Fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck chassis arrangement mode and gas carrying capacity calculation method

Abstract

The invention relates to a fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck chassis arrangement mode and a gas carrying capacity calculation method, a hydrogen source of a fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck comprises a first hydrogen source and a second hydrogen source, the first hydrogen source is a small-volume hydrogen source, and the first hydrogen source is arranged in the middle of a semi-trailer head frame; the second hydrogen source is a large-volume hydrogen source, and the second hydrogen source is arranged in the middle of the semi-trailer container frame; and the hydrogen mass of the second hydrogen source is determined according to the loading capacity of the semi-trailer container. The second hydrogen source is designed to be a large-volume gas source, and the hydrogen mass of the second hydrogen source is determined according to the loading capacity of the container, so that on one hand, the arrangement space of the semi-trailer container can be fully utilized; on one hand, the quality of the hydrogen source can be adaptively selected, so that the problem of hydrogen consumption rise caused by excessive hydrogen carrying or the problem of insufficient endurance of the truck caused by too little hydrogen carrying is avoided, and the hydrogen utilization efficiency of the whole truck is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of fuel cells, and in particular to a chassis layout mode of a fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck and a method for calculating a gas carrying capacity. Background Art

[0002] In the prior art, the chassis layout of fuel cell semi-trailer heavy trucks generally arranges the hydrogen gas source at the front of the vehicle, behind the cab, or externally mounted on both sides of the vehicle body. The above arrangement, on the one hand, arranges all hydrogen gas sources at the front of the vehicle, which greatly wastes the arrangement space, and when the front of the vehicle is not mounted with a cargo box, it adds unnecessary weight, thereby increasing the hydrogen consumption; on the other hand, due to the limited space at the front of the vehicle, the hydrogen capacity arrangement is also limited, thereby limiting the endurance of the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck. As for the arrangement of hydrogen cylinders externally mounted on the vehicle body, there are safety hazards. First, the external placement of hydrogen sources is prone to hydrogen leakage or even explosion in the event of a traffic accident. In addition, the external mounting of hydrogen cylinders causes the vehicle's center of mass to deviate from the vehicle's symmetry plane, or the increase in the center of mass causes the vehicle's driving stability.

[0003] In addition, in the existing technology, the total amount of hydrogen source in the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck is fixed, but the weight of the cargo in different cargo boxes is inconsistent. Carrying a fixed gas source on the front of the vehicle can easily lead to insufficient endurance or reduced hydrogen utilization. Under the current limit on the number of hydrogen refueling stations, it may cause the vehicle to have insufficient endurance due to long mileage, or hydrogen consumption due to short mileage. The hydrogen load is fixed, and it is impossible to find the optimal hydrogen load between endurance and efficiency.

[0004] Therefore, it is urgent to design a chassis layout method and a gas carrying capacity calculation method for a fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention provides a fuel cell semi-trailer heavy-duty truck chassis layout and a gas carrying capacity calculation method, with the aim of optimizing the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy-duty truck chassis layout and selecting an appropriate one according to the different cargo boxes of the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy-duty truck while ensuring safety.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck chassis arrangement, the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck's hydrogen source comprises a first hydrogen source and a second hydrogen source, the first hydrogen source is a small-volume hydrogen source, the first hydrogen source is arranged in the middle of the semi-trailer head frame; the second hydrogen source is a large-volume hydrogen source, the second hydrogen source is arranged in the middle of the semi-trailer cargo box frame; and the hydrogen quality of the second hydrogen source is determined according to the semi-trailer cargo box load;

[0008] The fuel cell hydrogen circuit subsystem of the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck includes a first hydrogen source, a second hydrogen source, a first hand valve, a second hand valve, a four-way joint, a pressure relief and inflation hand valve, a third hand valve, a fourth hand valve, a hydrogen high-pressure assembly, an ejector, a gas-water separator and a tail exhaust solenoid valve. The downstream of the first hydrogen source is connected to the first hand valve, and the downstream of the first hand valve is connected to the first interface of the four-way joint; the downstream of the second hydrogen source is connected to the second hand valve and the fourth hand valve in sequence, and the downstream of the fourth hand valve is connected to the second interface of the four-way joint; the third interface of the four-way joint is connected to the pressure relief and inflation hand valve; the fourth interface of the four-way joint is connected to the third hand valve, the hydrogen high-pressure assembly and the ejector in sequence, the ejector is connected to the anode inlet of the fuel cell, the anode outlet of the fuel cell is connected to the gas-water separator, the gas outlet of the gas-water separator is connected to the ejector, and the liquid outlet of the gas-water separator is connected to the tail exhaust solenoid valve.

