Cooperative monitoring device and method for frost heaving deformation and surface displacement of side slope in cold region

Abstract

The invention discloses a device and method for cooperatively monitoring frost heaving deformation and surface displacement of a side slope in a cold region, and relates to the technical field of displacement monitoring, the device discloses a GNSS base, a GNSS antenna is fixedly installed in the middle of the top of the GNSS base, a monitoring analysis assembly is arranged on one side of the GNSS antenna, frost heaving meters are fixedly installed at the four corners of the bottom of the GNSS base respectively, and the monitoring analysis assembly is arranged on the other side of the GNSS antenna. The monitoring and analyzing assembly comprises a regular monitoring module and a monitoring and analyzing module, the regular monitoring module is used for regularly acquiring the actual displacement and the simulation displacement of the side slope, and the tiny deformation of the side slope can be effectively captured through the combination of the GNSS antenna and the four frost heaving meters; and the regular monitoring module and the monitoring analysis module can timely find the monitoring accuracy problem of the monitoring device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of displacement monitoring technology, and more specifically, to a device and method for collaboratively monitoring frost heave deformation and surface displacement of slopes in cold regions. Background Art

[0002] In the monitoring of slope deformation in cold regions, it is usually necessary to evaluate the influence of frost heave deformation and surface displacement caused by other factors separately. In the existing monitoring technology, GNSS surface displacement and frost heave deformation need to be carried out independently. On the one hand, GNSS surface displacement monitoring avoids the influence of frost heave deformation by deeply burying the equipment foundation, which causes great damage to the original structure of the slope; on the other hand, frost heave deformation monitoring may also be affected by the overall displacement of the slope, resulting in unreliable monitoring data.

[0003] In addition, existing monitoring methods often lack intelligence and automation and require more manual intervention, which not only increases monitoring costs but also reduces monitoring efficiency. At the same time, there are also deficiencies in the in-depth analysis of monitoring results, making it difficult to accurately judge the monitoring accuracy of the monitoring device, thus affecting the accuracy of slope stability assessment.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a device and method that can achieve comprehensive, efficient and accurate monitoring of frost heave deformation and surface displacement of slopes in cold regions, so as to improve the accuracy and reliability of monitoring and provide a scientific basis for the assessment and early warning of slope stability. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a device and method for collaboratively monitoring frost heave deformation and surface displacement of slopes in cold regions.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: A coordinated monitoring device for frost heave deformation and surface displacement of slopes in cold regions, comprising a GNSS base, a GNSS antenna is fixedly installed at the middle position of the top of the GNSS base, a monitoring and analysis component is arranged on one side of the GNSS antenna, and frost heave meters are fixedly installed at the four corner positions of the bottom of the GNSS base; The frost heave meter comprises a connecting rod, a large flange is fixedly mounted at the bottom of the connecting rod, a measuring rod is mounted at the bottom of the large flange, and a small flange is mounted at the bottom of the measuring rod; The monitoring and analysis component includes a regular monitoring module and a monitoring and analysis module; The regular monitoring module is used to regularly obtain the actual displacement and simulated displacement of the slope; The monitoring and analysis module obtains the actual displacement and simulated displacement of the slope regularly, obtains the displacement difference value based on the actual displacement and the simulated displacement, and determines whether the monitoring device needs to be inspected based on the comparison result of the displacement difference value with the high displacement difference value and the low displacement difference value.

[0007] Furthermore, the coordinated monitoring method of frost heave deformation and surface displacement of slopes in cold regions includes the following steps: Step S1: Arrange a square area at the position to be measured, and arrange drilling holes at the four end positions of the square; Step S2: placing the frost heave meter of the monitoring device into the bottom of the hole, and fixing the small flange at the bottom of the hole by grouting; Step S3: burying the large flange and the GNSS base at the hole; Step S4: Regularly obtain the actual displacement and simulated displacement of the slope, obtain the displacement difference value based on the actual displacement and the simulated displacement, and determine whether the monitoring device needs to be tested based on the comparison result of the displacement difference value with the high displacement difference value and the low displacement difference value.

