Modularized surrounding type cooling system of energy storage battery

Abstract

The invention discloses a modularized surrounding type cooling system of an energy storage battery, and relates to the technical field of battery heat dissipation, the modularized surrounding type cooling system comprises a bottom plate, the bottom plate is provided with a liquid inlet channel and a liquid outlet channel which are mutually independent, and the bottom plate is also provided with a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet which are respectively communicated with the liquid inlet channel and the liquid outlet channel; a plurality of transverse plates and a plurality of vertical plates are vertically arranged at the upper end of the bottom plate, and the space at the upper end of the bottom plate is divided into a plurality of rectangular mounting cavities by the transverse plates and the vertical plates; a plurality of inverted-U-shaped first cooling channels are formed in the transverse plate, one end of each cooling channel is communicated with the liquid inlet channel, the other end of each cooling channel is communicated with the liquid outlet channel, a plurality of inverted-U-shaped second cooling channels are formed in the vertical plate, one end of each second cooling channel is communicated with the liquid inlet channel, and the other end of each second cooling channel is communicated with the liquid outlet channel. The cooling area of the battery is maximized, surrounding type cooling of the battery is achieved, and the safety and quality problems caused by the fact that the temperature difference of different parts of the energy storage battery is too large are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of battery heat dissipation, and in particular to a modular surround cooling system for an energy storage battery. Background Art

[0002] At present, energy storage container batteries on the market are almost only cooled by a single large cold plate at the bottom of the battery pack. Air cooling and liquid cooling are common energy storage battery cooling methods on the market. The air cooling method has a simple structure and low cost, and uses air as the cooling medium. However, the air heat exchange coefficient is low and the heat dissipation is uneven. Sufficient space and flow rate are required to enhance the heat dissipation capacity, and it is not suitable for the heat dissipation needs of large-capacity energy storage systems. Compared with the air cooling method, the liquid cooling method has higher cooling efficiency, more compact cooling structure, and higher practicality. It is the first choice for energy storage battery cooling. Depending on whether the battery is in direct contact with the liquid, the liquid cooling method can be divided into direct liquid cooling and indirect liquid cooling. Among them, the indirect liquid cooling achieved by the cold plate is safer and has lower energy consumption, and is more widely used in the field of energy storage battery cooling.

[0003] However, currently, energy storage container batteries on the market are almost only cooled by a single large cold plate at the bottom of the battery pack. The heat generated by the battery during operation mainly comes from the electrochemical reaction between the positive and negative electrodes. The heat release is not concentrated at the bottom of the battery. Heat can be eliminated at any position on the battery surface. Cooling only the bottom of the battery will lead to a large temperature difference in the battery, which will affect the safety and capacity of the battery. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: how to improve the heat dissipation efficiency of the energy storage battery.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problem is:

[0006] A modular surround cooling system for an energy storage battery comprises a base plate, wherein the base plate is provided with a liquid inlet channel and a liquid outlet channel which are independent of each other, and the base plate is also provided with a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet which are respectively connected to the liquid inlet channel and the liquid outlet channel; a plurality of horizontal plates and a plurality of vertical plates are vertically provided at the upper end of the base plate, and the plurality of horizontal plates and the plurality of vertical plates divide the space at the upper end of the base plate into a plurality of rectangular installation cavities; a plurality of inverted U-shaped first cooling channels are provided in the horizontal plate, one end of the cooling channel is connected to the liquid inlet channel, and the other end is connected to the liquid outlet channel; a plurality of inverted U-shaped second cooling channels are provided in the vertical plate, one end of the second cooling channel is connected to the liquid inlet channel, and the other end is connected to the liquid outlet channel.

[0007] Furthermore, the plurality of first cooling channels are arranged in parallel at intervals along the bottom edge direction of the horizontal plate, and the plurality of second cooling channels are arranged in parallel at intervals along the bottom edge direction of the vertical plate.

