Polymer grouting method and system for tunnel deformation regulation

Abstract

This invention relates to a polymer grouting method and system for tunnel deformation remediation. The method includes: obtaining the deformation location and amount of the tunnel to be remediated; determining the drilling location based on the deformation location and amount, and drilling to below the tunnel segments to form grouting holes; inserting a grouting bladder into the grouting hole through a grouting pipe and delivering it to a designated position; injecting polymer grouting material into the grouting pipe, whereby the polymer grouting material fills the grouting bladder and overflows outside the grouting pipe, diffusing into the strata below the tunnel to achieve infiltration and reinforcement, thereby remediating the deformation of the shield tunnel. The grouting pipe of this invention is equipped with a grouting bladder. After the polymer grouting material is injected, it fills the grouting bladder and is injected into the strata. This ensures that the polymerization reaction of the polymer grouting material is not affected by groundwater, allowing for a full reaction and directing the polymer grouting material to the target location. This improves the utilization rate of the grouting material, ensures the grouting effect, and achieves cost reduction and efficiency improvement.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of shield tunnel deformation treatment technology, and in particular to a polymer grouting method and system for tunnel deformation treatment. Background Technology

[0002] After a period of operation, subway shield tunnels may experience uneven settlement or elliptic deformation due to factors such as groundwater erosion, changes in geological conditions, and aging of the tunnel segments, affecting the safety of subway operation. Currently, the main method for treating uneven settlement and elliptic deformation in shield tunnels is grouting reinforcement. With the continuous development and advancement of polymer materials, polymer grouting is gradually becoming a new method for treating subway tunnel defects. Polymer grouting involves mixing two polymer liquid materials, causing a polymerization reaction, and expanding to form a foam-like polymer solid, which is then injected into the stratum to reinforce it. Polymer grouting materials have advantages such as short hardening time, high strength, good injectability, and insolubility in water, which can efficiently solve the problem of subway tunnel settlement. It can quickly reach the design strength, shorten the construction cycle, and improve construction efficiency. At the same time, polymer grouting materials have high compressive and tensile strength, which can effectively improve the bearing capacity of the injected stratum. In addition, polymer grouting materials have lower viscosity, allowing them to penetrate the strata where the tunnel is located more effectively compared to cement-based materials. Furthermore, polymer materials can adapt to the resistance level and flow into weak strata, thus compacting and reinforcing the strata surrounding the tunnel.

[0003] However, in traditional polymer grouting methods, due to the complexity of the geological environment, the properties of the polymer materials used in the grouting may change under unfavorable geological conditions. This can lead to incomplete polymerization of the two polymer materials in the strata, resulting in the formation of polymers that effectively compact and reinforce the strata, leading to material waste and poor grouting effects. Furthermore, in deep subway tunnels with large groundwater levels, the diffusion path and range of the injected materials can be affected, resulting in less polymer formation and uncontrollable application locations. This can cause uneven uplift of the tunnel, potentially leading to secondary hazards and hindering precise and effective comprehensive treatment of tunnel defects. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a polymer grouting method and system for tunnel deformation remediation to address these problems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides a polymer grouting method for tunnel deformation correction, comprising the following steps:

[0005] Obtain the location and amount of deformation of the tunnel to be treated;

[0006] The drilling location is determined based on the location and amount of deformation, and the borehole is drilled to the bottom of the tunnel segment to form a grouting hole.

[0007] The grouting bladder is inserted into the grouting hole through the grouting pipe and delivered to the designated position;

[0008] Polymer grouting material is injected into the grouting pipe. The polymer grouting material fills the grouting bladder and overflows out of the grouting pipe to diffuse into the strata below the tunnel to be treated for infiltration and reinforcement, so as to achieve the deformation treatment of the shield tunnel.

[0009] Further, the step of inserting the grouting bladder into the grouting hole through the grouting pipe and delivering it to the designated position includes:

[0010] Based on the obtained grouting area and deformation, determine the length of the grouting section of the grouting pipe, the location and number of grout outlet holes on the grouting section, and determine the size of the grouting bladder and its installation position in the grouting section of the grouting pipe.

[0011] The grouting bladder is installed on the grouting section of the grouting pipe;

[0012] Insert the grouting pipe with the grouting bladder installed into the grouting hole until the grouting bladder is delivered to the set position.

