Combination medicine for preventing and treating peanut southern blight and comprehensive prevention and treatment method

Abstract

The invention discloses a combined medicine for preventing and treating peanut southern blight. The combined medicine is prepared by compounding verticillium dahliae activator protein and pythium oligandrum, by adopting the combination of two medicaments, namely verticillium dahliae activator protein and pythium oligandrum, seed dressing and twice medicament spraying and root irrigation are carried out during sowing, so that the problem of prevention and treatment of the peanut southern blight is solved, and a relatively good prevention and treatment effect is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of plant disease prevention and control, and more particularly to a combined drug for preventing and controlling white rot of peanut and an integrated prevention and control method. Background Art

[0002] White rot of peanut is an important soil-borne fungal disease caused by infection with Sclerotium solani. Peanuts can be infected by the pathogen at all growth stages, mainly harming the stems, fruit stalks, pods and roots of the plants. The disease is common in major peanut producing countries such as the United States and India. White rot occurs in most peanut production areas in China. Due to factors such as long-term continuous cropping, waterlogging in the fields, large-scale promotion of non-disease-resistant varieties and changes in climatic conditions, the harm caused by the disease has become more and more serious year by year. It has become one of the important diseases of peanuts and an important factor restricting the safe production of peanuts.

[0003] In recent years, the incidence of this disease in peanut production areas has become more and more serious year by year. The incidence rate in serious plots has exceeded 60%, and even caused peanut to be completely eliminated, becoming an important disease restricting the safe production of peanuts. Due to years of continuous peanut cropping and lack of disease-resistant varieties, the disease has a tendency to become more serious year by year. At present, the prevention and control of this disease is mainly carried out through chemical agents, and there are relatively few varieties of agents registered for the prevention and control of this disease, which are currently limited to a few varieties such as thiophanate-methyl and fludioxonil. In addition, the above-mentioned agents have the disadvantages of short effective period, shortened efficacy time due to factors such as rainfall and watering, and unclear prevention and control effect, which brings difficulties to the prevention and control of this disease. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides a combination drug and an integrated control method for preventing and controlling white rot of peanut, aiming to solve the technical problems such as the disadvantages of the above-mentioned chemical control.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A combined drug for preventing and controlling white rot of peanut, which is prepared by compounding Verticillium dahliae activation protein and Pythium oligandrum.

[0006] Preferably, the Verticillium dahliae activating protein is 0.4% Verticillium dahliae activating protein powder; and the Pythium oligandrum is a Pythium oligandrum wettable powder with 1 million spores / g.

[0007] Preferably, the mass ratio of the Verticillium dahliae activation protein to the Pythium oligandrum is 10-20:50-100.

[0008] The invention provides application of a combined medicine in preventing and treating peanut white rot.

[0009] The invention provides a peanut seed dressing agent, comprising the above-mentioned combined medicine.

[0010] Preferably, the seed dressing also includes acceptable micro-fertilizers, film-forming agents, antifreeze agents, substrate wetting agents or other adjuvants.

[0011] Preferably, the other auxiliary agents are one or more of solvents, emulsifiers, dispersants, thickeners, and defoamers.

[0012] The invention provides a method for preparing a peanut seed dressing agent, comprising the following steps: mixing Verticillium dahliae activation protein, Pythium oligandrum, micro-fertilizer, adjuvant and water, pre-dispersing the mixture with a high-shear mixer emulsifier, pouring the mixture into a sand mill, connecting condensed water, starting the sand mill, grinding for 2 to 6 hours, and filtering to obtain seed dressing agents of different dosage forms.

[0013] The invention provides an application of a peanut seed dressing agent. The agent is mixed with peanut seeds, stirred evenly, and then dried in a cool and ventilated place before sowing. Depending on the specific situation, an appropriate amount of clean water can be added during seed dressing.

[0014] A comprehensive control method for peanut white rot, comprising the following steps: dressing peanut seeds before sowing, and then spraying the peanuts with pesticides in the field during the initial flowering period, so as to achieve comprehensive control of peanut white rot; wherein the pesticide used for peanut seed dressing is the above-mentioned peanut seed dressing pesticide; and the pesticide used for field spraying during the initial flowering period of peanuts is the above-mentioned combined drug.

[0015] Preferably, the dosage of the peanut seed dressing agent is 60-120 g of the combined drug per 100 kg of peanut seeds, wherein the mass ratio of the Verticillium dahliae activation protein to the Pythium oligandrum is 1-2:5-10.

[0016] Preferably, the dosage of the agent used for field spraying of peanuts in the early flowering period is 40-60 g of the combined drug per 667 m2 of peanuts, wherein the mass ratio of the Verticillium dahliae activation protein to the Pythium oligandrum is 1:3-5.

[0017] It can be seen from the above technical solutions that, compared with the prior art, the present invention discloses a combination drug and a comprehensive control method for preventing and controlling white rot of peanut, which has the following beneficial effects: The invention solves the problem of preventing and controlling white rot of peanut by adopting a combination of two agents, Verticillium dahliae activation protein and Pythium oligandrum, and by using the agents for seed coating and root spraying at the early flowering stage during sowing, and achieves a better prevention and control effect.

