Combination and disassembly vehicle and high platform and support for assisting combination and disassembly

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of traffic transportation equipment, in particular to a combination-disassembly vehicle for converting a highway into a railway, and a high platform and a bracket for assisting combination-disassembly. Revolution iron is called when road transportation is converted into railway transportation. The side ridge vehicle is a steel wheel motor vehicle running on a rail, and revolution iron comprises three types: 1, the vehicle can run on the rail after the steel wheels of the side ridge vehicle run on the road, namely, an amphibious vehicle which is suitable for middle and long-distance transportation, and a high-grade car runs on the rail after the steel wheels of the high-grade car are replaced, so that the side ridge vehicle does not get carsickness; and f1, the racing car has an example of quickly replacing wheels. 2, the automobile is driven to the chassis of the side ridge vehicle, the power supply of the chassis of the side ridge vehicle is provided by the automobile, an automobile driver sits on the automobile and drives the chassis of the side ridge vehicle to run on the rail, and the shared side ridge vehicle is similar to a shared bicycle of a bicycle and is called the shared side ridge vehicle; and 3, the vehicle is driven to the side ridge vehicle, and the side ridge vehicle carries the vehicle to run, namely a vehicle-mounted vehicle.

Description

Technical field:

[0001] The invention relates to the field of transportation equipment, and in particular to a road-to-rail combined-disassembled vehicle for passenger and freight transportation, which can be switched between railroad and highway, and a platform and a bracket for assisting the combined-disassembled vehicle. Background technology:

[0002] Traditional railways, trains, and subways have many shortcomings. They cannot turn small radius curves, that is, they cannot turn blind turns; they cannot be laid on roads. For example, the inner side of the track laid by trams on the road must have two grooves. Once the bicycle wheels fall into the grooves, they will definitely fall. When the grooves are filled with garbage, the wheels are easy to derail; traditional trains cannot run on flat, ridgeless, and grooveless tracks; traditional trains are only suitable for medium and long-distance, large-volume cargo transportation, but they are powerless for small-volume, short-distance cargo transportation. Traditional trains cannot achieve door-to-door transportation. In order to solve the above shortcomings of traditional railways, I applied for two patents in 2021 and 2023 respectively.

[0003] The background technology of this invention is the two patent applications I applied for before. The following is an introduction to these two patent applications: I applied for the first invention patent on June 21, 2021. The name is: A railroad capable of realizing door-to-door transportation and a steel-wheeled motor vehicle traveling on the road. The application number is 202110682397.7. This first patent application proposed the use of a single track (i.e., the left track) to control the steering of the vehicle. This track is called a side-ridge road, and a steel-wheeled motor vehicle traveling on the side-ridge road is called a side-ridge vehicle. The side-ridge road is composed of two left and right tracks. There is an upwardly protruding ridge in the middle of the upper surface of the left track called a side-ridge. The upper surface of the right track is flat, and there is no upwardly protruding side-ridge. The side ridge vehicle is: the outer surface of its right wheel rim is flat, and the middle part of its left wheel rim has an inward depression, the depth of which is greater than the height of the side ridge; when the side ridge vehicle is driving on the side ridge road, its left wheel is on the left track, and the depression of the left wheel just covers the side ridge of the left track, Figure 2 . Traditional railways use two left and right rails to control the steering of the train, which we call double-track controlled steering; and the side ridge road in this first patent application is a single track (left track) to control the steering of the side ridge car. I applied for a second invention patent on January 18, 2023, and the name is: Side ridge car and the side ridge road it travels on, and the application number is 202310049291.2. This second patent application is to modify the steering system of the side ridge car described in the first patent into a steering system similar to the steering knuckle and steering trapezoid of a car. When the side ridge car adopts the steering system of a car, it can turn small radius curves like a car, see Figure 3-13For the two patent applications mentioned above, you can find the full contents of the specifications on the website of the State Intellectual Property Office by entering the invention name or application number.

[0004] For the sake of convenience, the patent application filed on June 21, 2021 is called the first patent application, or the first background technology; the patent application filed on January 18, 2023 is called the second patent application, or the second background technology; the patent application filed in September 2024 is called the third patent application. Figure 1 and Figure 2 The first patent application is described in detail in the paragraphs of the specification with reference to the drawings. Figures 3 to 13 The second patent application is described in detail in the paragraphs of the specification with reference to the drawings. Figures 7 to 16 The third patent application is described in detail in the following paragraphs in conjunction with the figures. Figure 7-Figure 13 It can be used in both the second and third patent applications.

[0005] The first patent application has two new technologies. The first is that it changes the edge of the traditional train from the left and right sides to the edge on one side (i.e. the left side), that is, the double-track control steering is changed to a single-track control steering, which enables the rail car to use the steering knuckle, steering trapezoid and other steering systems of the car, thus providing conditions for turning small curve radius. The second is to change the edge of the traditional train from under the tread to above the tread, which changes the groove under the track into a ridge on the track, called a side ridge, which has less obstruction to traffic.

[0006] The benefit of the second patent application: Cars can turn small radius curves, that is, they can turn a tight corner. In order to make trains able to turn a tight corner like cars, can we let trains adopt steering systems such as car steering knuckles and steering trapezoids? The answer is no. The reason is that traditional railways use double tracks to control the steering of trains. The distance between the left and right rails of the railway is constant at the bend. Traditional trains use steering systems such as wheelsets and bogies. The wheelbase between the left and right wheels of the wheelsets is constant when turning, so the wheelsets and bogies of traditional trains are adapted to traditional railways. If traditional trains use steering systems such as car steering knuckles and steering trapezoids, the wheelbase between the left and right wheels will become narrower when turning, and the distance between the left and right rails of traditional railways does not become narrower accordingly, then the wheels will derail. The above two inventions can solve the disadvantage that traditional trains cannot make a tight turn. The reason is that the side ridge road is a single track (the left track) to control the steering of the side ridge car. After the side ridge car adopts the steering knuckle and steering trapezoid of the car, its wheelbase will become narrower when turning. Because the upper surface of the right track of the side ridge road is flat and has a certain width, it will not derail even if the wheelbase becomes narrower. Figure 2In summary, the side ridge car and side ridge road of the present invention solve the century-old problem of trains being unable to turn a tight corner, which has a history of 200 years. This is a subversive invention, which shows that in the field of rail transportation, single-track controlled steering is an epoch-making technological advancement. Compared with cars, the side ridge road and side ridge car of the present invention can significantly reduce freight and logistics costs.

[0007] The third patent application, which is also the invention application, includes three items: the first item is the interchange between rubber wheels and steel wheels, also known as rail and road amphibious vehicles. The second item is a shared side ridge vehicle. The third item is a vehicle-mounted vehicle. The introduction of amphibious vehicles is as follows: Road-to-rail to reduce logistics costs and reduce pollution emissions from fuel vehicles are important issues in transportation. "Road-to-rail" and "road-rail combined transport" are one of the methods and means. The present invention is to solve the problem of combined transport of roads and railways (i.e. road-to-rail). There are many methods for combined transport of roads and railways. The method adopted by the present invention is: when the side ridge vehicle wants to travel on the side ridge road, the steel wheel of the side ridge vehicle is used; when the side ridge vehicle wants to travel on the road, the steel wheel is removed and replaced with a rubber wheel. There is an example of successful wheel replacement in F1 racing cars, and it is fast and good, which we can learn from. The ownership of the steel wheel belongs to the leasing company, and the replaced steel wheel is kept by the leasing company; the ownership of the rubber wheel belongs to the car owner, and the replaced rubber wheel is hung on the car and kept by the car owner. The interchange between rubber wheels and steel wheels is most suitable for medium and long-distance transportation. Vigorously building side-ridge roads and manufacturing side-ridge vehicles can make the economy active, especially the construction industry, steel, cement, sand and gravel, engineering machinery, machinery manufacturing, etc. can all prosper; in the long run, it reduces transportation costs, achieves the goal of "road to rail", and reduces the proportion of high-energy consumption and high-emission road transportation. This amphibious vehicle with interchangeable steel wheels and rubber wheels is not only suitable for commercial vehicles and trucks, but also for passenger cars. For example, for cars, rubber wheels are used when driving short distances, and steel wheels can be replaced when driving medium and long distances. The more advanced and fashionable the car is, the easier it is to get carsick when driving long distances. When driving on medium and long distance sections, we can choose to drive on steel wheels on the track, which is energy-saving and does not cause carsickness; when driving on short distance sections, we switch to rubber wheels and drive on the road. For passenger cars, especially cars, adding this wheel-changing function will give passengers who get carsick and want to save energy an additional choice, increase the comfort of the journey, and improve the fashion of the car. This kind of car can be called "energy-saving car that does not cause motion sickness" or "healthy, comfortable and green car". In summary, amphibious vehicles have expanded the scope of application of traditional rail vehicles. They are suitable for commercial trucks and passenger buses; they are suitable for ordinary buses and fashionable cars, especially the most suitable for fashionable, healthy and green cars that do not cause motion sickness.

[0008] From the perspective of steering principle Figure 1 and Figure 2 The difference between: Figure 1This is a diagram of the steering principle of a tram, which represents the steering principle of traditional trains, subways and trams when they are laid on the road; Figure 2 It is the steering principle diagram of the side ridge vehicle of the present invention. The first difference is: Figure 1 The wheel flange and rail flange on the axle are distributed on both sides, which is called left and right double-sided track control steering, or double-sided track control steering for short; Figure 2 The wheel flange and rail flange on the axle are both located on the left side, which is called single-side track-controlled steering. The advantage of single-side track-controlled steering is that it can use the steering knuckle, steering trapezoid and other steering systems of the car, so that it can turn a curve with a small radius, that is, the turning radius of the vehicle can be much smaller. The minimum turning radius of traditional trains, subways and trams is much larger. The second difference is: Figure 1 The wheel flange on the road is below the wheel tread, and the rail flange is below the rail tread; that is to say, if this kind of road is paved on a highway, the wheel flange and the rail flange must be below the highway surface, so a groove must be left under the highway surface. This groove is more harmful, as shown in the figure. Figure 1 .and Figure 2 The wheel flange is above the wheel tread, and the rail flange is above the rail tread; that is, the wheel flange and the rail flange must be above the road surface, so a ridge that protrudes upward must be left above the road surface, called a side ridge; the negative impact of this side ridge on driving is much smaller than the negative impact of the ditch. In summary, Figure 1 and Figure 2 There are two major differences: Figure 1 It is a double-side track-controlled steering. Figure 2 It is a single-side track-controlled steering, which is better than double-side track-controlled steering; Figure 1 The edge is under the tread. If this kind of road is laid on a highway, a ditch must be left under the road surface. Figure 2 The edge is on the tread, and the side ridge must be left on the road surface. Among them, the negative impact of the side ridge is far less than the negative impact of the ditch. In summary: the side ridge car and side ridge road of the present invention are better than traditional railways, trains, subways and trams. Therefore, in the future, we must vigorously develop side ridge cars and side ridge roads, so that they can gradually replace traditional railways, trains and subways until "cars on the same track" is achieved.

