Film covering mechanism of film covering rice transplanter capable of adaptively adjusting rice transplanting depth

Abstract

The invention discloses a film-mulching rice transplanter film-mulching mechanism capable of adaptively adjusting rice transplanting depth, which comprises a rice transplanter body, a film hanging mechanism for hanging a film is arranged below a rice transplanter cross beam behind the rice transplanter body, the film hanging mechanism comprises a film hanging frame with adjustable terrain clearance, and a film pressing mechanism is arranged behind the film hanging frame. According to the film pressing mechanism, a floating rod is installed at the bottom of a fixing beam behind a transplanter cross beam through an installation mechanism, the floating rod is connected with a bottom plate through a film pressing roller support, the front end of the bottom plate is movably connected with a film pressing roller through a connecting frame, and the middle of the bottom plate is connected with a hydraulic system switch of a hydraulic profiling system on the transplanter body through a pull rope assembly. The film mulching and pressing device is reasonable in structural design, the film mulching and pressing effects during film mulching and transplanting operation can be well completed, the film mulching and pressing device can replace a floating plate to be connected with a hydraulic profiling system of a rice transplanter, the device has the function of adaptively adjusting the transplanting depth, manpower and working time are reduced, and the efficiency of film mulching and transplanting operation is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of film covering rice transplanters, in particular to a film covering mechanism of the film covering rice transplanter capable of adaptively adjusting the transplanting depth. Background Art

[0002] In order to effectively inhibit the growth of weeds during the development and growth of rice plants and improve the yield per unit area and rice quality, the current agronomic method is to lay a degradable film in the paddy field before transplanting rice, and then complete the drilling of holes in the film and transplanting. In order to improve the efficiency and quality of rice film covering operations, a machine equipped with a film hanging and pressing mechanism on the traditional rice transplanter has been developed, realizing the integration of rice film covering and transplanting operations.

[0003] However, the existing film-covered rice transplanters are not fully functional and their automation level is not high enough. Human labor is still needed to follow the machine to work, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive if working in a large field. It is well known that rice fields are muddy paddy fields with uneven heights and depths. The role of the float is to float up and down with the changes in the height of the field when the rice transplanter is working, and then feedback is given to the hydraulic profiling system through the sensitive line, so that the hydraulic profiling system controls the rice planting platform to move up and down with the changes in the height of the field, thereby maintaining a certain planting depth.

[0004] However, the existing film-covered rice transplanter lacks a mechanism for adaptively adjusting the transplanting depth. The installation of the film-covered mechanism conflicts with the position of the floating plate on the original rice transplanter, and the position where the floating plate is installed is prone to damage the laid film. Therefore, during use, the floating plate and the film-covered mechanism are two structures that interfere with each other, so the floating plate has to be removed or changed in position, and the role and position of the floating plate are extremely important.

[0005] If it is directly removed, the floating plate will no longer function, and the consistency of the transplanting depth cannot be guaranteed, which will affect the growth of the seedlings in the later stage. If the depth is too shallow, there will be many ears but small ears and no resistance to lodging. If the depth is too deep, there will be few ears and no high yield.

[0006] In the rare cases where the position of the float is changed, such as moving it to both sides, the function of the float is theoretically retained, but in actual use, the control switch of the hydraulic profiling system of the transplanter body is located in the middle. If it is connected from the side, on the one hand, it cannot be sensitively sensed. On the other hand, due to the instability of the transplanter during operation, the side floating is relatively large and cannot be accurately sensed, so it is impossible to accurately feedback that the pressure is too high in a certain place, and the pressure is too low in a certain place. The transplanting depth cannot be accurately adjusted. Therefore, the position where the float is connected to the sensitive line is also extremely important. It is difficult to restore the original function after the position is changed.

[0007] Currently, no effective solution has been proposed for the problems in the related technologies. Summary of the invention

[0008] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the defects and shortcomings of the prior art, provide a film covering mechanism of a film covering rice transplanter which can adaptively adjust the transplanting depth, and solve various problems existing in the prior art.

[0009] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0010] A film covering mechanism for a film covering transplanter capable of adaptively adjusting the transplanting depth comprises a transplanter body, a transplanter crossbeam is connected to the rear of the transplanter body via a connecting mechanism, a film hanging mechanism for hanging film is installed below the transplanter crossbeam, the film hanging mechanism comprises a film hanging frame with adjustable height above the ground, a film pressing mechanism is arranged behind the film hanging frame, the film pressing mechanism comprises a film pressing roller arranged in parallel with the film hanging frame, fixed beams arranged in parallel are arranged below the transplanting box behind the transplanter crossbeam, a floating rod is installed at the bottom of the fixed beam via an installing mechanism, the floating rod is connected to a bottom plate via a film pressing roller bracket, the front end of the bottom plate is movably connected to the film pressing roller via a connecting frame, and the middle part of the bottom plate is connected to the hydraulic system switch of the hydraulic profiling system on the transplanter body via a pull rope assembly.

[0011] Square tubes are symmetrically connected to the tops of both ends of the transplanter beam, and film rack frames are provided at the bottoms of the square tubes. Clamping plates are installed on the outer sides of the film rack frames, and clamping blocks are fixedly connected to the inner sides of the clamping plates. The clamping blocks are truncated cone-shaped with a narrow front and a wide rear, and clamping plate handles are fixedly connected to the outer sides of the clamping plates. Film racks are fixedly connected between the film rack frames, and the height of the film racks is adjusted by an adjustment mechanism between the film rack frames and the square tubes.

[0012] The adjusting mechanism includes a screw, the square tube is threadedly connected with a screw through a screw sleeve, the top of the screw is fixedly connected with a handle, the bottom of the screw passes through the film hanging frame and is threadedly connected to the screw sleeve installed in the film hanging frame, the screw sleeve is fixedly connected to the film hanging frame, the top of the film hanging frame is symmetrically connected with a limit plate, and the top of the limit plate passes through the square tube.

[0013] The film hanging frame is a cylindrical structure with an opening and a semicircular cross-section. A film pressing block is installed above the inner end of the film hanging frame. The top of the film pressing block is connected to a pulling wire mechanism. The pulling wire mechanism passes through the film hanging frame and is fixedly connected to the rice transplanter body.

