High-stability light centrifugal fan for motor train unit

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of centrifugal fans, and discloses a high-stability light centrifugal fan for a motor train unit, which comprises a fan body connected with a motor train body by arranging a mounting frame; the air inlet channel is formed in the duct type air conditioner body and used for air circulation; the impeller is arranged in the fan body and located on the air quantity guiding track of the air inlet channel, the impeller comprises a wheel body and a guide vane installed in the wheel body and used for guiding air flow output, and an air inlet communicated with the air inlet channel is formed in one end of the wheel body; the guide vane comprises a fixed vane, a first adjusting guide vane and a second adjusting guide vane, wherein the first adjusting guide vane and the second adjusting guide vane are installed at the two ends of the fixed vane, and guiding pieces used for adjusting the connecting angles of the adjusting guide vanes and the fixed vane are installed at one ends of the first adjusting guide vane and the second adjusting guide vane. The centrifugal machine guide vane solves the problems that an existing centrifugal machine guide vane cannot well adapt to working condition changes, the flow can be hindered, and extra energy loss is caused.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of centrifugal fans, and in particular to a high-stability lightweight centrifugal fan for a motor vehicle group. Background Art

[0002] The converter and main motor on the EMU are key equipment to ensure its high-speed operation. However, the converter and main motor will generate a lot of heat during operation. This heat needs to be removed by high-speed air, so forced ventilation by fans is required.

[0003] The impeller outlet of existing centrifugal fans is generally not equipped with guide vanes, and the impellers with guide vanes usually have fixed guide vanes. Centrifugal impellers without guide vanes or with fixed guide vanes cannot adjust their relative angle with the incoming flow according to the outflow direction of the impeller. When the fluid machinery is running under non-design conditions, or during startup or shutdown, this impeller cannot adapt well to the changes in working conditions, and will also hinder the flow, causing additional energy loss. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a high-stability lightweight centrifugal fan for EMUs, which solves the problem that the guide vanes of the existing centrifugal fans cannot adapt well to changes in working conditions and also hinder the flow, causing additional energy loss.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a high-stability lightweight centrifugal fan for a train, comprising:

[0006] The fan body is connected to the motor vehicle body by a mounting frame;

[0007] An air inlet channel is provided on the air duct unit body for air flow;

[0008] The impeller is arranged in the fan body and located on the guide track of the air volume of the air inlet channel. It includes a wheel body and a guide vane installed in the wheel body for guiding the output of the wind flow. One end of the wheel body is provided with an air inlet that penetrates the air inlet channel.

[0009] The guide vane includes a stator vane and a first regulating guide vane and a second regulating guide vane installed at both ends of the stator vane, one end of each of the first regulating guide vane and the second regulating guide vane is installed with a guide member for adjusting the connection angle between the regulating guide vane and the stator vane, the first regulating guide vane and the second regulating guide vane both extend inside the stator vane, and the width of the inner cavity of the stator vane is greater than the thickness of the first regulating guide vane and the second regulating guide vane to accommodate the first regulating guide vane and the second regulating guide vane to rotate at a preset angle inside the stator vane;

[0010] The first and second guide vanes cooperate with the stator vanes to adjust the outflow angle to form a first angle, a second angle, a third angle and a fourth angle to adapt to the incoming flow angle.

[0011] In a single specific embodiment, the guide member includes a guide sleeve installed on the lower end surface of the guide vane, a top sleeve adapted to the width and located at the center thereof is installed on the bottom surface of the guide sleeve, a rotary disk is sleeved under the top sleeve, a plurality of grid plates are arranged on the rotary disk, the angle between adjacent grid plates is 18 degrees, and a stopper with a limited rotation angle is installed on the rotary disk;

[0012] The limiter is annularly arranged on the upper limiter of the turntable and includes two limit units symmetrically arranged on the left and right. A bottom sleeve is arranged at the bottom of the limit unit. The limit unit includes a limit end located on the side wall of the turntable and a connecting section attached to the bottom of the turntable. An extension section arranged vertically thereto is installed on the connecting section. A push-up device and a rebound component for assisting the overall rebound of the two limit units are installed between the extension sections of the two limit units.