[0009] The main factor affecting the steering technology of rail vehicles is the edge, including the wheel flange and the rail flange. The edge is a vertical surface. The edge on the wheel is called the wheel flange, and the edge on the track is called the rail flange. The wheel flange facing left is called the left wheel flange, and the wheel flange facing right is called the right wheel flange; the rail flange facing left is called the left rail flange, and the rail flange facing right is called the right rail flange. The tread on the track is called the rail tread, and the tread on the wheel is called the wheel tread. When the rail vehicle is driving on a curve turning left, the left rail flange presses the right wheel flange to the left, causing the wheel to turn left; when the rail vehicle is driving on a curve turning right, the right rail flange presses the left wheel flange to the right, causing the wheel to turn right. When the edge is below the tread (road surface), a sunken space must be left under the track tread (road surface), that is, a groove must be left under the track, and the wheel flange can be placed in this groove. For example, there are two grooves on the inner side of the tram track, see Figure 1 When the edge is above the tread (road surface), a ridge that protrudes upward must be left above the track tread (road surface). The side of this ridge is the rail edge. Figure 2 When both the left and right tracks are equipped with rail flanges, it is called double-track controlled steering. Double-track controlled steering can only use the steering system of traditional trains such as wheelsets and bogies. When the rail flange is set on one side, it is called single-track (left track) controlled steering. Single-track controlled steering can use steering systems such as bogies and wheelsets, as well as steering systems such as steering knuckles and steering trapezoids of automobiles.

[0010] It has been 210 years since the invention of the train in 1814. During these two long centuries, there are more than 10,000 technicians engaged in rail transit. Tens of thousands of technicians have faced the six major shortcomings of rail transit that have not been solved so far, and the present invention has solved all of them. This shows the high technical content of the present invention. The six major shortcomings of rail transit are as follows: 1. It cannot turn a curve with a small curve radius, that is, the turning radius cannot be small. 2. It cannot be laid on a highway. 3. It cannot run on a flat track without a ditch. 4. The cost of building a railway is huge. 5. It cannot carry out small batches of short-distance and door-to-door transportation. 6. It greatly limits the scope of application of the traditional "road to rail". The solution of the present invention is as follows: 1. It solves the problem that the turning radius cannot be small. The turning radius of the car can be small. The double-track control steering cannot use the steering system of the car, and the present invention is a single-track control steering, so the steering system of the car can be used, so the turning radius can be small. 2. The problem that the track cannot be laid on the road is solved, because the edge of the traditional rail car is below the tread. If it is laid on the road, a ditch must be left. For example, a tram has a ditch. When the ditch is filled with garbage, the steel wheel will derail. The edge of the present invention is above the tread. If the side ridge road is laid on the road, a ridge must be left above the road surface. The ridge is much less obstructive to traffic than the ditch. 3. The problem that the traditional rail car cannot run on a flat track without a ditch is solved. Taking the tram as an example, because the edge is below the tread, a ditch must be left under the road surface. The ditch can be used to place the wheel rim; if there is no ditch, there is no place to put the wheel rim; and the wheel tread cannot touch the ground, and the wheel tread cannot contact the rail tread, so the wheel cannot rotate on the road surface. The side ridge car of the present invention has an edge above the lower tread, so the wheel rim does not need to be placed under the road surface. 4. The problem of the huge cost of building side ridge roads has been solved. The solution is to divide side ridge roads into three types: light-loaded, medium-loaded, and heavy-loaded. The total length of medium-loaded side ridge roads is about 5 times that of traditional railways, and the total length of light-loaded side ridge roads is about 15 times that of traditional railways. Currently, only two types of roads, light-loaded and medium-loaded, are being built. Light-loaded side ridge roads have the lowest cost and are mainly laid on urban roads; medium-loaded side ridge roads have a moderate cost and are mainly laid between cities; heavy-loaded side ridge roads have the highest cost and are not being laid for the time being. After 20 years, when the traditional railway tracks are replaced with side ridge road tracks, they will become heavy-loaded side ridge roads, which can save a lot of road construction investment.In order to reduce the pressure of the side-ridge wheels on the side-ridge road, we can shorten the length of each side-ridge car, because each side-ridge car has at most 4 wheels; we can also increase the number of side-ridge cars. For example, if we load 30 tons of cargo evenly on 3 cars, with 10 tons on each car, then this side-ridge car will have to travel on a medium-load side-ridge road; if we load 30 tons evenly on 6 cars, with 5 tons on each car, then this side-ridge car can travel on a light-load side-ridge road. In this way, the low-cost light-load side-ridge road will be useful. Some heavy cargo can be transported by traditional trains or heavy trucks. Those side-ridge vehicles carrying small batches of goods only need to take the side-ridge roads with light load capacity, because the cost of light load capacity side-ridge roads is low and the road maintenance fee is also low; and because the total mileage of light load capacity side-ridge roads is about 15 times that of heavy load capacity side-ridge roads, that is to say, light load capacity side-ridge roads account for a large proportion, which greatly reduces the total cost of building side-ridge roads. 5. It solves the problem that traditional trains cannot transport small batches, short distances, and door-to-door. The above 4th article introduces that side-ridge roads can be divided into 3 types according to their carrying capacity. Among them, light load capacity side-ridge roads are suitable for the transportation of small batches of goods within the city, short distances, and door-to-door transportation; the problem of achieving door-to-door transportation is realized. 6. After the side-ridge car adopts the steering system of the car, it can switch between tracks with and without side-ridges, see the second invention application. The second invention application introduces a method for the side-ridge car to switch between a side-ridge road with and without side-ridges; the side-ridge roads leading into the front doors of each household are generally side-ridge roads without side-ridges, and side-ridge roads without side-ridges are generally shorter. The tracks need to be widened at the turns, and the side-ridge roads expand the scope of use of rail transit.

[0011] The traditional "road-to-rail" method has limitations: 1. Goods transportation must be loaded and unloaded at least three times, and the escorts must be changed at least three times, which means that goods cannot be transported door-to-door without intermediate links. 2. The traditional road-to-rail method relies on traditional railways for transportation, but traditional railways are not suitable for the transportation of small quantities of goods. In addition, since the total mileage of traditional railways is limited, the distance between stations is relatively far, and they cannot be laid on winding roads, in order to transfer from road to rail, the goods transported by cars often need to travel a long way to reach the nearest train station.

[0012] The present invention expands and popularizes the concept of traditional "road to rail". Traditional "road to rail" means that the goods are transported to the railway station by car, then loaded onto the train, and then the train transports the goods to the railway station closest to the destination, and then the goods are loaded onto another car, and finally another car transports the goods to the gate of the destination. The "road to rail" of the present invention includes two types: the first type is the "road to rail" of door-to-door direct transportation, that is, the amphibious vehicle uses rubber wheels on the road, and changes to steel wheels on the side ridge road, and the same amphibious vehicle directly transports the goods from the departure point to the final destination. The second type is to build some side ridge roads on the premise of retaining traditional railways. Traditional railways are mainly responsible for the transportation of medium and long-distance, heavy goods; while side ridge roads and side ridge vehicles are mainly responsible for the transportation of medium and light goods over medium and short distances, and can also undertake some door-to-door transportation; because the turning radius of traditional trains cannot be small, it is not suitable for transporting short-distance, small-volume goods; if the batch of goods carried is too small and cannot fill the container, then it is not suitable to use traditional trains to achieve road-to-rail transportation. In the past, transportation on some roads with small turning radius and medium and short-distance, small-volume transportation were all transported on roads by high-energy-consuming cars, but now this batch of high-energy-consuming road transportation has been transferred to side ridge vehicles on rails, which means that the proportion of high-energy-consuming road transportation has been reduced, and the proportion of rail transportation with significant energy saving has been increased instead. We call the above-mentioned reduction in the proportion of road transportation and the increase in the proportion of side ridge road rail transportation as "road-to-rail" in a broad sense.

[0013] Traditional railways are equivalent to the transportation of the aorta in the human body, while the side ridge road can serve as both the transportation of the aorta and the transportation of capillaries. In the past, it was impossible to lay tracks and only certain sections of the highway could be built. Now with the side ridge road, tracks can also be laid, which can expand the total mileage of the track road to about 20 times that of the traditional railway. For example, on the highways in the city, tracks can be laid on roads with more bends. In the past, rail vehicles were limited to running on tracks, and cars were limited to running on roads. My third invention discloses an amphibious vehicle that shares the side ridge vehicle and the vehicle-mounted vehicle. It allows cars to run on both roads and rail roads. This means that cars loaded with goods do not have to load and unload goods multiple times, and can go on both roads and railways, realizing door-to-door direct transportation.

