Photovoltaic coupling air source heat pump water heater system and control method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of heat pump systems, in particular to a photovoltaic coupling air source heat pump water heater system and a control method thereof.The photovoltaic coupling air source heat pump water heater system comprises a heat pump system and an intelligent device, the intelligent device comprises a hardware system and a software system, and the hardware system comprises a photovoltaic module and energy storage equipment; a power supply inverter is arranged between the energy storage equipment and the photovoltaic module; and the photovoltaic module converts direct current into alternating current under the action of the power supply inverter so as to drive the rotor compressor to operate. The system automatically judges that redundant electric energy is stored in energy storage equipment, the system intelligently judges, cold water heating is automatically judged according to various environment parameters and system operation parameters of an intelligent algorithm, solar energy resources are fully utilized, and the requirement for efficiently providing hot water at any time is met; and the optimal cold water heating mode for fully utilizing solar energy resources can be quickly judged according to various different weather conditions, so that the self-sufficiency requirement of a user on hot water is met, electric energy is saved, and energy waste is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of heat pump systems, and in particular to a photovoltaic coupled air source heat pump water heater system and a control method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Air source heat pump water heater is a new type of hot water and heating product. It is a heating equipment and hot water device that can replace boilers. It is gradually accepted by the majority of users for its high efficiency, energy saving, green environmental protection, and convenient use all day long. With the faster and faster progress of world industrialization, energy consumption is getting higher and higher, resources are becoming more and more scarce, and pollution is becoming more and more serious. The system combining air source heat pump water heater and solar energy has become a research hotspot. At present, most of the research consists of solar collectors, heat pumps and electric heaters. The structure of the whole system is complex, the equipment cost and operating cost are high, and solar energy resources are not fully utilized. On rainy days, the solar energy heat is not enough, and it is difficult to meet the user's hot water requirements; on sunny days, the solar energy heat is enough, but its heat cannot be collected, wasting energy. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art and to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology, the present invention provides a photovoltaic-coupled air source heat pump water heater system and its control method, which can automatically determine the method of heating cold water by collecting and establishing various models of intelligent algorithms of neural networks based on various weather parameters and parameters of the operation of the heat pump system through the function of intelligent judgment, and make full use of solar energy resources to achieve the demand for efficient provision of hot water at any time.

[0004] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: a photovoltaic coupled air source heat pump water heater system, including a heat pump system and an intelligent device, the intelligent device includes a hardware system and a software system set in the host controller of the heat pump system, the hardware system includes a photovoltaic module and an energy storage device, and a power supply inverter is provided between the energy storage device and the photovoltaic module; the photovoltaic module converts direct current into alternating current under the action of the power supply inverter to drive the operation of the rotor compressor. The system automatically determines to store excess electric energy in the energy storage device, and when the power generation of the photovoltaic module is not enough for the unit's consumption, the energy storage device discharges for use by the heat pump system, ensuring that the heat pump system is in a continuous working state and does not affect the supply of hot water.

[0005] The heat pump system includes a compressor, a high-efficiency tank, a liquid storage tank, an air-side heat exchanger, an electronic expansion valve, a gas-liquid separator, an economizer and a four-way reversing valve. The four-way reversing valve is provided with a D port, an E port, a C port and an S port. The compressor outlet is connected to the D port of the four-way valve. The high-efficiency tank includes a refrigerant inlet and a refrigerant outlet. The refrigerant inlet is connected to the C port of the four-way valve. The refrigerant outlet is connected to the inlet of the liquid storage tank. The outlet of the liquid storage tank is connected to the main inlet of the economizer. The main outlet of the economizer is connected to the inlet of the liquid distributor of the air-cooled heat exchanger. The outlet of the air-cooled heat exchanger is connected to the E port of the four-way valve. The S port of the four-way valve is connected to the air inlet of the compressor. The gas-liquid separator is arranged between the S port of the four-way valve and the air inlet of the compressor.

[0006] The compressor is electrically connected to the photovoltaic module through a power supply inverter.

