Method and system for uninterruptible maintenance of main power line by using bypass square cabin

Abstract

The invention relates to a method and system for uninterruptible maintenance of a main power line by using a bypass square cabin, and the method comprises the steps: S1, preparing the bypass square cabin, enabling a bypass cable of the bypass square cabin to be connected with the main power line, enabling the main power line to bear a first load, and enabling the bypass cable to be in a standby state; s2, preparing a bypass cable to bear a second load which is the same as the first load; s3, loading the part of the first load to the bypass cable from the main power line, and synchronously reducing the second load according to the increased load on the bypass cable, so that the total load borne on the bypass cable is not changed; and S4, realizing load switching between the bypass cable and the main power line until the first load is completely loaded to the bypass cable from the main power line and the second load borne by the bypass cable is zero. In the load switching process, the stability and safety of load transfer are ensured, sudden change can be prevented, and damage to electric equipment is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of bypass shelters, and in particular to a method and a system for performing non-stop maintenance on a main power line by utilizing a bypass shelter. Background Art

[0002] The bypass shelter refers to a specially designed mobile comprehensive service facility, which is mainly used for live operations in power systems. It integrates multiple functions such as electric deployment and storage of bypass cables, real-time monitoring of bypass system current, monitoring of bypass system connection temperature, and bypass system insulation resistance monitoring.

[0003] Existing bypass shelters are mainly used for non-stop maintenance of power lines to ensure the continuity and stability of power supply. Without power outages, a bypass circuit is temporarily built to isolate the part that needs maintenance from the main power grid, thereby achieving maintenance or replacement of equipment without affecting the power supply to users.

[0004] For example, the Chinese invention patent with publication number CN113346409A and invention name: Method for non-stop operation of load transfer and maintenance in 10kV outgoing line interval of substation discloses a method for load transfer using bypass cable, which can realize non-stop maintenance of main power line. However, when switching between bypass cable and main power line cable, the prior art only considers whether the load and current allowed to be carried by bypass cable meet the requirements, and switches if they meet the requirements.

[0005] In the actual process of circuit load switching, even if the load and current allowed to be carried by the bypass cable meet the requirements, there will still be mutations during the switching process, which can easily cause circuit instability and lead to damage to electrical equipment. Summary of the invention

[0006] To this end, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the problem in the prior art that when a bypass cabin is connected to a main power line to achieve load switching, sudden changes may occur, resulting in circuit instability. A method and system for non-stop maintenance of a main power line using a bypass cabin are provided, which can switch the load on the main power line to a bypass cable of the bypass cabin. Through the use of the bypass cabin, the main power line can be maintained without affecting the normal power consumption of the user. In addition, during the load switching process, the stability and safety of the load transfer are ensured, and sudden changes can be prevented, thereby avoiding damage to electrical equipment.

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a method for non-stop maintenance of main power lines by using a bypass shelter, comprising: S1. Prepare a bypass shelter, and connect the bypass cable of the bypass shelter to the main power line, wherein: the main power line carries the first load, and the bypass cable is in a standby state; S2, preparing a bypass cable to carry a second load that is the same as the first load; S3, taking part of the first load from the main power line and loading it onto the bypass cable, and according to the increased load on the bypass cable, synchronously reducing the second load so that the total load carried on the bypass cable remains unchanged; S4, until the first load is completely loaded from the main power line to the bypass cable, and the second load carried by the bypass cable is zero, load switching between the bypass cable and the main power line is achieved; S5. After the bypass cable and the main power line are switched, the main power line is isolated, and the isolated part of the main power line is inspected or replaced.

[0008] In one embodiment of the present invention, in step S2, configuring the bypass cable to carry a second load that is the same as the first load includes: Use a step-by-step load increase method, starting from zero and gradually increasing the load; During the load increase process, the electrical parameters of the bypass cable are monitored, including: current, voltage, frequency and temperature; Construct a load change model, adopt a reinforcement learning network, train the load change model based on the historical data of load transfer, take the speed of load transfer as input parameter, and take the stability change of electrical parameters as output parameter to obtain the load change model; With the goal of transferring load as quickly as possible, the speed of load transfer is continuously adjusted, the variables of the load change model are optimized, and the optimal load increase strategy is solved within the constraints.

