of the end of the middle spindle;

[0039] Figure 5 for Figure 2 Left view of

[0040] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the connection between the purlin, the photovoltaic module and the main shaft in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the column and the main shaft in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the main shaft end, the photovoltaic module and the angle sensor in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Fig. 9 Schematic diagram of the structure of the angle sensor in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Fig.10It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the support column in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the foot base in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Fig.12 is a schematic structural diagram of a damper in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Fig.13 It is a schematic diagram of the installation of the damper in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] In the figure:

[0049] 1. Foot; 2. Column, 2-1. Driving column, 2-2. Support column; 3. Photovoltaic module; 4. Purlin; 5. Coupling; 6. Nut; 7. Main shaft; 8. Angle sensor; 9. Base; 10. Adjustment sleeve; 11. Adjustment rod; 12. Base; 13. Screw; 14. Connection structure; 15. Damper, 15-1. Gasket, 15-2. Spring, 15-3. Carbon rod; 16. Damping tank. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] The following specific embodiments may be combined with each other, and the same or similar concepts or processes may not be described in detail in some embodiments. The embodiments of the present invention will be described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0051] The embodiment of the present invention provides a method for manufacturing a flat uniaxial photovoltaic bracket full gas elastic model, comprising the following steps:

[0052] (1) Determine that the aeroelastic model and the flat uniaxial photovoltaic bracket prototype have similar appearances. Determine the geometric scale ratio of the aeroelastic model based on the dimensions of the flat uniaxial photovoltaic bracket prototype and the cross-sectional dimensions of the wind tunnel laboratory.

[0053] The chord length of the photovoltaic bracket prototype is 2.187 m. Each row of photovoltaic brackets is equipped with 78 photovoltaic modules. The size of the photovoltaic modules is 2187×1102×35 mm. The total length of the photovoltaic bracket is about 87.5 m. The mass of a single photovoltaic module is about 35 kg. The photovoltaic bracket adopts two-point drive. Each row of photovoltaic brackets is equipped with a total of 12 columns, including 2 drive columns. The drive motor installed on the top of the drive column can provide torsion constraint of the main shaft. The 10 ordinary support columns can only provide horizontal and vertical constraints on the main shaft but not torsion constraints. The main shaft adopts a galvanized round tube with a diameter of 135 mm and a wall thickness of 4 mm.

[0054] Since the flat single-axis photovoltaic bracket is made of rigid materials as a whole, the required shape scale ratio can be determined according to the wind tunnel size and the prototype size. In this embodiment, the scale ratio of the aeroelastic model is determined to be 1:25.

[0055] (2) Determine that the dynamic characteristics of the aeroelastic model are similar to those of the flat uniaxial photovoltaic bracket prototype.

[0056] The dynamic characteristics include dimensionless frequency, Froude number, density ratio, moment of inertia and torsional stiffness, and mainly satisfy the following similarity criteria:

[0057] 1) Dimensionless frequency is the ratio of the inertial force of unsteady motion to the inertial force, f is the characteristic frequency, B is the chord length of the photovoltaic module, and U is the incoming wind speed at the main axis height of the photovoltaic bracket. Before the test, the free decay method was used to analyze and calculate the natural frequency of the aeroelastic model. The torsional natural frequencies of the side span and mid-span of the aeroelastic model tested by this method were 8.76Hz and 9.93Hz, respectively, while the frequencies of the flat single-axis photovoltaic bracket prototype were 1.65Hz and 2.05Hz, respectively. This shows that the natural frequency of the aeroelastic model structure and the natural frequency of the flat single-axis photovoltaic bracket prototype structure approximately meet the similarity ratio. :1, that is, the natural frequency of the flat single-axis photovoltaic bracket prototype and the target natural frequency calculated by similarity theory are consistent. The chord length of the photovoltaic bracket of the aeroelastic model is set to 1:25 according to the scale ratio, and the average wind speed ratio of the main axis height is specified as 1: It can be seen that the dimensionless frequency of the aeroelastic model and the flat uniaxial photovoltaic bracket prototype can meet the 1:1 similarity requirement.

[0058] 2) Froude number is the square root of the ratio of inertial force to gravity. , where g is the acceleration due to gravity, which can also meet similar requirements of 1:1.

[0059] 3) Density ratio is , the density of the aeroelastic model is consistent with that of the flat uniaxial photovoltaic bracket prototype, and the density ratio can also meet the similar requirements of 1:1.