[0014] The mounting mechanism includes a mounting plate, and the floating rod is provided with a mounting plate for installing fixed intervals. The top of the mounting plate is provided with a circular hole, and one side of the transplanting box is fixedly connected with a mounting rod, and the mounting rod matches the circular hole on the mounting plate. A limiting bolt is provided at the end of the mounting rod.

[0015] The floating rod is connected to a plurality of film pressing roller brackets arranged at intervals, and the bottoms of the film pressing roller brackets are respectively connected to independent bottom plates through movable shafts, and the front ends of the bottom plates are movably connected to the film pressing rollers through connecting frames, and the connecting frames on the outer sides of adjacent film pressing rollers are fixedly connected to each other, and both sides of the middle part of the bottom plate are symmetrically connected to auxiliary film pressing rollers through movable axes, and a plurality of auxiliary springs are respectively installed between each bottom plate and the cross beam of the rice transplanter; the pull rope assembly includes an L-shaped rod fixed to the vertical upper end surface of the middle part of the bottom plate, and a wire puller is installed on the top of the L-shaped rod, and the wire puller is connected to the hydraulic system switch of the hydraulic profiling system on the rice transplanter body through a sensitive line, and a connecting block which is staggered in space from the L-shaped rod is fixedly connected to the middle surface of the floating rod, and the connecting block is connected to a manual adjustment mechanism for transplanting depth on the rice transplanter body.

[0016] It also includes a film cutting mechanism located at the rear of the transplanter body, the film cutting mechanism includes a film cutting knife, both ends of the film cutting knife are respectively mounted on the two ends of the transplanter beam through a film cutting knife holder, the film cutting knife holder is fixedly mounted inside a fixed sleeve, an arc plate 1 is mounted on the inner side of the fixed sleeve, the arc plate 1 is connected to the transplanter beam through a pneumatic linkage assembly, the pneumatic linkage assembly includes a fixed plate 1 fixedly connected to the top of a square tube, the top of the fixed plate 1 is fixedly connected to a support frame, one side of the support frame is fixedly connected to an angle frame 1, one side of the angle frame 1 is connected to a pneumatic telescopic rod through a movable shaft, an air compressor is mounted on the transplanter body, and the air compressor is connected to the pneumatic telescopic rod through a plurality of air pipes.

[0017] One end of the film cutting knife frame is connected with a film cutting knife through a connecting plate 1, the top of the connecting plate 1 is fixedly connected with a connecting sleeve 1, the top of the fixing sleeve is fixedly connected with an angle frame 2, one side of the angle frame 2 is connected with an electric telescopic rod, the output end of the electric telescopic rod is connected with a push plate, one side of the push plate is fixedly connected with a connecting sleeve 2, the bottom of the connecting sleeve 2 is fixedly connected with a clamping plate, a connecting shaft 1 is provided between the connecting sleeve 1 and the connecting sleeve 2, a limiting strip is provided on the connecting shaft 1, one side of the fixing plate 1 is fixedly connected with a connecting plate 2, one side of the connecting plate 2 is fixedly connected with a welding plate, the top of the welding plate is fixedly connected with a connecting sleeve 3, one side of the film cutting knife frame is fixedly connected with a connecting shaft 2, and the connecting shaft 2 is inserted into the connecting sleeve 3, and the actions of the electric telescopic rod and the air compressor are respectively controlled by the controller of the rice transplanter body.

[0018] The film pressing mechanism also includes a pressing mechanism, which includes pressing wheels located on both sides of the film pressing mechanism, and the pressing wheels are connected to the crossbeam of the rice transplanter through a floating connection mechanism. The floating connection mechanism includes a fixed plate 2, and the bottom of the fixed plate 2 is connected to a rotating rod through a telescopic mechanism, one end of the rotating rod is connected to the pressing wheel, and the other end of the rotating rod is connected to an arc plate 2, and the top of the arc plate 2 is connected to a U-shaped frame through a movable shaft, and the U-shaped frame is connected to the welding plate.

[0019] The telescopic mechanism comprises a movable rod, the bottom of which is connected to the rotating rod, the top of which passes through the second fixing plate and is fixedly connected with a stopper, and a spring is wound around the surface of the movable rod.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] (1) By arranging a rice transplanter body, a rice transplanter crossbeam, a square tube, a floating rod, a film pressing roller bracket, a bottom plate, a film pressing roller, a film pressing auxiliary roller, an auxiliary spring, an L-shaped rod, and a sensitive line, the film pressing roller and the film pressing auxiliary roller can replace the floating plate and be connected to the sensitive line on the rice transplanter body, so that the film pressing roller can transmit a signal to the hydraulic profiling system of the rice transplanter through the up and down floating of the film pressing roller, so that the rice transplanter can adaptively adjust the height of the rice planting platform according to the height of the ground during operation to always maintain a certain planting depth, and the film pressing roller can continuously float up and down following the field terrain;

[0022] Therefore, the pressure of the film pressing roller on the degradable film can also be maintained within a certain range. During operation, the pressure will not be too high due to the high terrain in a certain place, nor will the pressure be too low due to the low terrain in a certain place. In this way, the film pressing mechanism composed of the film pressing roller, the film pressing auxiliary roller, the bottom plate and the auxiliary spring can not only complete the function of laying and pressing the film during the film covering and transplanting operation, but also can replace the floating plate and connect with the hydraulic profiling system of the transplanter, so that it has the function of adaptively adjusting the transplanting depth. Moreover, the position of the sensitive line of the wire pulling assembly is in the middle, which ensures that the position signal of the film pressing roller can be accurately and sensitively fed back to the hydraulic profiling system of the transplanter during the actual working process.