[0009] In one embodiment of the present invention, in step S2, after the bypass cable is configured to carry a second load that is the same as the first load, the electrical parameters on the bypass cable and the main power line are monitored and compared, and the electrical parameters include: current, voltage, frequency and temperature, until the electrical parameters of the bypass cable are consistent with those of the main power line, and then step S3 is executed.

[0010] In one embodiment of the present invention, taking part of the first load from the main power line and loading it onto the bypass cable comprises: Obtain real-time power system parameter information, including real-time data on current, voltage, frequency and temperature of bypass cables and main power lines; Set load adjustment thresholds to establish upper and lower limits for load migration; Input the acquired electrical system parameter information and the set load adjustment threshold into the algorithm model to calculate the load amount required to be transferred from the main power line to the bypass cable; According to the load migration requirements output by the algorithm model, the load of the main power line is gradually adjusted, and the load of the bypass cable is increased at the same time; The load on the bypass cable and main power line is continuously monitored to ensure that the total load is maintained at the set value and dynamically adjusted based on real-time data.

[0011] In one embodiment of the present invention, when setting the load adjustment threshold, it is determined that the upper threshold limit of each load adjustment does not exceed 10% of the total load.

[0012] In one embodiment of the present invention, in step S3, according to the increased load on the bypass cable, the second load is synchronously reduced so that the total load carried on the bypass cable remains unchanged, and a PID controller is used to adjust the second load, including: Obtaining the increased load on the bypass cable and the total load borne on the bypass cable, thereby calculating a second load change; Obtaining a real-time second load change; An error is calculated according to the second load variation obtained in real time and the calculated second load variation, and the second load variation is readjusted until the second load variation obtained in real time and the calculated second load variation are zero.

[0013] In one embodiment of the present invention, in step S3, in the process of taking part of the first load from the main power line and loading it onto the bypass cable, and synchronously reducing the second load according to the increased load on the bypass cable so that the total amount of load carried on the bypass cable remains unchanged, the state of the bypass cable is monitored, including: Monitor current and voltage: Use ammeters and voltmeters to monitor the current and voltage changes of bypass cables and main power lines in real time to ensure smooth transition of current and voltage without sudden changes; Monitor temperature: Use a temperature sensor to monitor the temperature of the bypass cable connection point to ensure that the temperature does not exceed the safe range; Monitor insulation resistance: Use an insulation resistance tester to monitor the insulation resistance of the bypass cable to ensure that the insulation performance is good.

[0014] In one embodiment of the present invention, it also includes: S6-1. After the main power line is overhauled, the main power line is configured to carry a third load that is the same as the first load; S6-2, taking part of the first load from the bypass cable and loading it onto the main power line, and according to the increased load on the main power line, synchronously reducing the third load, so that the total load carried on the main power line remains unchanged; S6-3, until the first load is completely loaded from the bypass cable to the main power line, and the third load borne by the main power line is zero, load switching between the main power line and the bypass cable is achieved.

[0015] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention also provides a system for non-stop maintenance of the main power line by using a bypass shelter, comprising: A bypass shelter, wherein a bypass cable is provided in the bypass shelter, and the bypass cable can be connected to the main power line; a first load monitoring unit capable of monitoring electrical parameters of a first load on the main power line, including current, voltage, frequency and temperature; a first load distribution unit capable of distributing a first load between the main power line and the bypass cable; a second load application unit capable of configuring the bypass cable to carry a second load that is the same as the first load; A second load monitoring unit capable of monitoring electrical parameters of a second load on the bypass cable, including current, voltage, frequency and temperature; The second load regulating unit reduces the second load synchronously according to the increased load on the bypass cable, so that the total amount of load borne on the bypass cable remains unchanged.

[0016] The above technical solution of the present invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art: The present invention discloses a method and system for non-stop maintenance of a main power line by using a bypass cabin. Before executing load switching, a bypass cable in the bypass cabin is preloaded so that a second load first loaded on the bypass cable is the same as a first load on the main power line and can achieve the same use state. Then the load is switched. In this way, it can be ensured that after the bypass cable is connected, the load can be the same as the original main power line and the same power transmission state as the main power line can be achieved.

