A waste battery recycling and reuse process and system

Abstract

The present invention discloses a process and a system for recycling waste batteries, specifically relating to the technical field of battery recycling. The process includes battery disassembly; leaching the electrode materials of waste nickel-metal hydride batteries; collecting rare earth elements; separating aluminum and iron by precipitation; recovering zinc and manganese; and recovering cobalt-containing nickel hydroxide. The system includes a battery disassembly and screening device, a magnetic separator, a filter press, and a reaction kettle. The filter press includes a plurality of filter press components for filtering liquids. The present invention can first twist multiple areas of the filter cloth into a wrinkled state, and then the adjacent vibrating plates knock on the adjacent positions of the wrinkles, causing multiple areas of the filter cloth to vibrate while switching between the wrinkled and unfolded states. The switching process can enhance the shaking effect of the filter cloth, making the separation of solid particles from the filter cloth more thorough and improving the recycling rate of waste battery packs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of battery recycling, and more specifically, to a waste battery recycling and reuse process and a system thereof. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, new energy vehicles have developed rapidly. Due to the excellent properties of nickel-hydrogen batteries, hybrid battery vehicles use nickel-hydrogen batteries as their main power. Nickel-hydrogen batteries are mainly composed of positive and negative active materials, diaphragms, adhesives, electrolytes, positive and negative current collectors, safety valves, sealing rings, outer shells, top covers, etc. Nickel-hydrogen batteries usually contain a large amount of high-value metal elements such as nickel, cobalt and rare earth elements, and do not contain heavy polluting metals such as cadmium and lead. They have high recycling value and adopt appropriate methods to achieve the recycling of battery materials. This method can not only effectively solve environmental problems, but also alleviate the pressure of shortage of some non-ferrous metal resources.

[0003] In the process of recycling nickel-hydrogen batteries, it is necessary to dissolve and filter multiple times to obtain rare earth hydroxides and cobalt-containing nickel hydroxide. The above processes all involve solid-liquid separation operations. A filter press is required for filtration. Although the existing filter press can achieve solid and liquid separation, the rare earth hydroxide and cobalt-containing nickel hydroxide required after separation are in the form of powder. A part of the rare earth hydroxide and cobalt-containing nickel hydroxide will remain on the filter cloth of the filter press in the form of small solid particles. Since there is residual moisture on the filter cloth, it will adsorb small solid particles of rare earth hydroxide and cobalt-containing nickel hydroxide, resulting in a low collection rate of rare earth hydroxide and cobalt-containing nickel hydroxide, thereby causing a waste of valuable metal resources. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to overcome the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, the present invention provides a waste battery recycling process and a system thereof to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a waste battery recycling and reuse system, comprising a battery disassembly and screening device, a magnetic separator, a filter press and a reactor, wherein the filter press comprises a plurality of filter press assemblies for filtering liquids, a gas delivery assembly is provided at the front end of the filter press, and the gas delivery assembly can deliver gas into the filter press assembly, and a drive assembly is provided on the right side of the filter press, and the drive assembly can drive the filter press assembly to move;

[0006] The filter press assembly includes a filter press plate with a hollow interior. A filter cloth is provided on the side wall of the filter press plate. An active box is arranged inside the filter press plate. An exhaust pipe passing through the filter press plate is connected to the right end of the active box. A solenoid valve is arranged on the left side inside the filter press plate. The right end of the solenoid valve is connected to the active box through an intake pipe. The upper end of the solenoid valve is connected to the interior of the filter press plate through a vertical pipe. The left end of the solenoid valve is connected to a connecting pipe passing through the filter press plate. The solenoid valve can control the connecting pipe to be connected to the vertical pipe or the intake pipe respectively.

[0007] Preferably, the gas delivery assembly includes a gas pipeline in the left - right direction. An intake pump is arranged on the left side of the gas pipeline, and an exhaust pump is arranged on the right side of the gas pipeline. The gas pipeline is connected to the connecting pipe.