[0023] (2) By arranging a square tube, a film hanging frame, a plywood, a pressing block, a film hanging frame, a fixing plate, a supporting frame, an angle frame 1, a pneumatic telescopic rod, an arc plate 1, a fixing sleeve, a film cutting knife frame, a connecting plate 1, a film cutting knife, a connecting sleeve 1, a corner frame 2, an electric telescopic rod, a push plate, a connecting sleeve 2, a clamping plate, a connecting shaft 1, a limiting strip, a connecting plate 2, a welding plate, a connecting sleeve 3, and a connecting shaft 2, the film cutting knife can be quickly lowered and lifted up under the action of the pneumatic telescopic rod. After the film cutting knife completes the film cutting operation, the clamping plate is rotated by the electric telescopic push rod and drives the film to contact the surface of the film cutting knife, thereby clamping the film, and the pneumatic telescopic rod is used to lift the film cutting knife frame, thereby clamping and lifting the film to prevent the bottom of the film from excessively contacting the mud surface when the rice transplanter moves to the next work site, causing dragging or damage;

[0024] After the rice transplanter reaches the next stage of work, the pneumatic telescopic rod is used to drop the film cutting knife holder. At this time, the film cutting knife and the splint fall with the film and press the end of the film into the mud. The electric telescopic rod is started to make the splint rotate to loosen the film, and a new film covering and transplanting operation can be started. This mechanism replaces the film cutting and pressing of the film into the mud that originally required manual operation with a machine, reducing manpower and working time, and improving the efficiency of film covering and transplanting operations.

[0025] (3) By setting the film hanging frame, plywood, pressing block, film hanging frame and adjustment mechanism, the outer side of the film hanging frame is semicircular, which can push down higher mud blocks in advance when the rice transplanter is working to achieve a pre-laying effect, which is convenient for subsequent film laying and transplanting operations, and the height of the film hanging frame can be appropriately adjusted according to different plots through the adjustment mechanism.

[0026] (4) By setting up a pressing mechanism and a telescopic mechanism, the pressing mechanism can press the two sides of the degradable film into the mud to prevent the laid film from being blown up by side winds, and the telescopic mechanism can allow the pressing wheel to float up and down with the changes in the field terrain to prevent the pressing wheel from causing excessive pressure to damage the degradable film and from causing the film to fail to be pressed into the mud due to insufficient pressure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of a film pressing roller, a film cutting knife and a film hanging frame in a film covering mechanism of a film covering rice transplanter capable of adaptively adjusting the transplanting depth according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the rice transplanting box, the planting arm and the transplanting mechanism in the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the connection between the L-shaped rod and the sensitive line in the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the film pressing roller in the present invention;

[0032] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the film cutting knife holder in the present invention;

[0033] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the edge pressing mechanism in the present invention;

[0034] Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of the film hanging rack in the present invention;

[0035] Fig. 9 It is a structural schematic diagram of the wire puller in the present invention.

[0036] Reference numerals:

[0037] 1. Transplanter body; 2. Transplanter crossbeam; 3. Square tube; 4. Film frame frame; 5. Clamp; 6. Press block; 7. Film frame; 8. Fixed plate 1; 9. Support frame; 10. Angle frame 1; 11. Pneumatic telescopic rod; 12. Arc plate 1; 13. Fixed sleeve; 14. Film cutter frame; 15. Connecting plate 1; 16. Film cutter; 17. Connecting sleeve 1; 18. Angle frame 2; 19. Electric telescopic rod; 20. Push plate; 21. Connecting sleeve 2; 22. Clamp; 23. Connecting shaft 1; 24. Limit strip; 25. Connecting plate 2; 26. Welding plate; 27. Connecting sleeve 3; 28. Connecting shaft 2; 29. ​​Fixed beam; 30. Planting arm; 31. Floating rod; 32. Film pressing roller bracket; 33. Bottom plate; 34. Film pressing roller; 35. Auxiliary film pressing roller; 36. Auxiliary spring; 37. L-shaped rod; 38. Wire puller; 39. Screw; 40. Handle; 41. Limit plate; 42. Fixed plate 2; 43. Rotating rod; 44. Edge pressing wheel; 45. Arc plate 2; 46. U-shaped frame; 47. Movable rod; 48. Stopper; 49. Spring; 50. Connecting block; 51. Air compressor; 52. Film pressing block; 53. Wire pulling mechanism; 54. Controller; 55. Clamping handle; 56. Mounting plate; 57. Mounting rod; 58. Manual adjustment mechanism for transplanting depth;

[0038] 381. Large connecting frame; 382. Movable shaft; 383. Sensitive line; 384. Pull line; 385. Small connecting frame; 386. Pull line. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0040] Embodiment 1 of the present invention:

[0041] See also Figure 1-9 A film covering mechanism for a film covering rice transplanter capable of adaptively adjusting the transplanting depth comprises a rice transplanter body 1, a rice transplanter crossbeam 2 is connected to the rear of the rice transplanter body 1 through a connecting mechanism, three rice transplanting boxes are evenly installed on one side of the rice transplanter crossbeam 2, planting arms 30 are installed on both sides of the rice transplanting boxes, and a transplanting mechanism is installed on the planting arms 30, a floating rod 31 is installed on the fixed beam 29 at the bottom of the rice transplanting box through a mounting mechanism, three pairs of film pressing roller brackets 32 are evenly connected to the floating rod 31, the bottom of the film pressing roller bracket 32 ​​is connected to a bottom plate 33 through a movable shaft, and one end of the bottom plate 33 is movable through a connecting frame A film pressing roller 34 is connected, and the connecting frames outside the three film pressing rollers 34 are fixedly connected. The middle part of the bottom plate 33 is symmetrically connected to the film pressing auxiliary roller 35 through a movable axis. A plurality of auxiliary springs 36 are installed between the bottom plate 33 and the transplanter crossbeam 2. The middle part of the bottom plate 33 feeds back the signal to the hydraulic profiling system on the transplanter body 1 through a pull rope assembly. The pull rope assembly includes an L-shaped rod 37 fixed to the upper end surface of the middle part of the bottom plate (33) and vertically arranged. A wire puller 38 is installed on the top of the L-shaped rod 37. The wire puller 38 is connected to the hydraulic system switch of the hydraulic profiling system on the transplanter body 1 through a sensitive line.