[0007] As a further solution of the present invention, the pipeline between the compressor outlet and the four-way valve D port is provided with an exhaust probe and a high-pressure switch in sequence along the exhaust direction, and the pipeline between the compressor inlet and the gas-liquid separator is provided with a low-pressure switch and a return air probe in sequence along the inlet direction, and the compressor is a rotary compressor.

[0008] As a further solution of the present invention, a main line filter and an EEV electronic expansion valve are provided on the pipeline between the main line outlet of the economizer and the inlet of the liquid distributor of the air-cooled heat exchanger.

[0009] As a further solution of the present invention, a heat exchange auxiliary circuit is also provided at the outlet of the liquid storage tank, the heat exchange auxiliary circuit is connected to the inlet of the economizer auxiliary circuit, the outlet of the economizer auxiliary circuit is connected to the return air port of the compressor, and the heat exchange auxiliary circuit is provided with an auxiliary circuit filter and an EVI electronic expansion valve in sequence along the liquid inlet direction.

[0010] As a further solution of the present invention, a photovoltaic power supply interface is provided on one side of the power supply inverter, and the photovoltaic power supply interface is connected to the photovoltaic component. A charging and discharging interface is provided on the other side of the power supply inverter, and the charging and discharging interface is connected to the power supply inverter.

[0011] As a further solution of the present invention, the software system includes a photovoltaic system model, a heat pump real-time power consumption model and an energy storage system model, and the photovoltaic system model and the heat pump real-time power consumption model are both preset with an intelligent algorithm program of a neural network;

[0012] The photovoltaic system module is connected to a meteorological sensor for monitoring environmental meteorological parameters, the heat pump real-time power consumption module is connected to an environmental sensor for detecting environmental parameters, and the energy storage system module includes a data comparison module and an energy storage module.

[0013] As a further solution of the present invention, a control method of a photovoltaic coupled air source heat pump water heater, using the photovoltaic coupled air source heat pump water heater system, comprises the following steps:

[0014] Step 1: The compressor is turned on, the heat pump system operates normally, and the heat pump system operation data is obtained;

[0015] Step 2: Construct the power consumption module of the heat pump system: The software system obtains real-time environmental parameters, unit system parameters, time parameters and historical power consumption data based on environmental sensors, and constructs the heat pump real-time power consumption module through the intelligent algorithm of the neural network. The heat pump real-time power consumption module predicts the real-time power consumption b of the heat pump system;

[0016] Step 3: Constructing the photovoltaic system model: The software system constructs the photovoltaic system module based on the data of meteorological parameters, time parameters and historical power generation measured by environmental sensors through the intelligent algorithm of neural network. The photovoltaic system module predicts the real-time power generation c of the photovoltaic system;

[0017] Step 4: In step 2, the real-time power consumption of the heat pump system predicted by the heat pump real-time power consumption module and the real-time power generation of the photovoltaic system predicted by the photovoltaic system module in step 3 are compared through the data comparison module of the energy storage system module, and the energy storage coefficient a is calculated through the energy storage formula, and the energy storage coefficient is displayed on the controller;

[0018] The energy storage formula:

[0019] Step 5: The energy storage coefficient a obtained in step 4, the energy storage module detects that a>5%, the energy storage module controls the energy storage device to start energy storage, the photovoltaic system has surplus power generation in real time, and the surplus power generation is transmitted to the energy storage device through the power supply inverter for storage and standby;

[0020] Step 6: The energy storage coefficient a obtained in step 4, the energy storage module detects that a is less than 5%, the energy storage module controls the energy storage device to exit energy storage, the real-time power generation of the photovoltaic system is insufficient for the heat pump system to consume, and the energy storage device discharges to supply the heat pump system.

[0021] The photovoltaic-coupled air source heat pump water heater system has the function of intelligent judgment. It automatically judges the way to heat cold water based on various environmental parameters and system operation parameters according to the intelligent algorithm, making full use of solar energy resources, so as to meet the demand for efficient provision of hot water at any time. Moreover, the system can quickly judge the best way to heat cold water by making full use of solar energy resources according to various weather conditions, so as to meet the user's self-sufficient demand for hot water, save electricity and avoid wasting energy.