[0008] Preferably, a rotating ring is rotatably connected inside the active box. A plurality of swing rods are fixedly connected to the rotating ring. When the intake pipe intakes air, the plurality of swing rods can rotate counter - clockwise. A plurality of groups of wedge - shaped blocks are slidably connected to the inner wall of the active box. Each group of wedge - shaped blocks is symmetrically arranged. The opposite ends of each group of wedge - shaped blocks are inclined surfaces, and the inclined surfaces of each group of wedge - shaped blocks are distributed in a V - shape. The swing rods can contact the inclined surfaces of the wedge - shaped blocks.

[0009] Preferably, one end of each group of wedge - shaped blocks away from the active box is fixedly connected to a T - shaped moving plate. A first spring is sleeved on the moving plate between its stepped surface and the side wall of the active box. One end of the moving plate away from the active box is connected to a pre - pressing plate through a second spring.

[0010] Preferably, a plurality of groups of sliding columns are slidably connected to the inner wall of the filter press plate. Each group of sliding columns is symmetrically arranged. One end of each sliding column away from the active box penetrates through the filter press plate and is provided with a vibrating plate. Each sliding column is slidably connected with a guiding ring through a spline. A third spring is sleeved on each sliding column between the corresponding guiding ring and the filter press plate.

[0011] Preferably, a guiding groove is formed on the guiding ring. The guiding groove is composed of an inclined groove from left - front - right - back and a straight groove in the front - back direction. One end of the moving plate away from the active box is provided with an L - shaped guiding column. The guiding column can be inserted into the guiding groove, and the guiding column can move unidirectionally in the guiding groove.

[0012] Preferably, a circular groove is formed on the guiding ring, which is upward - opening and located at the connection of the straight groove and the inclined groove. A rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the circular groove through a torsion spring. A limiting plate is fixedly connected to the upper end of the rotating shaft. An fixing plate is arranged above the rotating ring and to the right of the limiting plate.

[0013] Preferably, an arc-shaped block is slidably connected to the inner wall of the filter pressing plate, a connecting block is slidably connected to the arc-shaped block, and the upper end of the connecting block is fixedly connected to the guiding ring.

[0014] Preferably, a stop block located to the left of the guiding ring is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the filter pressing plate, and the lower end of the stop block is connected to the left end of the arc-shaped block through an arc-shaped spring.

[0015] The present invention also provides a waste battery recycling and reuse process, including the following steps:

[0016] S1. Battery disassembly: Use a battery disassembly and screening device to disassemble and preprocess nickel-metal hydride batteries.

[0017] S2. Leaching of waste nickel-metal hydride battery electrode materials: Stir and leach the electrode material powder with a sulfuric acid solution, and use a magnetic separator to separate the residual nickel foam powder in the slurry.

[0018] S3. Rare earth element collection: Add a sodium hydroxide solution and leaching residue and then stir to obtain rare earth hydroxide and a sodium sulfate solution, and use a filter press for solid-liquid separation to obtain rare earth hydroxide.

[0019] S4. Aluminum and iron precipitation separation: Remove aluminum and iron in the electrode material leaching solution by hydrolysis precipitation method, and use a centrifuge to separate and recover the aluminum and iron precipitate.

[0020] S5. Recovery of zinc and manganese: Fractionally extract and separate zinc and manganese ions in a reaction kettle. The sediment contains manganese sulfate and zinc sulfate. Manganese sulfate is precipitated by high-temperature pressurization, and the remaining aqueous solution is distilled to recover water, and the sediment is zinc sulfate.

[0021] S6. Recovery of cobalt-type nickel hydroxide: Add a sodium hydroxide solution to the solution after removing zinc ions and manganese ions, and use a filter press to obtain the sediment cobalt-type nickel hydroxide.

[0022] The technical effects and advantages of the present invention:

[0023] 1. The reaction process of the present invention realizes the full-element recovery of valuable metals and the recycling of other useful materials. The products can be sold as industrial raw materials, with high economic value. The concentration of acid and alkali in the whole process is relatively low, the equipment anti-corrosion requirement is low, the applicable area is wide, and the operability is strong.