[0014] Table 1, position of the margin in the left-right direction and glossary of terms:

[0015]

[0016] Table 2, the position of the edge in the up and down direction:

[0017]

[0018] Table 3, comparison between traditional railway and side ridge road:

[0019]

[0020] Table 4, Classification of steering systems for rail vehicles:

[0021]

[0022] Table 5, Classification diagram according to the position of the edge when the track is laid on the road:

[0023]

[0024]

[0025] Introduce several rail vehicle steering systems and their corresponding axles and graphics:

[0026] The first patent application uses the steering system where the wheelset and bogie are located. It is the steering system used by trains, subways and trams. This steering system has been around for more than 200 years. It cannot turn a curve with a small radius, that is, it cannot turn a sharp turn; it cannot be laid on the road, because if it is laid on the road, a ditch must be left, and the ditch is more harmful. Trams belong to this type; it cannot use the steering system of cars where the steering knuckle and steering trapezoid are located, which can turn a sharp turn. Figure 1 , Figure 2 .

[0027] The second patent application is for a steering system where the steering knuckle and the steering trapezoid are located. It is a steering system used in automobiles, which enables sidecars to turn tight corners. Figure 3 This steering system can be divided into two types. The first type is called a non-switching steering system. This type of side ridge vehicle can only be driven on a side ridge road with side ridges. Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 The second type is called a switchable steering system, which allows the vehicle to switch between driving on roads with side ridges and on roads without side ridges, see Figure 7 , Figure 8 ; Fig. 9 , Fig.10 ; Fig.11 , Fig.12 and Fig.13 .

[0028] The third patent application is the invention patent application of this time, which includes three contents, among which the first content is the road-to-rail amphibious vehicle, referred to as the amphibious vehicle. The steering system adopted by the amphibious vehicle is a switchable steering system. The difference between its "switchable" and the "switchable" of the second patent application is: the switchable steering system of the second patent application refers to the switching between tracks with side ridges and tracks without side ridges within the track range; while the switchable steering system of the amphibious vehicle refers to the switching between side ridge roads with side ridges and other roads, and the other roads here include side ridge roads and highways without side ridges; in addition, the switching of the amphibious vehicle also includes the switching of wheels, that is, the amphibious vehicle uses rubber wheels when driving on a highway or on a track without side ridges. When it switches to a side ridge road with side ridges, the wheels must be replaced with steel wheels of the side ridge vehicle.

[0029] The non-switching steering system in the second patent application includes two steering axles, one is called a steering axle, see Figure 4 ; The other is called steering drive axle, see Figure 5 . Figure 4 It is a graphic that imitates the steering axle of a car. Figure 4 The steering axle diagram is mostly the same as that of a car, except for the following differences: 1. Figure 4 There is no steering wheel, because the side ridge car without switching is guided by the side ridge of the track, so there is no need for a steering wheel. Figure 4 The wheels of the truck are steel wheels of a sidecar, while the wheels of a car are rubber wheels. Figure 5 It is called a steering drive axle, which is a graphic that imitates the steering drive axle of a car. Figure 5 The differences between these two figures and the steering drive axle of a car are: 1. Figure 5 There is no steering wheel. 2. Figure 5 The wheels are the steel wheels of the side ridge car. 3. The axle in Figure 5 is a steering axle, because all wheels running on tracks with side ridges must be able to turn.

[0030] The switchable steering system in the second patent application includes three types of steering axles, namely: switchable steering axles, see Figure 7 and Figure 8 ; Switchable axles, see Fig. 9 and Fig.10 ; Switchable steering drive axle, see Fig.11 and Fig.12 . Figure 7 and Figure 8 is a switchable steering axle, which imitates Figure 4 The graphics formed. Figure 7 and Figure 8 Basically the same, but in Figure 7 The steering wheel and the steering knuckle are disconnected. Figure 8The steering wheel and the steering knuckle are connected; when the side-ridge vehicle is traveling on a side-ridge road with a side-ridge, the steering wheel and the steering knuckle are disconnected; when the side-ridge vehicle is switched to a side-ridge road without a side-ridge, the steering wheel and the steering knuckle are connected. Figure 7 , 8 and Figure 4 The differences are: Figure 7 and Figure 8 A steering wheel is added because after the side-ridge car switches to a track without side-ridges, its steering can only rely on the steering wheel. Fig. 9 and Fig.10 It is called a switchable axle, which simulates Figure 4 The axle formed by Figure 4 The difference is: Fig. 9 and Fig.10 A straight-ahead controller is added, which allows the vehicle to turn when traveling on a road with side ridges. When the vehicle switches to traveling on a track without side ridges, the steering knuckle is connected to the straight-ahead controller and is locked in the straight-ahead state by the straight-ahead controller. When the vehicle switches from a track without side ridges to a track with side ridges, the steering knuckle is disconnected from the execution controller, and the straight-ahead state is released and restored to the steering state. Fig.11 and Fig.12 It is called a switchable steering axle, which imitates Figure 5 The graphics formed by Fig.11 and Fig.12 and Figure 5 The differences are: Fig.11 and Fig.12 and Figure 5 Compared with the addition of a straight-moving controller, if the wheel is traveling on a side ridge road with side ridges, the straight-moving controller is disconnected from the steering knuckle, and the wheel is able to turn; if the wheel is switched to traveling on a track without side ridges, the straight-moving controller is connected to the steering knuckle, and the wheel is locked in a straight-moving state like a non-steering wheel of a car.

[0031] In the steering system of the amphibious vehicle in the first part of the third patent application, three types of axles are also used. The graphics of these three types of axles are exactly the same as the graphics of the three types of axles of the switchable side ridge vehicle in the second patent application. It is a graphic obtained by imitating the switchable steering axle in the second patent application. The differences between them are: 1. The switching in the third patent application refers to the switching between the side ridge road with side ridges and the track road without side ridges, or the switching between the side ridge road with side ridges and the highway; this adds a highway compared to the former. 2. The switching in the third patent application must be accompanied by the switching between steel wheels and rubber wheels at the same time, that is, if the amphibious vehicle is driving on the side ridge road with side ridges, the steel wheels of the side ridge vehicle are used; when it is switched to driving on the highway, or switched to driving on the side ridge road without side ridges, the steel wheels must be switched to rubber wheels. The content of this paragraph will be introduced in the paragraph of the amphibious vehicle in the following invention content. Summary of the invention:

[0032] Straight-moving controller: The straight-moving controller has the function of locking the wheels in the straight-moving direction. Locking the straight-moving direction means that the direction of the wheels is consistent with the direction of the vehicle body and cannot turn, which is similar to the non-steering wheels of a car. When the locked straight-moving function is released, the wheels can turn with the turning of the side ridge. We call this device that can lock the wheels in the straight-moving direction a straight-moving controller, see Fig. 9 and Fig.10 , Fig.11 and Fig.12 The device is composed of 6 parts: 48-straight travel controller, 43-steering rocker arm, 44-steering straight pull rod, 45-steering knuckle arm, 46-electromagnet, and 47-objects that can be grasped by the manipulator.

[0033] There are two types of side ridge roads, one is a side ridge road with side ridges, and the other is a side ridge road without side ridges. They are both rail roads. Strictly speaking, the side ridge road with side ridges is called a side ridge road; because side ridge roads without side ridges can also run side ridge vehicles, this kind of road is generally very short, mostly used as auxiliary roads or extension roads of side ridge roads with side ridges, so it is customary to call side ridge roads without side ridges side ridge roads, which is a non-strict name. Here are some examples of ridge roads without ridges: for example, at the intersection of the ridge road and the highway, that is, the intersection of the highway and the ridge road, if this section of road is relatively straight and short from front to back, this section of the ridge road may not have a ridge; for example, the ridge road paved on the outer lane of the highway may not have a ridge, because if this type of ridge road has a ridge, the ridge will affect other vehicles entering and exiting the highway; if ridge roads are paved on the inner and outer lanes of a highway, then the ridge road connecting the ridge roads on the inner and outer lanes may not have a ridge, because if there is a ridge, it will affect the passage of other vehicles; for example, the ridge road leading from the outer lane of the highway to the yards of each household on the side of the road may not have a ridge, and the ridge road leading to the yards of each household can be replaced by several thick steel plates. When two ridge roads with ridges intersect, there is no ridge at the intersection; when a ridge road forks, it is best to switch to a ridge road without ridges before the forked section and then fork; when the ridge road switches with the highway, and there is a bend in the switching section, the ridge road with ridges should be switched to a ridge road without ridges before switching with the highway. The ridge road without ridges is generally shorter and is preferably a straight road; if the ridge road without ridges has a bend, the track should be widened at the bend. The section of road before and after the switching point between the ridge road with ridges and the ridge road without ridges should be straight and preferably without bends.

[0034] There are three types of controlled steering: the first is the steering controlled by the edge of the track, which is the side ridge controlled steering for side ridge roads; specifically, the edge of the side ridge acts on the wheel rim to turn the wheel. The second is the steering controlled by the steering wheel, which means the steering wheel controls the steering gear, which in turn acts on the steering knuckle, which in turn acts on the wheel to turn. The third is the steering controlled by the straight-line controller, which means the straight-line controller controls the steering knuckle, which in turn acts on the wheel to lock it in the straight-line direction.

[0035] The switcher is composed of four parts: 44-steering straight tie rod, 45-steering knuckle arm, 46-electromagnet, and 47-object that can be grasped by the manipulator. When the electromagnet is powered on, it generates magnetic force, attracting the steering straight tie rod, and the steering straight tie rod is grasped by the object that can be grasped by the manipulator, which disconnects the steering straight tie rod from the steering knuckle arm; when the electromagnet is powered off and loses magnetic force, the steering straight tie rod is connected to the steering knuckle arm again. The above disconnection-connection completes a switching cycle.

[0036] There are two types of switching. The first type of switching is the switching between track-controlled steering and steering wheel-controlled steering, such as Figure 7 and Figure 8 They are graphics of track-controlled steering and steering wheel-controlled steering. Figure 7 When there is a side ridge on the left track, the steering tie rod is disconnected from the steering knuckle arm, and the steering wheel loses control of the wheel. At this time, the steering of the wheel is controlled by the side ridge of the track. Figure 8 When there is no side bank on the left track, the steering straight tie rod is connected to the steering knuckle arm, and the steering of the wheel is controlled by the steering wheel. The second switching is the switching between the steering controlled by the track and the steering controlled by the straight controller, such as Fig. 9 and Fig.10 These are the graphics of the steering controlled by the track and the steering controlled by the straight controller. Fig. 9 When there is a side ridge on the left track, the steering straight tie rod is disconnected from the steering knuckle arm, and the straight-travel controller loses control of the wheel. At this time, the steering of the wheel is controlled by the side ridge of the track. Fig.10 When there is no side ridge on the left track, the steering straight tie rod is connected to the steering knuckle arm. At this time, the steering of the wheel is controlled by the execution controller, and the straight-moving controller locks the wheel into a straight-moving state. Fig.11 and Fig.12 The switching principle between Fig. 9 and Fig.10 The steering principles are the same, so I won’t go into details here.

