Alternate tending method for small panda baby and auxiliary glove used in method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of small panda feeding, in particular to an alternate tending method and auxiliary gloves for small panda cubs, and the method comprises the following steps: (1) human intervention before tending: respectively observing and evaluating female animals and cubs, and judging whether to alternately tend the cubs according to the health conditions and behavior characteristics of the female animals and / or the cubs; (2) feeding environment arrangement: controlling noise, temperature and humidity of the feeding environment, and providing a farrowing nest box in the feeding environment; and (3) tending by using an artificial mother or supplementary feeding of artificial milk. Compared with a traditional artificial feeding technical method, the method has the advantages that by establishing small panda feeding environment requirements, evaluating female animal behaviors, evaluating baby health and the like, baby taking and baby returning are greatly facilitated when a feeding technician needs the small pandas to alternately tend the baby, the operation difficulty is reduced, and the baby survival rate is effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of red panda breeding, in particular to a method for alternately raising red panda cubs and auxiliary gloves used therein. Background Art

[0002] The red panda belongs to the class Mammalia, order Carnivora, family Ailuridae. It is mainly distributed in the Himalayas and the mountains of southwestern China. Sichuan Province in China is the concentrated distribution area of ​​the red panda. The red panda has now specialized into an animal that mainly feeds on bamboo leaves. It was originally a monotypic species with two subspecies. The latest classification evidence shows that the two subspecies can be independently divided into two species, that is, the nominate subspecies is upgraded to the Himalayan red panda, and the sub-Sichuan subspecies is upgraded to the Chinese red panda. The Himalayan red panda is located in the western half of the red panda distribution area, including India, Nepal and Bhutan, as well as Tibet and Yunnan in China; while the Chinese red panda is located in the eastern part of the distribution area, mainly in Myanmar and Sichuan and Yunnan in China.

[0003] In recent years, with the interference of human activities, habitat fragmentation has seriously threatened the survival of red pandas. Red pandas have highly specialized diets, relatively long breeding cycles and high cub mortality rates. Once the population declines, it is difficult to recover. Under artificial breeding conditions, the natural mating rate and conception rate of red pandas are high, but the survival rate of cubs is low; currently, the low survival rate of cubs has become the main problem restricting the artificial breeding population of red pandas.

[0004] Red pandas usually give birth to 1-2 cubs per litter, occasionally 3, and up to 5. When giving birth to multiple cubs or mothers abandoning their cubs, human intervention is usually required to supplement milk artificially or choose a foster mother to raise them. To ensure that every red panda cub can eat breast milk, red panda mothers are usually chosen to take turns to raise their cubs under artificial feeding conditions. At this time, red panda breeding technicians are required to take one cub from the mother's nest and exchange it for another cub. However, most red panda mothers have strong ability to protect their cubs after giving birth. They will mistakenly think that people will hurt their cubs, and then attack the breeder, and may also accidentally injure the cubs. Therefore, in view of the current status of artificial breeding and management of red pandas, it is urgent to provide a reliable and safe method and auxiliary gloves for alternating raising of red panda cubs. Provide technical support for red panda breeding units, thereby improving the survival rate of red panda cubs and establishing a scientific, healthy and stable captive population of red pandas. Summary of the invention

[0005] Technical problems solved by the present invention:

[0006] The invention is used to solve the problem that in the existing red panda breeding process, red pandas are prone to abandoning their cubs, accidentally injuring their cubs, and injuring breeding technicians, thereby affecting the survival rate of the cubs.

[0007] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0008] The present invention provides a method for alternately raising red panda cubs and an auxiliary glove to solve the above-mentioned problems. It mainly involves a series of operation methods from the feeding environment, the assessment of the mother giving birth to the cub health assessment, etc., and the specific contents include:

[0009] (1) Human intervention before rearing: observe and evaluate the mother and cub separately, and decide whether to alternately raise the cubs based on the health status and behavioral characteristics of the mother and / or cub;

[0010] Specifically:

[0011] Observe and evaluate the mother animal, including: whether it is the first time for the mother to give birth; whether the mother abandons or harms the cub; whether the mother has physical health problems after giving birth; whether the mother has enough breast milk; whether the mother excessively helps the cub to clean its genitals; and whether the mother has a strong stress response.