[0042] Further, the top of the transplanter crossbeam 2 is symmetrically connected with a square tube 3, the bottom of the square tube 3 is provided with a film frame 4, the outer side of the film frame 4 is installed with a plywood 5, the inner side of the plywood 5 is fixedly connected with a clamping block 6, the film frame 4 is fixedly connected with a film frame 7, and an adjustment mechanism is provided between the film frame 4 and the square tube 3;

[0043] The wire puller 38 includes a large connecting frame 381, a movable shaft 382, ​​a sensitive wire 383, a wire pull 384 and a small connecting frame 385. The sensitive wire 383 has a wire pull 386 inside. The bottom of the wire pull 386 passes through the large connecting frame 381 and is fixedly connected to the small connecting frame 385. The large connecting frame 381 and the small connecting frame 385 are similar in shape, and slide rails are provided on both sides. The two ends of the movable shaft 382 are connected to the transplanter beam through a U-shaped frame; the bottom plate drives the slide rail on the large connecting frame 381, and the movable shaft 383 first contacts the bottom of the slide rail on the small connecting frame 385. At this time, the large connecting frame 381 also moves upward with the bottom plate 33 , which causes the pull wire 384 in the sensitive line 383 to be pulled until the pull wire 384 controls the hydraulic system to stop the movement of the rice planting platform. When a higher mud surface is encountered during operation, the large connecting frame 381 continues to move upward with the bottom plate 33, and the pull wire 384 controls the hydraulic system to move the rice planting platform upward. Conversely, when a lower mud surface is encountered, the large connecting frame 381 moves downward with the bottom plate 33, and the pull wire 384 controls the hydraulic system to move the rice planting platform downward, so that a certain rice planting depth can be maintained regardless of whether the mud surface is high or low during operation; (the structure of the wire puller here only needs to be connected and fixed with the bottom plate and the sensitive line, and the structure can also be other structures).

[0044] The top of the square tube 3 is fixedly connected with a fixed plate 8, the top of the fixed plate 8 is fixedly connected with a support frame 9, one side of the support frame 9 is fixedly connected with an angle frame 10, one side of the angle frame 10 is connected with a pneumatic telescopic rod 11 through a movable shaft, the output end of the pneumatic telescopic rod 11 is connected with an arc plate 12 through a movable shaft, one side of the arc plate 12 is fixedly connected with a fixed sleeve 13, the interior of the fixed sleeve 13 is slidably connected with a film cutting knife holder 14, and one end of the film cutting knife holder 14 is connected through a plurality of connecting plates 15 A film cutting knife 16 is connected, the top of the connecting plate 15 is fixedly connected with a connecting sleeve 17, the top of the fixed sleeve 13 is fixedly connected with an angle bracket 2 18, one side of the angle bracket 18 is connected with an electric telescopic rod 19, the output end of the electric telescopic rod 19 is connected with a push plate 20, one side of the push plate 20 is fixedly connected with a connecting sleeve 21, the bottom of the connecting sleeve 21 is fixedly connected with a clamping plate 22, a connecting shaft 23 is provided between the connecting sleeve 17 and the connecting sleeve 21, and a limit strip 24 is provided on the connecting shaft 23.

[0045] One side of the fixed plate 1 8 is fixedly connected to a connecting plate 25, one side of the connecting plate 25 is fixedly connected to a welding plate 26, the top of the welding plate 26 is fixedly connected to a connecting sleeve 3 27, one side of the film cutting tool holder 14 is fixedly connected to a connecting shaft 28, the connecting shaft 28 is inserted into the connecting sleeve 3 27, and one side of the welding plate 26 is fixedly connected to a pressing mechanism.

[0046] In the structure, the film pressing roller bracket 32 ​​is connected to the bottom plate 33 by a movable shaft, and can swing up and down with the change of field terrain during operation. This swinging form is similar to the swinging form of the floating plate on the original rice transplanter, and the film pressing roller 34 is a nylon material with an internal hollow structure and is light in weight. An auxiliary spring is provided on the bottom plate 33 to increase the resilience of the film pressing roller 34, so that it can swing with the change of terrain as sensitively as a floating plate. The L-shaped rod 37 of the film pressing roller 34 is connected to the hydraulic profiling system of the floating plate of the rice transplanter. The film pressing roller group contacts the field mud and generates force to make the film pressing roller 34 swing up and down like a floating plate, so that the L-shaped rod 37 also moves up and down with the film pressing roller 34 , thereby driving the extension and retraction of the sensitive line, and then the hydraulic profiling system controls the lifting and lowering of the entire planting platform according to the extension and retraction of the wire assembly, and an auxiliary spring 36 is installed between the film pressing roller 34 and the transplanter beam 2, so that the initial position of the wire assembly is closer to the initial position of the original floating plate sensing line, making its lifting and falling actions more sensitive, so that the film pressing roller 34 can not only perform film pressing and laying operations, but also replace the floating plate to ensure the transplanting depth during work, so that it has the function of adaptively adjusting the transplanting depth, and the position of the sensitive line of the wire assembly is in the middle, which ensures that the position signal of the film pressing roller can be accurately and sensitively fed back to the hydraulic profiling system of the transplanter during actual work.

[0047] The bottom of the film cutting knife 16 is composed of a plurality of triangular blade teeth, the tooth tips are relatively sharp and the contact surface with the film is small, so the film can be easily punctured. When working, the pneumatic telescopic rod 11 is started to make the film cutting knife holder 14 and the film cutting knife 16 fall downward. The film cutting knife 16 is subjected to the thrust of the pneumatic telescopic rod 11 and its own gravity, and the falling speed is fast and the force is large, so the film can be well cut. The clamping plate 22 is arranged on the inner side of the film cutting knife 16, and the bottom of the clamping plate 22 is close to the bottom position of the film cutting knife 16 when it is in the normal position. The electric telescopic rod 19 is started to make the clamping plate 22 rotate toward the position of the film cutting knife 16, and the film can be brought up and aligned with the inner side of the film cutting knife 16 The sides of the film are attached to each other, thereby clamping the film between the clamping plate 22 and the film cutting knife 16, so as to prevent the bottom of the film from excessively contacting the mud surface and causing dragging or damage when the transplanter moves to the next work site. After the transplanter arrives at the next stage of the work site, the pneumatic telescopic rod is used to drop the film cutting knife holder. At this time, the film cutting knife and the clamping plate fall with the film and press the end of the film into the mud. The electric telescopic rod is started to make the clamping plate rotate to loosen the film, and a new film covering and transplanting operation can be started. This mechanism replaces the film cutting and pressing of the film into the mud that originally required manual operation with a machine, reducing manpower and working time, and improving the efficiency of the film covering and transplanting operation.