[0009] Furthermore, the fuel cell of the fuel cell heavy-duty semi-trailer truck is arranged at the lower end of the cab of the semi-trailer head, and the storage battery of the fuel cell heavy-duty semi-trailer truck is arranged at the front end of the semi-trailer head.

[0010] Furthermore, when the semi-trailer head of the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck is mounted with the semi-trailer cargo box, the first hand valve and the third hand valve are closed first; the pressure relief and inflation hand valve is briefly opened to relieve the pressure, and then the pressure relief and inflation hand valve is closed; then the second hand valve downstream of the second hydrogen source is connected to the fourth hand valve, and after opening the second hand valve and the fourth hand valve, the pressure relief and inflation hand valve is briefly opened to discharge the air entering the pipeline, and then the pressure relief and inflation hand valve is immediately closed; finally, the first hand valve and the third hand valve are opened to complete the connection of the second hydrogen source in the fuel cell hydrogen circuit subsystem.

[0011] Furthermore, when the semitrailer front of the fuel cell semitrailer heavy truck is unloaded from the semitrailer cargo box, the first hand valve, the second hand valve and the third hand valve are closed, the pressure relief and inflation hand valve is opened to complete the pressure relief, and then the pressure relief and inflation hand valve and the fourth hand valve are closed; the second hand valve is disconnected from the fourth hand valve, the first hand valve is opened, the pressure relief and inflation hand valve is briefly opened to complete the discharge of air, and then the pressure relief and inflation hand valve is closed; the third hand valve is opened to complete the disconnection of the second hydrogen source in the fuel cell hydrogen circuit subsystem.

[0012] The present invention also provides a method for calculating the gas carrying capacity based on the above-mentioned fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck chassis arrangement mode, and the hydrogen quality of the second hydrogen source is determined according to the semi-trailer cargo box load, as follows:

[0013] S1. Determine the mass m2_H2 of the second hydrogen source;

[0014] S2. Determine the number n of gas cylinders that the semi-trailer needs to carry based on the mass m2_H2 of the second hydrogen source and the selected gas cylinder parameters of the second hydrogen source.

[0015] Furthermore, the S1 determines the mass m2_H2 of the second hydrogen source as follows:

[0016] S1-1. Determine the relationship between the total actual hydrogen consumption M of the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck and the fuel cell stack operating current I(P(T)); specifically as follows:

[0017] The total actual consumption M of hydrogen for a fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck is calculated by the following formula:

[0018] M = M_d / α (1);

[0019] Where α is the fuel utilization rate, usually 0.96; M_d is the total theoretical consumption of hydrogen by a fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck, and M_d is calculated by the following formula:

[0020] M_d=d / d_clc*M_gas (2);

[0021] Where, d is the total driving distance of the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck; d_clc is the driving distance under a standard working condition; M_gas is the theoretical hydrogen consumption under a standard working condition;

[0022] The driving distance d_clc under a standard condition is calculated by the following formula:

[0023]

[0024] Wherein, V(T) is the relationship between the speed V and the time T of the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck. According to the standard operating condition diagram of the semi-trailer truck, the duration of the standard operating condition is 1800s, and the relationship between the speed V and the time T of the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck V(T) is determined;

[0025] The theoretical hydrogen consumption M_gas under a standard working condition is calculated by the following formula:

[0026]

[0027] Where m_gas(T) is the mass flow rate of hydrogen consumed by the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck, and m_gas(T) is calculated by the following formula:

[0028] m_gas(T)=I(P(T))*n / f (5);

[0029] Where n is the number of cells in the stack; f is the Faraday constant; I(P(T)) is the operating current of the fuel cell stack;

[0030] S1-2. Determine the fuel cell system output power P(T) of the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck as follows:

[0031] The fuel cell system output power P(T) of a fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck is calculated by the following formula:

[0032] P(T) = W_V(T) / T (6);

[0033] Where W_V(T) is the total power consumed by the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck during operation. W_V(T) is calculated by the following formula:

[0034] W_V(T)=W_mov(T)+P_ac*T (7);

[0035] Where P_ac is the air conditioning power, which is determined by the vehicle air conditioning model and is a known quantity; W_mov(T) is the work done by the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck during operation, and W_mov(T) is calculated by the following formula:

[0036] W_mov(T)=F(T)*V(T)*T (8);

[0037] Where F(T) is the resultant force on the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck during operation. F(T) is calculated by the following formula:

[0038] F(T)=F_mov(T)+F_w(T)+F_f (9);

[0039] Where, F_mov(T) is the traction force of the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck when running, F_w(T) is the air resistance of the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck when running, and F_f is the rolling resistance of the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck when running;

[0040] S1-3. According to the fuel cell system output power P(T) of the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck, the fuel cell stack operating current I(P(T)) is obtained by the polarization curve;

[0041] S1-4. Substitute I(P(T)) obtained in step S1-3 into step S1-1 to calculate the relationship between the total actual hydrogen consumption M of the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck and the mass m2_H2 of the second hydrogen source.

[0042] Furthermore, in step S1-2, the traction force F_mov(T) of the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck during operation is calculated by the following formula:

[0043] F_mov(T)=a(T)*m (10);

[0044] Where a(T) is the acceleration of the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck; m is the mass of the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck;

[0045] The acceleration a(T) of the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck is calculated by the following formula:

[0046] a(T) = V'(T) (11);

[0047] The mass m of the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck is calculated by the following formula:

[0048] m=m_f+m_p+m_r+m1_H2+m2_H2 (12);

[0049] In the formula, m_f is the mass of the semi-trailer head minus the first hydrogen source, which is a known quantity; m_p is the mass of the personnel, which is a known quantity; m_r is the mass of the semi-trailer cargo box minus the second hydrogen source, which is a known quantity; m1_H2 is the mass of the first hydrogen source, which is a known quantity; m2_H2 is the mass of the second hydrogen source.

[0050] Furthermore, in step S1-2, the air resistance F_w(T) of the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck during operation is calculated by the following formula:

[0051] F_w(T)=1 / 2*ρ_air*V(T) 2 *S*Cd (13);

[0052] Wherein, ρ_air is the air density, which is a known quantity; S is the windward area of ​​the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck, which is a known quantity; Cd is the drag coefficient of the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck, which is a known quantity.

[0053] Furthermore, in step S1-2, the rolling resistance F_f of the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck during operation is calculated by the following formula:

[0054] F_f=m*g*Cp (14);

[0055] Where m is the mass of the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck; g is the acceleration of gravity; Cp is the rolling resistance coefficient, which is a known quantity.

[0056] Furthermore, the step S2 determines the number n of gas cylinders that the semi-trailer needs to carry according to the mass m2_H2 of the second hydrogen source and the gas cylinder parameters of the selected second hydrogen source, as follows:

[0057] The gas cylinder parameters of the second hydrogen source include the gas cylinder mass m1 and the mass of hydrogen that can be loaded into a single gas cylinder m2;

[0058] m2*n>M (15);

[0059] In the formula, the number of gas cylinders n is the smallest integer.

[0060] m2_H2 = (m1+m2)*n (16);

[0061] Substitute the relationship between the total actual hydrogen consumption M of the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck obtained in step S1 and the mass m2_H2 of the second hydrogen source into formula (15) and formula (16) to calculate the number n of gas cylinders that the semi-trailer cargo box needs to carry.

[0062] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0063] (1) By designing the hydrogen source of the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy-duty truck to be two parts, the first hydrogen source and the second hydrogen source, with the first hydrogen source located in the front of the semi-trailer and the second hydrogen source located in the semi-trailer cargo box, when the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy-duty truck is running without a cargo box, the operating hydrogen consumption is low, and at this time, the small-volume first hydrogen source can meet the operating requirements; when the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy-duty truck is running with a cargo box, the operating hydrogen consumption increases, and at this time, the second hydrogen source in the semi-trailer cargo box and the first hydrogen source can meet the operating requirements together, thereby reducing hydrogen consumption as much as possible.

[0064] (2) By designing the first hydrogen source as a small-volume gas source, it is convenient to arrange it in the limited space of the semi-trailer head. The volume of the semi-trailer cargo box is usually positively correlated with its maximum load capacity. The larger the maximum load capacity, the larger the volume of the semi-trailer cargo box, and the longer the length of the semi-trailer cargo box. By designing the second hydrogen source as a large-volume gas source, and the hydrogen quality of the second hydrogen source is determined according to the cargo box load capacity, on the one hand, the layout space of the semi-trailer cargo box can be fully utilized; on the other hand, the quality of the hydrogen source can be adaptively selected, thereby avoiding the problem of increased hydrogen consumption due to excessive hydrogen carrying or insufficient truck endurance due to insufficient hydrogen carrying, thereby improving the hydrogen utilization efficiency of the entire vehicle.