[0037] Where is it necessary to lock and release the straight-ahead direction? When a side-ridge vehicle drives from a side-ridge road with side-ridges to a side-ridge road without side-ridges, if the side-ridge road without side-ridges is very short and straight, and the road sections before and after the switching point between the two roads are also very straight, then the side-ridge vehicle can drive directly through without any switching; if the side-ridge road without side-ridges is relatively long, or the road has a curve, then the non-first-row wheels of the side-ridge vehicle must be locked in the straight-ahead direction before it can drive, and at this time the steering wheel on its first-row axle must be connected to the steering knuckle. When a side-ridge vehicle drives from a side-ridge road without side-ridges to a side-ridge road with side-ridges, its non-first-row wheels must be released from the straight-ahead direction lock, so that the wheels that have been released from the straight-ahead direction lock can turn with the turning of the side-ridge, and at this time the steering wheel on its first-row axle must be disconnected from the steering knuckle arm.

[0038] Switching of amphibious vehicles. When an amphibious vehicle drives from a side-ridge road with side ridges to a highway, the amphibious vehicle must make three switches. The first switch is that its steel wheels must be replaced with rubber wheels (it can imitate the quick wheel change of F1 racing cars); the second switch is that its non-first-row wheels must be locked in the straight-ahead direction; the third switch is that the steering wheel on its first-row axle must be connected to the steering knuckle. When an amphibious vehicle drives from a highway to a side-ridge road with side ridges, the amphibious vehicle must also make three switches. The first switch is that its rubber wheels must be replaced with steel wheels; the second switch is that its non-first-row wheels must be unlocked in the straight-ahead direction; the third switch is that the steering wheel on its first-row axle must be disconnected from the steering knuckle. When an amphibious vehicle drives from a highway to a ridge-free road, the amphibious vehicle does not need to change wheels and can drive directly on the ridge-free road; if the ridge-free road is relatively long and straight, and the wheels will not derail, the rubber wheels can be replaced with steel wheels for energy saving; if the ridge-free road is relatively short and straight, and the road before this section of ridge-free road is about to be switched to a ridge-free road, then the rubber wheels of the ridge-free vehicle can also be replaced with steel wheels.

[0039] 1. A vehicle that can be assembled and disassembled, comprising a vehicle or a part thereof and a side ridge vehicle or a part thereof, wherein the side ridge vehicle is a steel wheel motor vehicle traveling on a side ridge road, comprising a vehicle body, a left wheel 9, and a right wheel 10. The side ridge vehicle can be a single-section side ridge vehicle 34 or 49, or a multi-section side ridge vehicle 34 and 35, or 49 and 50; the side ridge road is a railroad consisting of two left and right steel rails, the upper surface of the right steel rail 8 is flat, and the middle of the upper surface of the left steel rail 7 has a ridge protruding upwards called The side ridge 14; the surface where the rail and the wheel contact is called the rail tread 5; the middle part of the wheel tread 6 of the left wheel 9 of the side ridge vehicle has an inwardly recessed notch 15, and the tread 6 of the right wheel 10 is flat and has no inwardly recessed notch; when the side ridge vehicle is traveling on the side ridge road matched with it, the inwardly recessed notch 15 in the middle part of the tread of the left wheel of the side ridge vehicle just covers the side ridge 14 protruding upward in the middle part of the left rail 7 of the side ridge road, and the right wheel 10 of the side ridge vehicle is just above the right rail 8 of the side ridge road, Figure 2 , Figure 3 We call the wheels of the side ridge vehicle and the track of the side ridge road a single-side (here refers to the left) track-controlled steering device, see Figure 2 , 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, the above figures show schematic diagrams of the track of the side ridge road, the steel wheels of the side ridge vehicle and the related axles; it is characterized in that when one is selected from the car or its part, and another is selected from the side ridge vehicle or its part, wherein the part of the side ridge vehicle at least includes the steel wheels of the side ridge vehicle, and when the selected two are combined together, the combined car can use the steel wheels of the side ridge vehicle to travel on the side ridge road; in this combined car, the car or its part is on the top, and the side ridge vehicle or its part is on the bottom; when this combination is disassembled, the car or its part is restored, It can be restored to the state of traveling on the road with rubber wheels (that is, it can be restored to the most initial state before the combination); the side ridge car or part of it can be restored to the state before the combination; (in the above-mentioned combination and disassembly process, the goods on the car are placed on the car, and there is no need for multiple loading and unloading; in this way, door-to-door direct transportation with fewer links can be achieved, which is suitable for both large-scale and small-batch cargo transportation; it is suitable for both long-distance and medium-distance transportation; it benefits from the energy conservation and emission reduction of rail transportation, as well as the flexibility and wide coverage of road transportation, realizing door-to-door transportation, and enjoying the healthy and comfortable feeling of rail transportation without motion sickness).

[0040] There are two types of side-ridge vehicles. One type is the type that only travels on side-ridge roads with side ridges, which is called a non-switchable side-ridge vehicle. Its driving axle is called a steering driving axle (generally set on the second row of axles), and the other rows of axles are called steering axles. The other type is the type that can switch between a side-ridge road with side ridges and a side-ridge road without side ridges, which is called a switchable side-ridge vehicle. Its first row of axles is called a switchable steering axle, its driving axle is called a switchable steering driving axle (generally set on the second row of axles), and the other rows of axles are called switchable axles. The non-first row axles of the switchable side-ridge vehicle are all equipped with a straight-ahead controller, which is a device that locks the straight-ahead. On the side-ridge road, there is a road sign that can send a signal that there is a switching point a certain number of meters ahead. After the sensor of the side-ridge vehicle passing by receives the signal, the intelligent device on the side-ridge vehicle can be ready to switch between the side-ridge and the side-ridge-free road. The above-mentioned several side ridge vehicles and several axles are introduced in the background technology, and are introduced in detail in my invention application named "Side ridge vehicle and side ridge road on which it travels".

[0041] 2. A vehicle that can be combined and disassembled according to 1, characterized in that, for each section with at most two rows of axles, both sides of each row of axles are single-wheeled vehicles, that is, each section of the vehicle has at most four wheels, after removing its rubber wheels and replacing them with steel wheels of a side ridge vehicle, the vehicle can use the steel wheels of the side ridge vehicle to travel on a side ridge road with side ridges; when the steel wheels are removed and replaced with rubber wheels of the vehicle, the vehicle can be restored to travel on the road with rubber wheels; we call the vehicle after the rubber wheels are removed a part of the vehicle, we call the steel wheels of the side ridge vehicle a part of the side ridge vehicle, and we call the vehicle composed of these two parts a road-to-rail amphibious vehicle, or amphibious vehicle for short. (After the vehicle is replaced with steel wheels, the wheelbase must match the track gauge of the side ridge road on which it travels).

[0042] In the figure, the steering gear 42 and the straight-travel controller 48 are located at the same position and have the same shape, but they play different roles. The steering gear is generally used on the first-row axle and is used together with the steering wheel. Figure 7 and Figure 8 ; The straight-ahead controller is generally used on non-first-row axles, see Fig. 9 , 10, 11, 12.

[0043] 3. A detachable vehicle according to 2, characterized in that all wheels of the amphibious vehicle are equipped with steering knuckles, and each row of axles are equipped with steering knuckles, and the steering is trapezoidal; the axles other than the first row are equipped with a straight-moving controller 48, which is a device for locking the straight-moving. The axles used in the amphibious vehicle or its parts include three types of axles. The first type is called an amphibious vehicle switchable steering axle, which is an axle installed on the first row of the first section of the vehicle. It is the same in structure as the switchable steering axle in the second background technology, and the graphics are also the same, see Figure 7 and Figure 8 The second type is called an amphibious vehicle switchable steering drive axle, which is provided with a straight-moving controller, which is a device that locks the wheels to move straight. It serves as the second row of axles of the first vehicle. It is structurally the same as the switchable steering drive axle in the second background technology, and the graphics are also the same, see Fig.11 and Fig.12 The third type is called the switchable axle of an amphibious vehicle, which has a device for locking the straight-moving vehicle, that is, a straight-moving controller. It is generally used as the axle of the second vehicle. It is structurally the same as the switchable axle in the second background technology, and the graphics are also the same, see Fig. 9 and Fig.10 There are three differences between the three types of axles in the above-mentioned amphibious vehicle and the three types of axles with the same structure corresponding to the second background technology. The three differences are as follows: 1. The axles of the amphibious vehicle described in the present invention must be switched between steel wheels and rubber wheels when switching; 2. The roads that cause the two types of axles to switch are different. The axles of the amphibious vehicle described in the present invention switch between a side ridge road with side ridges and a side ridge road without side ridges, and also switch between a side ridge road with side ridges and a highway; while the axles of the switchable side ridge vehicle described in the second background technology are not on a side ridge road with side ridges. Switching between roads and highways, that is, the switchable side-bank vehicle described in the second background technology cannot be driven on highways; 3. The three axles of the amphibious vehicle described in the present application are axles obtained by improving the two corresponding axles used by automobiles, that is, it is obtained by improving the axles of automobiles; and the axles of the switchable side-bank vehicle in the second background technology are improved on the basis of the two axles of the non-switchable side-bank vehicle in the second background technology, that is, it is obtained by improving the axles of the non-switchable side-bank vehicle.