[0013] In a single specific embodiment, the end of the limit end is provided with a terminal that is engaged with the side wall of the rotating disk;

[0014] The rotating disk is provided with a grid groove at the same installation position as the grid plate, and the center line of the grid groove coincides with the center line of the grid plate;

[0015] The depth of the subdividing groove is adapted to the structural length of the end head, the minimum spacing between the limiting ends of the two limiting units is the diameter length of the turntable, and a right-angle motor is installed at the bottom of the turntable to drive the turntable to rotate.

[0016] In a single specific embodiment, guide wheels are installed at the bottom of the first guide vane and the second guide vane, and a wheel groove matching the size of the guide wheel is opened on the structure at one end of the wheel body, and the guide wheel releases the right-angle motor and the limit unit in the wheel groove to change the angle of the first guide vane and the second guide vane;

[0017] The limit angles formed by the first guide vane in the wheel slot are the first angular position and the third angular position located at points A and B, and the limit angles formed by the second guide vane in the wheel slot are the second angular position and the fourth angular position located at points C and D.

[0018] In a single specific embodiment, a shock absorbing ring is installed on the outer ring surface of the air inlet channel, and the shock absorbing ring is a hollow annular rubber structure.

[0019] In a single specific embodiment, the air inlet of the wheel body is arc-shaped, and the opening diameter of the air inlet is the same as the front end circumferential diameter of the guide vane in the initial state.

[0020] In a single specific embodiment, the mounting frame includes a frame plate surrounding the wheel body, a bottom plate is disposed at the upper end of the frame plate and perpendicular to the end surface of the frame plate, and a connecting rod is used to compensate and support the bottom plate and the frame plate.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a high-stability lightweight centrifugal fan for EMUs, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] In this scheme, the guide vane is separated into a stator vane and a first adjusting guide vane and a second adjusting guide vane installed at both ends of the stator vane. By utilizing the change in angle between the first adjusting guide vane and the second adjusting guide vane and the stator vane caused by the action of the guide member, the guide vane angle in the initial state is changed to a first angular position, a second angular position, a third angular position and a fourth angular position, thereby changing the change of the existing guide vane to the outflow angle, increasing the adaptation effect to the incoming flow angle, thereby improving the use effect under different working conditions and reducing energy loss.

[0023] Based on the shape setting of the shock-absorbing ring in this solution, a small amount of air is stored inside the hollow annular rubber structure after molding, and a certain compression is formed during installation to achieve sealed contact with the air duct, ensuring that the airflow enters the air inlet without leakage. At the same time, the compressibility of the internal air also plays a damping role, which can absorb the vibration transmitted from the air duct and the air inlet.

[0024] In accordance with the preset rotation requirements of the first guide vane and the second guide vane relative to the stator vane, the guide members arranged at the lower ends of the first guide vane and the second guide vane achieve the expected purpose. The limiter arranged in the guide member and the setting of the right-angle motor produce a synergistic effect on the one hand, and drive the turntable to rotate under the action of the right-angle motor to achieve the purpose of rotating the first guide vane or the second guide vane relative to the stator vane. On the other hand, the limiter constrains the right-angle motor. Based on the alignment relationship between the end of the limiter and the dividing slot, the excess driving torque generated by the right-angle motor can be corrected by operating the limiter, thereby increasing the rotation accuracy of the first guide vane and the second guide vane relative to the stator vane. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a high-stability lightweight centrifugal fan for an EMU according to the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of an exploded top view of the overall structure of a high-stability lightweight centrifugal fan for an EMU of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of an impeller of a high-stability lightweight centrifugal fan for an EMU of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of the guide vane structure of a high-stability lightweight centrifugal fan for an EMU of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a guide member of a high-stability lightweight centrifugal fan for an EMU according to the present invention;

[0030] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a limit unit of a high-stability lightweight centrifugal fan for an EMU of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 7 The present invention is a schematic diagram of the structure of a mounting frame of a high-stability lightweight centrifugal fan for a train set.