[0065] (3) According to the load capacity of the semi-trailer cargo box, the number of gas cylinders of the second hydrogen source of the semi-trailer cargo box is determined by calculation, and an appropriate number of hydrogen gas cylinders are installed in the semi-trailer cargo box frame to ensure that the vehicle maintains a higher operating efficiency while ensuring the vehicle's endurance.

[0066] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in the following description, and partly become obvious from the description, or be understood by implementing the present invention. The purpose and other advantages of the present invention can be realized and obtained by the structures pointed out in the description and the drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0067] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0068] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the chassis layout structure of a semitrailer head frame of a fuel cell semitrailer heavy truck according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0069] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the chassis layout structure of a semi-trailer cargo box frame of a fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0070] Figure 3A schematic diagram showing the structure of a fuel cell hydrogen circuit subsystem of a fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0071] Figure 4 A standard operating condition diagram of a semi-trailer truck according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0072] In the figure: 1. semi-trailer front frame; 2. battery; 3. fuel cell; 4. first hydrogen source; 5. semi-trailer cargo box frame; 6. second hydrogen source; 7. first manual valve; 8. four-way connector; 9. second manual valve; 10. pressure relief and inflation manual valve; 11. third manual valve; 12. hydrogen high-pressure assembly; 13. ejector; 14. gas-water separator; 15. tail exhaust solenoid valve; 16. fourth manual valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0073] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0074] The embodiment of the present invention proposes a chassis arrangement method for a fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck, as shown in the attached Figure 1-3 As shown, the hydrogen source of the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck includes a first hydrogen source 4 and a second hydrogen source 6, wherein the first hydrogen source 4 is a small-volume hydrogen source, and the first hydrogen source 4 is arranged in the middle of the semi-trailer head frame 1; the second hydrogen source 6 is a large-volume hydrogen source, and the second hydrogen source 6 is arranged in the middle of the semi-trailer cargo box frame 5; and the hydrogen quality of the second hydrogen source 6 is determined according to the load capacity of the semi-trailer cargo box;

[0075] The fuel cell hydrogen circuit subsystem of the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck comprises a first hydrogen source 4, a second hydrogen source 6, a first hand valve 7, a second hand valve 9, a four-way joint 8, a pressure relief and inflation hand valve 10, a third hand valve 11, a fourth hand valve 16, a hydrogen high-pressure component 12, an ejector 13, a gas-water separator 14 and a tail exhaust solenoid valve 15. The first hand valve 7 is connected downstream of the first hydrogen source 4, and the first hand valve 7 is connected downstream of the first hand valve 7 to the first interface of the four-way joint 8; the second hand valve 9 and the fourth hand valve 16 are connected downstream of the second hydrogen source 6 in sequence. The manual valve 16, the downstream of the fourth manual valve 16 is connected to the second interface of the four-way joint 8; the third interface of the four-way joint 8 is connected to the pressure relief and inflation manual valve 10; the fourth interface of the four-way joint 8 is connected to the third manual valve 11, the hydrogen high-pressure component 12 and the ejector 13 in sequence, the ejector 13 is connected to the anode inlet of the fuel cell 3, the anode outlet of the fuel cell 3 is connected to the gas-water separator 14, the gas outlet of the gas-water separator 14 is connected to the ejector 13, and the liquid outlet of the gas-water separator 14 is connected to the tail exhaust solenoid valve 15.

[0076] By designing the hydrogen source of the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy-duty truck to be two parts, a first hydrogen source and a second hydrogen source, with the first hydrogen source located in the front of the semi-trailer and the second hydrogen source located in the semi-trailer cargo box, when the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy-duty truck is running without a cargo box, the operating hydrogen consumption is low, and at this time, the small-volume first hydrogen source can meet the operating requirements; when the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy-duty truck is running with a cargo box, the operating hydrogen consumption increases, and at this time, the second hydrogen source in the semi-trailer cargo box meets the operating requirements together with the first hydrogen source, thereby reducing hydrogen consumption as much as possible.