[0048] Embodiment 2:

[0049] The adjusting mechanism comprises a screw 39, the screw 39 is threadedly connected in the square tube 3 through a screw sleeve, a handle 40 is fixedly connected to the top of the screw 39, the bottom of the screw 39 passes through the film hanging frame 4, and is threadedly connected to the screw sleeve installed in the film hanging frame 4, the screw sleeve is fixedly connected to the film hanging frame 4, the top of the film hanging frame 4 is symmetrically connected to a limit plate 41, and the top of the limit plate 41 passes through the square tube 3; the edge pressing mechanism comprises a fixed plate 2 42, the bottom of the fixed plate 2 42 is connected to a rotating rod 43 through a telescopic mechanism, one end of the rotating rod 43 is connected to a pressing wheel 44, and the other end of the rotating rod 43 is connected to an arc plate 2 45, the top of the arc plate 2 45 is connected to a U-shaped frame 46 through a movable shaft, and the U-shaped frame 46 is connected to the welding plate 26, the telescopic mechanism comprises a movable rod 47, the bottom of the movable rod 47 is connected to the rotating rod 43, the top of the movable rod 47 passes through the fixed plate 2 42, and is fixedly connected to a stopper 48, and a spring 49 is wound around the surface of the movable rod 47.

[0050] The surface of the floating rod 31 is fixedly connected with a connecting block 50, and the connecting block 50 is connected to the manual adjustment mechanism of the transplanting depth on the transplanter body 1. Due to different regions and different field environments, the planting conditions are also different. Some fields have hard mud, some fields have soft mud, and some places have a suitable transplanting depth of 2mm for planting rice, and some places have a suitable transplanting depth of 3mm for planting rice. Therefore, before work, it is necessary to determine the transplanting depth according to the field conditions. This transplanting depth is manually adjusted by the manual adjustment mechanism of the transplanting depth. In fact, the manual adjustment of the transplanting depth adjustment mechanism , that is, to change the distance between the film pressing mechanism and the mud surface. The closer the film pressing mechanism is to the mud surface, the earlier the film pressing mechanism will contact the mud surface and lift up, so it will transmit signals to the hydraulic system earlier to control the transplanting platform, thereby controlling the entire transplanting depth. For example, during the test, it is determined that the transplanting depth of this transplanting work is 2mm. Then before the transplanting work, the transplanting depth is adjusted to 2mm through the manual transplanting depth adjustment handle. Then, during work, this adaptive adjustment of the transplanting depth means that no matter whether the mud surface is high or low, the transplanter can always maintain a transplanting depth of 2mm for work.

[0051] An air compressor 51 is installed on the rice transplanter body 1, and the air compressor 51 is connected to the pneumatic telescopic rod 11 through a plurality of air pipes. A film pressing block 52 for tightening the film roll is installed inside the film hanging frame 7. A wire pulling mechanism 53 is connected to the top of the film pressing block 52. The wire pulling mechanism 53 runs through the film hanging frame 7 and is fixedly connected to the rice transplanter body 1. Normally, the film pressing block 52 is located at the top of the film hanging frame. Only after a section of rice transplanting work is completed, the film pressing block needs to be lowered to press the film roll to avoid cutting and clamping the film. During operation, the film on the film roll is pulled, and the electric telescopic rod 19 and the air compressor 51 are respectively connected to the controller 54, the outer side of the clamping plate 5 is fixedly connected to the clamping plate handle 55, the mounting mechanism includes a mounting plate 56, and three mounting plates 56 are mounted on the surface of the floating rod 31. The top of the mounting plate 56 is provided with a circular hole, and one side of the transplanting box is fixedly connected with a mounting rod 57, the mounting rod 57 matches the circular hole on the mounting plate 56, and a limit bolt is provided at the end of the mounting rod 57.

[0052] The existing biodegradable films are all wrapped around plastic cylinders or paper cylinders. The clamping block 6 of the mechanism is a truncated cone shape that is narrow in front and wide in the back. When working, the clamping plate 5 is opened through the clamping plate handle 55 and the plastic cylinder wrapped with the biodegradable film is placed into the film hanging rack 7, and the plastic cylinder is clamped by the clamping blocks 6 on both sides. The specific process of loading the film roll is as follows: first, the film roll (film roll: the inside is a hollow plastic tube or a hollow paper tube as a support, and the outside is wrapped with film) is placed into the film hanging rack, and then one end of the hollow plastic tube inside the film roll is inserted into the clamping block on one side, and then the clamping plate on this side is closed by the clamping plate handle. Since there is an opening on the rear side of the film hanging rack, the hollow plastic tube of the film roll at the other end is aligned with the clamping block on the other side through the opening, and then the clamping plate is closed to complete the installation of the film roll and take it out The film roll can be taken out by opening one side of the clamping plate through the clamping plate handle. The clamping block is a cone-shaped block that is narrow in front and wide in the back, and the strength of the hollow plastic tube of the film roll is not very high, so the clamping block can be separated from the hollow plastic tube by pulling the clamping plate handle outward with a little force. Moreover, since the clamping block can be removed from the inside of the clamping plate, the clamping block is a cone-shaped block that is narrow in front and wide in the back, which can meet the requirements of film rolls with different hollow plastic tube diameters within a certain range for disassembly and assembly. For film rolls of different lengths, the clamping block can be replaced as needed, or the clamping block and the clamping plate adopt a split structure, and a rotating shaft is screwed on the clamping plate, and the clamping block is fixed at the end of the rotating shaft. By rotating the relative position of the rotating shaft and the clamping plate, the requirements of film rolls of different lengths can be met within a certain range.