[0017] Furthermore, when performing load switching, compared to the prior art of directly loading all loads onto the bypass cable, the present invention, when performing switching, since the bypass cable is loaded with the second load, adopts a gradual loading method when switching the first load to the bypass cable, and then reduces the second load synchronously according to the increased load on the bypass cable, so that the total load borne on the bypass cable remains unchanged. In this way, it can be ensured that the bypass cable always works under the state of the first load, the power output state of the bypass cable remains unchanged, and sudden load changes during circuit switching can be prevented, and a stable and safe power transmission state can be ensured until the first load is fully loaded onto the bypass cable, thereby achieving seamless load switching. At this time, the main power line can be used as a backup line and can be repaired. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to make the content of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below according to specific embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein: Figure 1It is a flowchart of the steps of the method for non-stop maintenance of the main power line by using the bypass shelter of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the bypass shelter of the present invention; Explanation of the reference numerals in the specification: 1. mounting frame; 2. cable reel; 3. ATS cabinet; 4. universal wheel; 5. insulating cross arm. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments so that those skilled in the art can better understand the present invention and implement it, but the embodiments are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0020] As mentioned above, in the actual circuit switching process, even if the load and current allowed to be carried by the bypass cable used in the prior art meet the requirements, there will still be mutations during the switching process, which can easily cause circuit instability and thus damage the electrical equipment. The inventors of the present application have studied the mutations and concluded that there are mainly two reasons for the mutations: 1. Although the bypass cable can carry the same load as the main power line, the temperature of the bypass cable when not in use will be very different from the temperature when loaded, which will affect its transmission state to a certain extent.

[0021] 2. Before switching, the bypass cable is in a zero-load state. If the load is switched directly, from zero to full load in an instant, the instantaneous load increases. Even if the load-bearing capacity of the bypass cable can meet the requirements, it is easy to cause fluctuations in the transmission performance of the bypass cable, and may even cause the bypass cable to break down. Example 1

[0022] Based on the above analysis, in order to solve the above two problems, the present invention provides a method for non-stop maintenance of the main power line using a bypass shelter, referring to Figure 1 As shown, the following steps are included: S1. Prepare a bypass shelter, and connect the bypass cable of the bypass shelter to the main power line, wherein: the main power line carries the first load, and the bypass cable is in a standby state; It should be noted that the bypass cable is in a disconnected state at this time by the controller or switch control. At this time, the first load in the circuit is all loads, which are all loaded into the main power line, and the main power line is in a working state; Specifically, when setting up the connection between the bypass cable and the main power line, it is necessary to ensure that all connection points of the bypass cable are correctly and firmly connected and have good insulation performance; ensure that all monitoring equipment (such as ammeters, temperature sensors, insulation resistance testers, etc.) are ready and can monitor the status of the bypass cable in real time.

[0023] S2, preparing a bypass cable to carry a second load that is the same as the first load; As described in the above analysis, the first reason for the sudden change of the bypass cable is that the temperature of the bypass cable when it is not in use is very different from the temperature when it is loaded, which will cause its transmission state to be affected to a certain extent. In the present invention, in order to solve this problem, before executing the load switching, the bypass cable in the bypass cabin is pre-loaded, so that the second load loaded by the bypass cable is the same as the first load on the main power line, and can achieve the same use state, and then the load is switched. In this way, it can be ensured that after the bypass cable is connected, it can be the same as the original main power line load and achieve the same power transmission state as the main power line.

[0024] S3, taking part of the first load from the main power line and loading it onto the bypass cable, and according to the increased load on the bypass cable, synchronously reducing the second load so that the total load carried on the bypass cable remains unchanged; Specifically, when performing load switching, compared to the prior art of directly loading all loads onto the bypass cable, the present invention, when performing switching, since the bypass cable is loaded with the second load, adopts a gradual loading method when switching the first load to the bypass cable, and then reduces the second load synchronously according to the increased load on the bypass cable, so that the total load borne on the bypass cable remains unchanged. In this way, it can be ensured that the bypass cable always works under the state of the first load, the power output state of the bypass cable remains unchanged, and sudden load changes during circuit switching can be prevented, and a stable and safe power transmission state can be ensured until the first load is fully loaded onto the bypass cable, thereby achieving seamless load switching. At this time, the main power line can be used as a backup line and can be repaired.