[0077] By designing the first hydrogen source as a small-volume gas source, it is convenient to arrange it in the limited space of the front of a semi-trailer. The volume of the semi-trailer cargo box is usually positively correlated with its maximum load capacity. The larger the maximum load capacity, the larger the volume of the semi-trailer cargo box, and the longer the length of the semi-trailer cargo box. By designing the second hydrogen source as a large-volume gas source and determining the hydrogen quality of the second hydrogen source according to the cargo box load capacity, on the one hand, the layout space of the semi-trailer cargo box can be fully utilized; on the other hand, the quality of the hydrogen source can be adaptively selected to avoid the problem of increased hydrogen consumption due to excessive hydrogen carrying, or insufficient truck endurance due to insufficient hydrogen carrying, thereby improving the hydrogen utilization efficiency of the entire vehicle.

[0078] The fuel cell 3 of the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck is arranged at the lower end of the semi-trailer cab to avoid hydrogen leakage caused by damage to the fuel cell body when an accident occurs, thereby avoiding secondary accidents; the battery 2 of the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck is arranged at the front end of the semi-trailer to make full use of the airflow generated by the vehicle operation to enhance the heat dissipation of the battery.

[0079] When the semitrailer head of the fuel cell semitrailer heavy truck is mounted with a semitrailer cargo box, the first hand valve 7 and the third hand valve 11 are closed first; the pressure relief and inflation hand valve 10 is briefly opened to relieve pressure, and then the pressure relief and inflation hand valve 10 is closed; then the second hand valve 9 downstream of the second hydrogen source 6 is connected to the fourth hand valve 16, and after opening the second hand valve 8 and the fourth hand valve 16, the pressure relief and inflation hand valve 10 is briefly opened to discharge the air entering the pipeline, and then the pressure relief and inflation hand valve 10 is immediately closed; finally, the first hand valve 7 and the third hand valve 9 are opened to complete the connection of the second hydrogen source 6 in the fuel cell hydrogen path subsystem.

[0080] When the semitrailer front of the fuel cell semitrailer heavy truck is unloaded from the semitrailer cargo box, the first hand valve 7, the second hand valve 9 and the third hand valve 11 are closed, and the pressure relief and inflation hand valve 10 is opened to complete the pressure relief, and then the pressure relief and inflation hand valve 10 and the fourth hand valve 16 are closed; the second hand valve 9 is disconnected from the fourth hand valve 16, the first hand valve 7 is opened, the pressure relief and inflation hand valve 10 is briefly opened to complete the discharge of air, and then the pressure relief and inflation hand valve 10 is closed; the third hand valve 11 is opened to complete the disconnection of the second hydrogen source 6 in the fuel cell hydrogen circuit subsystem.

[0081] When the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck needs to be inflated, the first manual valve 7 is opened to inflate the first hydrogen source 4 , or the second manual valve 9 is opened to inflate the second hydrogen source 6 .

[0082] The present invention also provides a method for calculating the gas load based on the chassis layout of a fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck. The hydrogen mass of the second hydrogen source 6 is determined according to the load capacity of the semi-trailer cargo box, as follows:

[0083] S1. Determine the mass m2_H2 of the second hydrogen source;

[0084] S2. Determine the number n of gas cylinders that the semi-trailer needs to carry based on the mass m2_H2 of the second hydrogen source and the selected gas cylinder parameters of the second hydrogen source.

[0085] The step S1 determines the mass m2_H2 of the second hydrogen source as follows:

[0086] S1-1. Determine the relationship between the total actual hydrogen consumption M of the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck and the fuel cell stack operating current I(P(T)); specifically as follows:

[0087] The total actual consumption M of hydrogen for a fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck is calculated by the following formula:

[0088] M = M_d / α (1);

[0089] Where α is the fuel utilization rate, usually 0.96; M_d is the total theoretical consumption of hydrogen by a fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck, and M_d is calculated by the following formula:

[0090] M_d=d / d_clc*M_gas (2);

[0091] Where, d is the total driving distance of the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck; d_clc is the driving distance under a standard working condition; M_gas is the theoretical hydrogen consumption under a standard working condition;

[0092] The driving distance d_clc under a standard condition is calculated by the following formula:

[0093]

[0094] Where V(T) is the relationship between the speed V and time T of the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck. According to the standard operating condition diagram of the semi-trailer truck, Figure 4 As shown, the duration of the standard operating condition is 1800s, and the relationship between the speed V and the time T of the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck is determined. V(T);

[0095] The theoretical hydrogen consumption M_gas under a standard working condition is calculated by the following formula:

[0096]

[0097] Where m_gas(T) is the mass flow rate of hydrogen consumed by the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck, and m_gas(T) is calculated by the following formula:

[0098] m_gas(T)=I(P(T))*n / f (5);

[0099] Where n is the number of cells in the stack; f is the Faraday constant; I(P(T)) is the operating current of the fuel cell stack;

[0100] S1-2. Determine the fuel cell system output power P(T) of the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck as follows:

[0101] The fuel cell system output power P(T) of a fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck is calculated by the following formula:

[0102] P(T) = W_V(T) / T (6);

[0103] Where W_V(T) is the total power consumed by the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck during operation. W_V(T) is calculated by the following formula:

[0104] W_V(T)=W_mov(T)+P_ac*T (7);

[0105] Where P_ac is the air conditioning power, which is determined by the vehicle air conditioning model and is a known quantity; W_mov(T) is the work done by the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck during operation, and W_mov(T) is calculated by the following formula:

[0106] W_mov(T)=F(T)*V(T)*T (8);

[0107] Where F(T) is the resultant force on the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck during operation. F(T) is calculated by the following formula:

[0108] F(T)=F_mov(T)+F_w(T)+F_f (9);

[0109] Where, F_mov(T) is the traction force of the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck when running, F_w(T) is the air resistance of the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck when running, and F_f is the rolling resistance of the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck when running;

[0110] S1-3. According to the fuel cell system output power P(T) of the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck, the fuel cell stack operating current I(P(T)) is obtained by the polarization curve;

[0111] S1-4. Substitute I(P(T)) obtained in step S1-3 into step S1-1 to calculate the relationship between the total actual hydrogen consumption M of the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck and the mass m2_H2 of the second hydrogen source.

[0112] The specific calculation of each component force of the resultant force F(T) received by the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck during operation in step S1-2 is as follows:

[0113] The traction force F_mov(T) of the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck during operation is calculated by the following formula:

[0114] F_mov(T)=a(T)*m (10);

[0115] Where a(T) is the acceleration of the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck; m is the mass of the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck;

[0116] The acceleration a(T) of the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck is calculated by the following formula:

[0117] a(T) = V'(T) (11);

[0118] The mass m of the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck is calculated by the following formula:

[0119] m=m_f+m_p+m_r+m1_H2+m2_H2 (12);

[0120] In the formula, m_f is the mass of the semi-trailer head minus the first hydrogen source, which is a known quantity; m_p is the mass of the personnel, which is a known quantity; m_r is the mass of the semi-trailer cargo box minus the second hydrogen source, which is a known quantity; m1_H2 is the mass of the first hydrogen source, which is a known quantity; m2_H2 is the mass of the second hydrogen source;

[0121] The air resistance F_w(T) of the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck during operation is calculated by the following formula:

[0122] F_w(T)=1 / 2*ρ_air*V(T) 2 *S*Cd (13);

[0123] Where, ρ_air is the air density, which is a known quantity; S is the windward area of ​​the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck, which is a known quantity; Cd is the drag coefficient of the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck, which is a known quantity;

[0124] The rolling resistance F_f of the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck during operation is calculated by the following formula:

[0125] F_f=m*g*Cp (14);

[0126] Where m is the mass of the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck; g is the acceleration of gravity; Cp is the rolling resistance coefficient, which is a known quantity.

[0127] The step S2 determines the number n of gas cylinders that the semi-trailer needs to carry according to the mass m2_H2 of the second hydrogen source and the selected gas cylinder parameters of the second hydrogen source, as follows:

[0128] The gas cylinder parameters of the second hydrogen source include the gas cylinder mass m1 and the mass of hydrogen that can be loaded into a single gas cylinder m2;

[0129] m2*n>M (15);

[0130] In the formula, the number of gas cylinders n is the smallest integer.

[0131] m2_H2 = (m1+m2)*n (16);

[0132] Substitute the relationship between the total actual hydrogen consumption M of the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck obtained in step S1 and the mass m2_H2 of the second hydrogen source into formula (15) and formula (16) to calculate the number n of gas cylinders that the semi-trailer cargo box needs to carry.

[0133] According to the load capacity of the semi-trailer cargo box, the number of gas cylinders of the second hydrogen source of the semi-trailer cargo box is determined by calculation, and an appropriate number of hydrogen gas cylinders are installed in the semi-trailer cargo box frame to ensure that the vehicle maintains a higher operating efficiency while ensuring the vehicle's endurance.