[0044] The sources of the three types of axles of the amphibious vehicle and the three types of axles of the switchable side ridge vehicle in the second background technology are different as follows: a. Regarding the switchable steering axle Figure 7 and Figure 8Source: The switchable steering axle of the amphibious vehicle is obtained by replacing the rubber wheel with the steel wheel with a steering knuckle of the side ridge vehicle on the basis of the steering axle of the car, thereby realizing the interchangeability of the rubber wheel and the steel wheel, and then adding an electromagnet and a manipulator to grasp objects; the switchable steering axle in the second background technology is obtained by replacing the rubber wheel with the steel wheel with the steel wheel with a steering knuckle of the side ridge vehicle on the basis of the steering axle of the non-switchable side ridge vehicle in the second background technology (that is, Figure 4 b. Adding a steering wheel, a steering shaft, a steering universal joint, a steering drive shaft, a steering gear, a steering rocker arm, a steering straight tie rod, a steering knuckle arm, an electromagnet, and a manipulator that can grasp an object; b. About the switchable steering drive axle Fig.11 and Fig.12 Source: The switchable steering drive axle of an amphibious vehicle is obtained by removing the steering wheel, steering shaft, steering universal joint, steering transmission shaft, steering gear from the steering drive axle of an automobile, adding a straight-line controller, an electromagnet and a manipulator capable of grasping objects, and exchanging the rubber wheel with the steel wheel; and the switchable steering drive axle in the second background technology ... gear, steering universal joint, steering transmission shaft, steering gear from the steering drive axle of an automobile, and adding a straight-line controller, an electromagnet and a manipulator capable of grasping objects, and exchanging the rubber wheel with the steel wheel. Figure 5 Add the straight-line controller, steering rocker arm, steering straight tie rod, steering knuckle arm, and then add the electromagnet and the manipulator to grasp the object; c. About the switchable axle Fig. 9 and Fig.10 Source: The switchable axle of the amphibious vehicle is obtained by removing the steering wheel, steering shaft, steering universal joint, steering drive shaft, steering gear from the steering axle of the automobile, adding a straight-line controller, an electromagnet, a manipulator that can grasp objects, and realizing the interchangeability of rubber wheels and steel wheels; while the switchable axle in the second background technology is obtained by removing the steering wheel, steering shaft, steering universal joint, steering drive shaft, steering gear from the steering axle of the automobile, adding a straight-line controller, an electromagnet, a manipulator that can grasp objects, and realizing the interchangeability of rubber wheels and steel wheels; and the switchable axle in the second background technology is obtained by removing the steering axle of the non-switchable side ridge vehicle in the second background technology (that is, Figure 4 The above three types of axles have the same graphics in terms of steering, but their sources are different, which means that they are the same only in terms of steering, while in other aspects, the car or its part in the amphibious vehicle still retains many characteristics and properties of the car; while the switchable side ridge car still retains the characteristics and properties of the side ridge car; that is, there are differences between them in other aspects.

[0045] 4. A combinable-disassembled vehicle according to 1, characterized in that when a car drives onto the chassis of a side ridge vehicle, the energy on the chassis of the side ridge vehicle can be provided by the car on it, and the operating signals and instructions for the driving of the chassis of the side ridge vehicle can also be issued by the driver of the car on it. There are two main connections between the car and the chassis of the side ridge vehicle below it, one is the connection of energy, and the other is the connection of the signal system, which can transmit various signals issued by the driver on the car after the connection; in this way, the driver can drive the combined vehicle on the side ridge road; when the car is separated from the chassis of the side ridge vehicle and driven off the chassis of the side ridge vehicle, the car can be restored to the state of driving on the road with rubber wheels; the chassis of the side ridge vehicle can be restored to its original state. We can call this combined-disassembled vehicle a road-to-rail shared side ridge vehicle, or a shared side ridge vehicle for short. (It is somewhat similar to a shared bicycle). (It is not ruled out that unmanned driving will be adopted in the future).

[0046] 5. A combinable and disassembled vehicle according to 1, characterized in that when a car is driven onto a side-ridge vehicle, or when the car is pulled onto the side-ridge vehicle, the side-ridge vehicle can carry the car on the side-ridge road; when the car is driven off the side-ridge vehicle, the car can drive on the road with rubber wheels; the side-ridge vehicle can still drive on the side-ridge road; we call this combinable and disassembled vehicle a road-to-rail side-ridge vehicle-mounted vehicle, or a vehicle-mounted vehicle for short.

[0047] There are two types of vehicle-mounted vehicles: 1. When the lower side-bank vehicle or the chassis of the side-bank vehicle has no power source, the power is provided by the upper car, such as a shared side-bank vehicle; 2. When the lower side-bank vehicle or the chassis of the side-bank vehicle has a power source, the power is provided by the lower side-bank vehicle, such as a vehicle-mounted vehicle.

[0048] 6. A detachable vehicle according to 4 or 5, characterized in that the chassis of the side ridge vehicle under the shared side ridge vehicle has no cargo box and cab, and the side ridge vehicle under the vehicle-mounted vehicle has a cab, and the upper parts of them are equipped with devices similar to those of an integral flatbed tow truck or a disconnected flatbed tow truck, including: a subframe, a hydraulic cylinder, a flatbed, a supporting arm, and a winch, which has similar functions to those of an integral flatbed tow truck or a disconnected flatbed tow truck, that is, the vehicle can be moved from the side The rear of the ridge car or the chassis of the side ridge car is driven along the flatbed to the side ridge car or the chassis of the side ridge car. If the car cannot be driven up, a winch can be used to assist. The winch is a mechanism that can lift the car through a wire rope driven by hydraulic pressure; that is, this device can realize the car from the rear of the side ridge car or the chassis of the side ridge car to the side ridge car or the chassis of the side ridge car, or the winch can pull the car to the side ridge car or the chassis of the side ridge car, and finally realize the side ridge car or the chassis of the side ridge car carrying the car to drive on the side ridge road, see Fig.15 .

[0049] 7. A detachable vehicle according to 4 or 5, characterized in that the chassis of the side-mounted vehicle is a chassis without a cargo box, and a slewing device is installed on it, including: a cab, an engine, a slewing support, a slewing platform, and a chassis frame; the function of the slewing device is: before the car is driven from the high platform on the side of the side-mounted vehicle or from the shelf on the side of the side-mounted vehicle to the slewing device on the chassis of the side-mounted vehicle, the slewing device is first rotated about 90 degrees so that its rear end is aligned with the car on the slewing device, and then the car is driven The side ridge vehicle is put on the rotating device, and then the rotating device is rotated back to make the head of the car face forward, so that the side ridge vehicle can carry the car and drive on the side ridge road; when arriving at the destination, the side ridge vehicle stops the car on a high platform or a high-lift bracket on the side, and the rotatable box plate is rotated about 90 degrees to make the front of the car face the high platform or the raised bracket, and the car can be driven down from the rotating device of the side ridge vehicle. After driving down, the car can be driven on the road; after the side ridge vehicle rotates the rotating device back, it can also drive on the side ridge road, see Fig.16 .

[0050] 8. A platform for assisting the assembly and disassembly of a assembleable and disassembleable vehicle as described in 1, comprising the platform and a slope for a car to drive onto the platform from the bottom of the platform, characterized in that the platform is located on the side of a side ridge road or behind the side ridge road, the height of the platform requires that a car can drive from the platform to the side ridge vehicle or from the side ridge vehicle to the platform; the length and width of the platform are preferably such that a car can be placed between the platform and the side ridge vehicle and drive up and down.

[0051] 9. A support for assisting the combination and disassembly of a combinable and disassembly vehicle as described in 1, characterized in that the support can bear the weight of a car that drives up and down between the support and the side ridge vehicle or the chassis of the side ridge vehicle, and the length and width of the support can accommodate the car that drives up and down between the support and the side ridge vehicle or the chassis of the side ridge vehicle; the support can add or remove a lifting function, for example, some supports with slopes do not need a lifting function; when the support is lowered, the car can be driven from the ground to the support, or from the support to the ground; when the support is raised, the car can be driven from the support to the side ridge vehicle or to the chassis of the side ridge vehicle, or from the side ridge vehicle or from the chassis of the side ridge vehicle to the support; the support can add or remove a moving function, for example, it can be moved by adding wheels underneath; the support can add or remove a ramp device, after adding the ramp device, the car can be driven from the slope to the support, and can also be driven down from the support through the slope.

[0052] The present invention application has explored two potentials that are easily overlooked, one is the potential of a manufacturing power, and the other is the potential of having a large number of manufacturing workers. We just want to explore the potential in all aspects, and we don't want any potential power to be idle or wasted. In the field of transportation, many advanced things have emerged, such as subways, high-speed railways, driverless cars, and drones, but their disadvantage is that the logistics costs are quite high; traditional rail transportation such as railways and trains has many limitations, which leads to most transportation still relying on high-energy road transportation; at present, in terms of reducing energy consumption and reducing logistics costs, we still have to rely on rail transportation such as side ridge roads and side ridge vehicles. Especially for a manufacturing power, reducing logistics costs is an indispensable and important link. Description of the drawings:

[0053] In the drawings of the specification, Figure 1 and Figure 2 It is a figure related to the first patent application; Figures 3 to 13 It is a figure related to the second patent application; Figures 7 to 16 This is a figure related to the third patent application. Among them, Figures 7 to 13 It can be used for both the second and third patent applications.

[0054] Figure 1 This is a diagram of the steering of a traditional tram. A traditional tram is an electric rail vehicle laid on a city road. Its steering principle is the same as that of a train or subway. It is equivalent to a train or subway laid on a road. Its edge is under the tread and it has edges on both sides. This leads to two disadvantages. One is that it cannot turn a curve with a small radius like a traditional train, that is, the turning radius cannot be small. The other is that when it is laid on the road, two grooves called track grooves must be left on the inner side of the left and right tracks respectively. If a bicycle wheel falls into the groove, it will fall down; when the groove is filled with garbage, the wheel is in danger of derailment. Due to the above disadvantages, it is not practical and this type of vehicle is becoming less and less. Figure 1 Taking trams as an example, it is shown that traditional rail transportation such as trains and subways cannot lay tracks on roads. Traditional rail transportation has many disadvantages, which restricts the development of rail transportation, resulting in that many road transportation can only be completed by high-energy-consuming and high-pollution road transportation. The side ridge vehicle and side ridge road of the present invention can greatly increase the coverage of rail transportation, reduce the proportion of road transportation, increase the proportion of rail transportation, and enable the development of road-to-rail transportation.