[0012] The cubs are observed and evaluated, including: whether the cubs are born full-term; whether the cubs are single or multiple; whether the cubs have congenital developmental defects; whether the cubs have trauma; whether the appearance of the cubs' first feces is different from the appearance of normal feces; whether the cubs make continuous screams; whether the cubs are in normal spirits and vitality; whether the cubs' body temperature and heart rate are normal; and whether the cubs' lips are rosy.

[0013] In the process of taking and returning the cubs, in order to prevent injuries to personnel and cubs, the breeding technicians should use food or partitions to distract the mother animal's attention from the cubs or block the mother animal's sight. At the same time, the breeding technicians wear thickened leather long-arm gloves to prevent animals from scratching and biting when taking the cubs. In order to prevent the cubs from feeling uncomfortable or making noises, the breeding staff should handle them with care. When returning the cubs, while avoiding the mother animal's attention, the urine and feces of the mother animal should be smeared on the cub's body in advance to cover up other odors; after the cubs enter the nest box, when the mother animal actively licks the cubs or breastfeeds, it means that the mother animal has begun to accept the cubs; when the mother animal frequently carries the cubs or abandons the cubs, the breeding technicians should continue to observe the changes in the behavior of the mother animal and the cubs, and if necessary, take out the cubs and choose other foster mothers to raise them.

[0014] The gloves adopt ergonomic design and have excellent anti-puncture and anti-scratch properties, which can effectively prevent bites and scratches from small and medium-sized animals. They are made of high-density, high-performance synthetic leather and are sterilized. They have good air permeability and excellent wear resistance, good sensitivity and comfort, are about 40cm long and 12cm wide, and can cover the entire hand and forearm of the breeding technician. They are mainly composed of two parts. The hand part is made of high-density soft leather material, which can prevent animals from scratching and biting while also facilitating the palm to flexibly bend and stretch to grasp the cubs. The forearm part is made of high-density soft leather material with a thick padding layer, which can effectively prevent animals from scratching and biting for a long time.

[0015] (2) Rearing environment layout: Control the noise, temperature and humidity of the rearing environment, and provide a nesting box for birthing babies in the rearing environment; the noise level of the rearing environment should be controlled to be no higher than 60 dB, the temperature should be controlled at 18°C ​​to 25°C, and the relative humidity should be 50% to 70%.

[0016] (3) Using a foster mother or supplementing with artificial milk for care;

[0017] The selection criteria for foster mothers are: multiparous mothers who are close to giving birth, have a gentle temperament, have sufficient milk, and are in good health.

[0018] The artificial milk comprises newborn puppy milk, infant milk powder stage I and water, the total mass concentration of the newborn puppy milk and the infant milk powder is 7-20%; the feeding temperature is 36-38°C; the perineum of the puppies is wiped with a wet cotton ball before feeding; the daily feeding amount accounts for 17-25% of the puppies' body weight; the artificial milk comprises newborn puppy milk, infant milk powder stage I, water, and lactase or lactic acid bacteria agent.

[0019] Esbilac is used for newborn puppy milk and Ruiboen is used for infant milk powder stage I.

[0020] In the above, the feeding amount of artificial milk varies according to the different ages of the puppies. Specifically, from 1 to 7 days old, the total mass concentration of newborn puppy milk and infant milk powder is 7 to 15%;

[0021] From 7 to 21 days of age, the total mass concentration of newborn puppy milk and infant formula is 15-20%.

[0022] The technical mechanism and beneficial effects adopted by the present invention are as follows:

[0023] Compared with traditional artificial breeding techniques and methods, the present invention greatly facilitates breeding technicians to take and return red panda cubs when they need to take turns to raise red panda cubs by establishing methods such as red panda breeding environment requirements, mother behavior assessment and cub health assessment, thereby reducing the difficulty of operation. At the same time, combined with auxiliary protective gloves, the safety of personnel and cubs is ensured, and the survival rate of cubs is effectively improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the auxiliary gloves (anti-scratch and bite gloves) provided in the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below. If the specific conditions are not specified in the embodiments, they are carried out according to conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. If the manufacturer of the reagents or instruments used is not specified, they are all conventional products that can be purchased commercially.