[0060] Considering that the flat single-axis photovoltaic bracket is a single-degree-of-freedom torsional vibration, the wind load is mainly borne by the photovoltaic module, the moment of inertia is mainly provided by the photovoltaic module, and the torsional stiffness is mainly provided by the main shaft. The photovoltaic module and the purlin part maintain similar shapes and moments of inertia, the main shaft part maintains similar torsional stiffness, and the remaining components mainly play a supporting and fixing role.

[0061] 4) The torsional stiffness of the aeroelastic model and the flat uniaxial photovoltaic bracket prototype meets 1:25 5 similar requirements.

[0062] The torsional stiffness is calculated as follows:

[0063]

[0064] Where G is the shear modulus of the prototype steel of the flat uniaxial photovoltaic bracket, Ip is the polar moment of inertia of the principal axis, and L is the length of the principal axis.

[0065] The spindle material in the aeroelastic model is determined based on the torsional stiffness. The material determination process of the spindle in the aeroelastic model is as follows:

[0066] According to the torsional stiffness of the flat uniaxial photovoltaic bracket prototype and the similarity ratio of 1:25 5 , the torsional stiffness of the main axis of the aeroelastic model can be obtained, and the cross-sectional dimensions of the hollow tube of the main axis of the aeroelastic model and the polar moment of inertia of the hollow circle can be obtained through similarity relations. The calculation formula is:

[0067]

[0068] Where D is the outer diameter of the hollow circle, and α is the ratio of the inner diameter of the hollow circle to the outer diameter.

[0069] Then, the shear modulus is obtained from the calculation formula of torsional stiffness. Select density ρ=8.47×103kg / m 3 , the shear modulus G = 39.18GPa of the hollow brass tube, its size is (outer diameter × wall thickness × length) = 2mm × 0.5mm × 3560mm. However, due to its small moment of inertia, its mass problem is not considered.

[0070] 5) The moment of inertia of the aeroelastic model and the flat uniaxial photovoltaic bracket prototype meets 1:25 4 similar requirements.

[0071] The formula for calculating the moment of inertia is:

[0072]

[0073] Where M is the unit mass of the PV module and C is the chord length of the PV module.

[0074] The material determination process of photovoltaic modules and purlins in the aeroelastic model is as follows:

[0075] According to the scale ratio of 1:25 and the size of the flat single-axis photovoltaic bracket prototype, the geometric dimensions of the photovoltaic module in the aeroelastic model are determined to be 87.5mm×44.08mm×1.5mm. To be consistent with the actual situation, purlins are installed between the main shaft and the photovoltaic module. The length of the purlin is determined to be 60mm according to the geometric scale ratio. Since the photovoltaic module and purlin provide the moment of inertia for the entire flat single-axis photovoltaic bracket aeroelastic model, the moment of inertia of the photovoltaic module and purlin in the flat single-axis photovoltaic bracket prototype is calculated according to the moment of inertia formula to be 12.659 kg·m² / m and 0.6641kg·m² / m respectively. At the same time, according to the similarity ratio of 1:25 4, calculate the theoretical moment of inertia of the aeroelastic model, then calculate the mass and density of the aeroelastic model photovoltaic module and the outer diameter, mass and density of the purlin. Finally, the material for making the aeroelastic model photovoltaic module is selected as paulownia wood, and the moment of inertia is 3.1843×10-4kg·m 2 / m, its density is 386.67kg / m 3 , the size is 87.5mm×44.08mm×1.5mm (length×width×thickness); the material selected for making the purlin is ABS solid rod, and its moment of inertia is 6.8×10 -8 , its density is 1.05×10 3 60kg / m 3 , size is 1.5mm×60mm (outer diameter×length).

[0076] In addition, since the column contributes little to the moment of inertia and torsional stiffness, it does not need to be considered, so it only needs to meet the size requirements. According to the flat single-axis photovoltaic bracket prototype, the steel material with the same flat single-axis photovoltaic bracket prototype is selected, and its density is 7.8×10 3 kg / m 3 , height is 100mm.

[0077] (3) Make an aeroelastic model according to the scale ratio.