[0008] Further, the above-mentioned liquid inlet channel includes a first main channel and multiple first branch channels, the above-mentioned first main channel is connected to the above-mentioned liquid inlet, the multiple first branch channels are all connected to the above-mentioned main channel, and the extension paths of the multiple first branch channels correspond to the installation positions of the multiple horizontal plates and the multiple vertical plates; the above-mentioned liquid outlet channel includes a second main channel and multiple second branch channels, the above-mentioned second main channel is connected to the above-mentioned liquid outlet, the multiple second branch channels are connected to the above-mentioned second main channel, and the extension paths of the multiple second branch channels correspond to the installation positions of the multiple horizontal plates and the multiple vertical plates; the above-mentioned first main channel and the above-mentioned second main channel are staggered and not interconnected, and the above-mentioned first branch channels are staggered and not interconnected with the above-mentioned second branch channels.

[0009] Furthermore, the above-mentioned horizontal plate and the above-mentioned vertical plate are both provided with a plurality of first plug connectors and a plurality of second plug connectors with openings, the above-mentioned first plug connectors and the above-mentioned second plug connectors are arranged alternately, the adjacent first plug connectors and the second plug connectors on the above-mentioned horizontal plate are respectively connected to the two ends of the corresponding first cooling channel, and the adjacent first plug connectors and the second plug connectors on the above-mentioned vertical plate are respectively connected to the two ends of the corresponding second cooling channel; the above-mentioned bottom plate is provided with a plurality of first plug interfaces and second plug interfaces which are respectively plugged and matched with the above-mentioned first plug connectors and the above-mentioned second plug connectors, the above-mentioned first plug interfaces are connected to the above-mentioned first branch channel, and the above-mentioned second plug interfaces are connected to the above-mentioned second branch channel.

[0010] Furthermore, the first plug interface and the second plug interface are both equipped with sealing plugs.

[0011] Furthermore, the liquid inlet channel and the liquid outlet channel are both configured in a tapered shape.

[0012] Furthermore, the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet are arranged on the same side of the bottom plate.

[0013] Furthermore, the plurality of transverse plates and the plurality of vertical plates form a plurality of cooling modules, and one cooling module acts on one battery unit.

[0014] Furthermore, a slot is vertically provided on one side edge of the vertical plate close to the horizontal plate, and the slot is used to engage with the edge of the horizontal plate.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0016] An installation cavity adapted to the shape of a single energy storage battery module is formed by the horizontal plate and the vertical plate, and the same specification of the liquid inlet channel and the liquid outlet channel as well as the first cooling channel and the second cooling channel realize the circulation of the coolant among the bottom plate, the horizontal plate and the vertical plate, so that the surroundings and the lower end of the energy storage battery are cooled by the circulating coolant, maximizing the cooling area of ​​the battery, realizing surround cooling of the battery, and improving the safety and quality problems caused by excessive temperature difference in different parts of the energy storage battery. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the horizontal plate and the vertical plate of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 The present invention Figure 2 The enlarged schematic diagram at A in the middle;

[0020] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the position relationship of the first cooling channel of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the position relationship of the second cooling channel of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 6 is a top view schematic diagram of the bottom plate of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the cross section of the bottom plate of the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0024] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the cross section of the bottom plate of the present invention Figure 2 ;

[0025] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the coolant flow of the present invention;

[0026] Fig.10 The present invention Fig. 9 Enlarged view of point B in the middle;

[0027] Fig.11 The present invention Fig. 9 Enlarged view of center C

[0028] Fig.12 It is a schematic diagram of the positional relationship between the cooling module and the battery unit of the present invention;