[0053] Afterwards, the film hanging rack 7 can be adjusted up and down by rotating the handle 40 to adjust the upper and lower heights of the degradation film to prevent the degradation film from touching the ground and insufficient space, and the surface of the film hanging rack 7 is semicircular, which can first flatten the mud field before film covering and transplanting operations, thereby improving the quality of film covering and punching and transplanting operations. The edge pressing mechanism is used to press the edge of the degradation film covered by the film pressing roller 34 into the soil to ensure that the film edge is well sealed and to prevent strong winds from blowing in and lifting the laid degradation film. The edge pressing wheel 44 adopts an inwardly convex structure, which can enable the edge pressing wheel 44 to have the function of pressing downward and stretching the degradation film to both sides, thereby increasing the lighting area of ​​the degradation film and facilitating the growth of the seedlings.

[0054] In practical application, firstly, a 1.8m wide degradable film is placed in the film hanging rack 7, and the plastic tube wrapped with the degradable film is clamped by the pressing blocks 6 on both sides. Before the machine goes to the field, a part of the degradable film is first pulled out and pulled between the clamping plate 22 and the film cutting knife 16, and the electric telescopic rod 19 is controlled to retract. At this time, the clamping plate 22 rotates toward the film cutting knife 16 and is closely attached to the film cutting knife 16 to clamp the degradable film, and then the seedlings are placed on the seedling box, and the film covering transplanter is driven to the field;

[0055] Turn on the hydraulic system of the rice transplanter and drop the rice seedling box. At this time, the splint 22 on the inner side of the film cutting knife 16 presses the starting part of the film into the mud, and then controls the electric telescopic rod 19 to extend. At this time, the splint 22 rotates in the direction of the rice transplanter body 1, so that the splint 22 no longer contacts the film cutting knife 16, and the film is no longer clamped. Since the hydraulic system is turned on, the entire rice planting platform will move downward until the film pressing roller 34 contacts the mud surface and is subjected to the upward force brought by the mud, causing the film pressing roller 34 to swing upward, and the L-shaped rod 37 also moves upward, and then the floating plate induction line pulls the switch of the hydraulic system to the stop state, and the rice planting platform stops moving. At this time, observe the distance between the planting mechanism and the ground to see if it is the appropriate planting depth. If not, the planting depth manual adjustment mechanism on the rice transplanter can be adjusted to accurately Prepare for film covering and transplanting. During transplanting, the transplanter moves forward at a stable speed, and the film pressing roller 34 floats up and down with the change of terrain height. If it encounters a lower terrain, the film pressing roller 34 swings downward, and at this time drives the L-shaped rod 37 to move downward, thereby pulling the sensitive line 38 outward, and then the sensitive line 38 pulls the switch of the hydraulic system to an upward state, and the transplanting platform is lifted up a little. If it encounters a higher terrain, the film pressing roller 34 swings upward, and at this time drives the L-shaped rod 37 to move upward, thereby pushing the sensitive line 38 inward, and then the sensitive line 38 drives the switch of the hydraulic system to a downward state, and the transplanting platform falls down a little, so that the transplanter always maintains a suitable transplanting depth, and the film pressing roller 34 floats up and down with the terrain, which also ensures the quality of the film covering operation;

[0056] When transplanting to the field, the pneumatic telescopic rod 11 is controlled to drop the film cutting knife 34 to cut the degradable film, and the electric telescopic rod 19 is controlled to retract so that the clamping plate 22 rotates toward the film cutting knife 34 and contacts the film cutting knife 34, thereby clamping the degradable film, and then the film pressing block 52 is placed downward through the wire pulling mechanism 53, so that the film pressing block 52 presses the degradable film roller in the film hanging frame, and then the hydraulic system is manually controlled to lift the seedling box upward to complete a film covering and transplanting work. At this time, the bottom of the film is clamped and will not contact the mud, and the film will not be dragged or damaged when the transplanter turns to the next plot of land;

[0057] When the rice transplanter arrives at the next working field, the hydraulic system of the rice transplanter is manually opened, the rice seedling box is dropped, the clamping plate 22 presses the bottom of the film into the mud, and the pulling wire mechanism 53 is pulled to make the film pressing block 52 rise and not contact the degradable film in the film hanging rack 7, and the above steps can be repeated to carry out the next round of work. The film cutting and the action of pressing the film into the mud of the machine can be completed by the machine, and manual operation is no longer required, which improves the degree of machine automation, reduces manpower and working time, and is suitable for field operations.

[0058] The machine was tested in the field many times. The test referred to NY / T1552-2007 "Technical Specifications for Quality Evaluation of Film Laying Machines" and "Technical Conditions for Rice Transplanters" to measure the qualified width of the lighting surface of the degradable film, the degree of mechanical damage to the lighting surface, the floating seedling rate, the one-time film breaking success rate and the one-time film clamping success rate. The test conditions are shown in Table 1.

[0059] Table 1

[0060]

[0061] 1. Qualified rate of lighting surface width;

[0062] On the plot to be measured, 5 measurement areas were taken at equal distances along the diagonal line, and the width of each measurement area was a square range of 1.6m*1.6m. Five points were randomly selected in each measurement area and the qualified rate of the daylighting surface width was calculated by substituting into the formula, as shown in Table 2 below. The daylighting surface width was measured, and the daylighting surface was qualified if it was within the range of (film width - 300mm) to (film width - 150mm);

[0063] The qualified rate of daylighting surface can be obtained according to the following formula:

[0064]

[0065] Where: S-lighting surface width qualified rate (%);

[0066] N1-Number of qualified points for the width of the lighting surface;

[0067] N2-Total number of measuring points for the width of the lighting surface.

[0068] Table 2

[0069]

[0070] According to the NY / T1552-2007 Technical Specifications for Quality Evaluation of Film Laying Machines, a qualified rate of lighting surface width ≥ 80% is considered qualified. This machine reached 92%, far exceeding the standard requirement.

[0071] 2. The degree of mechanical damage to the lighting surface;

[0072] On the plot to be measured, 5 measurement areas were taken at equal distances along the diagonal line, and the width of each measurement area was a square range of 1.6m*1.6m. Within the measurement area, the side length or seam length of each mechanically broken part on the lighting surface was measured, and the mechanical damage degree of the lighting surface was calculated by substituting it into the formula, as shown in Table 3 below;

[0073] The degree of mechanical damage of the lighting surface can be obtained according to the following formula (2):

[0074]

[0075] Where: - Mechanical damage degree of lighting surface (mm / m) 2；

[0076] l i -The side length or seam length of the i-th damaged part in the measurement area (mm);

[0077] L- length of measuring area (m);

[0078] b- Average width of the lighting surface in the measurement area (mm).