[0078] During the specific assembly, the photovoltaic module 3 in the aeroelastic model uses a light paulownia board. In order to be consistent with the actual situation, a purlin 4 is added between the module 3 and the main shaft 7. The main shaft 7 uses a hollow brass tube according to the similarity theory. The brass tube is fixed on the top of the driving column with a coupling 5, and the rotation of the main shaft is constrained by the top screw on the coupling 5 to ensure that the coupling 5 can lock the main shaft 7 at any inclination angle, which effectively simulates the constraint mode of the driving motor, so that the brass tube can provide torsional stiffness.

[0079] The angle sensor 8 is fixed at both ends of the main shaft 7 through the coupling 5. However, in order not to affect the overall torsional stiffness, the angle sensor 8 and the coupling 5 are not locked with a top screw. In order to support the sensor 8, foot seats 1 are installed at both ends.

[0080] Combined with the similarity criteria followed and the cross-sectional dimensions of the wind tunnel, when the geometric scale ratio is 1:25, the various parameters and specific similarities of the full aeroelastic model are shown in the following table:

[0081]

[0082]

[0083] According to the similarity ratio and specific parameters, the material used for the gas-elastic model is determined. The main parameters of the gas-elastic model are shown in the following table:

[0084]

[0085] The embodiment of the present invention provides a flat single-axis photovoltaic bracket full gas elastic model, such as Figure 1-3 As shown in Figure 6, the aeroelastic model includes a number of columns 2 arranged in an array, a main shaft 7 is provided at the top of each row of columns 2, photovoltaic modules 3 are arranged in parallel along the length direction of the main shaft 7, and the photovoltaic modules 3 are connected to the main shaft 7 through purlins 4; a driving motor is provided at the top of the column 2 for adjusting the tilt state of the photovoltaic module 3. The aeroelastic model in this embodiment includes 12 driving columns, and the driving motors at the top of the 2 driving columns in each row can provide torsional constraints for the rotating main shaft, and the 10 supporting columns only provide horizontal and vertical constraints for the rotating shaft, and cannot provide torsional constraints. The columns do not provide moment of inertia and torsional stiffness, and only need to meet the stiffness that is not affected by wind loads. Therefore, in the present invention, steel pipes are selected as column materials. As for the external dimensions, it is only necessary to meet the requirements of external similarity, and there is no need to strictly require the scale ratio to be proportionally reduced.

[0086] In order to address the different conditions of different wind tunnel tests, such as Figure 3 , 4 As shown in Figure 10, the column 2 includes a driving column 2-1 and a supporting column 2-2. There are more than two driving columns 2-1 and they are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the main shaft 7. A plurality of supporting columns 2-2 are arranged between two adjacent driving columns 2-1. The driving motor is arranged at the top of the driving column 2-1, and the top of the supporting column 2-2 is connected to the main shaft 7 through a connecting structure 14. Among them, the supporting column 2-2 includes a screw 13, an adjusting sleeve 10 and a base 12 from top to bottom, and the connecting structure 14 is arranged at the top of the screw 13. The driving column 2-1 has the same structure as the supporting column 2-2, and the driving motor is arranged at the top of the screw 13 of the driving column 2-1. In order to facilitate the installation of the air-elastic model, the chassis of the air-elastic model is not designed as a whole. During the wind tunnel test, the base of the column is directly fixed to the turntable of the wind tunnel laboratory by means of strong glue. According to the specifications of other wind tunnel laboratories, it can also be directly fixed in the wind tunnel laboratory by passing screws through the small holes in the base of the column; it can also be fixed to the small holes in the base of the column on the profile by adding profiles, and the profile can be fixed on the disc of the wind tunnel laboratory to achieve the function of changing the wind direction angle.

[0087] The photovoltaic components in the aeroelastic model produced by the present invention are made of paulownia wood boards, and their density is approximately close to the density of the photovoltaic components of the flat single-axis photovoltaic bracket prototype. In order to make its density closer to the density of the photovoltaic components of the prototype, the counterweight is increased by pasting wallpaper on the paulownia wood boards. Under the condition of satisfying the geometric scale ratio, the actual mass of the photovoltaic components of the model is effectively guaranteed to be close to the theoretical value.