[0032] Numbers in the attached drawings:

[0033] 1. Fan body;

[0034] 2. Mounting frame; 21. Frame plate; 22. Bottom plate; 23. Connecting rod;

[0035] 3. Air inlet channel;

[0036] 4. Impeller; 41. Wheel body; 42. Guide vane; 421. Fixed vane; 422. First adjustable guide vane; 423. Second adjustable guide vane; 424. Guide wheel; 43. Air inlet; 44. Guide member; 441. Guide sleeve; 442. Top sleeve; 443. Rotary disc; 444. Dividing plate; 445. Stopper; 4451. Bottom sleeve; 4452. Limiting unit; 4453. Limiting end; 4454. Connecting section; 4455. Extension section; 4456. Pushing device; 4457. Rebound member; 4458. End; 446. Dividing groove;

[0037] 5. Shock-absorbing ring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] See also Figure 1-Figure 7The impeller 4 of the existing centrifugal fan targeted by the embodiment of the present invention generally has no guide vane 42 at its outlet, and the impeller 4 with the guide vane 42 is usually a fixed guide vane 42. The centrifugal impeller 4 without the guide vane 42 or with the fixed guide vane 42 cannot adjust the relative angle between the impeller 4 and the incoming flow according to the outflow direction of the impeller 4. When the fluid machinery is running in non-design conditions, startup or shutdown stages, this impeller 4 not only cannot adapt well to the changes in the working conditions, but also hinders the flow, causing additional energy loss.

[0040] Based on the above problem that the angle adjustment effect of the impeller 4 of the existing centrifugal fan is not good, the present invention describes a specific solution, which separates the guide vane 42 into a stator vane 421 and a first adjusting guide vane 422 and a second adjusting guide vane 423 installed at both ends of the stator vane 421, and utilizes the angle change of the first adjusting guide vane 422 and the second adjusting guide vane 423 with the stator vane 421 under the action of the guide member 44, so as to change the angle of the guide vane 42 in the initial state to the first angle position, the second angle position, the third angle position and the fourth angle position, thereby changing the change of the existing guide vane 42 for the outflow angle, increasing the adaptation effect of the incoming flow angle, thereby improving the use effect under different working conditions and reducing energy loss.

[0041] The embodiment describes a high-stability lightweight centrifugal fan for a train. Specifically, on the basis of a fan body 1, a mounting frame 2 is used to connect the fan body to the train body. The mounting frame 2 includes a frame plate 21 surrounding a wheel body 41. A top plate is arranged at the upper end of the frame plate 21 and perpendicular to the end surface of the frame plate 21. The top plate and the frame plate 21 are supported by a connecting rod 23 to compensate for the stability on the train. In addition, an air inlet channel 3 connected to the inner cavity of the impeller 4 is provided on the fan body 1. A shock absorbing ring 5 is installed on the outer ring surface of the air inlet channel 3. The shock absorbing ring 5 is a hollow annular rubber structure. A small amount of air is stored in the hollow annular rubber structure after molding. A certain compression is formed during installation to achieve sealed contact with the air duct, ensuring that the airflow enters the air inlet 43 without leakage. At the same time, the compressibility of the internal air also plays a damping role, which can absorb the vibration transmitted from the air duct and the air inlet 43. To meet the air volume flow with the ventilation duct of the EMU, the impeller 4 is arranged in the fan body 1 and located on the guide track of the air volume of the air inlet channel 3. In this specific embodiment, the specific improvement made to the existing technical problems is to meet the purpose of adapting the outflow angle to the incoming flow angle after being adjusted. A guide vane 42 is arranged inside the impeller 4, and the outer sleeve of the guide vane 42 is provided with a wheel body 41, and an air inlet 43 that penetrates the air inlet channel 3 is opened at one end of the wheel body 41. The air inlet 43 opened by the wheel body 41 is arc-shaped, and the opening diameter of the air inlet 43 is the same as the diameter of the front end of the guide vane 42 in the initial state, ensuring that there is no friction during operation and the leakage is as small as possible. The ventilation area is made of high-strength aluminum material, which is integrally pressed to ensure strength and rigidity and reduce weight. A stabilizing ring is welded in the installation area of ​​the air inlet 43 to ensure the stability of the installation and provide support for the shock absorbing ring 5;