[0022] As a further solution of the present invention, in step 2 of the control method, the environmental parameters include data on outdoor ambient temperature and outdoor humidity, and the unit system parameters include data on evaporation temperature, condensing temperature, inlet and outlet water temperature, working fluid, high pressure, low pressure and operating mode of the heat pump system.

[0023] As a further solution of the present invention, in step 3 of the control method, the meteorological parameters include data on light intensity, solar radiation, cloud cover, precipitation, photovoltaic panel temperature, ambient temperature, azimuth and elevation angle of light.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the system includes a heat pump system and an intelligent device, the intelligent device includes a hardware system and a software system set in the host controller of the heat pump system, the hardware system includes a photovoltaic module and an energy storage device, and a power supply inverter is provided between the energy storage device and the photovoltaic module; the photovoltaic module converts direct current into alternating current under the action of the power supply inverter to drive the operation of the rotor compressor. The system automatically determines to store excess electric energy in the energy storage device, and when the power generation of the photovoltaic module is not enough for the unit's consumption, the energy storage device discharges for use by the heat pump system, ensuring that the heat pump system is in a continuous working state and does not affect the supply of hot water.

[0025] The photovoltaic-coupled air source heat pump water heater system has the function of intelligent judgment. It automatically judges the way to heat cold water based on various environmental parameters and system operation parameters according to the intelligent algorithm, making full use of solar energy resources, so as to meet the demand for efficient provision of hot water at any time. Moreover, the system can quickly judge the best way to heat cold water by making full use of solar energy resources according to various weather conditions, so as to meet the user's self-sufficient demand for hot water, save electricity and avoid wasting energy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the photovoltaic coupled air source heat pump water heater system of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 It is a flow chart of the intelligent model in the control method of the present invention.

[0028] In the figure: 1- photovoltaic module, 2- power supply inverter, 3- energy storage equipment, 4- compressor, 5- high-voltage switch, 6- four-way reversing valve, 7- high-efficiency tank, 8- liquid storage tank, 9- economizer, 10- EEV electronic expansion valve, 11- wind side heat exchanger, 12- gas-liquid separator, 13- return air probe, 14- low-pressure switch, 15- exhaust probe, 16- main line filter, 17- EVI electronic expansion valve, 18- auxiliary line filter. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below through embodiments and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0030] The serial numbers of the components herein, such as "first", "second", etc., are only used to distinguish the objects described and do not have any order or technical meaning. The "connection" and "coupling" mentioned in this application, unless otherwise specified, include direct and indirect connections (couplings). In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc. are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation to the present invention.

[0031] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature means that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, a first feature being "above", "above" or "above" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below", "below" or "below" a second feature means that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0032] Example 1

[0033] like Figure 1 As shown, a photovoltaic-coupled air source heat pump water heater system includes a heat pump system and an intelligent device, the intelligent device includes a hardware system and a software system set in a host controller of the heat pump system, the software system includes a photovoltaic system model, a heat pump real-time power consumption model and an energy storage system model, and the photovoltaic system model and the heat pump real-time power consumption model are both preset with a neural network intelligent algorithm program;

[0034] The photovoltaic system module is connected to a meteorological sensor for monitoring environmental meteorological parameters, the heat pump real-time power consumption module is connected to an environmental sensor for detecting environmental parameters, and the energy storage system module includes a data comparison module and an energy storage module.

[0035] The hardware system includes a photovoltaic component 1 and an energy storage device 3, and a power supply inverter 2 is arranged between the energy storage device and the photovoltaic component; a photovoltaic power supply interface is arranged on one side of the power supply inverter, and the photovoltaic power supply interface is connected to the photovoltaic component; a charge and discharge interface is arranged on the other side of the power supply inverter, and the charge and discharge interface is connected to the power supply inverter 2.

[0036] The heat pump system includes a compressor 4, a high-efficiency tank 7, a liquid storage tank 8, an air-side heat exchanger 11, an electronic expansion valve 1, a gas-liquid separator 12, an economizer 9 and a four-way reversing valve 6. A refrigerant is circulated in the system, and the refrigerant may be R32.