[0013] Furthermore, the injection of polymer grouting material into the grouting pipe specifically includes:

[0014] During the grouting process, the pressure inside the grouting pipe is monitored. Before the grouting bladder is filled, the pressure inside the grouting pipe is kept below the pressure set value so that the polymer grouting material fills the grouting bladder first.

[0015] After the grouting bladder is filled, grouting continues. The pressure inside the grouting pipe is greater than the pressure setting value, so that the polymer grouting material breaks through the sealing layer on the grouting pipe and is injected into the strata below the shield tunnel to be treated.

[0016] Furthermore, the injection of polymer grouting material into the grouting pipe also includes:

[0017] During the grouting process, the grouting time and flow rate are adjusted according to the real-time monitoring data of the shield tunnel to be treated, so that the uplift value of the shield tunnel to be treated per unit time is within the set range.

[0018] Furthermore, a set of grouting holes is provided on the left and right sides of the shield tunnel to be treated, and polymer grouting material is injected into the grouting pipes in the two sets of grouting holes at the same time to make the shield tunnel to be treated balanced from left to right.

[0019] Furthermore, the grouting bladder is positioned with its expanded side facing the tunnel segment, and after being filled with polymer grouting material, it adheres to the tunnel segment.

[0020] Furthermore, the method also includes:

[0021] Grouting should be stopped after the polymer grouting material injected into the formation has solidified.

[0022] Seal the grouting pipe and the gap between the grouting pipe and the grouting hole.

[0023] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a polymer grouting system for deformation treatment of shield tunnels, comprising:

[0024] The data analysis unit is used to obtain the grouting area and deformation of the shield tunnel to be treated;

[0025] The drilling unit is used to determine the drilling location based on the grouting area and deformation, and to drill to the bottom of the tunnel segment to form a grouting hole;

[0026] The grouting unit includes a grouting pipe, a grouting bladder, and a grouting device for injecting polymer grouting material into the grouting pipe. The grouting pipe is connected to the grouting end of the grouting device, and the grouting bladder is connected to the grouting section of the grouting pipe and extends into the grouting hole through the grouting pipe.

[0027] Furthermore, the grouting section is provided with a first grout outlet and a second grout outlet. The grouting bladder is connected to the first grout outlet, and a sealing layer is provided on the second grout outlet. After the grouting bladder is filled with polymer grouting material, the polymer grouting material breaks through the sealing layer and is injected into the soil layer.

[0028] Furthermore, the number of the first slurry outlet holes is greater than the number of the second slurry outlet holes, and the diameter of the first slurry outlet hole is greater than the diameter of the second slurry outlet hole.

[0029] By employing the above technical solutions, this invention has the following advantages compared to existing technologies:

[0030] 1) The polymer grouting method provided by the present invention has a grouting bladder on the grouting pipe. After the polymer grouting material is injected, it first undergoes a polymerization reaction and expands in the flexible grouting bladder. The polymer grouting material continues to be injected into the formation, which can ensure that the polymerization reaction of the polymer grouting material is not affected by the groundwater in the formation, and can fully react to inject the polymer grouting material into the target location, improve the utilization rate of the grouting material, ensure the grouting effect, and achieve the effect of cost reduction and efficiency improvement.

[0031] 2) The polymer grouting method provided by the present invention can precisely control the flow range, reaction position, diffusion position and penetration depth of the polymer grouting material, control the expansion of the polymer in the flexible grouting bladder, avoid local failure affecting the grouting effect, and apply uniform external force to the shield tunnel segment through the grouting bladder to achieve the balance between the convergence and uplift values ​​of the shield during the grouting process, and ensure the deformation coordination of the tunnel segment.

[0032] 3) The polymer grouting method provided by this invention can achieve segmented grouting by differentially opening and sealing operations on the grouting pipe. This ensures that the polymer grouting material expands in the grouting bladder first, and after the grouting bladder fits the shield tunnel, the polymer grouting material flows out of the grouting pipe. Only then is the stratum below the tunnel filled and reinforced by the polymer grouting material. This method applies force evenly to the shield tunnel, minimizes disturbance to the tunnel segments, and effectively achieves the purpose of micro-disturbance lifting. At the same time, the dense stratum below the tunnel ensures the durability of the reinforcement and lifting effect of the shield tunnel.