[0042] In order to solve the problem that the guide vane 42 is a predetermined angle and cannot adapt to the change of the incoming flow angle, the guide vane 42 is separated into a fixed vane 421, a first adjusting guide vane 422 and a second adjusting guide vane 423. The first adjusting guide vane 422 and the second adjusting guide vane 423 are located at both ends of the fixed vane 421. In the initial state, the fixed vane 421, the first adjusting guide vane 422 and the second adjusting guide vane 423 are smooth arcs. One end of the first adjusting guide vane 422 and the second adjusting guide vane 423 is equipped with a guide member 44 for adjusting the connection angle between the adjusting guide vane 42 and the fixed vane 421. Under the adjustment of the guide member 44, the angle between the first adjusting guide vane 422 and the fixed vane 421, or the angle between the second adjusting guide vane 423 and the fixed vane 421 is changed. The angle of the stator blade 421, and even the angle between the first and second guide vanes 422 and 423 and the stator blade 421, three forms of changes will adjust the incoming flow angle and the outgoing flow angle. The first and second guide vanes 422 and 423 both extend inside the stator blade 421. The width of the inner cavity of the stator blade 421 is greater than the thickness of the first and second guide vanes 422 and 423 to accommodate the first and second guide vanes 422 and 423 to rotate inside the stator blade 421 at a preset angle without leaving a gap between the first and second guide vanes 422 and 423 and the stator blade 421 when the first and second guide vanes 422 and 423 change their existing angles.

[0043] The first guide vane 422 and the second guide vane 423 cooperate with the fixed vane 421 to adjust the outflow angle to form the first angle, the second angle, the third angle and the fourth angle to adapt to the incoming flow angle. The limit angles formed by the first guide vane 422 in the wheel groove are the first angle and the third angle located at points A and B, and the limit angles formed by the second guide vane 423 in the wheel groove are the second angle and the fourth angle located at points C and D. The bottoms of the first guide vane 422 and the second guide vane 423 are both installed with guide wheels 424, and a structure at one end of the wheel body 41 is provided with a guide wheel 424. The wheel groove is of suitable size. Under the premise of ensuring the overall strength and rigidity, the wheel body 41 is welded with alloy aluminum. The aluminum alloy plate is profiled and folded before welding. The front wheel disc with the air inlet 43 has an outer fold of 5mm, and the middle part of the rear wheel disc opposite to the front wheel disc is profiled 8mm, and the outer fold is 5mm. With very little increase in material, the rigidity of the structure is greatly improved, better shock absorption and earthquake resistance are achieved, the stability of the impeller 4 in high-speed rotation is improved, and lightweight is achieved. The wheel core is made of wear-resistant high-quality structural steel to achieve better installation and matching. The wheel body 41 and wheel core made of different materials adopt a riveted structure. The guide wheel 424 releases the right-angle motor and the limit unit 4452 in the wheel groove to change the angle of the first guide vane 422 and the second guide vane 423. The first angle of the first guide vane 422 cooperates with the fourth angle of the second guide vane 423 to form a post-image centrifugal fan. At this time, the airflow impact angle of the blade is reduced, the load is reduced, and the speed angle increases when the airflow leaves. The actual flow rate is slower than the outflow speed of the guide vane 42 in the initial state, and its impact angle on the wheel body 41 is larger, and the supercharging effect produced is stronger than the radial type. Therefore, after the first guide vane 422 and the second guide vane 423 produce the above angle changes, the stepping efficiency is higher than that in the initial state, and it is not easy to overload because the load is smaller. The above description It can be summarized that it is suitable for use under conditions where flow rates vary. The third angular position of the first adjusting guide vane 422 cooperates with the second angular position of the second adjusting guide vane 423 to form a forward centrifugal fan. At this time, the impact angle of the guide vane 42 with the airflow will increase, but the angle of the airflow departure velocity is smaller, and the actual flow rate will be greater than that of the guide vane 42 in the initial state, and the impact angle on the wheel body 41 will be smaller. As a result, the air volume is large and the wind pressure is small. Therefore, the guide vane 42 formed by the first angular position of the first adjusting guide vane 422 and the fourth angular position of the second adjusting guide vane 423 can provide a larger air volume at a lower speed and noise, and is suitable for use under conditions of low wind pressure and stable air volume. The change of the two extreme angles can adaptively adjust various working conditions within the train set.