[0037] The four-way reversing valve is provided with a D port, an E port, a C port and an S port. The compressor outlet is connected to the D port of the four-way valve. The pipeline between the compressor outlet and the D port of the four-way valve is provided with an exhaust probe 15 and a high-pressure switch 5 in sequence along the exhaust direction. The pipeline between the compressor inlet and the gas-liquid separator is provided with a low-pressure switch 14 and a return air probe 13 in sequence along the intake direction. The compressor is a rotary compressor.

[0038] The high-efficiency tank includes a refrigerant inlet and a refrigerant outlet. The refrigerant inlet is connected to the C port of the four-way valve, the refrigerant outlet is connected to the inlet of the liquid storage tank, the outlet of the liquid storage tank is connected to the main inlet of the economizer, the main outlet of the economizer is connected to the inlet of the air-cooled heat exchanger liquid distributor, and a main filter 16 and an EEV electronic expansion valve 10 are provided on the pipeline between the main outlet of the economizer and the inlet of the air-cooled heat exchanger liquid distributor.

[0039] The outlet of the air-cooled heat exchanger is connected to the E port of the four-way valve, the S port of the four-way valve is connected to the air inlet of the compressor, and the gas-liquid separator 12 is arranged between the S port of the four-way valve and the air inlet of the compressor;

[0040] The outlet of the liquid storage tank is also provided with a heat exchange auxiliary circuit, which is connected to the inlet of the economizer auxiliary circuit, and the outlet of the economizer auxiliary circuit is connected to the return air port of the compressor. The heat exchange auxiliary circuit is provided with an auxiliary circuit filter 18 and an EVI electronic expansion valve 17 in sequence along the liquid inlet direction.

[0041] The compressor 4 is electrically connected to the photovoltaic module 1 through the power inverter 2. The compressor is a rotor compressor. The photovoltaic module converts direct current into alternating current under the action of the power inverter to drive the operation of the rotor compressor. When the power generation of the photovoltaic module is not enough for the consumption of the compressor, the energy storage device discharges for use by the heat pump system.

[0042] The rotary compressor absorbs low-pressure steam refrigerant from the air-cooled heat exchanger and turns it into high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant. After heat exchange with water in the high-efficiency tank, the high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant is condensed into high-pressure and low-temperature refrigerant. Heat exchange is performed again in the economizer, and part of the refrigerant returns to the compressor after heat exchange. The other part of the refrigerant is transformed into low-temperature and low-pressure gaseous refrigerant under the action of the EEV electronic expansion valve, and the low-temperature and low-pressure gaseous refrigerant flows to the air-side heat exchanger. The low-temperature and low-pressure gaseous refrigerant evaporates and absorbs heat and boils in the air-side heat exchanger. After it becomes a vapor-state low-temperature and low-pressure gaseous refrigerant, it passes through the gas-liquid separator and is sucked into the suction pipe of the rotary compressor. The refrigerant in the system circulates continuously under the action of the compressor power. The hot water after heat exchange in the high-efficiency tank enters each household for use.

[0043] Example 2

[0044] The photovoltaic module 1 converts direct current into alternating current under the action of the power supply inverter to drive the operation of the rotor compressor. When the power generation of the photovoltaic module is not enough to meet the consumption of the compressor, the energy storage device discharges for use by the heat pump system. A control method for a photovoltaic-coupled air-source heat pump water heater, using the photovoltaic-coupled air-source heat pump water heater system, includes the following steps:

[0045] Step 1: The compressor is turned on, the heat pump system operates normally, and the heat pump system operation data is obtained;

[0046] Step 2: Construct the power consumption module of the heat pump system: The software system obtains real-time environmental parameters, unit system parameters, time parameters and historical power consumption data based on environmental sensors, and constructs the heat pump real-time power consumption module through the intelligent algorithm of the neural network. The heat pump real-time power consumption module predicts the real-time power consumption b of the heat pump system;

[0047] Among them, the environmental parameters include data on outdoor ambient temperature and outdoor humidity, and the unit system parameters include data on evaporation temperature, condensing temperature, inlet and outlet water temperature, working fluid, high pressure, low pressure and operation mode of the heat pump system.