[0024] 2. By improving the filter pressing assembly, after the filter press completes solid-liquid separation, the present invention uses gas to rotate multiple swing rods inside the filter assembly, and then drives multiple wedge-shaped blocks to move towards the filter cloth direction. The wedge-shaped blocks drive multiple sliding columns to drive multiple vibrating plates to strike the filter cloth, shaking off the solid powder remaining on the filter cloth. The rotation of multiple swing rods can enable the vibrating plates to strike the filter cloth in sequence from each area in the counterclockwise direction, facilitating the collection of the solid powder remaining on the filter cloth.

[0025] 3. Through the combined use of the moving plate, the first spring, the second spring, the pre-pressing plate, the guide posts, and the guide rings, the vibrating plates distributed in multiple rows knock on the filter cloth in sequence in the counterclockwise direction. On this basis, after the vibrating plate finishes knocking, the vibrating plate causes the filter cloth in the acting area to form folds. Then the vibrating plate retracts, and then the adjacent multiple vibrating plates knock on the filter cloth, causing the folded filter cloth to become unfolded under the action of the knocking force due to the folded state. As the multiple swing rods rotate, multiple areas of the filter cloth are first twisted into a folded state, and then the adjacent vibrating plates knock on the adjacent positions of the folds, causing multiple areas of the filter cloth to vibrate and further switch between the folded and unfolded states. The switching process can enhance the shaking effect of the filter cloth, make the separation of solid particles from the filter cloth more thorough, and improve the recycling rate of waste battery packs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 is the process flow chart of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 2 is the overall structure schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 3 is the overall structure schematic diagram of the pressure filtration assembly of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 4 is the sectional main view axonometric drawing of the pressure filtration assembly of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 5 is the structure schematic diagram of the pressure filtration plate and the vibrating plate in the present invention.

[0031] Figure 6 is the sectional partial top view axonometric drawing of the pressure filtration assembly in the present invention.

[0032] Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 6 the enlarged view of A.

[0033] Figure 8 is the structure schematic diagram of the wedge block and the guide posts in the present invention.

[0034] Figure 9 is the structure schematic diagram of the guide ring and the arc-shaped block in the present invention.

[0035] Figure 10 For the present invention Figure 9 the enlarged view of B.

[0036] Figure 11 is the structure schematic diagram of the guide ring and the guide groove in the present invention.

[0037] The reference numerals are: 1. battery disassembly and screening device; 2. magnetic separator; 3. reaction kettle; 4. centrifuge; 5. filter press; 6. filter press assembly; 61. filter plate; 62. filter cloth; 63. active box; 64. exhaust pipe; 65. solenoid valve; 66. intake pipe; 67. vertical pipe; 68. connecting pipe; 69. rotating ring; 610. swing rod; 611. wedge block; 612. moving plate; 613. first spring; 614. second spring; 615. pre-pressing plate; 616. sliding column; 617. vibrating plate; 618. guiding ring; 619. inclined groove; 620. straight groove; 621. guiding column; 622. torsion spring; 623. rotating shaft; 624. limiting plate; 625. fixing plate; 626. arc-shaped block; 627. connecting block; 628. stop block; 629. arc-shaped spring; 630. third spring; 7. gas delivery assembly; 71. gas pipeline; 72. intake pump; 73. exhaust pump; 8. drive assembly. Detailed implementation manners

[0038] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0039] Embodiment 1

[0040] In the process of recycling nickel-metal hydride batteries, it is necessary to dissolve and filter multiple times to obtain rare earth hydroxides and cobalt-containing nickel hydroxides. The above recycling processes all involve solid-liquid separation operations. A filter press is required during filtration. Although the existing filter press can achieve the separation of solids and liquids, since the required rare earth hydroxides and cobalt-containing nickel hydroxides after separation are in the form of powders, a part of the rare earth hydroxides and cobalt-containing nickel hydroxides will remain on the filter cloth of the filter press in the form of solid small particles. Because there is moisture remaining on the filter cloth, it will adsorb the solid small particles of rare earth hydroxides and cobalt-containing nickel hydroxides, resulting in a low collection rate of rare earth hydroxides and cobalt-containing nickel hydroxides, thus causing waste of valuable metal resources.

[0041] As Figures 2 - 7 shown, to solve the above problems, this embodiment provides a waste battery recycling and reuse system for solid-liquid separation to obtain metal oxide precipitates, including a battery disassembly and screening device 1 for disassembling batteries; a magnetic separator 2 for screening out nickel foam powder; a filter press 5 for solid-liquid separation; a centrifuge 4 for recovering aluminum and iron precipitates; and a reaction kettle 3 for solution reaction. What is particularly important in this embodiment is the filter press 5.

