Multi-grade cold heat electricity flexible supply system based on carnot cell

Abstract

The application provides a multi-grade cold and heat electricity flexible supply system based on a Carnot cell, utilizes the cycle characteristics of the Carnot cell system for heat absorption from a low-temperature side and heat supply to a high-temperature side, and innovatively designs a multi-form energy supply and cold and heat multi-grade supply and storage system structure, so that only one set of system can be used to more flexibly realize multiple functions including charging, power supply, heat supply and cold supply, the equipment and energy storage costs are greatly reduced, the system scale can be flexibly adjusted according to needs, the geographical and climate condition constraints in different application scenarios are overcome, the use of the Carnot cell is expanded compared with the prior art, and the Carnot cell has extremely high performance advantages and promotion value.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of energy storage technology, specifically relating to a multi-grade flexible supply system for cooling, heating, and electricity based on Carnot batteries. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, flexible supply of multi-grade cooling, heating, and electricity has enormous application potential in scenarios such as industrial parks, commercial parks, and residential areas. However, with the large-scale integration of fluctuating renewable energy sources and the increasing randomness of diverse user load demands, the supply-demand mismatch problem is becoming increasingly serious, significantly increasing the demand for energy storage technology. Currently, the efficiency of some energy storage systems using Carnot batteries still has considerable room for improvement. Therefore, how to synergistically combine cooling, heating, and electricity supply technologies with energy storage technologies to achieve more efficient and lower-cost energy utilization is a key challenge. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of this, and in response to the technical problems existing in this field, the present invention provides a multi-grade flexible supply system for heating, cooling and electricity based on a Carnot battery, which consists of a heat pump device, a power generation device, a high-temperature hot tank, a low-temperature hot tank and a cold tank;

[0004] The heat pump unit is connected to the cold tank, the high-temperature hot tank and the low-temperature hot tank respectively, and is used to circulate the heat pump working fluid to exchange heat with the cold storage medium in the cold tank, release heat to the heat storage medium to supply heat to the high-temperature hot tank, and absorb heat from the heat storage medium from the low-temperature hot tank.

[0005] Cold tanks are used for refrigeration and heat exchange between cold storage medium and heat storage medium, transferring heat to heat pump devices, and storing low-temperature cold energy;

[0006] High-temperature hot tanks are used to store high-temperature or medium-temperature thermal energy through heat exchange between the heat storage medium and the heat pump working fluid, and to expand and do work through heat exchange between the heat storage medium and the power generation working fluid, thereby driving the power generation device to generate electricity.

[0007] Low-temperature thermal tanks are used to store medium-temperature thermal energy by exchanging heat between the thermal storage medium and the power generation working fluid after expansion and work, and to store medium-temperature cold energy by exchanging heat between the thermal storage medium and the cold storage medium.

[0008] The system achieves four working modes: charging, cooling, heating, and power generation through heat pump circulation and heat exchange between the heat pump working fluid, heat storage medium, cold storage medium, and power generation working fluid.

[0009] In charging mode, the heat pump device is driven by externally input electrical energy. It exchanges heat with the heat storage medium through the heat pump working fluid and stores the heat energy in the high-temperature hot tank. At the same time, the heat pump device also makes the heat pump working fluid absorb heat from the cold storage medium, so that the cold tank is cooled down and stores the low-temperature cold energy.

[0010] In cooling mode, the cold tank provides low-temperature cooling energy to the outside of the system, while the low-temperature hot tank provides medium-temperature cooling energy to the outside of the system as needed.

[0011] In heating mode, the high-temperature heating tank provides high-temperature or medium-temperature heat energy to the outside of the system, while the low-temperature heating tank provides medium-temperature heat energy to the outside of the system as needed.

[0012] In power supply mode, the high-temperature heat storage medium in the high-temperature hot tank exchanges heat with the power generation working fluid, causing it to expand and do work to drive the power generation device to output electrical energy, and storing the cooled heat storage medium in the low-temperature hot tank.