[0025] S4, until the first load is completely loaded from the main power line to the bypass cable, the second load carried by the bypass cable is zero, and the load switching between the bypass cable and the main power line is realized. When the bypass cable completely bears all the first loads, the main power line is relatively in a standby state. At this time, the skylight can be opened for maintenance or replacement according to actual needs.

[0026] Analyzing the above method of this embodiment, there are five key points when executing the above steps. These five key points are the key control processes that determine whether the method of this embodiment can be implemented and ensure that it can achieve the preset technical effect. These five key points are explained below.

[0027] Key point 1 In step S2, when the bypass cable is configured to carry a second load that is the same as the first load, an external load needs to be applied to the bypass cable. In this process, although there is no external electrical equipment, it is also necessary to ensure that the load can be smoothly loaded into the bypass cable to prevent the bypass cable from being instantly broken down. In order to solve this problem, the load loading strategy is formulated including: Use a step-by-step load increase method, starting from zero and gradually increasing the load; During the load increase process, the electrical parameters of the bypass cable are monitored, including: current, voltage, frequency and temperature; Construct a load change model, adopt a reinforcement learning network, train the load change model based on the historical data of load transfer, take the speed of load transfer as input parameter, and take the stability change of electrical parameters as output parameter to obtain the load change model; With the goal of transferring load as quickly as possible, the speed of load transfer is continuously adjusted, the variables of the load change model are optimized, and the optimal load increase strategy is solved within the constraints.

[0028] Through the above-mentioned load loading strategy, according to the actual load loading requirements and the performance of different bypass cables, the fastest load loading plan can be formulated while satisfying the stable changes in the electrical parameters of the bypass cables, so that the second load that is the same as the first load can be quickly applied to the bypass cable.

[0029] Key point 2 In step S2, after the bypass cable is configured to carry the second load that is the same as the first load, in this case, step S3 cannot be directly executed, because even if the load carried by the bypass cable is the same as the load carried by the main power line, the operating states of the cable that has been operating under a certain load for a long time and the cable that has just carried a certain load are inconsistent; Therefore, before executing step S3, it is necessary to monitor and compare the electrical parameters on the bypass cable and the main power line, wherein the electrical parameters include: current, voltage, frequency and temperature, until the electrical parameters of the bypass cable and the main power line are consistent, and then execute step S3; Specifically, in some cases, when all electrical parameters cannot be completely consistent, a certain threshold interval can be set according to actual needs, and step S3 is executed when the threshold interval is reached.

[0030] Key point three In step S3, part of the first load is taken from the main power line and loaded onto the bypass cable. In this process, the amount of the first load taken each time determines whether a sudden change will occur during the switching process. If the first load taken each time is too large, the probability of sudden change will increase. If the first load taken each time is too small, although the probability of sudden change will be reduced, it will also affect the overall speed of load switching. Therefore, it is necessary to formulate a strategy to explore the threshold of load adjustment, determine the upper and lower limits of load migration, and build a load migration model, including: Obtain real-time power system parameter information, including real-time data on current, voltage, frequency and temperature of bypass cables and main power lines; Set load adjustment thresholds to establish upper and lower limits for load migration; Input the acquired electrical system parameter information and the set load adjustment threshold into the algorithm model to calculate the load amount required to be transferred from the main power line to the bypass cable; According to the load migration requirements output by the algorithm model, the load of the main power line is gradually adjusted, and the load of the bypass cable is increased at the same time; The load on the bypass cable and main power line is continuously monitored to ensure that the total load is maintained at the set value and dynamically adjusted based on real-time data.

[0031] The load migration model provided in this embodiment can continuously explore the upper and lower limits of load migration while ensuring the stability of the bypass cable and the main power line, realize load migration within the upper and lower limits of the load migration, and obtain the optimal load migration amount.