[0042] The filter press 5 includes a plurality of filter components 6 for filtering liquids. A gas delivery component 7 is provided at the front end of the filter press 5, and the gas delivery component 7 can deliver gas into the filter components 6. A drive component 8 is provided on the right side of the filter press 5, and the drive component 8 can drive the filter components 6 to move.

[0043] The filter component 6 includes a filter plate 61 with a hollow interior. A filter cloth 62 is provided on the side wall of the filter plate 61. An active box 63 is provided inside the filter plate 61. An exhaust pipe 64 passing through the filter plate 61 is connected to the right end of the active box 63. A solenoid valve 65 is provided on the left side inside the filter plate 61. The right end of the solenoid valve 65 is connected to the active box 63 through an intake pipe 66. The upper end of the solenoid valve 65 is connected to the interior of the filter plate 61 through a vertical pipe 67. The left end of the solenoid valve 65 is connected to a connecting pipe 68 passing through the filter plate 61, and the solenoid valve 65 can control the connecting pipe 68 to be connected to the vertical pipe 67 or the intake pipe 66 respectively.

[0044] The gas delivery component 7 includes a gas pipeline 71 in the left-right direction. An intake pump 72 is provided on the left side of the gas pipeline 71, and an exhaust pump 73 is provided on the right side of the gas pipeline 71. The upper end of the gas pipeline 71 is connected to the connecting pipe 68.

[0045] A rotating ring 69 is rotatably connected inside the active box 63. A plurality of swing rods 610 are fixedly connected to the rotating ring 69. When the intake pipe 66 intakes gas, the plurality of swing rods 610 can rotate counterclockwise. A plurality of groups of wedge-shaped blocks 611 are slidably connected to the inner wall of the active box 63. Each group of wedge-shaped blocks 611 is symmetrically arranged. The opposite ends of each group of wedge-shaped blocks 611 are inclined surfaces, and the inclined surfaces of each group of wedge-shaped blocks 611 are distributed in a V shape, that is, as Figure 8 shown, the swing rod 610 can contact the inclined surface of the wedge-shaped block 611.

[0046] A plurality of groups of sliding columns 616 are slidably connected to the inner wall of the filter plate 61. The end of the sliding column 616 away from the active box 63 passes through the filter plate 61 and is provided with a vibration plate 617.

[0047] In use, the drive assembly 8 is turned on, and the drive assembly 8 is used to push the pressure filtration assembly 6 to move, so that a filtration chamber is formed between the multiple pressure filtration assemblies 6. The solution that needs to be separated into solid and liquid in the above-mentioned embodiment is introduced. After the liquid is discharged, the solid particles remain on the filter cloth 62 of the filter press plate 61. At this time, the air inlet pump 72 is turned on, and the gas in the gas pipeline 71 is delivered to the solenoid valve 65 in the filter press plate 61 through the connecting pipe 68. The solenoid valve 65 is controlled to connect the connecting pipe 68 with the vertical pipe 67. The gas gradually enters the filter press plate 61 through the vertical pipe 67, causing the side wall of the filter press plate 61 to deform after being inflated. The side wall of the filter press plate 61 bulges outwards. The side walls of every two adjacent filter press plates 61 move relative to each other. The filter press plate 61 drives the filter cloth 62 to move relative to each other. The filter cloth 62 drives the solid particles to move relative to each other and squeeze each other, squeezing out the liquid remaining in the solid. Then the air inlet pump 72 is turned off, and the exhaust pump 73 is turned on to extract the gas in the cavity of the filter press plate 61, causing the filter press plate 61 to return to its original state.