[0029] Marked in the figure are, 1-bottom plate, 2-horizontal plate, 3-vertical plate, 4-liquid outlet, 5-liquid inlet, 6-second plug interface, 7-first plug interface, 8-first cooling channel, 9-second cooling channel, 10-first main channel, 11-first branch channel, 12-second main channel, 13-second branch channel, 14-card slot, 100-energy storage battery, 101-battery unit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0031] according to Figure 1-5As shown, an embodiment of the present application proposes a modular surround cooling system for an energy storage battery, comprising a base plate 1, wherein the base plate 1 is provided with a liquid inlet channel and a liquid outlet channel which are independent of each other, and the base plate 1 is also provided with a liquid inlet 5 and a liquid outlet 4 which are respectively connected to the liquid inlet channel and the liquid outlet channel; a plurality of transverse plates 2 and a plurality of vertical plates 3 are vertically arranged at the upper end of the base plate 1, and the plurality of transverse plates 2 and the plurality of vertical plates 3 divide the space at the upper end of the base plate 1 into a plurality of rectangular installation cavities; a plurality of inverted U-shaped first cooling channels 8 are arranged in the transverse plate 2, and one end of the first cooling channel 8 is connected to the liquid inlet channel, and the other end is connected to the liquid outlet channel; a plurality of inverted U-shaped second cooling channels 9 are arranged in the vertical plate 3, and one end of the second cooling channel 9 is connected to the liquid inlet channel, and the other end is connected to the liquid outlet channel.

[0032] First of all, it should be stated that an installation cavity adapted to the shape of a single energy storage battery 100 module is formed by the horizontal plate 2 and the vertical plate 3, and the same specification of the liquid inlet channel and the liquid outlet channel and the first cooling channel 8 and the second cooling channel 9 realize the circulation of the coolant between the bottom plate 1, the horizontal plate 2 and the vertical plate 3, so that the surrounding and lower ends of the energy storage battery 100 are cooled by the circulating coolant, the cooling area of ​​the battery is maximized, the surrounding cooling of the battery is realized, and the safety and quality problems caused by the excessive temperature difference between different parts of the energy storage battery 100 are improved.

[0033] Specifically, the above-mentioned liquid inlet channel and liquid outlet channel can be staggered and arranged in the bottom plate 1, and can be two mutually closed upper and lower planar cavities in the bottom plate 1 and parallel to the bottom plate 1, and the two ends of the first cooling channel 8 and the second cooling channel 9 of the horizontal plate 2 and the vertical plate 3 are respectively connected to the liquid inlet channel and the liquid outlet channel through branch channels or hoses. During operation, the coolant enters the liquid inlet channel from the liquid inlet 5. When the liquid inlet channel is filled, when the hydraulic pressure gradually increases, the coolant enters the first cooling channel 8 and the second cooling channel 9. The coolant circulates in the first cooling channel 8 and the second cooling channel 9 and is discharged into the liquid outlet channel. The coolant gradually gathered in the liquid outlet channel is discharged to the cooling circulation equipment through the liquid outlet 4 for subsequent circulation cooling process. The entire system can realize surround cooling of each battery cell 101 of the energy storage battery 100 group, and the cooling effect is better.

[0034] Moreover, the multiple first cooling channels 8 on the transverse plate 2 and the multiple second cooling channels 9 on the vertical plate 3 can be arranged in a layered wrapping manner, but this structure makes the path lengths of the first cooling channels 8 or the second cooling channels 9 in different layers different, so that the flow rate and circulation speed of each first cooling channel 8 or the second cooling channel 9 are different, which may affect the cooling effect. Furthermore, the multiple first cooling channels 8 are arranged in parallel at intervals along the bottom edge direction of the above-mentioned transverse plate 2, and the multiple second cooling channels 9 are arranged in parallel at intervals along the bottom edge direction of the above-mentioned vertical plate 3. That is to say, multiple inverted U-shaped first cooling channels 8 are arranged in parallel in the transverse plate 2, and each first cooling channel 8 has the same shape, length and inner diameter, ensuring that the flow state of the coolant in the multiple first cooling channels 8 is basically the same during the circulation of the coolant, and multiple inverted U-shaped second cooling channels 9 are arranged in parallel in the vertical plate 3, which also ensures that each second cooling channel 9 in the vertical plate 3 has basically the same flow diversion characteristics.