[0134] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein; and these modifications or substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A chassis layout of a fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck, characterized in that: The hydrogen source of the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck includes a first hydrogen source and a second hydrogen source, wherein the first hydrogen source is a small-volume hydrogen source, and the first hydrogen source is arranged in the middle of the semi-trailer front frame; the second hydrogen source is a large-volume hydrogen source, and the second hydrogen source is arranged in the middle of the semi-trailer cargo box frame; and the hydrogen quality of the second hydrogen source is determined according to the load capacity of the semi-trailer cargo box; The fuel cell hydrogen circuit subsystem of the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck includes a first hydrogen source, a second hydrogen source, a first hand valve, a second hand valve, a four-way joint, a pressure relief and inflation hand valve, a third hand valve, a fourth hand valve, a hydrogen high-pressure assembly, an ejector, a gas-water separator and a tail exhaust solenoid valve. The downstream of the first hydrogen source is connected to the first hand valve, and the downstream of the first hand valve is connected to the first interface of the four-way joint; the downstream of the second hydrogen source is connected to the second hand valve and the fourth hand valve in sequence, and the downstream of the fourth hand valve is connected to the second interface of the four-way joint; the third interface of the four-way joint is connected to the pressure relief and inflation hand valve; the fourth interface of the four-way joint is connected to the third hand valve, the hydrogen high-pressure assembly and the ejector in sequence, the ejector is connected to the anode inlet of the fuel cell, the anode outlet of the fuel cell is connected to the gas-water separator, the gas outlet of the gas-water separator is connected to the ejector, and the liquid outlet of the gas-water separator is connected to the tail exhaust solenoid valve.

2. The chassis arrangement of a fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fuel cell of the fuel cell heavy-duty semi-trailer truck is arranged at the lower end of the cab of the semi-trailer head, and the storage battery of the fuel cell heavy-duty semi-trailer truck is arranged at the front end of the semi-trailer head.

3. The chassis arrangement of a fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck according to claim 1 is characterized in that: When the semitrailer head of the fuel cell semitrailer heavy truck is mounted with the semitrailer cargo box, the first hand valve and the third hand valve are closed first; the pressure relief and inflation hand valve is briefly opened to relieve the pressure, and then the pressure relief and inflation hand valve is closed; then the second hand valve downstream of the second hydrogen source is connected to the fourth hand valve, and after opening the second hand valve and the fourth hand valve, the pressure relief and inflation hand valve is briefly opened to discharge the air entering the pipeline, and then the pressure relief and inflation hand valve is immediately closed; finally, the first hand valve and the third hand valve are opened to complete the connection of the second hydrogen source in the fuel cell hydrogen path subsystem.

4. The chassis arrangement of a fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that: When the semitrailer front of the fuel cell semitrailer heavy truck is unloaded from the semitrailer cargo box, the first hand valve, the second hand valve and the third hand valve are closed, the pressure relief and inflation hand valve is opened to complete the pressure relief, and then the pressure relief and inflation hand valve and the fourth hand valve are closed; the second hand valve is disconnected from the fourth hand valve, the first hand valve is opened, the pressure relief and inflation hand valve is briefly opened to complete the discharge of air, and then the pressure relief and inflation hand valve is closed; the third hand valve is opened to complete the disconnection of the second hydrogen source in the fuel cell hydrogen circuit subsystem.

5. A method for calculating the amount of gas carried based on the chassis arrangement of a fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The quality of hydrogen from the second hydrogen source is determined according to the load capacity of the semi-trailer cargo box, as follows: S1. Determine the mass m2_H2 of the second hydrogen source; S2. Determine the number n of gas cylinders that the semi-trailer needs to carry based on the mass m2_H2 of the second hydrogen source and the selected gas cylinder parameters of the second hydrogen source.