[0033] 4) The polymer grouting method provided by the present invention performs grouting operations on both sides of the shield tunnel simultaneously, ensuring that the tunnel is always under uniform stress from left to right during the grouting process, avoiding misalignment and separation of the left and right segments, and ensuring the integrity of the tunnel. Attached Figure Description

[0034] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0035] Figure 1 A flowchart of the polymer grouting method provided by the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the polymer grouting system provided by the present invention;

[0037] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the grouting bladder and the grouting pipe in the polymer grouting system provided by the present invention.

[0038] 1-Grouting pipe; 2-Grouting bladder; 3-Binding strap; 4-First grout outlet; 5-Grouting core pipe; 6-Shell material; 7-Expanded polymer; 8-Second grout outlet. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings, the dimensions and relative dimensions of certain parts may be enlarged for clarity.

[0040] In the description of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connection" and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal connection of two elements or the interaction between two elements. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0041] In the description of this invention, terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "front," and "rear," etc., refer to the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for ease of description and simplification of operation, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0042] Furthermore, in the description of this invention, the terms "first" and "second" are used merely for descriptive distinction and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Additionally, features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature.

[0043] Example 1

[0044] As per the instruction manual Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a polymer grouting method for deformation treatment of shield tunnels, comprising the following steps:

[0045] S100: Obtain the location and amount of deformation of the tunnel to be treated;

[0046] S200: Determine the drilling location based on the deformation location and amount, and drill to the bottom of the tunnel segment to form a grouting hole;

[0047] S300: Insert the grouting bladder into the grouting hole through the grouting pipe and deliver it to the set position;

[0048] S400: Inject polymer grouting material into the grouting pipe. The polymer grouting material fills the grouting bladder and overflows out of the grouting pipe to diffuse into the strata below the tunnel to be treated for infiltration and reinforcement, so as to achieve the deformation treatment of the shield tunnel.

[0049] Specifically, traditional polymer grouting methods typically employ a dual-pipe high-pressure grouting approach, using two independent grouting pipes to inject two polymer materials into the reinforced area. While this method can quickly complete the grouting operation, it is susceptible to the influence of the geological environment, making it impossible to precisely control the location of the polymerization reaction, the compaction of the reinforced area, and the amount of material injected. This can lead to uneven grouting results or even localized failures. Furthermore, because polymer grouting exhibits significant expansion characteristics, and subway shield tunnels have stringent deformation control standards, it is necessary to ensure that the polymer not only reinforces the strata surrounding the tunnel but also uniformly lifts the tunnel segments. This necessitates precise control over the dosage, diffusion range, expansion area, and expansion effect of the polymer grouting raw materials. This ensures that the polymer effectively compacts and slightly disturbs and lifts the strata at the location of tunnel defects, preventing the polymer from "deviating" due to the influence of the geological environment. The goal is to achieve targeted, quantitative, uniform, and controllable polymer grouting. Simultaneously, to ensure that the polymer material does not excessively impact the geological environment, the fluidity and diffusivity of the material during grouting must be controlled to ensure that the polymerization reaction occurs at the remediation location. In this embodiment, by obtaining the grouting area and deformation of the shield tunnel to be treated during the treatment process, the location of the grouting hole can be determined, and the amount, diffusion range, expansion area, and expansion effect of the polymer grouting material can be clarified. The grouting bladder is installed on the grouting pipe and lowered to the set position, that is, the grouting section of the grouting pipe is sent to the grouting area to ensure the accuracy of the grouting operation, so as to achieve rapid, accurate, uniform, and controllable grouting reinforcement and lifting of the shield tunnel.

[0050] In one embodiment, obtaining the grouting area and deformation of the shield tunnel to be treated specifically includes: using detection methods such as three-dimensional laser scanning, settlement deformation monitoring, and track inspection trolley to accurately determine the deformation of the shield tunnel, including the range, location, and direction of the deformation, and further determining the grouting area of ​​the shield tunnel to be treated. By analyzing the grouting area, the amount of polymer grouting material, diffusion range, and expansion area can be preliminarily calculated, thereby enabling precise and controllable grouting of the shield tunnel to be treated.

[0051] In the optimized implementation, the grouting bladder is preferably a flexible grouting bladder. The step of inserting the grouting bladder into the grouting hole through the grouting pipe and delivering it to the set position includes:

[0052] S301: Based on the obtained grouting area and deformation, determine the length of the grouting section of the grouting pipe, the location and number of grout outlet holes on the grouting section, and determine the size of the flexible grouting bladder and its installation position in the grouting section of the grouting pipe.