[0088] As a preferred structure, Figure 1 , 3 As shown in , 4, 5, 7, 8, 9, and 11, both ends of the main shaft 7 are provided with foot seats 1, and the foot seats 1 include an adjustment rod 11 and a base 9 at the bottom thereof, the adjustment rod 11 is threadedly matched with the base 9, and the top of the base 9 is provided with a nut 6 threadedly matched with the adjustment rod; the top of the adjustment rod 11 is provided with an angle sensor 8, and the angle sensor 8 is connected to the end of the main shaft 7 through a coupling 5; each row of photovoltaic modules 3 is divided into multiple groups, and the main shafts of multiple groups of photovoltaic modules 3 are connected through couplings 5. The coupling can lock the main shaft at any inclination angle, effectively simulating the constraint mode of the drive motor, so that the main shaft can provide torsional stiffness. The spindle of the aeroelastic model in this embodiment is made of a hollow brass tube with a diameter of 0.002 m and a wall thickness of 0.0005 m, which is derived through the above similarity theory. It is divided into two side span spindles and one middle span spindle in the aeroelastic model. The three spindles are connected together at the top of the driving column with a coupling. The coupling can lock the spindle at any inclination angle, effectively simulating the constraint method of the driving motor, so that the spindle can provide torsional stiffness.

[0089] Further optimize the above scheme, such as Fig.12 , 13 As shown, the aeroelastic model also includes a damper 15, and the damper 15 includes a gasket 15-1, a spring 15-2 and a carbon rod 15-3. The gasket 15-1 is fixed on the bottom surface of the photovoltaic module 3, and the gasket 15-1 is connected to the carbon rod 15-3 through the spring 15-2. The lower end of the carbon rod 15-3 extends into the damping fluid in the damping tank 16. The spring is connected to the gasket by strong glue, and the gasket is connected to the photovoltaic module by strong glue. The damping of the aeroelastic model is improved by the damper, and the damping effect is achieved by using the characteristics of the damping fluid.

[0090] In summary, the present invention obtains an aeroelastic model that simulates a flat uniaxial photovoltaic bracket by scaling down, so that the aeroelastic model is similar in appearance to the prototype of the flat uniaxial photovoltaic bracket. The aeroelastic model includes a plurality of columns arranged in an array, the tops of each row of columns are connected by a main shaft, the photovoltaic components are connected to the main shaft through purlins, and the inclination state of the photovoltaic components is adjusted by a driving motor. The geometric scale ratio of the aeroelastic model is determined according to the size of the prototype of the flat uniaxial photovoltaic bracket and the cross-sectional size of the wind tunnel laboratory, and the dynamic characteristics of the aeroelastic model are determined to be similar to those of the prototype of the flat uniaxial photovoltaic bracket. Finally, the aeroelastic model is manufactured according to the scale ratio. The aeroelastic model manufactured by the present invention is suitable for conducting relevant tests of the flat uniaxial photovoltaic bracket in a wind tunnel to obtain test data of wind vibration response, and provide data support for the design of the flat uniaxial photovoltaic bracket.

[0091] Finally, it should be noted that the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or replace some of the technical features therein with equivalents. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for making a flat uniaxial photovoltaic bracket full gas elastic model, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (1) Determine that the aeroelastic model and the flat uniaxial photovoltaic bracket prototype have similar appearances, and determine the geometric scale ratio of the aeroelastic model based on the dimensions of the flat uniaxial photovoltaic bracket prototype and the cross-sectional dimensions of the wind tunnel laboratory; (2) Determine that the dynamic characteristics of the aeroelastic model are similar to those of the flat uniaxial photovoltaic bracket prototype; (3) Make an aeroelastic model according to the scale ratio.

2. The method for making a flat uniaxial photovoltaic bracket full gas elastic model according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (1), the geometric scale ratio of the aeroelastic model is determined to be 1:n; In step (2), the dynamic characteristics include dimensionless frequency, Froude number, density ratio, moment of inertia and torsional stiffness. The dimensionless frequency, Froude number and density ratio of the aeroelastic model and the flat single-axis photovoltaic bracket prototype all meet the similarity requirement of 1:1; the moment of inertia of the aeroelastic model and the flat single-axis photovoltaic bracket prototype meets the similarity requirement of 1:n 4 Similar requirements; the torsional stiffness of the aeroelastic model and the flat uniaxial photovoltaic bracket prototype meets 1:n 5 Similar requirements of The dimensionless frequency is ; Where: f is the characteristic frequency, B is the chord length of the photovoltaic module, and U is the incoming wind speed at the main axis height of the photovoltaic bracket; The natural frequency ratio of the aeroelastic model and the flat uniaxial photovoltaic bracket prototype is :1; the chord length ratio of the aeroelastic model and the flat single-axis photovoltaic bracket prototype is 1:n; the average wind speed ratio of the aeroelastic model and the flat single-axis photovoltaic bracket prototype is 1: .