[0032] Specifically, in order to ensure the safety of load migration, when the load migration model is used to execute the load migration strategy, the upper limit of the load adjustment threshold must be controlled. In the process of continuous iterative optimization of the load migration model, the upper limit of the load migration may be gradually adjusted according to demand. However, in actual construction safety, when the total amount of load migration is large and the amount of load migration each time is too large, safety hazards are likely to occur. Therefore, in this embodiment, taking into account the safety of actual construction, when setting the load adjustment threshold, it is determined that the upper limit of the threshold for each load adjustment does not exceed 10% of the total load. This threshold serves as the safety threshold for load adjustment.

[0033] Key point 4 In step S3, according to the increased load on the bypass cable, the second load is synchronously reduced so that the total load on the bypass cable remains unchanged. In this process, it is necessary to achieve synchronous changes of the two loads, otherwise overload or underload will occur, which will affect the stable transmission of power. In this embodiment, in order to achieve the synchronization effect, a PID controller is used to adjust the second load, including the following steps: The increased load on the bypass cable is obtained as an independent variable, which is the input of the PID controller; The total amount of load carried on the bypass cable is obtained, and the second load change amount, i.e., the adjustment amount, is calculated based on the total amount of load carried on the bypass cable. The adjustment amount is the output of the PID controller. Obtaining a real-time second load change; An error is calculated according to the second load variation obtained in real time and the calculated second load variation, and the second load variation is readjusted until the second load variation obtained in real time and the calculated second load variation are zero.

[0034] Through the above steps, the output of the PID controller is directly or indirectly used to adjust the second load, which can ensure that when two loads are loaded synchronously on the same cable, the independent variable and the adjustment amount can be adjusted synchronously to ensure that the total amount of the two loads loaded on the cable remains unchanged.

[0035] Key point five In step S3, in the process of taking part of the first load from the main power line and loading it onto the bypass cable, and synchronously reducing the second load according to the increased load on the bypass cable so that the total load carried on the bypass cable remains unchanged, it is necessary to ensure the normal operation of the bypass cable. Therefore, it is necessary to monitor the state of the bypass cable, including: Monitor current and voltage: Use ammeters and voltmeters to monitor the current and voltage changes of bypass cables and main power lines in real time to ensure smooth transition of current and voltage without sudden changes; Monitor temperature: Use a temperature sensor to monitor the temperature of the bypass cable connection point to ensure that the temperature does not exceed the safe range; Monitor insulation resistance: Use an insulation resistance tester to monitor the insulation resistance of the bypass cable to ensure good insulation performance Specifically, during the use of the bypass cable, it is also necessary to ensure the normal operation of the bypass cable. The integrated current, voltage, and temperature monitoring functions can monitor the current, voltage, and temperature changes in real time during operation, making the operation safer. The integrated insulation resistance test function improves the efficiency of the bypass system insulation resistance test and shortens the operation time.

[0036] Specifically, the above method of this embodiment is improved to further include: S5. After the bypass cable is switched with the main power line, the main power line is isolated, and the isolated part of the main power line is inspected or replaced. After isolation, the main power line is ensured to be completely disconnected, and the safety of the construction workers can be guaranteed when the main power line is opened for inspection or the entire section is replaced.

[0037] Specifically, after the overhaul is completed, the main power line is reconnected, which also includes: S6-1. After the main power line is overhauled, the main power line is configured to carry a third load that is the same as the first load; S6-2, taking part of the first load from the bypass cable and loading it onto the main power line, and according to the increased load on the main power line, synchronously reducing the third load, so that the total load carried on the main power line remains unchanged; S6-3, until the first load is completely loaded from the bypass cable to the main power line, and the third load borne by the main power line is zero, load switching between the main power line and the bypass cable is achieved.