[0053] S302: Install the flexible grouting bladder on the grouting section of the grouting pipe;

[0054] S303: Insert the grouting pipe with the flexible grouting bladder installed into the grouting hole until the flexible grouting bladder is delivered to the set position.

[0055] Specifically, based on the obtained grouting area and deformation, the length of the grouting section of the grouting pipe can be determined. A flexible grouting bladder is installed in the grouting section of the grouting pipe and delivered to the grouting area of ​​the grouting hole through the grouting pipe. A suitable size for the flexible grouting bladder is selected, and its installation position on the grouting pipe is determined to ensure that the polymer grouting material expands within the grouting bladder to encapsulate the shield tunnel and uniformly and densely reinforce the surrounding strata. The flexible grouting bladder can control the flow path, reaction range, and injection volume of the polymer reaction raw materials. Simultaneously, as the amount of polymer generated within the grouting bladder increases, the flexible grouting bladder gradually expands, thus uniformly bearing force along the shield tunnel curve. Continued grouting, with the polymer grouting material injected into the strata below the tunnel, can achieve uniform micro-disturbance uplift of the tunnel. This invention enables precise control of the entire grouting and lifting process, reduces the consumption of polymer reactive materials, maximizes the effectiveness of polymer grouting materials, ensures uniform reinforcement, lifting, and settlement control of shield tunnels, and achieves cost reduction and efficiency improvement in polymer grouting engineering for shield tunnels.

[0056] In an optimized implementation, the injection of polymer grouting material into the grouting pipe specifically includes: before grouting, sealing the grout outlet located outside the flexible grouting bladder on the grouting pipe to ensure that the polymer grouting material first undergoes a polymerization reaction and expands within the flexible grouting bladder. The pressure setting value of the grouting pipe is the maximum pressure threshold that the sealing layer can withstand. If the maximum pressure threshold is exceeded, the sealing layer is ruptured, and the polymer grouting material in the grouting pipe can overflow through the grout outlet and inject into the strata below the tunnel for infiltration and reinforcement, improving its bearing capacity, while simultaneously slowly raising the shield tunnel. During the grouting process, the pressure inside the grouting pipe is monitored. Before the flexible grouting bladder is filled, the pressure inside the grouting pipe is kept below the pressure setting value to allow the polymer grouting material to fill the flexible grouting bladder first. After the flexible grouting bladder is filled, grouting continues, and the pressure inside the grouting pipe exceeds the pressure setting value, allowing the polymer grouting material to break through the sealing layer on the grouting pipe and inject into the strata below the shield tunnel to be treated.

[0057] The optimized implementation method further includes injecting polymer grouting material into the grouting pipe: during the grouting process, adjusting the grouting time and flow rate based on real-time monitoring data of the tunnel to be treated, so that the rise of the tunnel to be treated per unit time remains within a set range. In tunnel deformation treatment, a greater rise in tunnel height leads to higher construction efficiency, but a higher single rise is not always better. During the tunnel rise process, it is also necessary to ensure the overall integrity of the tunnel and manage stress changes to avoid uneven stress and cracking. To minimize damage to the tunnel during grouting, and to ensure the rise of the tunnel to be treated per unit time remains within a set range, the tunnel is slowly reinforced and raised.

[0058] To optimize the implementation method and ensure uniform force distribution on both sides during the lifting process of the shield tunnel, a set of grouting holes is provided on the left and right sides of the shield tunnel to be treated. Polymer grouting material is injected into the grouting pipes in the two sets of grouting holes simultaneously to balance the shield tunnel to be treated from left to right, achieve a balance between the tunnel convergence value and the lifting value, and at the same time, avoid misalignment and gaps in the left and right segments, thus ensuring the integrity of the tunnel.

[0059] In this embodiment, after the polymer grouting material is injected into the flexible grouting bladder through the grouting pipe, the grouting bladder expands, with one side of its expansion facing the tunnel segment. The side of the grouting bladder facing the tunnel segment has a lifting surface, which is an arc-shaped surface and its curvature matches the curvature of the tunnel segment. The lifting surface is adjacent to the tunnel segment. After the flexible grouting bladder is filled with polymer grouting material, it fits into the tunnel segment. After the flexible grouting bladder is filled, it is crescent-shaped.