[0079] Table 3

[0080]

[0081] According to NY / T1552-2007 Technical Specification for Quality Evaluation of Film Laying Machines, the degree of mechanical damage to the lighting surface is ≤50mm / m -2 It is qualified, and the machine reaches 34.8mm / m -2， Far exceeds standard requirements.

[0082] 3. Floating seedling rate, determination method:

[0083] According to the five-point detection method, 5 points were selected as base points. Within the full transplanting range, a 1m-long measurement area was selected to investigate the percentage of floating seedlings in the total number of plants. The floating seedling rate was calculated by substituting it into the formula, as shown in Table 4 below;

[0084] The floating rate can be obtained according to the following formula (3):

[0085]

[0086] Where: S-floating rate (%);

[0087] M S -The number of floating rice seedlings in the measurement area (plants);

[0088] M Z -Total number of seedlings in the measurement area (plants).

[0089] Table 4

[0090]

[0091]

[0092] According to the Technical Requirements for Rice Transplanters, a floating rate of less than 3% is qualified. The floating rate of this machine is 2.66%, which fully complies with national standards.

[0093] IV: One-time membrane cutting success rate, determination method:

[0094] In order to ensure the film breaking effect under different mud conditions, 5 measurement areas were randomly selected, and each measurement area was measured 10 times continuously. The film was completely broken after the film cutting knife fell once, which was considered successful film breaking. The floating seedling rate was calculated by the formula, as shown in Table 5.

[0095] The average success rate of membrane breaking is calculated as follows:

[0096]

[0097] Where: X-the number of successful film cutting in each measuring area;

[0098] n-the number of survey areas, take n=5;

[0099] -Average film breakage (%).

[0100] Table 5

[0101]

[0102] Supplementary results: There is no standard specification for the success rate of one-time film cutting in the industry, but a 94% one-time film cutting rate can significantly improve the operating efficiency of the film-covering transplanter and reduce the labor intensity of farmers.

[0103] 5. One-time success rate of film clamping, determination method:

[0104] In order to ensure the clamping effect under different mud conditions, 5 measurement areas were randomly selected, and each measurement area was measured 10 times continuously. The film clamping width of the film clamped by the clamping plate and the film cutting knife exceeded 70% of the total film width, and the film was not in contact with the mud surface after lifting. The average film clamping success rate was calculated by substituting it into the formula, as shown in Table 6 below;

[0105] The average success rate of the flap was calculated as follows:

[0106]

[0107] Where: Y-the number of successful film clamping in each measuring area;

[0108] n-the number of survey areas, take n=5;

[0109] -Average dissection (%).

[0110] Table 6

[0111]

[0112] There is no standard specification for the one-time film clamping success rate in the industry, but a 92% one-time film clamping rate can significantly improve the operating efficiency of the film-covering transplanter and reduce the labor intensity of farmers.

[0113] Although this specification is described according to implementation modes, not every implementation mode includes only one independent technical solution. This description of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other implementation modes that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

[0114] Therefore, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the scope of implementation of the present application; that is, all equivalent changes made according to the scope of the claims of the present application are within the protection scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A film covering mechanism for a film covering rice transplanter capable of adaptively adjusting the transplanting depth, comprising a rice transplanter body (1), the rear of the rice transplanter body (1) being connected to a rice transplanter crossbeam (2) via a connecting mechanism, a film covering mechanism for covering the rice transplanter crossbeam (2) being installed below the rice transplanter crossbeam (2), characterized in that: The film hanging mechanism comprises a film hanging frame (7) with adjustable height from the ground, a film pressing mechanism is arranged behind the film hanging frame (7), and the film pressing mechanism comprises a film pressing roller (34) arranged in parallel with the film hanging frame (7), and a fixed beam (29) arranged in parallel is arranged below the transplanting box behind the transplanter cross beam (2), and a floating rod (31) is installed at the bottom of the fixed beam (29) through a mounting mechanism, and the floating rod (31) is connected to a bottom plate (33) through a film pressing roller bracket (32), and the front end of the bottom plate (33) is movably connected to the film pressing roller (34) through a connecting frame, and the middle part of the bottom plate (33) is connected to the hydraulic system switch of the hydraulic profiling system on the transplanter body (1) through a pull rope assembly.

2. The film covering mechanism of the film covering rice transplanter capable of adaptively adjusting the transplanting depth according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tops of both ends of the transplanter crossbeam (2) are symmetrically connected with square tubes (3), the bottoms of the square tubes (3) are provided with film hanging frame frames (4), the outer sides of the film hanging frame frames (4) are installed with clamping plates (5), the inner sides of the clamping plates (5) are fixedly connected with clamping blocks (6), the clamping blocks 6 are truncated cone-shaped with a narrow front and a wide rear, the outer sides of the clamping plates (5) are fixedly connected with clamping plate handles (55), the film hanging frames (7) are fixedly connected between the film hanging frame frames (4), and the height of the film hanging frame (7) is adjusted by an adjustment mechanism between the film hanging frame frame (4) and the square tube (3).

3. The film covering mechanism of the film covering rice transplanter capable of adaptively adjusting the transplanting depth according to claim 2, characterized in that: The adjusting mechanism comprises a screw (39), the screw (39) is threadedly connected in the square tube (3) via a screw sleeve, the top of the screw (39) is fixedly connected with a handle (40), the bottom of the screw (39) passes through the film hanging frame frame (4) and is threadedly connected to the screw sleeve installed in the film hanging frame frame (4), the screw sleeve is fixedly connected to the film hanging frame frame (4), the top of the film hanging frame frame (4) is symmetrically connected to a limiting plate (41), and the top of the limiting plate (41) passes through the square tube (3).