[0013] Furthermore, the heat pump cycle of the system can be specifically selected from any one of the following types: subcritical cycle, transcritical cycle, cascade cycle, multi-stage compression cycle, intermediate regenerative cycle, etc.

[0014] Furthermore, the power generation cycle of the system can be specifically selected from any one of the following types: Rankine cycle, Brayton cycle, organic Rankine cycle, flash cycle, organic flash cycle, etc.

[0015] Furthermore, the cold storage medium is specifically selected from thermal cold storage medium, latent heat cold storage medium, etc.

[0016] Furthermore, the heat storage medium may be specifically selected from sensible heat storage medium, latent heat storage medium, etc.

[0017] The multi-grade flexible supply system for heating, cooling, and electricity based on Carnot batteries provided by the present invention utilizes the cyclical characteristics of Carnot battery systems, which absorb heat from the low-temperature side and supply heat to the high-temperature side. It innovatively designs a system structure that can provide multiple forms of energy and multi-grade heating and cooling supply and storage. Using only one system, it can flexibly realize multiple functions including charging, power supply, heating, and cooling, significantly reducing equipment and energy storage costs. The system scale can be flexibly adjusted as needed, overcoming the geographical and climatic constraints in different application scenarios. Compared with existing technologies, it expands the applications of Carnot batteries and has extremely high performance advantages and promotional value. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the flexible multi-grade cooling, heating, and power supply system based on Carnot batteries provided by the present invention;

[0019] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached diagram: 1-Power generation device, 2-Heat pump device, 3-High temperature hot tank, 4-Low temperature hot tank, 5-Cold tank. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solution of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0022] The present invention provides a multi-grade flexible supply system for cooling, heating, and electricity based on Carnot batteries, such as... Figure 1 As shown, it consists of a heat pump unit 2, a power generation unit 1, a high-temperature hot tank 3, a low-temperature hot tank 4, and a cold tank 5;

[0023] Among them, the heat pump device 2 is connected to the cold tank 5, the high-temperature hot tank 3 and the low-temperature hot tank 4 respectively, and is used to circulate the heat pump working fluid such as R1233zd(E) to exchange heat with the cold storage medium in the cold tank 5, release heat to the heat storage medium to supply heat to the high-temperature hot tank 3, and absorb heat from the heat storage medium from the low-temperature hot tank 4.

[0024] The cold tank 5 is used for refrigeration and heat exchange between the cold storage medium and the heat storage medium to transfer heat to the heat pump device 2, as well as to store low-temperature cold energy.

[0025] The high-temperature hot tank 3 is used to store high-temperature or medium-temperature thermal energy through heat exchange between the heat storage medium and the heat pump working fluid, and to expand and do work through heat exchange between the heat storage medium and the power generation working fluid such as R1234ze(E), and drive the power generation device 1 to generate electricity.

[0026] The low-temperature hot tank 4 is used to store medium-temperature thermal energy by exchanging heat between the thermal storage medium and the power generation working fluid after expansion and work, and to store medium-temperature cold energy by exchanging heat between the thermal storage medium and the cold storage medium.

[0027] The system achieves four working modes: charging, cooling, heating, and power generation through heat pump circulation and heat exchange between the heat pump working fluid, heat storage medium, cold storage medium, and power generation working fluid.

[0028] In charging mode, the heat pump device 2 is driven by externally input electrical energy. Through heat exchange between the heat pump working fluid and the heat storage medium, the heat energy is stored in the high-temperature hot tank 3. At the same time, the heat pump device 2 also causes the heat pump working fluid to absorb heat from the cold storage medium, thereby cooling the cold tank 5 and storing low-temperature cold energy (such as cold energy below 5°C).

[0029] In cooling mode, cold tank 5 provides low-temperature cold energy to the outside of the system, while low-temperature hot tank 4 provides medium-temperature cold energy (such as cold energy of 5-15℃) to the outside of the system as needed.

[0030] In heating mode, high-temperature heat tank 3 provides high-temperature or medium-temperature heat energy (such as heat energy of 90-150℃) to the outside of the system, while low-temperature heat tank 4 provides medium-temperature heat energy (such as heat energy of 50-90℃) to the outside of the system as needed.