[0055] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the positional relationship between the side ridge vehicle wheels and the side ridge road. Figure 2In the figure, the left, right and middle of the left track 7 and the right track 8 of the side ridge road are the road surface 12, and the upper surface of the road surface and the upper surface of the rail are basically on the same plane. The tread of the right steel wheel of the side ridge car is flat. When the side ridge car is running, the driving direction of the side ridge car is controlled by the side ridge of the single-side (here refers to the left side) rail. We call this steering single-side track control steering, and the steering of the car can be called steering controlled by the steering wheel through the steering knuckle. Side-ridge roads do not have to be paved on highways. Just like railways, the rails and some sleepers of side-ridge roads can be exposed. The cost of this type of road is relatively low (the lowest-cost rail road is the one with a small load-bearing capacity. A special paragraph will be used later to discuss how to use small load-bearing methods to reduce the cost of side-ridge roads); side-ridge roads can also be paved on highways, generally on the inner lane of a two-way multi-lane highway. This type of road is mainly a road with side-ridges; side-ridge roads can also be paved on the outer lane of a highway, on a curved road, and on the road leading to a station or into the front door of each household. These types of roads are mainly roads without side-ridges, and roads without side-ridges are generally shorter. Figure 2 This is my first patent application for a side-ridge road and a side-ridge vehicle. It has two contributions to rail transit technology. The first is that it changes the traditional double-sided track-controlled steering into a single-sided (left-side) track-controlled steering; the advantage is that the steering system of the car can be used, thus solving the problem that rail transit can turn on a small radius curve, that is, the turning radius can be small. The second is that it changes the traditional wheel flange below the wheel tread to the wheel flange above the wheel tread; the traditional rail flange below the rail tread is changed to the rail flange above the rail tread; the advantage is that when the track is laid on the road, only a ridge protruding upward is left on the road surface, and there is no more groove concave downward; the negative impact of the ridge on traffic is small, while the negative impact of the groove is large.

[0056] Figure 3 The side ridge car wheel is based on the side ridge car wheel with the car's steering knuckle added to the middle part. It can be considered as a schematic diagram of the side ridge car wheel structure after the car's steering knuckle technology is adopted.

[0057] Figure 4 It is a steering axle of a non-switchable side ridge vehicle. It is obtained by removing the steering wheel, steering shaft, steering universal joint, steering drive shaft, steering gear, steering rocker arm, steering straight tie rod and steering knuckle arm from the steering axle of the car. This type of axle is generally used on the front axle or on the axle of the trailer.

[0058] Figure 5 It is a steering drive axle of a non-switching sidecar. It is obtained by removing the steering wheel, steering shaft, steering universal joint, steering transmission shaft, steering gear, steering rocker arm, steering straight tie rod and steering knuckle arm from the steering drive axle of a car. This axle is generally used on the rear axle of the first section of a sidecar.

[0059] Figure 6It is a schematic diagram of the positions of the non-switchable side-rail vehicles and their axles. In the figure, the front one is the first side-rail vehicle, and the rear one is the trailer of the side-rail vehicle; the front axle of the first vehicle is a steering axle, the rear axle is a steering drive axle, and most of the axles on the trailer are steering axles.

[0060] The switchable side ridge vehicle can switch between the side ridge road with side ridge and the side ridge road without side ridge. The switchable side ridge vehicle has three types of axles. One type is the switchable steering axle, see Figure 7 and Figure 8 , which is composed of Figure 4 The axle that can be grasped by adding steering wheel, steering shaft, steering universal joint, steering drive shaft, steering gear, steering rocker arm, steering straight tie rod, steering knuckle arm, electromagnet, and manipulator is generally used on the first row of axles; the second type is the switchable axle, see Fig. 9 and Fig.10 , which is composed of Figure 4 It is obtained by adding a straight-travel controller, a steering rocker arm, a steering straight tie rod, a steering knuckle arm, an electromagnet, and a manipulator that can grasp objects. It is generally used on trailer axles; the third type is a switchable steering drive axle, see Fig.11 and Fig.12 , which is composed of Figure 5 It is obtained by adding a straight-moving controller, a steering rocker arm, a steering straight pull rod, a steering knuckle arm, an electromagnet, and a manipulator capable of grasping objects. It is generally used on the second row of axles of the first car.

[0061] Figure 7 and Figure 8 It is a switchable steering axle of a switchable side-ridge vehicle and also a switchable steering axle of an amphibious vehicle; this axle switches between a side-ridge road with a side-ridge and a road without a side-ridge, and also makes corresponding switches. This axle has a steering wheel that can be connected and disconnected. When on a side-ridge road with a side-ridge, the steering wheel is disconnected from the steering knuckle, and the wheels are in a state where they can turn with the steering of the side-ridge; when switching to a road without a side-ridge, the steering wheel is connected to the steering knuckle, and the wheels are in a state where they are controlled by the steering wheel to turn. The connection and disconnection between the steering wheel and the steering knuckle are achieved by an electromagnet and a manipulator that can grasp an object.

[0062] Fig. 9 and Fig.10It is a switchable axle of a switchable side-ridge vehicle and also a switchable axle of an amphibious vehicle; this axle switches between a side-ridge road with side ridges and a road without side ridges, and also makes corresponding switches. This axle has a straight-moving controller for locking and releasing straight-moving. When on a side-ridge road with side ridges, the straight-moving controller is disconnected from the steering knuckle, and the wheel is in a state of releasing straight-moving and being able to turn; when switching to a road without side ridges, the straight-moving controller is connected to the steering knuckle, and the wheel is in a state of being locked in a straight-moving state and cannot turn. The connection and disconnection between the straight-moving controller and the steering knuckle are achieved by an electromagnet and a manipulator that can grasp an object.

[0063] Fig.11 and Fig.12 It is a switchable steering drive axle of a switchable side-ridge vehicle and also a switchable steering drive axle of an amphibious vehicle; this axle switches between a side-ridge road with side ridges and a road without side ridges, and also makes corresponding switches. This axle has a straight-moving controller that locks straight-moving. When on a side-ridge road with side ridges, the straight-moving controller is disconnected from the steering knuckle, and the wheel is in a state where the straight-moving can be released and can be turned; when switched to a road without side ridges, the straight-moving controller is connected to the steering knuckle, and the wheel is in a state where it cannot be turned and is locked into a straight-moving state. The connection and disconnection between the straight-moving controller and the steering knuckle is achieved by an electromagnet and a manipulator that can grasp an object.

[0064] Fig.13 is a schematic diagram of the switchable side rail car and the location of its axle.

[0065] Fig.14 This is a schematic diagram of the location of the amphibious vehicle and its axle. Fig.13 Basically similar.

[0066] Fig.15 It is a schematic diagram of a car being loaded onto a side ridge vehicle from the rear in a shared side ridge vehicle or in a vehicle-mounted vehicle. This diagram is drawn in imitation of a one-piece flatbed tow truck.

[0067] Fig.16 This is a schematic diagram of a car being loaded onto a side ridge car from the side in a shared side ridge car or in a vehicle-mounted car. This diagram is drawn by imitating the slewing device diagram of an excavator.

[0068] Among them, 1-left rail edge, 2-right rail edge, 3-left wheel flange, 4-right wheel flange, 5-rail tread, 6-wheel tread, 7-left rail, 8-right rail, 9-left wheel, 10-right wheel, 11-axle, 12-highway surface, 13-rail groove, 14-side ridge, 15-the concave part in the middle of the wheel tread, 16-left steering knuckle, 17-right steering knuckle, 18-kingpin, 19- Axle, 20-trapezoidal arm, 21-steering tie rod, 22-wheel hub, 23-bearing, 24-main reducer, 25-main reducer housing, 26-differential, 27-inner half shaft, 28-half shaft sleeve, 29-constant angular velocity universal joint, 30-steering knuckle journal, 31-outer half shaft, 32-steering knuckle housing, 33-spherical bearing, 34-side ridge car, 35-trailer of side ridge car, 3 6-steering axle, 37-steering drive axle, 38-steering wheel, 39-steering shaft, 40-steering universal joint, 41-steering drive shaft, 42-steering gear, 43-steering rocker arm, 44-steering straight pull rod, 45-steering knuckle arm, 46-electromagnet, 47-objects that can be grasped by the manipulator, 48-straight controller, 49-switchable side ridge vehicle, 50-switchable side ridge vehicle trailer, 51-switchable steering axle, 52-switchable steering drive axle, 53-switchable axle, 54-amphibious vehicle, 55-amphibious vehicle trailer, 56-car, 57-a frame, 58-hydraulic cylinder, 59-flat plate, 60-supporting arm, 61-winch, 62-chassis of side ridge vehicle, 63-turntable, or slewing platform, 64-slewing support, 65-underframe, or non-slewing part. Specific implementation method:

[0069] Traditional railways and side ridge roads complement each other. We can regard traditional railways as the main arteries of the transportation network, which are mainly responsible for the transportation of large quantities of goods over medium and long distances; side ridge roads as the branches of the transportation network, which are mainly responsible for the transportation of small and medium quantities of goods over medium and short distances; and roads as the capillaries of the transportation network, which are mainly responsible for the door-to-door transportation of small quantities of goods over short distances. Side ridge vehicles have a small turning radius, which can achieve door-to-door transportation; traditional railways and side ridge roads complement each other and complement each other. The combination of the two increases the proportion of rail transportation that saves energy and reduces emissions, and reduces the proportion of high-energy-consuming road transportation.