[0048] Then, the solenoid valve 65 is controlled to connect the connecting pipe 68 with the air inlet pipe 66. The air inlet pump 72 is turned on, and the gas enters the air inlet pipe 66 through the gas pipeline 71 and the solenoid valve 65. The air inlet pipe 66 starts to blow air into the active box 63. The gas pushes the swing rod 610 to rotate. At the same time, the gas is discharged through the exhaust pipe 64. The gas blows the lower swing rod 610 to rotate counterclockwise. The lower swing rod 610 drives other swing rods 610 to rotate through the rotating ring 69, causing the adjacent swing rod 610 to rotate to the position of the exhaust pipe 64. The gas blows the adjacent swing rod 610 to swing. As the exhaust pipe 64 continues to blow air, the swing rod 610 drives the rotating ring 69 to continuously rotate counterclockwise. The rotating ring 69 drives multiple swing rods 610 to rotate counterclockwise. When the swing rod 610 rotates to the position of the wedge block 611, it will push a row of wedge blocks 611 to move, causing each group of wedge blocks 611 to move away from each other, that is, move away from each other, and move the wedge blocks 611 in the direction towards the filter cloth 62. The wedge block 611 drives the moving plate 612 to move in the direction towards the filter cloth 62 and stretches the first spring 613. The moving plate 612 drives the pre-pressure plate 615 to move in the direction towards the filter cloth 62 through the second spring 614. The pre-pressure plate 615 pushes the sliding column 616 and the guide ring 618 to move in the direction towards the filter cloth 62 and stretches the third spring 630. The sliding column 616 drives the vibrating plate 617 to contact the filter cloth 62. Multiple vibrating plates 617 move in the direction towards the filter cloth 62. The vibrating plate 617 contacts the filter cloth 62, causing the filter cloth 62 to vibrate. A part of the solid particles on the filter cloth 62 are shaken off and separated from the filter cloth 62. As the multiple swing rods 610 rotate counterclockwise, multiple rows of vibrating plates 617 sequentially knock on the filter cloth 62 in the counterclockwise direction, causing the solid particles at various positions of the filter cloth 62 to fall off. Moreover, this vibration method is carried out from the inside to the outside at multiple parts, vibrating the filter cloth 62 in the front and back directions, gradually separating the solid particles from the filter cloth 62, which is convenient for collecting the solid particles.

[0049] Embodiment 2

[0050] On the basis of the first embodiment, in order to further improve the separation effect between the solid powder and the filter cloth 62, realize the rapid collection and use of high-value metals, and improve the recycling rate of the battery, this embodiment further improves the vibrating plate 617.

[0051] As Figures 8 - 11 shown, at one end of each group of wedge-shaped blocks 611 away from the active box 63, a T-shaped moving plate 612 is fixedly connected. A first spring 613 is sleeved on the moving plate 612 between its stepped surface and the side wall of the active box 63. One end of the moving plate 612 away from the active box 63 is connected to a pre-pressure plate 615 through a second spring 614.

[0052] One end of the sliding column 616 away from the active box 63 penetrates through the filter pressing plate 61 and is provided with a vibrating plate 617. Each sliding column 616 is slidably connected with a guide ring 618 through a spline. A third spring 630 is sleeved on each sliding column 616 between the corresponding guide ring 618 and the filter pressing plate 61.

[0053] The guide ring 618 is provided with a guide groove, which is composed of an inclined groove 619 from left front to right rear and a straight groove 620 in the front-rear direction. One end of the moving plate 612 away from the active box 63 is provided with an L-shaped guide post 621, and the guide post 621 can be inserted into the guide groove, and the guide post 621 can move unidirectionally in the guide groove.

[0054] The guide ring 618 is provided with a circular groove with an upward opening at the connection of the straight groove 620 and the inclined groove 619. A rotating shaft 623 is rotatably connected in the circular groove through a torsion spring 622. The upper end of the rotating shaft 623 is fixedly connected with a limiting plate 624. The upper end of the rotating ring 69 is provided with a fixing plate 625 to the right of the limiting plate 624.

[0055] An arc-shaped block 626 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the filter pressing plate 61. A connecting block 627 is slidably connected to the arc-shaped block 626. The upper end of the connecting block 627 is fixedly connected with the guide ring 618. A stop block 628 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the filter pressing plate 61 to the left of the guide ring 618. The lower end of the stop block 628 is connected to the left end of the arc-shaped block 626 through an arc-shaped spring 629.