[0038] Among them: the strategy of configuring the main power line to carry a third load that is the same as the first load in step S6-1 is the same as the strategy of configuring the bypass cable to carry a second load that is the same as the first load in step S2, and step S6-2, taking part of the first load from the bypass cable and loading it onto the main power line, and reducing the third load synchronously according to the increased load on the main power line so that the total load carried on the main power line remains unchanged, is the same as the strategy of taking part of the first load from the main power line and loading it onto the bypass cable, and reducing the second load synchronously according to the increased load on the bypass cable so that the total load carried on the bypass cable remains unchanged in step S3. For specific strategies, please refer to the above content and will not be repeated here. Example 2

[0039] In order to implement the method of the above-mentioned embodiment 1, the present invention further provides a system for performing non-stop maintenance on the main power line by using a bypass shelter, comprising: A bypass shelter, wherein a bypass cable is provided in the bypass shelter, and the bypass cable can be connected to the main power line; a first load monitoring unit capable of monitoring electrical parameters of a first load on the main power line, including current, voltage, frequency and temperature; a first load distribution unit capable of distributing a first load between the main power line and the bypass cable; a second load application unit capable of configuring the bypass cable to carry a second load that is the same as the first load; A second load monitoring unit capable of monitoring electrical parameters of a second load on the bypass cable, including current, voltage, frequency and temperature; The second load regulating unit reduces the second load synchronously according to the increased load on the bypass cable, so that the total amount of load borne on the bypass cable remains unchanged.

[0040] Reference Figure 2 As shown, the bypass shelter comprises: The mounting frame 1 has a multi-layer bearing structure, and the sides of the mounting frame 1 are provided with an openable mounting door. When the bypass cabin is moved, the mounting frame 1 is closed by the mounting door, and when the bypass cabin is in use, the mounting door is opened; A cable reel 2, arranged in the mounting frame 1, including a manual reel and an automatic reel, the cable reel 2 being capable of reeling a bypass cable connected to a main power cable; The ATS cabinet 3 is slidably arranged in the mounting frame 1, and can be pulled out from the bypass cabin when the bypass cabin is unfolded. The first load monitoring unit, the first load distribution unit, the second load application unit, the second load monitoring unit, and the second load adjustment unit are all integrated in the ATS cabinet 3. The ATS cabinet 3 serves as the control center of the entire bypass cabin; Universal wheels 4 are arranged at the bottom of the mounting frame 1 and can support the mounting frame 1 to facilitate the movement of the mounting frame 1; An insulating cross arm 5 is hinged at one end in the mounting frame 1. When the bypass cabin is not in use, the insulating cross arm 5 can be rotated and retracted into the mounting frame 1. When the bypass cabin is in use, the insulating cross arm 5 can be rotated and protrude from the mounting frame 1. A plurality of insulating clamps are provided on the insulating cross arm 5 to clamp and fix the bypass cable.

[0041] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely examples for clear explanation and are not intended to limit the implementation methods. For those skilled in the art, other different forms of changes or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to list all the implementation methods here. The obvious changes or modifications derived from these are still within the protection scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A method for non-stop maintenance of main power lines using a bypass shelter, characterized in that: include: S1. Prepare a bypass shelter, and connect the bypass cable of the bypass shelter to the main power line, wherein: the main power line carries the first load, and the bypass cable is in a standby state; S2, preparing a bypass cable to carry a second load that is the same as the first load; S3, taking part of the first load from the main power line and loading it onto the bypass cable, and according to the increased load on the bypass cable, synchronously reducing the second load so that the total load carried on the bypass cable remains unchanged; S4, until the first load is completely loaded from the main power line to the bypass cable, and the second load carried by the bypass cable is zero, load switching between the bypass cable and the main power line is achieved; S5. After the bypass cable and the main power line are switched, the main power line is isolated, and the isolated part of the main power line is inspected or replaced.

2. The method for non-stop maintenance of main power lines using a bypass shelter according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step S2, the bypass cable is configured to carry a second load that is the same as the first load, including: Use a step-by-step load increase method, starting from zero and gradually increasing the load; During the load increase process, the electrical parameters of the bypass cable are monitored, including: current, voltage, frequency and temperature; Construct a load change model, adopt a reinforcement learning network, train the load change model based on the historical data of load transfer, take the speed of load transfer as input parameter, and take the stability change of electrical parameters as output parameter to obtain the load change model; With the goal of transferring load as quickly as possible, the speed of load transfer is continuously adjusted, the variables of the load change model are optimized, and the optimal load increase strategy is solved within the constraints.