[0070] In order to reduce the cost of building side ridge roads, three types of side ridge roads are designed, including: 1. Light side ridge road, which has the lowest cost; 2. Medium side ridge road, which has a moderate cost; 3. Heavy side ridge road, which has the highest cost. The side ridge road is built in three steps. Taking the Yangtze River Delta region as an example, the first step is to build a medium side ridge road between adjacent cities with busy road transportation in the Yangtze River Delta region. Both medium side ridge vehicles and light side ridge vehicles can travel on the medium side ridge road; the second step is to build a light side ridge road between the two cities if the side ridge vehicles on the side ridge road are saturated. The light side ridge road has a low cost and low toll, so some light side ridge vehicles can be diverted to the light side ridge road. Step 3: After about 20 years, we will replace the traditional railway tracks with heavy-duty side-ridge road tracks, which will reduce the cost of heavy-duty side-ridge roads. In the first 20 years, some heavy goods can be transported by heavy trucks and traditional trains, and the above method will reduce the cost of building side-ridge roads. There is another way to reduce the cost of road construction. For example, if we want to transport 40 tons of goods, if we use two side-ridge cars to load them, then each car must load 20 tons, and it must travel on heavy-duty side-ridge roads; if we use four side-ridge cars to load them, then each car only loads 10 tons on average, and it can travel on medium-duty side-ridge roads. In this way, in the first 20 years, we can complete the transportation task without building heavy-duty side-ridge roads with high investment. This means that for a batch of goods of the same weight, if it is loaded in two carriages, the load-bearing capacity of the side embankment road will be large; if it is evenly loaded in four carriages, the load-bearing capacity of the side embankment road will be small; the side embankment road with a small load-bearing capacity will also have a low cost and low toll.

[0071] Ways to prevent side ridge roads from losing money. Most railways and roads are profitable, because railways are more profitable than roads, so it is advocated to switch from roads to railways. However, most tram roads are loss-making. How to prevent side ridge roads from losing money? Tram roads are paved on roads within the city, and they are limited to passenger transportation. The lines are relatively short and isolated, making it difficult to form a network, and the driving speed is relatively slow, resulting in a low utilization rate of tram roads and losses. Side ridge roads are mainly paved between two neighboring cities, and only a small part is paved on roads within the city. Moreover, the side ridge roads in the city are relatively short. Most of the side ridge roads leading to the city lead to large wholesale markets, warehouses, factories, etc. in the city. Side ridge roads can be used for passenger transportation as well as freight transportation. Traditional railways are positioned for medium and long-distance transportation; side ridge roads are mainly positioned for medium-distance transportation, with short-distance transportation accounting for a relatively small proportion; highways are mainly positioned for short-distance door-to-door transportation. The road-to-rail conversion we advocate is mainly to convert a portion of medium-distance highway transportation with large transportation volumes into rail transportation. One reason for the loss of trams is that there are few vehicles running on the tracks and the transportation volume is low; and the combination-split vehicle that can be converted between tracks and roads applied for in the present invention can attract more vehicles to travel on the side ridge roads, which will increase the number of vehicles running on the side ridge roads and greatly reduce logistics costs, which will make the side ridge roads only profitable and not loss-making. my country is a major manufacturing country, and it is particularly important to reduce the transportation costs of raw materials and finished products. In order to prevent the loss of side ridge roads, we divide the side ridge roads into three types based on carrying capacity, and build them in three steps. The first step is to pave medium-load-capacity side ridge roads between two adjacent cities with the busiest road transportation, because both medium-load-capacity side ridge vehicles and light-load-capacity side ridge vehicles can be driven on medium-load-capacity side ridge roads. The advantage of choosing the busiest road sections to build side ridge roads first is that it can maximize the transfer from road to rail, and it also avoids the loss situation where the side ridge roads are built but there are few vehicles driving on such roads. The second step is to pave light-load-capacity side ridge roads when the number of side ridge vehicles driving on medium-load-capacity side ridge roads is close to saturation, because light-load-capacity side ridge roads require less investment, save road paving costs, and the tolls paid by side ridge vehicles driving on light-load-capacity side ridge roads are also low, so it will attract light-load-capacity side ridge vehicles to drive on light-load-capacity side ridge roads. We will not lay heavy-duty side-ridge roads for the next 20 years or so, because the cost of laying heavy-duty side-ridge roads is quite high, and heavy goods can be transported by heavy trucks and traditional trains. After about 20 years, depending on the economic development, we can replace the traditional railway tracks with heavy-duty side-ridge road tracks, which will not only enable rail transit to achieve "same track for all vehicles", but also save the huge investment in laying heavy-duty side-ridge roads.

[0072] There are three types of road-to-rail transport. The first type is traditional road-to-rail transport. The second type is some transportation routes with large logistics volumes that cannot be covered by traditional railways. Currently, only high-energy-consuming and high-pollution road transport can be used. With the side ridge road, we try to convert part of this type of road transport into rail transport on the side ridge road. This is the content of my first and second patent applications. The third type is to use the method of combining and splitting steel wheel vehicles and rubber wheel vehicles to achieve more convenient road-to-rail transport. This type of road-to-rail transport reduces the number of times goods are loaded and unloaded, does not require the replacement of the escort of the goods, reduces the intermediate links of transportation, and facilitates door-to-door direct transportation. This is the content of my third patent application.

[0073] In a broad sense, road-to-rail is an expansion and promotion of the traditional road-to-rail concept. It can provide multiple routes for road-to-rail, and it is a road-to-rail with fewer links and convenient door-to-door transportation. There is no need to move the goods from the car to the train, change the driver, or change the escort of the goods. The goods can be transported directly from the place of origin to the final destination, that is, door-to-door direct transportation is achieved; the distance between traditional train stations is quite far, and the road-to-rail car has to travel a long way to reach the nearest train station; while the side ridge road expands the total mileage of rail transit to more than ten times the total mileage of traditional railways, and the number of people entering and exiting the side ridge road is much shorter. The intersections are as dense as those entering and exiting the highway. Cars transferring from road to rail only need to travel a relatively short distance to reach the entrance or exit of the nearest side ridge road. In addition, vehicles entering and exiting traditional railways must report their applications to the railway management department in advance, wait for approval, and enter and exit the railway at designated times. The railway is quite rigid, as it only allows trains from a few units to use the railway, while side ridge cars are as flexible as cars on the highway. Side ridge cars belonging to different units can enter and exit the side ridge road at any time without prior reporting or waiting for approval.

[0074] The way to make the construction of side ridge roads effective and profitable early is to build side ridge roads in batches and steps. When starting to build side ridge roads, do not build them all over the country, but concentrate human, material and financial resources in one area. Then the side ridge roads built in this area can be completed quickly; the side ridge vehicle transportation in this area can also be promoted quickly, so that the benefits of road-to-rail energy conservation and reduced logistics costs can be seen soon. For example, we can first build side ridge roads in the Yangtze River Delta region and promote side ridge vehicles. The second step is to wait until the Yangtze River Delta region sees economic benefits and summarizes some experience, and then we will promote it in the Pearl River Delta region. In this way, we will gradually promote it until more road transportation in the country is transformed into energy-saving and emission-reducing rail transportation, thus realizing the broad sense of "road-to-rail".

[0075] Reduce the cost of the test: The track of the toy track electric car bought by children is connected by several wooden boards. If we change the left side of this track to have a side ridge and the right side to a flat side ridge-free track, then it will be transformed into a toy side ridge road; if the left wheel of the track electric car is changed to a wheel with a depression in the middle of its tread, and each row of axles is converted into a steering axle and equipped with a steering trapezoid, then the electric car is converted into a toy side ridge car; after that, we will use this modified toy side ridge car for some tests. If we equip the first row of axles with a steering wheel and the non-first row of axles with a straight-ahead controller, then the car is converted into a switchable side ridge car or an amphibious car, and we can also ask the toy factory master to help us make a toy side ridge car. We can also modify a medium-sized bus that is about to be scrapped and has only four wheels. All its wheels are replaced with steel wheels, and the steel wheel on the left side is a steel wheel with a depression in the middle of the tread. Each row of axles is changed to a steering axle and equipped with a steering trapezoid. Each row of wheels is changed to a steering knuckle, and the non-first row of wheels must be equipped with a straight-line controller. Finally, this bus is converted into a switchable side-ridge vehicle for testing; then a steel bar is welded on the left side of the thick steel plate as a side ridge, and several similar steel plates are used to splice a side ridge road; we then use this modified amphibious side ridge vehicle to conduct preliminary tests on the assembled side ridge road. This test is cheap and fast, and we can ask the master of the car modification factory to help. The wheelbase of a side-bank vehicle should preferably be the same as that of a medium-sized bus, because side-bank roads can be paved on highways, which have many bends. If the wheelbase of a side-bank vehicle is too narrow, it is easy to overturn, so the wheelbase of a side-bank vehicle should preferably be wider than that of a train.

[0076] Compared with traditional rail transit, the concept of rail transit is expanded and promoted: 1. Compared with traditional closed railways and subways, the side ridge road track is extended and open - extending to the highway, to the non-ridge road, and to the city, and its stations are dense and open. 2. Compared with the steering system of traditional trains, the turning radius of the side ridge car is small, that is, it can turn a curve with a small radius. The traditional railway is a double-track controlled steering, and the turning radius of the train controlled by the double track cannot be small; while the side ridge road is a single-track controlled steering, and the side ridge car controlled by the single track steering can use the steering system of a car that can turn a tight curve. 3. Cegang Road Street - There is a Cegang tourist vehicle community on Cegang Road Street, where there are professional households that repair Cegang vehicles, professional households that pull peddlers, professional households that rent Cegang vehicles, and people who use Cegang vehicles to transport goods. This type of street has the potential to develop into a transportation hub street and a prosperous commercial street because it has the advantage of reducing transportation costs; Cegang Road Street is generally built in towns close to Cegang Road, or near Cegang Road stations, or near Cegang Road entrances and exits. 4. The road-to-rail transition has expanded from the traditional one mode to multiple modes - such as the vehicle-mounted vehicle mode, the shared Cegang vehicle mode, and the amphibious vehicle mode with interchangeable steel wheels and rubber wheels. 5. Compared with traditional railway stations, side ridge roads absorb the advantages of various roads - imitating the high-speed roads with multiple entrances and exits to side ridge roads. There is no need to report to the road management unit for entrance and exit like entering and exiting the railway. These open intersections lay the foundation for the convenience of "road to rail". 6. After adding the function of replacing steel wheels, luxury cars become amphibious vehicles. When traveling long distances, it eliminates the defect of motion sickness and increases comfort, which makes luxury cars truly say goodbye to motion sickness and 100% luxury. Amphibious vehicles are suitable for both trucks and passenger cars, especially for cars.