[0056] Based on the above-mentioned second embodiment, the elastic force of the second spring 614 is set to be much greater than that of the third spring 630. The wedge-shaped blocks 611, the sliding columns 616 and the vibrating plates 617 are provided in multiple numbers. Each sliding column 616 corresponds to one wedge-shaped block 611 and one vibrating plate 617. The multiple vibrating plates 617 are arranged symmetrically front and back, and the vibrating plates 617 are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction on the surface of the filter pressing plate 61. When the pre-pressing plate 615 pushes the sliding column 616 to move towards the filter cloth 62, the sliding column 616 drives the guide ring 618 to move towards the filter cloth 62. When the guide ring 618 contacts the inner wall of the filter pressing plate 61, the pre-pressing plate 615 stops moving, but the moving plate 612 continues to move towards the filter cloth 62. In this process, the second spring 614 is compressed. The moving plate 612 continues to move towards the filter cloth 62 relative to the pre-pressing plate 615, and the moving plate 612 also moves towards the filter cloth 62 relative to the guide ring 618. The moving plate 612 drives the guide post 621 to insert into the inclined groove 619 in the guide ring 618. As the guide post 621 moves towards the filter cloth 62 in the inclined groove 619, the guide ring 618 rotates clockwise. The guide ring 618 drives the arc-shaped block 626 to move clockwise and compress the arc-shaped spring 629 through the connecting block 627. The guide ring 618 drives the sliding column 616 to rotate clockwise through the spline. At this time, the sliding column 616 moves towards the filter cloth 62 to the limit position, that is, at this time, the sliding column 616 drives the vibrating plate 617 to move towards the filter cloth 62 to the limit position, and the vibrating plate 617 is in full contact with the filter cloth 62. After the vibrating plate 617 is in full contact with the filter cloth 62, it rotates clockwise. Under the action of the vibrating plate 617, the filter cloth 62 in the area is wrinkled. When the swing rod 610 is separated from the wedge-shaped block 611, under the reset action of the first spring 613, the moving plate 612 drives the wedge-shaped block 611 to move towards the active box 63, so that the two relatively arranged wedge-shaped blocks 611 in each group move relatively to a position where they can contact each other. The moving plate 612 drives the guide post 621 to move towards the active box 63 in the straight groove 620 in the guide groove. During this process, the guide ring 618 does not rotate, that is, the sliding column 616 and the vibrating plate 617 do not rotate when moving towards the active box 63. When the guide post 621 moves towards the active box 63 to the limit position, the guide post 621 moves out of the straight groove 620. The arc-shaped block 626 swings counterclockwise to the limit position under the reset action of the arc-shaped spring 629. The arc-shaped block 626 drives the guide ring 618 to rotate counterclockwise to the initial position through the connecting block 627. The guide ring 618 drives the vibrating plate 617 to rotate to the initial position through the sliding column 616. The pre-pressing plate 615 moves towards the active box 63 to the initial position along with the moving plate 612, and the second spring 614 is reset. Since the elastic force of the second spring 614 is much greater than that of the third spring 630, after the second spring 614 is reset, the guide ring 618 moves towards the active box 63 to the limit position under the action of the third spring 630, and the guide ring 618 is always in contact with the pre-pressing plate 615 during the moving process.The guide ring 618 drives the sliding column 616 and the vibration plate 617 to move towards the active box 63 to the limit position, that is, the vibration plate 617 is retracted into the filter pressing plate 61.,

[0057] During the above process, when the guide post 621 slides from the inclined groove 619 to the straight groove 620 in the guide groove, the guide post 621 pushes the limit plate 624 to swing leftward. The limit plate 624 drives the rotating shaft 623 to rotate and stretch the torsion spring 622. When the limit plate 624 no longer blocks the guide post 621, the rotating shaft 623 drives the limit plate 624 to swing rightward to the initial position under the action of the torsion spring 622. At this time, the guide post 621 is located on the left side of the limit plate 624. When the guide post 621 moves towards the active box 63 relative to the straight groove 620, since the fixed plate 625 is in contact with the limit plate 624 at this time and the limit plate 624 has swung rightward to the limit position, when the guide post 621 moves towards the moving box, it can only slide in the straight groove 620, which can avoid the rotation of the vibration plate 617 during recovery.