[0018] The invention adopts 0.4% Verticillium dahliae activation protein and Pythium oligandrum in a certain proportion, solves the problem of relying on chemical agents for disease control, and provides a new way for reducing pesticide dosage and controlling pests.

[0019] The present invention solves the problem of short effective period of chemical control. The disease is controlled twice by chemical control (seed mixing at sowing stage + spraying at early flowering stage), which can better control the occurrence and spread of the disease at harvest time and improve the control effect of chemical control to more than 85%. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The following will be combined with the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] In the research on the prevention and control of white rot of peanut, the present invention found that the activating protein of Verticillium dahliae and Pythium oligandrum have the effect of resisting the infection of the disease. Based on this, the present invention uses the combination of the activating protein of Verticillium dahliae and Pythium oligandrum for seed dressing, and sprays the field with pesticides in the early flowering period of peanuts. The number of field pesticide spraying is twice, with an interval of one week, and a comprehensive prevention and control method for white rot of peanut is explored; on this basis, the following technical scheme is proposed: The embodiment of the invention discloses a combined drug for preventing and treating white rot of peanut, which is prepared by compounding Verticillium dahliae activation protein and Pythium oligandrum.

[0022] In order to further optimize the above technical scheme, the Verticillium dahliae activation protein is 0.4% Verticillium dahliae activation protein powder; and the Pythium oligandrum is a Pythium oligandrum wettable powder with 1 million spores / g.

[0023] Agent components: 0.4% Verticillium dahliae activated protein powder was developed by China Agricultural University, and the oligandrum pythium was a 1 million spores / g pythium pythium wettable powder produced by Zhongjie Sifang Company.

[0024] 0.4% Verticillium dahliae activating protein is a plant activating protein extracted from Verticillium dahliae. It has the function of improving crop resistance and resisting disease infection.

[0025] Pythium oligandrum is a fungal agent that defends against fungal diseases by occupying plant sites and has no side effects on plants.

[0026] The two preparations are compounded in a certain ratio. While improving the resistance of crops to disease infection, they also form a barrier to prevent and control disease infection together with Oligandrum, which is beneficial to protect crops from disease invasion.

[0027] In order to further optimize the above technical scheme, the mass ratio of Verticillium dahliae activation protein and Pythium oligandrum is 10~20:50~100.

[0028] The invention provides application of a combined medicine in preventing and treating peanut white rot.

[0029] The invention provides a peanut seed dressing agent, comprising the above-mentioned combined medicine.

[0030] Among them, the peanut seed dressing agent also includes acceptable micro-fertilizers, film-forming agents, antifreeze agents, substrate wetting agents or other adjuvants for seed dressing.

[0031] In order to further optimize the above technical solution, other auxiliary agents are one or more of solvents, emulsifiers, dispersants, thickeners, and defoaming agents.

[0032] The invention provides a preparation method of a peanut seed dressing agent, comprising the following steps: mixing Verticillium dahliae activation protein, Pythium oligandrum, micro-fertilizer, adjuvant and water, pre-dispersing the mixture with a high-shear mixer emulsifier, pouring the mixture into a sand mill, connecting condensed water, starting the sand mill, grinding for 3 hours, and filtering to obtain seed dressing agents of different dosage forms.

[0033] The dosage form of the seed dressing agent can be an aqueous emulsion, a suspension, an emulsifiable concentrate or a microemulsion.

[0034] The invention provides an application of a peanut seed dressing agent. The agent is mixed with peanut seeds, stirred evenly, and then dried in a cool and ventilated place before sowing. Depending on the specific situation, an appropriate amount of clean water can be added during seed dressing.

[0035] A comprehensive control method for peanut white rot, comprising the following steps: dressing peanut seeds before sowing, and then spraying the peanuts with pesticides in the field during the initial flowering period, so as to achieve comprehensive control of peanut white rot; wherein the pesticide used for peanut seed dressing is the above-mentioned peanut seed dressing pesticide; and the pesticide used for field spraying during the initial flowering period of peanuts is a combination drug.

[0036] In order to further optimize the above technical scheme, the dosage of the peanut seed dressing agent is 60~120g of the combined drug for every 100kg of peanut seeds, among which the mass ratio of Verticillium dahliae activation protein to Pythium oligandrum is 1~2:5~10.

[0037] In order to further optimize the above technical scheme, the dosage of the pesticide used for field spraying of peanuts in the early flowering period is 40~60g of combined drugs per 667㎡ of peanuts, among which the mass ratio of Verticillium dahliae activation protein to Pythium oligandrum is 1:3~5.