[0044] In order to achieve the angle adjustment of the first guide vane 422 and the second guide vane 423 relative to the fixed vane 421, a guide member 44 is specifically provided for adjustment. The guide member 44 includes a guide sleeve 441 installed on the lower end surface of the guide vane 42, and a top sleeve 442 adapted to the width and located at the center thereof is installed on the bottom surface of the guide sleeve 441. A rotary disk 443 is sleeved under the top sleeve 442, and a plurality of grid plates 444 for spacing specific angles are provided on the rotary disk 443. The angle between adjacent grid plates 444 is 18 degrees. A limiter 445 with a limited rotation angle is installed on the rotary disk 443. The limiter 445 is circumferentially arranged on the rotary disk 443. The limiter 445 includes two limit units 4452 arranged symmetrically on the left and right, and a bottom sleeve is provided at the bottom of the limit unit 4452. 4451, the limiting unit 4452 includes a limiting end 4453 located on the side wall of the turntable 443 and a connecting section 4454 attached to the bottom of the turntable 443, the connecting section 4454 is installed with an extension section 4455 vertically arranged thereon, the end of the limiting end 4453 is installed with a terminal 4458 engaged with the side wall of the turntable 443, the terminal 4458 is in a cone shape, a dividing groove 446 which is the same as the installation position of the dividing plate 444 is opened on the turntable 443, the center line of the dividing groove 446 coincides with the center line of the dividing plate 444, the depth of the dividing groove 446 is adapted to the structural length of the terminal 4458, the minimum spacing between the limiting ends 4453 of the two limiting units 4452 is the diameter length of the turntable 443, and a right-angle motor is installed at the bottom of the turntable 443 to drive the rotation angle of the turntable 443. A pushing device 4456 and a rebound member 4457 for assisting the overall rebound of the two limiting units 4452 are installed between the extension sections 4455 of the two limiting units 4452. The rebound member 4457 in this specific embodiment plays a specific role in providing a spacing adjustment space for the two limiting units 4452 by utilizing its own telescopic amount. Its two ends are specifically installed on the relative structures of the two extension sections 4455. It utilizes its own telescopic amount to generate a pull-back force after the force between the two limiting units 4452 disappears, and drives the two limiting units back to the initial position, thereby releasing the limiting effect on the turntable 443.The pushing device 4456 is specifically a cylinder to separate the two limit units 4452, destroying the state where they are located at the initial spacing value. The preset rotation requirements of the first adjustment guide vane 422 and the second adjustment guide vane 423 relative to the stator vane 421, and the guide member 44 arranged at the lower end of the first adjustment guide vane 422 and the second adjustment guide vane 423 achieve the expected purpose. The limiter 445 arranged in the guide member 44 and the setting of the right-angle motor produce a synergistic effect on the one hand, and under the action of the right-angle motor, the turntable is driven to rotate to achieve the purpose of rotating the first adjustment guide vane 422 or the second adjustment guide vane 423 with respect to the stator vane 421. On the other hand, the limiter 445 constrains the right-angle motor. Based on the alignment relationship between the end 4458 of the limiter 445 and the dividing slot 446, the excess driving torque generated by the right-angle motor can be corrected by operating the limiter 445, thereby increasing the rotation accuracy of the first adjustment guide vane 422 and the second adjustment guide vane 423 with respect to the stator vane 421.

[0045] The control method of the electrical components appearing in this article is to automatically control through a controller. The control circuit of the controller can be implemented by simple programming by technicians in this field. The provision of power is also common knowledge in this field. The present invention is mainly used to protect mechanical devices, so the present invention will no longer explain the control method and circuit connection in detail.