[0026] Example

[0027] The female animal is a first-time mother and has an independent farrowing house (delivery room). The noise level is 55dB for a long time, with an occasional maximum of 62dB. The temperature is maintained at 22°C and the relative humidity is 67%.

[0028] There are two birthing boxes in the corner of the house. Before giving birth, the mother fasted and moved around frequently. Four hours later, she began to lick her vagina frequently and then gave birth to a single cub. At this time, the mother began to clean the bleating water on herself and the cub. The cub made a slight cry and began to crawl. One hour later, the mother walked out of the birthing nest and entered another nest to clean her hair. Through infrared monitoring video, it was found that the cub cried and crawled frequently two hours after the mother walked out of the birthing nest, and the mother walked back and forth between the other nest and the house. She did not return to the birthing nest to take care of the cub.

[0029] Subsequently, the breeding technician took the cub out of the nest three hours after it was born and placed it in an incubator (constant incubator). The cub had no external injuries on its body and was in good spirits and vitality. Its body temperature was slightly lower than normal at first, but returned to normal after half an hour. It weighed 136g (within the normal range).

[0030] After comprehensive evaluation, the breeding technician supplemented the cub with 2.5 ml of artificial milk and selected a foster mother to take care of the cub. A female animal with two littering experiences, a gentle temperament, a close littering period (3 days of age difference), a healthy body, and a single litter was selected as the foster mother.

[0031] During the process of returning the cubs, the breeding technicians smeared the urine and feces of the foster mother on the cubs in advance to cover up other odors; to prevent injuries to personnel and cubs, the breeding technicians used food and partitions to distract the mother's attention from the cubs and block the mother's sight, and successfully lured the mother out of the nest box with food; then the breeding technicians wore thickened leather long-arm gloves to prevent animals from scratching and biting to take the cubs and put them next to another cub in the nest box. After the mother finished eating the food, she returned to the nest box and actively licked the hair of the two cubs. The cubs began to crawl under the mother's abdomen to look for breast milk, which indicated that the mother had begun to accept the cubs; but it was still necessary to continue to observe the mother's behavior of raising the cubs and the vitality of the cubs.

[0032] Through continuous observation through video surveillance, it was found that the cub actively sought the mother to feed twice within 24 hours, and the mother actively licked the cub four times and fed once. The breeding technician took the cub out of the nest box and observed that the cub's feces was light yellow (milk feces) and its weight was 8g less than its birth weight (because the newborn cub's body will lose water). This shows that the mother has fully accepted the cub, and the cub has actively eaten the foster mother's milk and is growing and developing normally. In the following week, the breeding technician used methods such as weighing the cub's weight, observing the cub's spirit, activity and feces color, to continuously monitor and evaluate the cub's growth and development. The cub's growth and development showed a positive growth trend. The weight of the cub continues to increase with age. See Table 1 below for details.

[0033] Table 1

[0034] Age 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 15 30 60 120 150 Weight / g 136 128 122 132 145 160 177 278 503 960 2715 3345

[0035] The gloves (such as Figure 1 (as shown) adopts ergonomic design, excellent anti-puncture and anti-scratch performance, can effectively prevent bites and scratches from small and medium-sized animals, etc. It is made of high-density, high-performance synthetic leather, sterilized, breathable, excellent wear resistance, good sensitivity and comfort, about 40cm long and 12cm wide; it can cover the entire hand and forearm of the breeding technician; it is mainly composed of two parts, the hand part is made of high-density soft leather material, while preventing animals from scratching and biting, it also facilitates the palm to flexibly bend and stretch to grasp the cubs; the forearm part is a high-density soft leather material with a thick padding layer, which can effectively prevent animals from scratching and biting for a long time.

[0036] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for alternately raising red panda cubs, characterized in that: The steps include: (1) Human intervention before rearing: observe and evaluate the mother and cub separately, and decide whether to alternately rear the cubs based on the health status and / or behavioral characteristics of the mother and / or cub; (2) Rearing environment layout: Control the noise, temperature and humidity of the rearing environment, and provide a nesting box for farrowing; (3) Choose a foster mother or feed the child with artificial milk.