3. The method for making a flat uniaxial photovoltaic bracket full gas elastic model according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step (2), the material of the main axis in the aeroelastic model is determined as follows: The calculation formula for the torsional stiffness k of the main shaft of the aeroelastic model is: ; Where G is the shear modulus of the main axis in the aeroelastic model, Ip is the polar moment of inertia of the main axis in the aeroelastic model, and L is the length of the main axis in the aeroelastic model; The similarity ratio of the main shaft torsional stiffness between the aeroelastic model and the flat uniaxial photovoltaic bracket prototype is 1:n 5 According to the polar moment of inertia and length of the main shaft in the flat uniaxial photovoltaic bracket prototype, the shear modulus G of the main shaft in the aeroelastic model is determined, and then the main shaft material of the aeroelastic model is determined to be brass; the main shaft is made of hollow brass tube.

4. The method for making a flat uniaxial photovoltaic bracket full gas elastic model according to claim 3, characterized in that: In step (2), the material of the photovoltaic module in the aeroelastic model is determined as follows: The calculation formula of the moment of inertia L of the photovoltaic module in the aeroelastic model is: Where M is the unit mass of the photovoltaic module, and C is the chord length of the photovoltaic module; The similarity ratio of the moment of inertia of the photovoltaic module of the aeroelastic model and the flat uniaxial photovoltaic bracket prototype is 1:n 4 , according to the size of the photovoltaic module in the aeroelastic model, the density of the photovoltaic module in the aeroelastic model is determined, and then the material of the photovoltaic module in the aeroelastic model is determined to be paulownia wood board; The material determination method of the purlin in the aeroelastic model is the same as the material determination method of the photovoltaic module. The material of the purlin in the aeroelastic model is determined to be ABS, and the purlin is made of ABS solid rods.

5. The method for making a flat uniaxial photovoltaic bracket full gas elastic model according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material of the column in the aeroelastic model is determined to be steel, and its density is 7.8×103 kg / m 3 .

6. A flat uniaxial photovoltaic bracket full gas elastic model, characterized by: The flat single-axis photovoltaic bracket full gas-elastic model is manufactured by the manufacturing method as described in claim 4, and the gas-elastic model includes a plurality of columns arranged in an array, a main axis is provided at the top of each row of columns, and photovoltaic components are arranged in parallel along the length direction of the main axis, and the photovoltaic components are connected to the main axis through purlins; a driving motor is provided on the top of the column for adjusting the inclination state of the photovoltaic component.

7. A flat uniaxial photovoltaic bracket full aeroelastic model according to claim 6, characterized in that: The columns include driving columns and supporting columns. There are more than two driving columns, which are spaced apart along the length direction of the main shaft, and a plurality of supporting columns are arranged between two adjacent driving columns. The driving motor is arranged at the top of the driving column, and the top of the supporting column is connected to the main shaft through a connecting structure.

8. A flat uniaxial photovoltaic bracket full aeroelastic model according to claim 7, characterized in that: The supporting column comprises a screw rod, an adjusting sleeve and a base from top to bottom, and the connecting structure is arranged at the top of the screw rod; the driving column has the same structure as the supporting column, and the driving motor is arranged at the top of the screw rod of the driving column.

9. A flat uniaxial photovoltaic bracket full aeroelastic model according to claim 6, characterized in that: Both ends of the main shaft are provided with foot seats, and the foot seats include an adjusting rod and a base at the bottom thereof. The adjusting rod is threadedly matched with the base, and an angle sensor is provided on the top of the adjusting rod, and the angle sensor is connected to the end of the main shaft through a coupling; each row of photovoltaic components is divided into multiple groups, and the main shafts of the multiple groups of photovoltaic components are connected through couplings.

10. A flat uniaxial photovoltaic bracket full aeroelastic model according to any one of claims 6 to 9, characterized in that: The aeroelastic model also includes a damper, which includes a gasket, a spring and a carbon rod. The gasket is fixed on the bottom surface of the photovoltaic component, and the gasket is connected to the carbon rod through the spring. The lower end of the carbon rod extends into the damping fluid in the damping tank.

Images