6. The method for calculating the amount of gas carried by a fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck chassis arrangement according to claim 5, characterized in that: The S1 determines the mass m2_H2 of the second hydrogen source as follows: S1-1. Determine the relationship between the total actual hydrogen consumption M of the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck and the fuel cell stack operating current I(P(T)); specifically as follows: The total actual consumption M of hydrogen for a fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck is calculated by the following formula: M = M_d / α (1); Where α is the fuel utilization rate, usually 0.96; M_d is the total theoretical consumption of hydrogen by a fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck, and M_d is calculated by the following formula: M_d=d / d_clc*M_gas (2); Where, d is the total driving distance of the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck; d_clc is the driving distance under a standard working condition; M_gas is the theoretical hydrogen consumption under a standard working condition; The driving distance d_clc under a standard condition is calculated by the following formula: Wherein, V(T) is the relationship between the speed V and the time T of the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck. According to the standard operating condition diagram of the semi-trailer truck, the duration of the standard operating condition is 1800s, and the relationship between the speed V and the time T of the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck V(T) is determined; The theoretical hydrogen consumption M_gas under a standard working condition is calculated by the following formula: Where m_gas(T) is the mass flow rate of hydrogen consumed by the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck, and m_gas(T) is calculated by the following formula: m_gas(T)=I(P(T))*n / f (5); Where n is the number of cells in the stack; f is the Faraday constant; I(P(T)) is the operating current of the fuel cell stack; S1-2. Determine the fuel cell system output power P(T) of the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck as follows: The fuel cell system output power P(T) of a fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck is calculated by the following formula: P(T) = W_V(T) / T (6); Where W_V(T) is the total power consumed by the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck during operation. W_V(T) is calculated by the following formula: W_V(T)=W_mov(T)+P_ac*T (7); Where P_ac is the air conditioning power, which is determined by the vehicle air conditioning model and is a known quantity; W_mov(T) is the work done by the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck during operation, and W_mov(T) is calculated by the following formula: W_mov(T)=F(T)*V(T)*T (8); Where F(T) is the resultant force on the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck during operation. F(T) is calculated by the following formula: F(T)=F_mov(T)+F_w(T)+F_f (9); Where, F_mov(T) is the traction force of the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck when running, F_w(T) is the air resistance of the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck when running, and F_f is the rolling resistance of the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck when running; S1-3. According to the fuel cell system output power P(T) of the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck, the fuel cell stack operating current I(P(T)) is obtained by the polarization curve; S1-4. Substitute I(P(T)) obtained in step S1-3 into step S1-1 to calculate the relationship between the total actual hydrogen consumption M of the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck and the mass m2_H2 of the second hydrogen source.

7. The method for calculating the amount of gas carried by a fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck chassis arrangement according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step S1-2, the traction force F_mov(T) of the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck during operation is calculated by the following formula: F_mov(T)=a(T)*m (10); Where a(T) is the acceleration of the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck; m is the mass of the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck; The acceleration a(T) of the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck is calculated by the following formula: a(T) = V'(T) (11); The mass m of the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck is calculated by the following formula: m=m_f+m_p+m_r+m1_H2+m2_H2 (12); In the formula, m_f is the mass of the semi-trailer head minus the first hydrogen source, which is a known quantity; m_p is the mass of the personnel, which is a known quantity; m_r is the mass of the semi-trailer cargo box minus the second hydrogen source, which is a known quantity; m1_H2 is the mass of the first hydrogen source, which is a known quantity; m2_H2 is the mass of the second hydrogen source.

8. The method for calculating the amount of gas carried by a fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck chassis arrangement according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step S1-2, the air resistance F_w(T) of the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck during operation is calculated by the following formula: F_w(T)=1 / 2*ρ_air*V(T) 2 *S*Cd (13); Wherein, ρ_air is the air density, which is a known quantity; S is the windward area of ​​the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck, which is a known quantity; Cd is the drag coefficient of the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck, which is a known quantity.

9. The method for calculating the amount of gas carried by a fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck chassis arrangement according to claim 8, characterized in that: In step S1-2, the rolling resistance F_f of the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck during operation is calculated by the following formula: F_f=m*g*Cp (14); Where m is the mass of the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck; g is the acceleration of gravity; Cp is the rolling resistance coefficient, which is a known quantity.

10. The method for calculating the amount of gas carried by a fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck chassis arrangement according to claim 9, characterized in that: The step S2 determines the number n of gas cylinders that the semi-trailer needs to carry according to the mass m2_H2 of the second hydrogen source and the selected gas cylinder parameters of the second hydrogen source, as follows: The gas cylinder parameters of the second hydrogen source include the gas cylinder mass m1 and the mass of hydrogen that can be loaded into a single gas cylinder m2; m2*n>M (15); In the formula, the number of gas cylinders n is the smallest integer. m2_H2=(m1+m2)*n (16); Substitute the relationship between the total actual hydrogen consumption M of the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck obtained in step S1 and the mass m2_H2 of the second hydrogen source into formula (15) and formula (16) to calculate the number n of gas cylinders that the semi-trailer cargo box needs to carry.

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