[0008] Furthermore, a square area is arranged at the position to be measured, and drill holes are arranged at the four end points of the square. Specifically, the drill holes are buried, the drill holes are vertical, the hole depth should be consistent with the total length of the frost heave meter, and a square area is excavated 30 cm away from the hole mouth and leveled.

[0009] Furthermore, the actual displacement and simulated displacement of the slope are obtained regularly, and the displacement difference value is obtained based on the actual displacement and the simulated displacement. Specifically, a preset time period h is set, and at each time node of the time period h, the slope deformation simulation model updated at the previous time node is obtained, and the simulated displacement L', K', M' of the slope at the current time node is obtained based on the slope deformation simulation model, and then the actual displacement L, K, M of the slope at the current time node is obtained, and the formula is used Get the displacement difference value pds.

[0010] Furthermore, based on the comparison results of the displacement gap value with the high displacement gap value and the low displacement gap value, it is determined whether it is necessary to inspect the monitoring device, specifically: the high displacement gap value and the low displacement gap value are set, when the displacement gap value is greater than or equal to the high displacement gap value, it is determined that the monitoring device needs to be inspected, when the displacement gap value is less than or equal to the low displacement gap value, the slope deformation monitoring of the current time node is completed, and the slope deformation simulation model is updated synchronously, when the displacement gap value is between the high displacement gap value and the low displacement gap value, the displacement analysis value is obtained, and the displacement analysis threshold is set, when the displacement analysis value is greater than or equal to the displacement analysis threshold, it is determined that the monitoring device needs to be inspected, when the displacement analysis value is less than the displacement analysis threshold, the slope deformation monitoring of the current time node is completed, and the slope deformation simulation model is updated synchronously.

[0011] Furthermore, the displacement analysis value is obtained in the following way: obtain the displacement gap value of the slope at n time nodes before the current time, sort all the displacement gap values ​​in the order of the time nodes, calculate the difference between the displacement gap values ​​of two adjacent time nodes after sorting and take the absolute value to obtain the gap change value, set the gap change threshold, when the gap change value is greater than or equal to the gap change threshold, increase the gap change times by one, mark the gap change times as SDj, sum the displacement gap values ​​of two adjacent time nodes after sorting to obtain the gap duration value, set the gap duration threshold, when the gap duration value is greater than or equal to the gap duration threshold, increase the gap duration times by one, mark the gap duration times as TGe, sum all the displacement gap values ​​and take the average to obtain the displacement gap mean ZKr, and use the formula The displacement analysis value XFb is obtained, where za is the gap variation coefficient and zb is the gap persistence coefficient.

[0012] Furthermore, the actual displacement L, K, and M of the slope at the current time node are obtained, specifically: Step S41: setting the GNSS original coordinates of the previous time node of the monitoring device to G (x, y, z), setting the center coordinates of the four small flanges to be the center coordinates A (x1, y1, z1), B (x2, y2, z2), C (x3, y3, z3), and D (x4, y4, z4), respectively, and the center coordinates of the small flanges remain unchanged; Step S42: The center coordinates of the four large flanges change with the displacement and deformation of the slope; the center coordinates of the four large flanges at the previous time node are set to be A´(x1´, y1´, z1´), B´(x2´, y2´, z2´), C´(x3´, y3´, z3´), and D´(x4´, y4´, z4´); A´B´C´D´ are in the same plane, and the coordinates of their intersection O´(x0´, y0´, z0´) are the original coordinates of frost heave; the x-direction coordinate of point O´: x0´=(x1´+x2´+x3´+x4´) / 4; the y-direction coordinate: y0´=(y1´+y2´+y3´+y4´) / 4; the z-direction coordinate: z0´=(z1´+z2´+z3´+z4´) / 4; Step S43: Set the GNSS coordinate change of the current time node to G´(x´, y´, z´); the lengths of the four measuring rods are marked as L1, L2, L3, and L4 respectively, and set the center coordinates of the four large flanges at the current time node to A´´(x1´´, y1´´, z1´´), B´´(x2´´, y2´´, z2´´), C´´(x3´´, y3´´, z3´´), and D´´(x4´´, y4´´, z4´´), and calculate the displacements N, P, and Q of the frost heave deformation in the three-dimensional direction; Step S44: Obtain the displacement of GNSS deformation in three dimensions: R=x´-x; S=y´-y; T=z0´-z0, and then obtain the actual displacement L, K, M of the slope at the current time node; where L=RN, K=SP, M=TQ.