[0038] Experimental example Field trial arrangements The experiment was carried out in a spring peanut field in Litao Village, Xiangcheng Town, Zoucheng City, Shandong Province (35.34 N, 117.12 E). The field was flat, the soil fertility was uniform, and the irrigation conditions were good. 50 kg of compound fertilizer with N:P:K=18:20:9 was applied per mu as base fertilizer, the sowing amount was 12.5 kg / 667 m2, the row spacing was 18 cm, and the sowing depth was 5 cm.

[0039] Seed dressing and field spraying during early flowering Before sowing, the test agent was measured according to the dosage in Table 1, mixed with peanuts, and seed-dressed; the seeds after seed dressing were dried in a cool and ventilated place for sowing; the test agent was measured according to the dosage in Table 2, and the field agent was sprayed at the early flowering stage. A total of 6 groups were designed for the experiment, each group was repeated 3 times, and each plot was 50m 2 ; The blank control group consisted of no seed dressing and field pesticide spraying.

[0040] Table 1 Group Seed dressing agent Dosage / 100Kg 1 Fludioxonil, Clothianidin, Thiofur 500ml 2 0.4% Verticillium dahliae activation protein 20g 3 Pythium oligandrum 100g 4 0.4% Verticillium dahliae activation protein + Pythium oligandrum 10+50g 5 0.4% Verticillium dahliae activation protein + Pythium oligandrum 20+100g 6 Blank control group Table 2 Group Spraying during the early flowering period Dose / 667m2 1 Fludioxonil, Clothianidin, Thiofur 30ml (240g / L Thiofuramide) 2 0.4% Verticillium dahliae activation protein 10g 3 Pythium oligandrum 50g 4 0.4% Verticillium dahliae activation protein + Pythium oligandrum 10+30g 5 0.4% Verticillium dahliae activation protein + Pythium oligandrum 10+50g 6 Blank control group During the harvest period, the control effect survey was conducted. Samples were taken at 5 diagonal points in each plot, 10 plants were taken at each point, and each treatment was repeated 3 times, with a total of 150 plants in each treatment. The samples were taken back to the laboratory, the results were recorded, and the conclusions were drawn. The test data are shown in Table 3: Table 3 Group Disease prevention effect Field control effect 1 15.75±1.51c 61.77±3.56b 2 33.25±2.87b 20.08±2.35c 3 16.75±3.50c 60.26±7.76b 4 6.00±1.21d 85.89±1.97a 5 5.25±0.73d 87.53±0.97a 6 40.75±2.97a The control effect of the present invention is obviously better than that of chemical agents. From the tested agents, the above-mentioned combination of agents is obviously better than the treatments of thiophanate-methyl and fludioxonil, with an efficacy of more than 25%, and has no adverse effects on plants and the environment.

[0041] In this specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the embodiments can be referred to each other. For the device disclosed in the embodiment, since it corresponds to the method disclosed in the embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and the relevant parts can be referred to the method part.

[0042] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables one skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to one skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but rather to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A combination drug for preventing and treating peanut white rot, characterized in that: It is a compound of the activation protein of Verticillium dahliae and Pythium oligandrum.

2. A combination drug for preventing and treating peanut white rot according to claim 1, characterized in that: The Verticillium dahliae activation protein is 0.4% Verticillium dahliae activation protein powder; the Pythium oligandrum is a Pythium oligandrum wettable powder with 1 million spores / gram.

3. A combination drug for preventing and treating peanut white rot according to claim 2, characterized in that: The mass ratio of the Verticillium dahliae activation protein to the Pythium oligandrum is 10-20:50-100.

4. Use of the combined drug according to any one of claims 1 to 3 in preventing and treating peanut white rot.

5. A peanut seed dressing agent, characterized in that: The invention comprises the combined drug according to any one of claims 1 to 3.

6. A peanut seed dressing agent according to claim 5, characterized in that: It also includes micro-fertilizers, film-forming agents, antifreeze agents, substrate wetting agents or other adjuvants acceptable for seed dressing.

7. A peanut seed dressing agent according to claim 6, characterized in that: Other additives include one or more of solvents, emulsifiers, dispersants, thickeners, and defoamers.

8. A comprehensive control method for peanut white rot, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: dressing peanut seeds before sowing, and then spraying the peanuts with pesticides in the field during the initial flowering period, so as to achieve comprehensive prevention and control of peanut white rot; wherein the pesticide used for peanut seed dressing is the peanut seed dressing pesticide described in any one of claims 5 to 7, and the pesticide used for field spraying during the initial flowering period of peanuts is the combination drug described in any one of claims 1 to 3.

9. The integrated control method for peanut white rot according to claim 8, characterized in that: The dosage of the peanut seed dressing agent is 60-120 g of the combined drug per 100 kg of peanut seeds, wherein the mass ratio of the Verticillium dahliae activation protein to the Pythium oligandrum is 1-2:5-10.

10. The integrated control method for peanut white rot according to claim 8, characterized in that: The dosage of the agent used for field spraying of peanuts in the early flowering period is 40-60 g of the combined drug per 667 m2 of peanuts, wherein the mass ratio of the Verticillium dahliae activation protein to the Pythium oligandrum is 1:3-5.