[0046] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0047] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A high-stability lightweight centrifugal fan for EMU, characterized in that: include: A fan body (1), the fan body (1) is connected to the motor vehicle body by providing a mounting frame (2); An air inlet channel (3) is provided on the air duct machine body for air flow; An impeller (4) is arranged in the fan body (1) and located on the air volume guide track of the air inlet channel (3), and comprises a wheel body (41) and a guide vane (42) installed in the wheel body (41) for guiding the output of the wind flow. An air inlet (43) which is in communication with the air inlet channel (3) is formed at one end of the wheel body (41); The guide vane (42) comprises a fixed vane (421) and a first adjusting guide vane (422) and a second adjusting guide vane (423) installed at both ends of the fixed vane (421); one end of the first adjusting guide vane (422) and the second adjusting guide vane (423) are both installed with a guide member (44) for adjusting the connection angle between the adjusting guide vane (42) and the fixed vane (421); the first adjusting guide vane (422) and the second adjusting guide vane (423) are both extended inside the fixed vane (421); the width of the inner cavity of the fixed vane (421) is greater than the thickness of the first adjusting guide vane (422) and the second adjusting guide vane (423) to accommodate the first adjusting guide vane (422) and the second adjusting guide vane (423) to rotate at a preset angle inside the fixed vane (421); The first guide vane (422) and the second guide vane (423) cooperate with the stator vane (421) to adjust the outflow angle to form a first angle position, a second angle position, a third angle position and a fourth angle position to adapt to the incoming flow angle.

2. The high-stability lightweight centrifugal fan for EMU according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guide member (44) comprises a guide sleeve (441) mounted on the lower end surface of the guide vane (42); a top sleeve (442) adapted to the width and located at the center thereof is mounted on the bottom surface of the guide sleeve (441); a rotary disk (443) is sleeved below the top sleeve (442); a plurality of grid plates (444) are arranged on the rotary disk (443); an angle between adjacent grid plates (444) is 18 degrees; and a stopper (445) with a limited rotation angle is mounted on the rotary disk (443); The limiter (445) is circumferentially arranged on the rotating disk (443), and the limiter (445) includes two limit units (4452) arranged symmetrically on the left and right. A bottom sleeve (4451) is arranged at the bottom of the limit unit (4452). The limit unit (4452) includes a limit end (4453) located on the side wall of the rotating disk (443) and a connecting section (4454) attached to the bottom of the rotating disk (443). An extension section (4455) arranged vertically therewith is installed on the connecting section (4454). A push-up device (4456) and a rebound member (4457) for assisting the two limit units (4452) to rebound as a whole are installed between the extension sections (4455) of the two limit units (4452).

3. The high-stability lightweight centrifugal fan for EMU according to claim 2, characterized in that: The end of the limiting end (4453) is provided with an end head (4458) which is engaged with the side wall of the rotating disk (443); The rotating disk (443) is provided with a partitioning groove (446) at the same installation position as the partitioning plate (444), and the center line of the partitioning groove (446) coincides with the center line of the partitioning plate (444); The depth of the dividing groove (446) is adapted to the structural length of the end (4458), the minimum spacing between the limiting ends (4453) of the two limiting units (4452) is the diameter length of the turntable (443), and a right-angle motor is installed at the bottom of the turntable (443) to drive the turntable (443) to rotate.

4. The high-stability lightweight centrifugal fan for EMU according to claim 1, characterized in that: A guide wheel (424) is installed at the bottom of each of the first guide vane (422) and the second guide vane (423); a wheel groove matching the size of the guide wheel (424) is provided on a structure at one end of the wheel body (41); the guide wheel (424) releases the right-angle motor and the limit unit (4452) in the wheel groove to change the angle of the first guide vane (422) and the second guide vane (423); The limit angles formed by the first guide vane (422) in the wheel groove are the first angle position and the third angle position located at points A and B, and the limit angles formed by the second guide vane (423) in the wheel groove are the second angle position and the fourth angle position located at points C and D.

5. The high-stability lightweight centrifugal fan for EMU according to claim 1, characterized in that: A shock absorbing ring (5) is installed on the outer ring surface of the air inlet channel (3), and the shock absorbing ring (5) is a hollow annular rubber structure.

6. The high-stability lightweight centrifugal fan for EMU according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air inlet (43) formed on the wheel body (41) is in an arc shape, and the opening diameter of the air inlet (43) is the same as the surrounding diameter of the front end of the guide vane (42) in the initial state.

7. The high-stability lightweight centrifugal fan for EMU according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mounting frame (2) comprises a frame plate (21) surrounding a wheel body (41), a bottom plate (22) located at the upper end of the frame plate (21) and arranged perpendicularly to the end surface of the frame plate (21), and a connecting rod (23) is used to provide compensation support between the bottom plate (22) and the frame plate (21).

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