[0035] Specifically for the liquid inlet channel and the liquid outlet channel, the above-mentioned liquid inlet channel may include a first main channel 10 and a plurality of first branch channels 11, the above-mentioned first main channel 10 is connected to the above-mentioned liquid inlet 5, the plurality of the above-mentioned first branch channels 11 are all connected to the above-mentioned main channel, and the extension paths of the plurality of the above-mentioned first branch channels 11 correspond to the installation positions of the plurality of the above-mentioned transverse plates 2 and the plurality of the above-mentioned vertical plates 3; the above-mentioned liquid outlet channel includes a second main channel 12 and a plurality of second branch channels 13, the above-mentioned second main channel 12 is connected to the above-mentioned liquid outlet 4, the plurality of the above-mentioned second branch channels 13 are connected to the above-mentioned second main channel 12, and the extension paths of the plurality of the above-mentioned second branch channels 13 correspond to the installation positions of the plurality of the above-mentioned transverse plates 2 and the plurality of the above-mentioned vertical plates 3; the above-mentioned first main channel 10 and the above-mentioned second main channel 12 are staggered and not intercommunication, and the above-mentioned first branch channels 11 and the above-mentioned second branch channels 13 are staggered and not intercommunication.

[0036] Specifically, according to Figure 6-Figure 8 As shown, the bottom plate 1 can be divided into a first layer and a second layer from bottom to top. Figure 7 The second layer is shown as follows. A second main flow channel 12 and a second branch flow channel 13 are provided in the second layer. Figure 8 The second layer is shown. The first layer is provided with a first main channel 10 and a first branch channel 11. Since the first main channel 10 and the second main channel 12 are staggered, the liquid outlet 4 and the liquid inlet 5 are independently arranged. The first branch channel 11 and the second branch channel 13 are also staggered, which ensures that the first branch channel 11 and the second branch channel 13 will not interfere with each other when they are respectively connected to the first cooling channel 8 or the second cooling channel 9 at the corresponding positions.

[0037] according to Figure 9-11As shown, the solid arrow is the flow direction of the liquid inlet 5 entering the system, and the hollow arrow is the flow direction of returning to the second branch channel 13 and the second main channel 12 after completing the cooling cycle in the horizontal plate 2 or the vertical plate 3 and being discharged from the liquid outlet 4; when working, the coolant enters the first main channel 10 from the liquid inlet 5, and then is diverted to each first branch channel 11. The trajectory of each first branch channel 11 is adapted to the connection path between the horizontal plate 2 and the vertical plate 3 and the bottom plate 1. The coolant entering the first branch channel 11 directly enters the first cooling channel 8 or the second cooling channel 9 upward under high pressure conditions. After the coolant entering the first cooling channel 8 or the second cooling channel 9 completes the circulation of the inverted U-shaped trajectory, it flows downward to the second branch channel 13. Multiple second branch channels 13 receive the reflux coolant and converge into the second main channel 12 and are discharged from the liquid outlet 4, completing a cooling cycle. The uninterrupted operation of the coolant circulation device ensures that the entire cyclic cooling process is stable and continuous.

[0038] The extension paths of the multiple second branch channels 13 are also adapted to the connection paths between the horizontal plate 2 and the vertical plate 3 and the bottom plate 1, and the first branch channels 11 and the second branch channels 13 are offset from each other in the thickness direction of the bottom plate 1, ensuring that the first branch channels 11 and the second branch channels 13 do not interfere with and communicate with each other in the extension paths. The coolant that has circulated in the first cooling channel 8 or the second cooling channel 9 enters the second branch channels 13 and then converges into the second main channel 12 and is discharged from the liquid outlet 4.