[0048] Step 3: Constructing the photovoltaic system model: The software system constructs the photovoltaic system module based on the data of meteorological parameters, time parameters and historical power generation measured by environmental sensors through the intelligent algorithm of neural network. The photovoltaic system module predicts the real-time power generation c of the photovoltaic system;

[0049] A neural network is a computational model that simulates the way neurons in the human brain are connected. Through training and learning, it can simulate complex nonlinear mapping relationships. The regression problem related to neural networks refers to predicting the value of a continuous variable, and neural networks have a strong ability to handle regression problems. A fully connected neural network is used as a model, and its structure includes an input layer, a hidden layer, and an output layer.

[0050] Among them, meteorological parameters include data on light intensity, solar radiation, cloud cover, precipitation, photovoltaic panel temperature, ambient temperature, azimuth and elevation angle of light.

[0051] Step 4: In step 2, the real-time power consumption of the heat pump system predicted by the heat pump real-time power consumption module and the real-time power generation of the photovoltaic system predicted by the photovoltaic system module in step 3 are compared through the data comparison module of the energy storage system module, and the energy storage coefficient a is calculated through the energy storage formula, and the energy storage coefficient is displayed on the controller;

[0052] The energy storage formula:

[0053] Step 5: The energy storage coefficient a obtained in step 4, the energy storage module detects that a>5%, the energy storage module controls the energy storage device to start energy storage, the photovoltaic system has surplus power generation in real time, and the surplus power generation is transmitted to the energy storage device through the power supply inverter for storage and standby;

[0054] Step 6: The energy storage coefficient a obtained in step 4, the energy storage module detects that a is less than 5%, the energy storage module controls the energy storage device to exit energy storage, the real-time power generation of the photovoltaic system is insufficient for the heat pump system to consume, and the energy storage device discharges to supply the heat pump system.

[0055] The electrical components mentioned in this article are all connected to an external main controller and 380V commercial power, and the main controller can be a conventional known device for control such as a computer.

[0056] In the description of this specification, the terms "connect", "install", "fix", "set", etc. are understood in a broad sense. For example, "connection" is a fixed connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate component without affecting the relationship between components and the technical effect. It can also be an integral connection or a partial connection. As in this example, for ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention or invention can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0057] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic coupled air source heat pump water heater system, characterized in that: The invention comprises a heat pump system and an intelligent device, wherein the intelligent device comprises a hardware system and a software system arranged in a host controller of the heat pump system, the hardware system comprises a photovoltaic module (1) and an energy storage device (3), and a power supply inverter (2) is arranged between the energy storage device and the photovoltaic module; The heat pump system comprises a compressor (4), a high-efficiency tank (7), a liquid storage tank (8), an air-side heat exchanger (11), an electronic expansion valve, a gas-liquid separator (12), an economizer (9) and a four-way reversing valve (6), wherein the four-way reversing valve is provided with a D port, an E port, a C port and an S port, the compressor air outlet is connected to the D port of the four-way valve, the high-efficiency tank comprises a refrigerant inlet and a refrigerant outlet, the refrigerant inlet is connected to the C port of the four-way valve, the refrigerant outlet is connected to the liquid storage tank inlet, the liquid storage tank outlet is connected to the main inlet of the economizer, the main outlet of the economizer is connected to the inlet of the liquid distributor of the air-cooled heat exchanger, the air-cooled heat exchanger outlet is connected to the E port of the four-way valve, the S port of the four-way valve is connected to the compressor air inlet, and the gas-liquid separator is arranged between the S port of the four-way valve and the compressor air inlet; The compressor (4) is electrically connected to the photovoltaic assembly (1) via the power supply inverter (2).

2. A photovoltaic coupled air source heat pump water heater system according to claim 1, characterized in that: An exhaust probe (15) and a high-pressure switch (5) are provided in sequence on the pipeline between the compressor air outlet and the four-way valve D port along the exhaust direction, and a low-pressure switch (14) and a return air probe (13) are provided in sequence on the pipeline between the compressor air inlet and the gas-liquid separator along the air inlet direction. The compressor is a rotary compressor.