[0058] As can be seen from the above embodiments, a plurality of vibration plates 617 distributed in a row sequentially strike the filter cloth 62 in the counterclockwise direction. On this basis, when the vibration plate 617 finishes striking, the vibration plate 617 causes the filter cloth 62 in the action area to wrinkle. Then the vibration plate 617 retracts. Next, a plurality of adjacent vibration plates 617 strike the filter cloth 62, and the wrinkled filter cloth 62 is flattened due to the strike, so that the filter cloth 62 changes from a wrinkled state to a stretched state. As the plurality of swing rods 610 rotate, a plurality of areas of the filter cloth 62 are first twisted into a wrinkled state, and then the adjacent vibration plates 617 strike the adjacent positions of the wrinkles, so that a plurality of areas of the filter cloth 62 vibrate and further switch between the wrinkled and stretched states. The switching process can enhance the shaking effect of the filter cloth 62, making the separation of solid particles from the filter cloth 62 more thorough. Closing the air inlet pump 72 can terminate the vibration operation of the filter cloth 62.

[0059] Embodiment III

[0060] This embodiment provides a waste battery recycling process, as Figure 1 shown, including the following steps:

[0061] S1. Battery disassembly: Use the battery disassembly and screening device 1 to disassemble and preprocess nickel-metal hydride batteries;

[0062] S2. Leaching of waste nickel-metal hydride battery electrode materials: Stir and leach the electrode material powder with sulfuric acid solution, and use the magnetic separator 2 to separate the residual nickel foam powder in the slurry;

[0063] S3. Rare earth element collection: Add sodium hydroxide solution and leaching residue and then stir to obtain rare earth hydroxide and sodium sulfate solution. Use the filter press 5 for solid-liquid separation to obtain rare earth hydroxide;

[0064] S4. Aluminum and iron precipitation separation: Remove aluminum and iron from the leaching solution of the electrode material by hydrolysis precipitation method, and use a centrifuge 4 to separate and recover the aluminum and iron precipitates;

[0065] S5. Recovery of zinc and manganese: Fractionally extract and separate zinc and manganese ions in the reaction kettle 3. The sediment contains manganese sulfate and zinc sulfate. After the sediment accumulates to a certain amount, manganese sulfate is precipitated by high-temperature and high-pressure, and the remaining aqueous solution is distilled to recover water, and the sediment is zinc sulfate;

[0066] S6. Recovery of cobalt-containing nickel hydroxide: Add sodium hydroxide solution to the solution after removing zinc ions and manganese ions, and use a filter press 5 to obtain the sediment cobalt-containing nickel hydroxide.

[0067] This embodiment realizes the full-element recovery of valuable metals and the recycling of other useful materials. The products can be sold as industrial raw materials, with high economic value. The concentration of acid and alkali is relatively low throughout the process, the equipment anti-corrosion requirement is low, the applicable area is wide, and the operability is strong.

[0068] The above is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, according to the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, makes equivalent substitutions or changes, and should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A waste battery recycling and reuse system, comprising a battery disassembly and screening device, a magnetic separator, a filter press and a reaction kettle, characterized in that, The filter press includes a plurality of filter press components for filtering liquids. A gas delivery component is provided at the front end of the filter press, and the gas delivery component can deliver gas into the filter press components. A driving component is provided on the right side of the filter press, and the driving component can drive the filter press components to move; The filter press component includes a filter press plate with a hollow interior. A filter cloth is provided on the side wall of the filter press plate. An active box is provided inside the filter press plate. An exhaust pipe penetrating the filter press plate is connected to the right end of the active box. A solenoid valve is provided on the left side inside the filter press plate. The right end of the solenoid valve is connected to the active box through an intake pipe. The upper end of the solenoid valve is connected to the interior of the filter press plate through a vertical pipe. The left end of the solenoid valve is connected to a connecting pipe penetrating the filter press plate. The solenoid valve can control the connecting pipe to communicate with the vertical pipe or the intake pipe respectively. A plurality of groups of sliding columns are slidably connected to the inner wall of the filter press plate. Each group of sliding columns is symmetrically arranged. One end of each sliding column away from the active box penetrates the filter press plate and is provided with a vibrating plate. Each vibrating plate can strike the filter cloth and drive the filter cloth to generate local torsional folds. Every two adjacent vibrating plates can cooperate with each other to enable the filter cloth to achieve a state conversion between folds and stretching; A rotating ring is rotatably connected inside the active box. A plurality of swing rods are fixedly connected to the rotating ring. When the intake pipe intakes air, the plurality of swing rods can rotate counterclockwise. A plurality of groups of wedge-shaped blocks are slidably connected to the inner wall of the active box. Each group of wedge-shaped blocks is symmetrically arranged. The opposite ends of each group of wedge-shaped blocks are inclined surfaces. The inclined surfaces of each group of wedge-shaped blocks are distributed in a V shape. The swing rods can contact the inclined surfaces of the wedge-shaped blocks.