[0039] In actual installation operation, the horizontal plate 2 and the vertical plate 3 welded in advance to the bottom plate 1 form a stable installation cavity. If the battery is installed again, problems such as inadequate installation or inability to install may occur due to processing errors. The horizontal plate 2 and the vertical plate 3 are both provided with a plurality of first plug connectors and a plurality of second plug connectors with openings. The first plug connectors and the second plug connectors are arranged alternately. The adjacent first plug connectors and the second plug connectors on the horizontal plate 2 are respectively connected to the two ends of the corresponding first cooling channel 8, and the adjacent first plug connectors and the second plug connectors on the vertical plate 3 are respectively connected to the two ends of the corresponding second cooling channel 9; The base plate 1 is provided with a plurality of first plug interfaces 7 and second plug interfaces 6 which are respectively plugged with the first plug connector and the second plug connector. The first plug interfaces 7 are connected to the first branch channel 11, and the second plug interfaces 6 are connected to the second branch channel 13. This ensures that during the actual installation process, the horizontal plate 2 or the vertical plate 3 can be disassembled at any time to achieve position adjustment during the installation process. Moreover, the first plug interfaces 7 and the second plug interfaces 6 are both equipped with sealing plugs, which ensure that the positions where the horizontal plate 2 or the vertical plate 3 are not installed on the base plate 1 and the batteries are blocked by the sealing plugs, thereby ensuring the sealing of the first branch channel 11 and the second branch channel 13.

[0040] Moreover, a card slot 14 is vertically arranged on one side edge of the vertical plate 3 close to the horizontal plate 2, and the card slot 14 is used to engage with the edge of the horizontal plate 2, so that the horizontal plate 2 and the vertical plate 3 fit more closely, and the actual molding process of the horizontal plate 2 and the vertical plate 3 is more convenient, avoiding the phenomenon of installation position deviation during the installation process.

[0041] In order to improve the standardized assembly and processing efficiency of the entire cooling system, multiple horizontal plates 2 and multiple vertical plates 3 are formed into multiple cooling modules, and one cooling module acts on one battery cell 101. That is to say, the vertical plates 3 and the horizontal plates 2 are standard parts with a certain size, which is convenient for specifying a more reasonable energy storage battery cooling solution, and according to the number of battery cells of the energy storage battery, a more matching cooling system can be designed and processed to improve efficiency and reduce costs.

[0042] In order to ensure better flow distribution, the liquid inlet channel and the liquid outlet channel are both configured in a tapered shape. Moreover, the liquid inlet 5 and the liquid outlet 4 are disposed on the same side of the bottom plate 1, ensuring that the cooling pipeline is disposed on the same side of the entire system device, thereby avoiding significant interference with the installation position of the energy storage battery 100.

[0043] In summary, the present invention proposes a modular surround cooling system for an energy storage battery, comprising a bottom plate 1, wherein the bottom plate 1 is provided with a liquid inlet channel and a liquid outlet channel which are independent of each other, and the bottom plate 1 is also provided with a liquid inlet 5 and a liquid outlet 4 which are respectively connected to the liquid inlet channel and the liquid outlet channel; a plurality of horizontal plates 2 and a plurality of vertical plates 3 are vertically arranged on the upper end of the bottom plate 1, and the plurality of horizontal plates 2 and the plurality of vertical plates 3 divide the space on the upper end of the bottom plate 1 into a plurality of rectangular installation cavities; a plurality of inverted U-shaped first cooling channels 8 are arranged in the horizontal plate 2, wherein one end of the first cooling channel 8 is connected to the liquid inlet channel, and the other end is connected to the liquid outlet channel; a plurality of inverted U-shaped second cooling channels 9 are arranged in the vertical plate 3, wherein one end of the second cooling channel 9 is connected to the liquid inlet channel, and the other end is connected to the liquid outlet channel; except for the top of the battery which needs to be electrically connected, the bottom plate 1 with cooling function is arranged at the bottom of the battery, and cold plates are arranged on the remaining surfaces of the battery to maximize the cooling area of ​​the battery and realize surround cooling of the battery. The cold plate is divided into the main cold plate and the side cold plate for a single battery. Both are modular components that can be mass-produced. For battery pack cooling, the extension can be completed by welding with the bottom plate 1. The cold plates all use equal-length parallel U-shaped flow channels, and the flow channel inlets and outlets are adjacent to each other, which can achieve the same-side inlet and outlet of the coolant, improve the temperature uniformity of the battery, and at the same time achieve uniform flow distribution of each cold plate flow channel, and also avoid the problem of large coolant temperature rise and large difference in cooling effect before and after caused by too long flow channels. The cooling system of this design invention can fully and efficiently cool "multi-parallel and multi-series" battery packs, improving battery performance and service life.