4. The film covering mechanism of the film covering rice transplanter capable of adaptively adjusting the transplanting depth according to claim 1, characterized in that: The film hanging frame (7) is a cylindrical structure with an opening and a semicircular cross-section. A film pressing block (52) is installed above the inner end of the film hanging frame (7). The top of the film pressing block (52) is connected to a pulling wire mechanism (53). The pulling wire mechanism (53) passes through the film hanging frame (7) and is fixedly connected to the rice transplanter body (1).

5. The film covering mechanism of the film covering rice transplanter capable of adaptively adjusting the transplanting depth according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mounting mechanism comprises a mounting plate (56), the floating rod (31) is provided with a mounting plate (56) for mounting at fixed intervals, a round hole is provided on the top of each mounting plate (56), a mounting rod (57) is fixedly connected to one side of the rice transplanting box, the mounting rod (57) matches the round hole on the mounting plate (56), and a limiting bolt is provided at the end of each mounting rod (57).

6. The film covering mechanism of the film covering rice transplanter capable of adaptively adjusting the transplanting depth according to claim 1, characterized in that: The floating rod (31) is connected to a plurality of film pressing roller brackets (32) arranged at intervals, the bottoms of the film pressing roller brackets (32) are respectively connected to mutually independent bottom plates (33) via movable shafts, the front ends of the bottom plates (33) are movably connected to film pressing rollers (34) via connecting frames, the connecting frames on the outer sides of adjacent film pressing rollers (34) are fixedly connected to each other, the middle sides of the bottom plates (33) are symmetrically connected to film pressing auxiliary rollers (35) via movable shafts, and a plurality of auxiliary springs are respectively installed between each bottom plate (33) and the cross beam (2) of the rice transplanter (36); The pull rope assembly includes an L-shaped rod (37) fixed to the upper end surface of the middle part of the bottom plate (33) and arranged vertically, a wire puller (38) is installed on the top of the L-shaped rod (37), and the wire puller (38) is connected to the hydraulic system switch of the hydraulic profiling system on the transplanter body (1) through a sensitive line, and a connecting block (50) is fixedly connected to the middle surface of the floating rod (31) and is staggered in space with the L-shaped rod (37), and the connecting block (50) is connected to the manual adjustment mechanism (58) for transplanting depth on the transplanter body (1).

7. The film covering mechanism of the film covering rice transplanter capable of adaptively adjusting the transplanting depth according to claim 1, characterized in that: The invention also comprises a film cutting mechanism located at the rear of the rice transplanter body (1), the film cutting mechanism comprising a film cutting knife (16), the two ends of the film cutting knife (16) are respectively mounted on the two ends of the rice transplanter cross beam (2) through a film cutting knife holder (14), the film cutting knife holder (14) is fixedly mounted inside a fixed sleeve (13), an arc plate 1 (12) is mounted inside the fixed sleeve (13), the arc plate 1 (12) is connected to the rice transplanter cross beam (2) through a pneumatic linkage assembly, the film cutting knife holder (14) is fixedly mounted inside a fixed sleeve (13), an arc plate 1 (12) is mounted inside the fixed sleeve (13), the arc plate 1 (12) is connected to the rice transplanter cross beam (2) through a pneumatic linkage assembly, The pneumatic linkage assembly comprises a fixing plate (8) fixedly connected to the top of the square tube (3); the top of the fixing plate (8) is fixedly connected to a support frame (9); one side of the support frame (9) is fixedly connected to an angle frame (10); one side of the angle frame (10) is connected to a pneumatic telescopic rod (11) via a movable shaft; an air compressor (51) is installed on the rice transplanter body (1); the air compressor (51) is connected to the pneumatic telescopic rod (11) via a plurality of air pipes.

8. The film covering mechanism of the film covering rice transplanter capable of adaptively adjusting the transplanting depth according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the film cutting knife holder (14) is connected to the film cutting knife (16) through a connecting plate (15), the top of the connecting plate (15) is fixedly connected to a connecting sleeve (17), the top of the fixing sleeve (13) is fixedly connected to an angle frame (18), one side of the angle frame (18) is connected to an electric telescopic rod (19), the output end of the electric telescopic rod (19) is connected to a push plate (20), one side of the push plate (20) is fixedly connected to a connecting sleeve (21), the bottom of the connecting sleeve (21) is fixedly connected to a clamping plate (22), the connecting sleeve (17) and the connecting sleeve (21) are fixedly connected to each other. ), a connecting shaft one (23) is provided between the fixing plate one (8), a limiting strip (24) is provided on the connecting shaft one (23), a connecting plate two (25) is fixedly connected to one side of the fixing plate one (8), a welding plate (26) is fixedly connected to one side of the connecting plate two (25), a connecting sleeve three (27) is fixedly connected to the top of the welding plate (26), a connecting shaft two (28) is fixedly connected to one side of the film cutting knife holder (14), and the connecting shaft two (28) is inserted into the connecting sleeve three (27), and the actions of the electric telescopic rod (19) and the air compressor (51) are respectively controlled by the controller (54) of the transplanter body (1).

9. The film covering mechanism of the film covering rice transplanter capable of adaptively adjusting the transplanting depth according to claim 1, characterized in that: The film pressing mechanism also includes a pressing mechanism, which includes pressing wheels (44) located on both sides of the film pressing mechanism, and the pressing wheels (44) are connected to the transplanter crossbeam (2) through a floating connection mechanism, and the floating connection mechanism includes a fixed plate 2 (42), the bottom of the fixed plate 2 (42) is connected to a rotating rod (43) through a telescopic mechanism, one end of the rotating rod (43) is connected to the pressing wheel (44), and the other end of the rotating rod (43) is connected to an arc plate 2 (45), and the top of the arc plate 2 (45) is connected to a U-shaped frame (46) through a movable shaft, and the U-shaped frame (46) is connected to the welding plate (26).

10. The film covering mechanism of the film covering rice transplanter capable of adaptively adjusting the transplanting depth according to claim 7, characterized in that: The telescopic mechanism comprises a movable rod (47), the bottom of which is connected to the rotating rod (43), the top of which passes through the second fixed plate (42) and is fixedly connected with a stopper (48), and a spring (49) is wound around the surface of the movable rod (47).

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