3. A photovoltaic coupled air source heat pump water heater system according to claim 2, characterized in that: A main line filter (16) and an EEV electronic expansion valve (10) are provided on the pipeline between the main line outlet of the economizer and the inlet of the air-cooled heat exchanger liquid distributor.

4. A photovoltaic coupled air source heat pump water heater system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The outlet of the liquid storage tank is also provided with a heat exchange auxiliary circuit, which is connected to the inlet of the economizer auxiliary circuit, and the outlet of the economizer auxiliary circuit is connected to the return air port of the compressor. The heat exchange auxiliary circuit is provided with an auxiliary circuit filter (18) and an EVI electronic expansion valve (17) in sequence along the liquid inlet direction.

5. A photovoltaic coupled air source heat pump water heater system according to claim 4, characterized in that: A photovoltaic power supply interface is provided on one side of the power supply inverter (2), and the photovoltaic power supply interface is connected to the photovoltaic module. A charging and discharging interface is provided on the other side of the power supply inverter (2), and the charging and discharging interface is connected to the power supply inverter (2).

6. A photovoltaic coupled air source heat pump water heater system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The software system includes a photovoltaic system model, a heat pump real-time power consumption model and an energy storage system model. The photovoltaic system model and the heat pump real-time power consumption model both have preset neural network intelligent algorithm programs; The photovoltaic system module is connected to a meteorological sensor for monitoring environmental meteorological parameters, the heat pump real-time power consumption module is connected to an environmental sensor for detecting environmental parameters, and the energy storage system module includes a data comparison module and an energy storage module.

7. A control method for a photovoltaic-coupled air-source heat pump water heater, using the photovoltaic-coupled air-source heat pump water heater system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: The compressor is turned on, the heat pump system operates normally, and the heat pump system operation data is obtained; Step 2: Construct the power consumption module of the heat pump system: The software system obtains real-time environmental parameters, unit system parameters, time parameters and historical power consumption data based on environmental sensors, and constructs the heat pump real-time power consumption module through the intelligent algorithm of the neural network. The heat pump real-time power consumption module predicts the real-time power consumption b of the heat pump system; Step 3: Constructing the photovoltaic system model: The software system constructs the photovoltaic system module based on the data of meteorological parameters, time parameters and historical power generation measured by environmental sensors through the intelligent algorithm of neural network. The photovoltaic system module predicts the real-time power generation c of the photovoltaic system; Step 4: In step 2, the real-time power consumption of the heat pump system predicted by the heat pump real-time power consumption module and the real-time power generation of the photovoltaic system predicted by the photovoltaic system module in step 3 are compared through the data comparison module of the energy storage system module, and the energy storage coefficient a is calculated through the energy storage formula, and the energy storage coefficient is displayed on the controller; The energy storage formula: Step 5: The energy storage coefficient a obtained in step 4, the energy storage module detects that a>5%, the energy storage module controls the energy storage device to start energy storage, the photovoltaic system has surplus power generation in real time, and the surplus power generation is transmitted to the energy storage device through the power supply inverter for storage and standby; Step 6: The energy storage coefficient a obtained in step 4, the energy storage module detects that a is less than 5%, the energy storage module controls the energy storage device to exit energy storage, the real-time power generation of the photovoltaic system is insufficient for the heat pump system to consume, and the energy storage device discharges to supply the heat pump system.

8. The control method of a photovoltaic coupled air source heat pump water heater according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step 2 of the control method, the environmental parameters include data on outdoor ambient temperature and outdoor humidity, and the unit system parameters include data on evaporation temperature, condensing temperature, inlet and outlet water temperature, working fluid, high pressure, low pressure and operating mode of the heat pump system.

9. The control method of a photovoltaic coupled air source heat pump water heater according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step 3 of the control method, the meteorological parameters include data on light intensity, solar radiation, cloud cover, precipitation, photovoltaic panel temperature, ambient temperature, azimuth angle and elevation angle of light.

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