Claims

1. A modular surround cooling system for energy storage batteries, characterized in that: The invention comprises a bottom plate (1), wherein the bottom plate (1) is provided with a liquid inlet channel and a liquid outlet channel which are independent of each other, and the bottom plate (1) is also provided with a liquid inlet (5) and a liquid outlet (4) which are respectively connected to the liquid inlet channel and the liquid outlet channel; a plurality of horizontal plates (2) and a plurality of vertical plates (3) are vertically provided at the upper end of the bottom plate (1), and the plurality of horizontal plates (2) and the plurality of vertical plates (3) divide the space at the upper end of the bottom plate (1) into a plurality of rectangular installation cavities; a plurality of inverted U-shaped first cooling channels (8) are provided in the horizontal plate (2), one end of the first cooling channel (8) is connected to the liquid inlet channel, and the other end is connected to the liquid outlet channel; a plurality of inverted U-shaped second cooling channels (9) are provided in the vertical plate (3), one end of the second cooling channel (9) is connected to the liquid inlet channel, and the other end is connected to the liquid outlet channel.

2. A modular surround cooling system for energy storage batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of the first cooling channels (8) are arranged in parallel at intervals along the bottom edge direction of the horizontal plate (2), and a plurality of the second cooling channels (9) are arranged in parallel at intervals along the bottom edge direction of the vertical plate (3).

3. A modular surround cooling system for energy storage batteries according to claim 2, characterized in that: The liquid inlet channel comprises a first main channel (10) and a plurality of first branch channels (11), wherein the first main channel (10) is connected to the liquid inlet (5), and the plurality of first branch channels (11) are all connected to the first main channel (10), and the extension paths of the plurality of first branch channels (11) correspond to the installation positions of the plurality of transverse plates (2) and the plurality of vertical plates (3); the liquid outlet channel comprises a second main channel (12) and a plurality of second branch channels (13), wherein the second main channel (12) is connected to the liquid outlet (4), and the plurality of second branch channels (13) are connected to the second main channel (12), and the extension paths of the plurality of second branch channels (13) correspond to the installation positions of the plurality of transverse plates (2) and the plurality of vertical plates (3); the first main channel (10) and the second main channel (12) are offset and not intercommunication, and the first branch channel (11) and the second branch channel (13) are offset and not intercommunication.

4. A modular surround cooling system for energy storage batteries according to claim 3, characterized in that: The transverse plate (2) and the vertical plate (3) are both provided with a plurality of first plug connectors and a plurality of second plug connectors having openings, the first plug connectors and the second plug connectors are arranged alternately, the adjacent first plug connectors and the second plug connectors on the transverse plate (2) are respectively connected to the two ends of the corresponding first cooling channel (8), and the adjacent first plug connectors and the second plug connectors on the vertical plate (3) are respectively connected to the two ends of the corresponding second cooling channel (9); the bottom plate (1) is provided with a plurality of first plug interfaces (7) and second plug interfaces (6) respectively plugged with the first plug connector and the second plug connector, the first plug interface (7) is connected to the first branch channel (11), and the second plug interface (6) is connected to the second branch channel (13).

5. A modular surround cooling system for energy storage batteries according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first plug interface (7) and the second plug interface (6) are both provided with sealing plugs.

6. A modular surround cooling system for energy storage batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid inlet channel and the liquid outlet channel are both configured in a tapered shape.

7. A modular surround cooling system for energy storage batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid inlet (5) and the liquid outlet (4) are arranged on the same side of the bottom plate (1).

8. The modular surround cooling system for energy storage batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plurality of transverse plates (2) and the plurality of vertical plates (3) form a plurality of cooling modules, and one cooling module acts on one battery unit (101).

9. The modular surround cooling system for energy storage batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that: A clamping groove (14) is vertically arranged on one side edge of the vertical plate (3) close to the horizontal plate (2), and the clamping groove (14) is used to clamp with the edge of the horizontal plate (2).

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