2. The method for alternately raising red panda cubs according to claim 1, characterized in that: (1), the female animal is observed to include at least one of the characteristics (A-1) to (A-6): (A-1) Whether the female animal is giving birth for the first time; (A-2) Whether the mother animal abandons or harms her cubs; (A-3) Whether the dam has health problems after giving birth; (A-4) Whether the mother animal has enough breast milk; (A-5) Does the mother excessively help her cubs clean their genitals? (A-6) Whether the mother has a stronger stress response.

3. The method for alternately raising red panda cubs according to claim 1, characterized in that: (1) includes at least one of features (B-1) to (B-9): (B-1) Whether the cub was born at full term; (B-2) The litters are single or multiple; (B-3) Whether the offspring has congenital developmental defects; (B-4) Whether the cub has any trauma; (B-5) Whether the appearance of the pup's first feces differs from the appearance of normal feces; (B-6) Whether the pup makes a continuous scream; (B-7) Whether the puppies are in good spirits and have normal vitality; (B-8) Whether the pup's body temperature and heart rate are normal; (B-9) Is the cub's lips rosy? 4. The method for alternately raising red panda cubs according to claim 1, characterized in that: In (1), the process of alternating rearing involves taking and returning the offspring, and the method of taking and returning the offspring is: Use food or partitions to distract the mother's attention from the cubs, and use auxiliary gloves to pick up the cubs; at the same time, to prevent the cubs from feeling uncomfortable or making noises, the keepers should handle them with care; when changing cubs, it is necessary to avoid the mother's attention and smear the mother's urine and feces on the cub's body surface. After the cubs enter the nest box, when the mother actively licks the cubs or breastfeeds, it means that the mother has begun to accept the cubs; when the mother frequently carries the cubs around or abandons them, the breeding technicians should continue to observe the behavioral changes of the mother and the cubs, and if necessary, take out the cubs and choose other foster mothers to raise them.

5. The method for alternately raising red panda cubs according to claim 1, characterized in that: (2) In the breeding environment, the noise level should be controlled to be no higher than 60dB, the temperature should be controlled at 18℃~25℃, and the relative humidity should be 50%~70%.

6. The method for alternately raising red panda cubs according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The selection criteria for foster mothers are: multiparous mothers who are close to giving birth, have a gentle temperament, have sufficient milk, and are in good health.

7. The method for alternately raising red panda cubs according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: (3), the artificial milk supplement includes at least one of the features (C-1) to (C-5): (C-1) Artificial milk includes newborn puppy milk, infant milk powder stage I and water, wherein the total mass concentration of the newborn puppy milk and the infant milk powder is 7-20%; the newborn puppy milk is Esbilac, and the infant milk powder stage I is Rebone; (C-2) Feeding temperature is 36-38°C; (C-3) Use a wet cotton ball to clean the perineum of the pup before feeding; (C-4) The daily feeding amount is 17-25% of the pup's body weight; (C-5) Artificial milk includes newborn puppy milk, infant milk powder stage I, water, and lactase or lactic acid bacteria agent.

8. The method for alternately raising red panda cubs according to claim 7, characterized in that: Feature (C-1) includes at least one of features (C-1-1) to (C-1-2): (C-1-1) 1 to 7 days old, the total mass concentration of newborn puppy milk and infant formula is 7 to 15%; (C-1-2) For newborn puppies aged 7 to 21 days, the total mass concentration of newborn puppy milk and infant formula is 15 to 20%.

9. An auxiliary glove for use in taking or replacing panda cubs in the method for alternately raising red pandas as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The utility model comprises a glove for accommodating a palm and fingers, and a sleeve body connected with the glove, wherein the sleeve body accommodates an upper limb forearm; the sleeve body is composed of two separate sheets fastened by buttons.

10. The auxiliary glove according to claim 9, characterized in that: The auxiliary glove is made of synthetic leather, and the inner leather surface of the sleeve body is provided with a thickened cushion layer.

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