[0031] In power supply mode, the high-temperature heat storage medium in the high-temperature hot tank 3 exchanges heat with the power generation working fluid, causing it to expand and do work to drive the power generation device 1 to output electrical energy, and the heat storage medium that has cooled down after heat exchange is stored in the low-temperature hot tank 4.

[0032] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the heat pump cycle of the system is specifically selected from any one of the following types: subcritical cycle, transcritical cycle, cascade cycle, multi-stage compression cycle, intermediate regenerative cycle, etc.

[0033] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the power generation cycle of the system is specifically selected from any one of the following types: Rankine cycle, Brayton cycle, organic Rankine cycle, flash cycle, organic flash cycle, etc.

[0034] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the cold storage medium is specifically selected from thermal cold storage medium, latent heat cold storage medium, etc.

[0035] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the heat storage medium is specifically selected from sensible heat storage medium, latent heat storage medium, etc.

[0036] It should be understood that the sequence number of each step in the embodiments of the present invention does not imply the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0037] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A multi-grade flexible supply system for cooling, heating, and electricity based on Carnot batteries, characterized in that: It consists of a heat pump unit, a power generation unit, a high-temperature hot tank, a low-temperature hot tank, and a cold tank; The heat pump unit is connected to the cold tank, the high-temperature hot tank and the low-temperature hot tank respectively, and is used to circulate the heat pump working fluid to exchange heat with the cold storage medium in the cold tank, release heat to the heat storage medium to supply heat to the high-temperature hot tank, and absorb heat from the heat storage medium from the low-temperature hot tank. Cold tanks are used for refrigeration and heat exchange between cold storage medium and heat storage medium, transferring heat to heat pump devices, and storing low-temperature cold energy; High-temperature hot tanks are used to store high-temperature or medium-temperature thermal energy through heat exchange between the heat storage medium and the heat pump working fluid, and to expand and do work through heat exchange between the heat storage medium and the power generation working fluid, thereby driving the power generation device to generate electricity. Low-temperature thermal tanks are used to store medium-temperature thermal energy by exchanging heat between the thermal storage medium and the power generation working fluid after expansion and work, and to store medium-temperature cold energy by exchanging heat between the thermal storage medium and the cold storage medium. The system achieves four working modes: charging, cooling, heating, and power generation through heat pump circulation and heat exchange between the heat pump working fluid, heat storage medium, cold storage medium, and power generation working fluid. In charging mode, the heat pump device is driven by externally input electrical energy. It exchanges heat with the heat storage medium through the heat pump working fluid and stores the heat energy in the high-temperature hot tank. At the same time, the heat pump device also makes the heat pump working fluid absorb heat from the cold storage medium, so that the cold tank is cooled down and stores the low-temperature cold energy. In cooling mode, the cold tank provides low-temperature cold energy to the outside of the system, while the low-temperature hot tank provides medium-temperature cold energy of 5-15℃ to the outside of the system as needed. In heating mode, the high-temperature heating tank provides high-temperature or medium-temperature heat energy of 90-150℃ to the outside of the system, while the low-temperature heating tank provides medium-temperature heat energy of 50-90℃ to the outside of the system as needed. In power supply mode, the high-temperature heat storage medium in the high-temperature hot tank exchanges heat with the power generation working fluid, causing it to expand and do work to drive the power generation device to output electrical energy, and storing the cooled heat storage medium in the low-temperature hot tank.

2. The system as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The specific selection of the heat pump cycle of the system is: any one of the following types: subcritical cycle, transcritical cycle, cascade cycle, multi-stage compression cycle, and intermediate regenerative cycle.

3. The system as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The specific selection of the power generation cycle of the system is: any one of the following types: Rankine cycle, Brayton cycle, organic Rankine cycle, flash cycle, and organic flash cycle.

4. The system as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The cold storage medium can be selected from either thermal cold storage medium or latent heat cold storage medium.

5. The system as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The heat storage medium can be selected from either sensible heat storage medium or latent heat storage medium.

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