[0060] In this embodiment, a polymer grouting material is used. This polymer grouting material is a two-component material, comprising component A and component B. Components A and B are mixed in a certain proportion, and after a polymerization reaction, their volume rapidly expands to form a foam-like solid, achieving the purpose of reinforcing the strata and lifting the tunnel. Of course, polymer grouting materials include, but are not limited to, two-component grouting materials. For example, the polymer grouting material can be polyurethane, epoxy resin, acrylamide, etc.

[0061] In an optimized implementation, the method further includes: stopping grouting after the polymer grouting material to be injected into the stratum has solidified; sealing the grouting pipe and the gap between the grouting pipe and the grouting hole. After the grouting operation is completed, the grouting pipe extending beyond the ground layer is cut off, and then the grouting pipe is sealed with concrete and coated with waterproof paint.

[0062] In this embodiment, the flow path, diffusion range, diffusion sequence, and penetration depth of the polymer grouting material are precisely controlled by flexible grouting bladders and differentially perforated grouting pipes. This ensures that the polymer material is well injected into the target location, while avoiding the influence of the geological environment on the performance of the polymer material and the grouting reinforcement effect. This achieves uniform polymer grouting, reducing construction difficulty and cost. It also achieves a balance between tunnel lifting and convergence, addressing both settlement and ellipticity simultaneously. By fully utilizing the polymer grouting raw materials, it avoids material waste or incomplete polymerization reaction, ensuring the construction quality of polymer grouting, reducing project costs, and achieving cost reduction and efficiency improvement in polymer grouting construction.

[0063] Example 2

[0064] As per the instruction manual Figure 2 As shown, the present invention also provides a polymer grouting system for deformation treatment of shield tunnels, used to implement the polymer grouting method described in Example 1, the system comprising:

[0065] The data analysis unit is used to obtain the grouting area and deformation of the shield tunnel to be treated;

[0066] The drilling unit is used to determine the drilling location based on the grouting area and deformation, and to drill to the bottom of the tunnel segment to form a grouting hole;

[0067] The grouting unit includes a grouting pipe 1, a grouting bladder 2, and a grouting device for injecting polymer grouting material into the grouting pipe 1. The grouting pipe 1 is connected to the grouting end of the grouting device, and the grouting bladder 2 is connected to the grouting pipe 1 and extends into the grouting hole through the grouting pipe 1.

[0068] Specifically, the grouting pipe 1 is a sleeve valve pipe made of PVC pipe, which can be assembled from several unit pipes to obtain grouting pipes 1 of different lengths as needed; the joints between unit pipes are sealed with waterproof tape. The grouting pipe 1 includes a grouting section and a non-grouting section, with the grouting section located below the non-grouting section. After the grouting pipe 1 is inserted into the grouting hole, the grouting section is located in the grouting area. The grouting bladder 2 is connected to the grouting section, and the inner cavity of the grouting pipe 1 communicates with the grouting bladder 2. Of course, part of the grouting section is located outside the grouting bladder 2; the grouting bladder is preferably a flexible grouting bladder.

[0069] Optimized implementation methods, as shown in the appendix to the instruction manual. Figure 3 As shown, the grouting section has a first grout outlet 4 and a second grout outlet 8. The grouting bladder 2 is connected to the first grout outlet 4. Before grouting, a sealing layer is provided on the second grout outlet 8. After the grouting bladder 2 is filled with polymer grouting material, the polymer grouting material breaks through the sealing layer and is injected into the soil layer. The grouting bladder 2 is fixed to the grouting pipe 1 by a binding strap 3. The first grout outlet 4 is connected to the grouting bladder 2 to ensure that the injected polymer grouting material enters the grouting bladder 2 and undergoes a polymerization reaction to expand within it. The grouting bladder 2 is crescent-shaped. The second grout outlet 8 is sealed with glass glue. When the pressure inside the grouting pipe 1 is too high, the glass glue is destroyed, and the polymer grouting material inside the grouting pipe 1 can be injected into the soil layer.

[0070] In an optimized implementation, the number of first slurry outlet holes 4 is greater than the number of second slurry outlet holes 8, and the diameter of the first slurry outlet holes 4 is greater than the diameter of the second slurry outlet holes 8.