2. The waste battery recycling and reuse system according to claim 1, wherein The gas delivery component includes a gas pipeline in the left-right direction. An intake pump is provided on the left side of the gas pipeline. An exhaust pump is provided on the right side of the gas pipeline. The gas pipeline is connected to the connecting pipe.

3. The waste battery recycling and reuse system according to claim 2, characterized in that, One end of each group of wedge-shaped blocks away from the active box is fixedly connected to a T-shaped moving plate. A first spring is sleeved on the moving plate between its stepped surface and the side wall of the active box. One end of the moving plate away from the active box is connected to a pre-pressure plate through a second spring.

4. The waste battery recycling and reuse system according to claim 3, characterized in that, A guide ring is slidably connected to each sliding column through a spline. A third spring is sleeved on each sliding column between the corresponding guide ring and the filter press plate.

5. The waste battery recycling and reuse system according to claim 4, characterized in that, A guide groove is formed on the guide ring. The guide groove is composed of an inclined groove from left front to right rear and a straight groove in the front-rear direction. One end of the moving plate away from the active box is provided with an L-shaped guide post. The guide post can be inserted into the guide groove, and the guide post can move unidirectionally in the guide groove.

6. The waste battery recycling and reuse system according to claim 5, characterized in that, A circular groove is formed on the guide ring and opens upward at the connection of the straight groove and the inclined groove. A rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the circular groove through a torsion spring. A limiting plate is fixedly connected to the upper end of the rotating shaft. An fixing plate is provided at the upper end of the rotating ring to the right of the limiting plate.

7. The waste battery recycling and reuse system according to claim 6, characterized in that, An arc-shaped block is slidably connected to the inner wall of the filter press plate. A connecting block is slidably connected to the arc-shaped block. The upper end of the connecting block is fixedly connected to the guide ring.

8. The waste battery recycling and reuse system according to claim 7, wherein, A stop block is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the filter press plate to the left of the guide ring. The lower end of the stop block is connected to the left end of the arc-shaped block through an arc-shaped spring.

9. A recycling process for waste batteries, the process using the waste battery recycling system according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: S1. Battery disassembly: Use a battery disassembly and screening device to disassemble and preprocess nickel-metal hydride batteries; S2. Leaching of waste nickel-metal hydride battery electrode materials: Stir and leach the electrode material powder with sulfuric acid solution, and use a magnetic separator to separate the residual nickel foam powder in the slurry; S3. Rare earth element collection: After adding sodium hydroxide solution and leaching residue and stirring, rare earth hydroxide and sodium sulfate solution are obtained. After solid-liquid separation using a filter press, rare earth hydroxide is obtained; S4. Aluminum and iron precipitation separation: Hydrolysis precipitation method is used to remove aluminum and iron in the electrode material leaching solution, and a centrifuge is used to separate and recover aluminum and iron precipitates; S5. Recovery of zinc and manganese: Zinc and manganese ions are fractionally extracted and separated in a reaction kettle. The sediment contains manganese sulfate and zinc sulfate. Manganese sulfate is precipitated by high-temperature pressurization, and the remaining aqueous solution is distilled to recover water. The sediment is zinc sulfate; S6. Recovery of cobalt-type nickel hydroxide: Sodium hydroxide solution is added to the solution after removing zinc ions and manganese ions, and a filter press is used to obtain the sediment cobalt-type nickel hydroxide.

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