[0013] Furthermore, the displacement N, P, and Q of frost heave deformation in three dimensions are calculated by combining the following equations: AA´´: (x 1- x1´´ 2 + (y 1- y1´´) 2 +(z 1- z1´´) 2 =L1 2 ; - BB´´: (x 2- x2´´) 2 + (y 2- y2´´) 2 +(z 2- z2´´) 2 =L2 2 ; CC´´: (x 3- x3´´) 2 + (y 3- y3´´) 2 +(z 3- z3´´)2 =L3 2 4 DD:(x 4- x4) 2 +(y 4- y4 ́ ́) 2 +(z 4- z4 ́ ́) 2 =L4 2 4 A ́ ́B ́ ́:(x1 ́ ́ - x2 ́) 2 +(y1 ́ ́ - y2 ́ ́) 2 +(z1 ́ ́ - z2 ́ ́) 2 =n 2 4 A ́ ́C ́ ́:(x1 ́ ́ - x3?) 2 +(y1 ́ ́ - y3 ́ ́) 2 +(z1 ́ ́ - z3 ́ ́) 2 =p 2 4 A ́ ́ D ́ ́:(x1 ́ ́ - x4) 2 +(y1 ́ ́ - y4 ́ ́) 2 +(z1 ́ ́ - z4 ́ ́) 2 =q 2 4 B ́ C ́ ́:(x2 ́ ́ - x3?) 2 +(y2 ́ - y3 ́ ́) 2 +(z2 ́ ́ - z3 ́ ́) 2 =q 2 4 B ́ D ́ ́:(x2 ́ ́ - x4) 2 +(y2 ́ - y4 ́ ́) 2 +(z2 ́ ́ - z4 ́ ́) 2 =p 2 4 D ́ ́ C ́ ́:(x4 ́ ́ - x3?) 2 +(y4 ́ - y3 ́ ́) 2 +(z4 ́ ́- z3´´) 2 =n 2 ; Among them, n and q are the side lengths of the square, and p is the length of the diagonal; Frost heave deformation coordinates, that is, the coordinates of the square center point O´´ (x0´´, y0´´, z0´´): x-coordinate: x0´´=(x1´´+x2´´+x3´´+x4´´) / 4; y-direction coordinate: y0´´=(y1´´+y2´´+y3´´+y4´´) / 4; z-direction coordinate: z0´´=(z1´´+z2´´+z3´´+z4´´) / 4; The displacements of frost heave deformation in three-dimensional directions are N=x0´´-x0´; P=y0´´-y0´; Q=z0´´-z0´.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The monitoring device of the present invention can effectively capture the slight deformation of the slope through the combination of the GNSS antenna and four frost heave meters. The regular monitoring module and the monitoring analysis module can timely discover the monitoring accuracy problems of the monitoring device; 2. The method of the present invention combines the frost heave meter with GNSS technology to achieve efficient and accurate monitoring of frost heave deformation and surface displacement on a regular basis, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of monitoring. In addition, the monitoring results are deeply analyzed through the slope deformation simulation model to efficiently determine the monitoring accuracy of the monitoring device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of the method for coordinated monitoring of frost heave deformation and surface displacement of slopes in cold regions; Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the coordinated monitoring device for frost heave deformation and surface displacement of slopes in cold regions; Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional coordinate diagram of the collaborative monitoring device for frost heave deformation and surface displacement of slopes in cold regions.