[0071] In an optimized implementation, the grouting device includes a grouting core tube 5 inserted into the grouting pipe 1. The number of grouting core tubes 5 is the same as the number of components of the polymer grouting material. In this embodiment, each grouting pipe 1 is equipped with two grouting core tubes 5. The grouting core tube is connected to a grouting device for providing grout. A flow regulating valve for controlling the grout flow rate is provided at the front end of the grouting core tube.

[0072] In an optimized implementation method, after inserting the grouting pipe 1 equipped with the grouting bladder 2 into the grouting hole, the grouting hole is sealed with the casing material 6 to ensure the grouting state.

[0073] The optimized implementation method involves setting up a set of grouting holes on the left and right sides of the shield tunnel, with a grouting pipe 1 and a grouting bladder 2 inside each grouting hole. The two sets of grouting holes are symmetrically arranged and grouting is carried out simultaneously to achieve left-right balance of shield tunnel deformation during grouting. This ensures that the tunnel is always under uniform left-right stress during grouting, avoiding misalignment and separation of the left and right segments, and ensuring the integrity of the tunnel.

[0074] The effects of the polymer grouting method provided by the present invention will be illustrated below through specific embodiments.

[0075] Based on the tunnel's burial depth, location, and deformation, the grouting area, the length of the grouting section of the grouting pipe, the size of the flexible grouting bladder, and its installation position on the grouting pipe are determined. First, a symmetrical inclined pilot hole is drilled to the predetermined tunnel depth (approximately 45m). The inclination angle can be calculated and adjusted according to the actual conditions of the tunnel. Then, a sleeve valve pipe with a crescent-shaped flexible grouting bladder and differentially perforated openings is lowered into the borehole. The grouting section of the sleeve valve pipe is perforated at the surface. The grouting section length is set to 6m, with three first grout outlet holes and one second grout outlet hole, spaced 1.5m apart. The diameter of the first grout outlet hole is 20mm, and the diameter of the second grout outlet hole is 14mm. A crescent-shaped flexible grouting bladder is installed at the first grout outlet and secured to the outer wall of the sleeve valve pipe with binding straps. This ensures that after grout exits from the first outlet, the two polymer grouting components fully mix and react within the grouting bladder to generate expanding polymer 7. The grouting bladder can confine the polymer generation area, compacting and reinforcing the surrounding strata and further lifting them. Simultaneously, due to the difference in the number and diameter of the grout outlets, the expansion rate of the grouting bladder is greater than the rate at which polymers are generated in the strata at the second grout outlet. This ensures that the grouting bladder first adheres to the shield tunnel segment, allowing it to bear force evenly. The subsequent process of the polymer injected into the strata lifting the segment is then smooth and coordinated.

[0076] After the sleeve valve pipe is lowered, two grouting core pipes 5 are installed. The function of the grouting core pipes 5 is to deliver the two polymer materials undergoing polymerization to the designated grouting section for reaction. After the pipe is lowered, the grouting holes are sealed with casing material 6 to ensure the condition of the grouting holes.

[0077] During grouting, two polymer grouting components are injected into the tunnel at the locations requiring deformation control through the grouting core tube 5. The polymer grouting components are injected into the grouting bladder 2 through the first grout outlet 4. The grouting bladder 2 isolates the complex geological environment, preventing the polymer grouting components from "running away." This allows them to fully mix and polymerize within the grouting bladder 2, generating micro-expanding polymers that gradually fill the grouting bladder 2. The grouting bladder 2 slowly deforms back into a crescent shape, densely reinforcing the strata on both sides of the shield tunnel and simultaneously fitting the tunnel segments to ensure uniform external stress. Meanwhile, the second grout outlet 8 at the tail end, due to the sealing process, requires waiting for the grouting bladder to deform and for the internal pressure to increase before grout can be released. The generated polymers primarily densely reinforce the strata at the bottom of the tunnel, increasing the strata's bearing capacity. Because of the presence of the grouting bladder, the polymers do not "drift" upwards, resulting in a more uniform force on the shield tunnel and less disturbance to the tunnel segments, effectively achieving the goal of micro-disturbance lifting.