Claims

1. A detachable vehicle, comprising a car or a part thereof and a sidecar or a part thereof, wherein: The side ridge vehicle is a steel wheel motor vehicle running on the side ridge road, including a vehicle body, a left wheel 9, and a right wheel 10. The side ridge vehicle can be a single-section side ridge vehicle or a multi-section side ridge vehicle. The side ridge road is a railroad composed of two left and right rails. The upper surface of the right rail 8 is flat, and there is an upwardly protruding ridge in the middle of the upper surface of the left rail 7, which is called the side ridge 14. The surface where the rail contacts the wheel is called the rail tread 5. The wheel tread of the left wheel 9 of the side ridge vehicle is There is an inwardly sunken notch 15 in the middle of the tread 6, and the tread 6 of the right wheel 10 is flat without the inwardly sunken notch; when the side ridge vehicle is traveling on the side ridge road matched with it, the inwardly sunken notch 15 in the middle of the tread of the left wheel of the side ridge vehicle just covers the side ridge 14 protruding upward in the middle of the left rail 7 of the side ridge road, and the right wheel 10 of the side ridge vehicle is just above the right rail 8 of the side ridge road, see Figures 2 and 3; We call the wheels of the above-mentioned side-ridge vehicle and the track of the side-ridge road a single-side track controlled steering device, see Figures 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, and 14, in which there are schematic diagrams of the track of the side-ridge road, the steel wheels of the side-ridge vehicle and related axles; it is characterized in that when one is selected from the car or its part, and another is selected from the side-ridge vehicle or its part, wherein the part of the side-ridge vehicle at least includes the steel wheels of the side-ridge vehicle, and when the selected two are combined together, the vehicle of this combination can use the steel wheels of the side-ridge vehicle to travel on the side-ridge road; in this combined vehicle, the car or its part is on the top, and the side-ridge vehicle or its part is on the bottom; when this combination is disassembled, the car and its part can be restored to the state of traveling on the road with rubber wheels; the side-ridge vehicle or its part can be restored to the state before the combination.

2. A detachable vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: For cars with a maximum of two rows of axles per section and single wheels on both sides of each row of axles, that is, each car has a maximum of 4 wheels, after removing its rubber wheels and replacing them with the steel wheels of the side-ridge car, the car can use the steel wheels of the side-ridge car to drive on the side-ridge road with side-ridges; when the steel wheels are removed and replaced with the rubber wheels of the car, the car can be restored to driving on the road with rubber wheels; we call the car after the rubber wheels are removed the part of the car, we call the steel wheels of the side-ridge car the part of the side-ridge car, and we call the combination of these two parts - the split vehicle a road-to-rail amphibious vehicle, or amphibious vehicle for short.

3. A combinable-disassembled vehicle according to claim 2, characterized in that: All wheels of the amphibious vehicle's car part should be equipped with steering knuckles, and each row of axles should be equipped with steering knuckles, and the steering is trapezoidal; the non-first row axles should be equipped with a straight controller 48, which is a device for locking straight travel; the axles used in the amphibious vehicle or its part include 3 types of axles, the first type is called an amphibious vehicle switchable steering axle, which is an axle placed on the first row of the first section of the vehicle, and its structure is the same as the switchable steering axle in the second background technology, and the graphics are also the same, see Figures 7 and 8; the second type is called an amphibious vehicle switchable steering drive axle , it is provided with a straight-moving controller, which is a device for locking the wheels to move straight. It serves as the second row of axles of the first car. It is structurally the same as the switchable steering drive axle in the second background technology, and the graphics are also consistent, see Figures 11 and 12; the third type is called an amphibious vehicle switchable axle, which has a device for locking straight-moving and a straight-moving controller. It is generally used as the axle of the second car. It is structurally the same as the switchable axle in the second background technology, and the graphics are also consistent, see Figures 9 and 10; the three types of axles of the above-mentioned amphibious vehicle parts are the same as the first The three types of axles with the same structure corresponding to the two background technologies have three differences, which are as follows:

1. The axles of the amphibious vehicle described in the present invention must be switched between steel wheels and rubber wheels when switching; 2. The roads that cause the two types of axles to switch are different. The axles of the amphibious vehicle described in the present invention switch between a side-ridge road with side ridges and a side-ridge road without side ridges, and also switch between a side-ridge road with side ridges and a highway; while the axles of the switchable side-ridge vehicle described in the second background technology do not switch between a side-ridge road with side ridges and a highway. That is to say, the switchable side-bank vehicle described in the second background technology cannot be driven on the road; 3. The three axles of the amphibious vehicle described in the present invention application are axles obtained by improving the two corresponding axles used by the car, that is to say, it is obtained by improving the axles of the car; and the axles of the switchable side-bank vehicle in the second background technology are improved on the basis of the two axles of the non-switchable side-bank vehicle in the second background technology, that is to say, it is obtained by improving the axles of the non-switchable side-bank vehicle.

4. The detachable vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: When a car drives onto the chassis of the side-ridge car, the energy on the chassis of the side-ridge car can be provided by the car on it, and the operating signals and instructions for the driving of the chassis of the side-ridge car can also be issued by the driver of the car on it. There are two main connections between the car and the chassis of the side-ridge car below it, one is the energy connection, and the other is the signal system connection. After the connection, various signals issued by the driver on the car can be transmitted; in this way, the driver on the car can drive this combined car on the side-ridge road; when the car is separated from the chassis of the side-ridge car and driven down from the chassis of the side-ridge car, the car can be restored to the state of driving on the road with rubber wheels; the chassis of the side-ridge car can be restored to its original state; we can call this combination-split car a road-to-rail shared side-ridge car, or shared side-ridge car for short.

5. The detachable vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: When a car is driven onto a side-ridge vehicle, or a car is pulled onto a side-ridge vehicle, the side-ridge vehicle can carry the car on the side-ridge road; when the car is driven off the side-ridge vehicle, the car can drive on the road with rubber wheels; the side-ridge vehicle can still drive on the side-ridge road; we call this combination-split vehicle a road-to-rail side-ridge vehicle-mounted vehicle, or a vehicle-mounted vehicle for short.

6. A combinable-disassembled vehicle according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that: The chassis of the side ridge vehicle under the shared side ridge vehicle has no cargo box and cab, and the side ridge vehicle under the vehicle-mounted vehicle has a cab. The upper parts of them are equipped with devices similar to those of an integral flatbed tow truck or a disconnected flatbed tow truck, including: a subframe, a hydraulic cylinder, a flatbed, a supporting arm, and a winch. It has functions similar to those of an integral flatbed tow truck or a disconnected flatbed tow truck, that is, the car can be moved from the back of the side ridge vehicle or the chassis of the side ridge vehicle along the flatbed Drive onto the side-ridge vehicle or the chassis of the side-ridge vehicle. If the car cannot be driven up, a winch can be used to assist. The winch is a hydraulically driven mechanism that can lift the car through a wire rope; that is, this device can enable the car to be driven from the back of the side-ridge vehicle or the chassis of the side-ridge vehicle onto the side-ridge vehicle or the chassis of the side-ridge vehicle, or the winch can be used to pull the car onto the side-ridge vehicle or the chassis of the side-ridge vehicle, and finally the side-ridge vehicle or the chassis of the side-ridge vehicle can be used to carry the car on the side-ridge road, as shown in Figure 15.

7. A combinable-disassembled vehicle according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that: The chassis of the side ridge vehicle is a chassis without a cargo box, and a slewing device is installed on it, including: a cab, an engine, a slewing bearing, a slewing platform, and a chassis frame; the function of this slewing device is that when the car is driven from the high platform on the side of the side ridge vehicle, or from the shelf on the side of the side ridge vehicle to the slewing device on the chassis of the side ridge vehicle, the slewing device is first rotated about 90 degrees, so that its tail is aligned with the car to be driven onto the slewing device, and then the car is driven onto the slewing device, and then the slewing device is rotated again Go back and make the car face forward, so that the side-ridge vehicle can carry the car and drive on the side-ridge road; when reaching the destination, the side-ridge vehicle will park the car on a high platform or a high-lift bracket on the side, and the rotating device will rotate about 90 degrees to make the front of the car face the high platform or the raised bracket, and the car can be driven down from the rotating device of the side-ridge vehicle. After driving down, the car can be driven on the road; after the side-ridge vehicle rotates the rotating device back, it can also drive on the side-ridge road, as shown in Figure 16.

8. A platform for assisting the assembly and disassembly of the assembling and disassembling vehicle according to claim 1, comprising the platform and a ramp for the vehicle to drive onto the platform from below, characterized in that: It is located on the side of the side ridge road or behind the side ridge road. The height of the platform requires that the car can drive from the platform to the side ridge car or from the side ridge car to the platform; the length and width of the platform should be large enough to accommodate cars that can be placed between the platform and the side ridge car and drive up and down.

9. A bracket for assisting the assembly and disassembly of the assembling and disassembling vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bracket can bear the weight of the car that drives up and down between the bracket and the side-sill vehicle or the chassis of the side-sill vehicle, and the length and width of the bracket can accommodate the car that drives up and down between the bracket and the side-sill vehicle or the chassis of the side-sill vehicle; the bracket can add or remove the lifting function, for example, some brackets with slopes do not need the lifting function; when the bracket is lowered, the car can be driven from the ground to the bracket, or from the bracket to the ground; when the bracket is raised, the car can be driven from the bracket to the side-sill vehicle or to the chassis of the side-sill vehicle, and can also be driven from the side-sill vehicle or from the chassis of the side-sill vehicle to the bracket; the bracket can add or remove the moving function, for example, it can be moved by adding wheels underneath; the bracket can add or remove the ramp device, after the ramp device is added, the car can be driven from the slope to the bracket, and can also be driven down from the bracket through the slope.

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