3. The method for non-stop maintenance of main power lines using a bypass shelter according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step S2, after the bypass cable is configured to carry a second load that is the same as the first load, the electrical parameters on the bypass cable and the main power line are monitored and compared, and the electrical parameters include: current, voltage, frequency and temperature, until the electrical parameters of the bypass cable and the main power line are consistent, and then step S3 is executed.

4. The method for non-stop maintenance of main power lines using a bypass shelter according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step S3, a portion of the first load is loaded from the main power line to the bypass cable, including: Obtain real-time power system parameter information, including real-time data on current, voltage, frequency and temperature of bypass cables and main power lines; Set load adjustment thresholds to establish upper and lower limits for load migration; Input the acquired electrical system parameter information and the set load adjustment threshold into the algorithm model to calculate the load amount required to be transferred from the main power line to the bypass cable; According to the load migration requirements output by the algorithm model, the load of the main power line is gradually adjusted, and the load of the bypass cable is increased at the same time; The load on the bypass cable and main power line is continuously monitored to ensure that the total load is maintained at the set value and dynamically adjusted based on real-time data.

5. The method for non-stop maintenance of main power lines using a bypass shelter according to claim 4 is characterized in that: When setting the load adjustment threshold, it is determined that the upper limit of the threshold for each load adjustment does not exceed 10% of the total load.

6. The method for non-stop maintenance of main power lines using a bypass shelter according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step S3, according to the increased load on the bypass cable, the second load is synchronously reduced so that the total load carried on the bypass cable remains unchanged, and the second load is adjusted by using a PID controller, including: Obtaining the increased load on the bypass cable and the total load borne on the bypass cable, thereby calculating a second load change; Obtaining a real-time second load change; An error is calculated according to the second load variation obtained in real time and the calculated second load variation, and the second load variation is readjusted until the second load variation obtained in real time and the calculated second load variation are zero.

7. The method for non-stop maintenance of main power lines using a bypass shelter according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step S3, in the process of taking part of the first load from the main power line and loading it onto the bypass cable, and synchronously reducing the second load according to the increased load on the bypass cable so that the total load carried on the bypass cable remains unchanged, the state of the bypass cable is monitored, including: Monitor current and voltage: Use ammeters and voltmeters to monitor the current and voltage changes of bypass cables and main power lines in real time to ensure smooth transition of current and voltage without sudden changes; Monitor temperature: Use a temperature sensor to monitor the temperature of the bypass cable connection point to ensure that the temperature does not exceed the safe range; Monitor insulation resistance: Use an insulation resistance tester to monitor the insulation resistance of the bypass cable to ensure that the insulation performance is good.

8. The method for non-stop maintenance of main power lines using a bypass shelter according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Also includes: S6-1. After the main power line is overhauled, the main power line is configured to carry a third load that is the same as the first load; S6-2, taking part of the first load from the bypass cable and loading it onto the main power line, and according to the increased load on the main power line, synchronously reducing the third load, so that the total load carried on the main power line remains unchanged; S6-3, until the first load is completely loaded from the bypass cable to the main power line, and the third load borne by the main power line is zero, load switching between the main power line and the bypass cable is achieved.

9. A system for non-stop maintenance of main power lines using a bypass shelter, used to implement the method described in any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: include: A bypass shelter, wherein a bypass cable is provided in the bypass shelter, and the bypass cable can be connected to the main power line; a first load monitoring unit capable of monitoring electrical parameters of a first load on the main power line, including current, voltage, frequency and temperature; a first load distribution unit capable of distributing a first load between the main power line and the bypass cable; a second load application unit capable of configuring the bypass cable to carry a second load that is the same as the first load; A second load monitoring unit capable of monitoring electrical parameters of a second load on the bypass cable, including current, voltage, frequency and temperature; The second load regulating unit reduces the second load synchronously according to the increased load on the bypass cable, so that the total amount of load borne on the bypass cable remains unchanged.

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