[0078] Those skilled in the art will understand that the present invention can be implemented in many other specific forms without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Although embodiments of the invention have been described, it should be understood that the invention is not limited to these embodiments, and those skilled in the art can make changes and modifications within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

Claims

1. A polymer grouting method for tunnel deformation treatment, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Obtain the location and amount of deformation of the tunnel to be treated; The drilling location is determined based on the deformation location and amount of deformation. The borehole is drilled to the bottom of the tunnel segment to form a grouting hole. A set of grouting holes is provided on the left and right sides of the shield tunnel to be treated. The grouting bladder is inserted into each grouting hole through the grouting pipe and delivered to the set position; the grouting pipe is provided with multiple grout outlet holes, at least one of which is located outside the grouting bladder, and the remaining grouting holes are located inside the grouting bladder and communicate with the grouting bladder. The grout outlet holes located outside the grouting bladder are provided with a sealing layer. The diameter of the grout outlet holes inside the grouting bladder is larger than the diameter of the grout outlet holes outside the grouting bladder, and the number of grout outlet holes inside the grouting bladder is greater than the number of grout outlet holes outside the grouting bladder. Polymer grouting material is simultaneously injected into the grouting pipes in two sets of grouting holes to balance the left and right sides of the shield tunnel to be treated. The polymer grouting material is injected into the grouting pipes, fills the grouting bladder, and overflows to the outside of the grouting pipes to diffuse into the strata below the tunnel to be treated for infiltration and reinforcement, so as to achieve the deformation treatment of the shield tunnel. During the grouting process, the pressure inside the grouting pipe is monitored. Before the grouting bladder is filled, the pressure inside the grouting pipe is kept below the set pressure value so that the polymer grouting material fills the grouting bladder first. The grouting bladder expands, and its expanded side faces the tunnel segment. The side of the grouting bladder facing the tunnel segment has a lifting surface. The lifting surface is an arc-shaped surface, and its curvature matches the curvature of the tunnel segment. The lifting surface is adjacent to the tunnel segment. After the flexible grouting bladder is filled with polymer grouting material, it fits into the tunnel segment. After the flexible grouting bladder is filled, it is crescent-shaped. After the grouting bladder is filled, grouting continues. The pressure inside the grouting pipe is greater than the pressure set value so that the polymer grouting material breaks through the sealing layer on the grouting pipe and is injected into the strata below the shield tunnel to be treated.

2. The polymer grouting method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The grouting chamber is inserted into the grouting hole through the grouting pipe and delivered to the designated position, including: Based on the obtained grouting area and deformation, determine the length of the grouting section of the grouting pipe, the location and number of grout outlet holes on the grouting section, and determine the size of the grouting bladder and its installation position in the grouting section of the grouting pipe. The grouting bladder is installed on the grouting section of the grouting pipe; Insert the grouting pipe with the grouting bladder installed into the grouting hole until the grouting bladder is delivered to the set position.

3. The polymer grouting method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Injecting polymer grouting material into the grouting pipe also includes: During the grouting process, the grouting time and flow rate are adjusted according to the real-time monitoring data of the shield tunnel to be treated, so that the uplift value of the shield tunnel to be treated per unit time is within the set range.

4. The polymer grouting method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The grouting bladder is positioned with its expanded side facing the tunnel segment, and after being filled with polymer grouting material, it adheres to the tunnel segment.

5. The polymer grouting method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method further includes: Grouting should be stopped after the polymer grouting material injected into the formation has solidified. Seal the grouting pipe and the gap between the grouting pipe and the grouting hole.

6. The system of the polymer grouting method according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, include: The data analysis unit is used to obtain the grouting area and deformation of the shield tunnel to be treated; The drilling unit is used to determine the drilling location based on the grouting area and deformation, and to drill to the bottom of the tunnel segment to form a grouting hole; The grouting unit includes a grouting pipe, a grouting bladder, and a grouting device for injecting polymer grouting material into the grouting pipe. The grouting pipe is connected to the grouting end of the grouting device, and the grouting bladder is connected to the grouting section of the grouting pipe and extends into the grouting hole through the grouting pipe. The grouting section is provided with a first grout outlet and a second grout outlet. The grouting bladder is connected to the first grout outlet and the second grout outlet is provided with a sealing layer. After the grouting bladder is filled with polymer grouting material, the polymer grouting material breaks through the sealing layer and is injected into the soil layer. The number of the first grout outlet is greater than the number of the second grout outlet, and the diameter of the first grout outlet is greater than the diameter of the second grout outlet.

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