[0016] 100. frost heave meter; 101. small flange; 200. measuring rod; 201. bracket; 300. large flange; 301. connecting rod; 400. GNSS base; 500. GNSS antenna; 600. monitoring and analysis component. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] Embodiment 1, refer to Figure 1 , the coordinated monitoring method of frost heave deformation and surface displacement of slopes in cold regions includes the following steps: Step S1: Arrange a square (about 500mm*500mm) area at the location to be measured, and arrange drill holes at the four end points (ABCD) of the square; use drilling to bury the holes, the holes are vertical, the hole diameter is about 100mm, and the hole depth should be consistent with the total length of the frost heave meter 100; excavate a square (500mm*500mm) area about 30cm away from the hole mouth and level it.

[0018] Step S2: Place the frost heave meter 100 of the monitoring device into the bottom of the hole (after being placed into the bottom of the hole, the frost heave meter 100 can be fixed in the hole by the pop-up bracket 201), and fix the small flange 101 to the bottom of the hole by grouting. The grouting volume per hole is about 3.14dm 3 .

[0019] Step S3: bury the large flange 300 and the GNSS base 400 at the hole.

[0020] Step S4: Set a preset time period h (h is the duration of each time period). At each time node of the time period h, obtain the slope deformation simulation model updated at the previous time node, obtain the simulated displacement L', K', M' of the slope at the current time node based on the slope deformation simulation model, and then obtain the actual displacement L, K, M of the slope at the current time node. Use the formula Get the displacement gap value pds, set the high displacement gap value and the low displacement gap value (the high displacement gap value is greater than the low displacement gap value, and both the high displacement gap value and the low displacement gap value are system set thresholds). When the displacement gap value is greater than or equal to the high displacement gap value, it is determined that the monitoring device needs to be tested. When the displacement gap value is less than or equal to the low displacement gap value, the slope deformation monitoring of the current time node is completed, and the slope deformation simulation model is updated synchronously. When the displacement gap value is between the high displacement gap value and the low displacement gap value, the displacement analysis value is obtained, and the displacement analysis threshold is set (the displacement analysis threshold is the system set threshold). When the displacement analysis value is greater than or equal to the displacement analysis threshold, it is determined that the monitoring device needs to be tested. When the displacement analysis value is less than the displacement analysis threshold, the slope deformation monitoring of the current time node is completed, and the slope deformation simulation model is updated synchronously.

[0021] The displacement analysis value is obtained in the following way: obtain the displacement gap value of the slope at n time nodes before the current time, sort all the displacement gap values ​​in the order of the time nodes, calculate the difference between the displacement gap values ​​of the two adjacent time nodes after sorting and take the absolute value to obtain the gap change value, set the gap change threshold (the gap change value is the system set threshold), when the gap change value is greater than or equal to the gap change threshold, increase the gap change times by one, when the gap change value is less than the gap change threshold, do not do corresponding processing, mark the gap change times as SDj, sum the displacement gap values ​​of the two adjacent time nodes after sorting to obtain the gap duration value, set the gap duration threshold (the gap duration threshold is the system set threshold), when the gap duration value is greater than or equal to the gap duration threshold, increase the gap duration times by one, when the gap duration value is less than the gap duration threshold, do not do corresponding processing, mark the gap duration times as TGe, sum all the displacement gap values ​​and take the average to obtain the displacement gap mean ZKr, and use the formula The displacement analysis value XFb is obtained, where za is the gap variation coefficient, zb is the gap persistence coefficient, the value of za is 0.97, and the value of zb is 0.83.

[0022] Step S41: The GNSS coordinates of the monitoring device can be obtained through the GNSS antenna 500, and the GNSS original coordinates of the monitoring device are set to G (x, y, z). The center coordinates of the four small flanges 101 are set to be center coordinates A (x1, y1, z1), B (x2, y2, z2), C (x3, y3, z3), and D (x4, y4, z4), respectively. The center coordinates of the small flange 101 remain unchanged.

[0023] Step S42: The center coordinates of the four large flanges 300 will change with the displacement and deformation of the slope; the center coordinates of the four large flanges 300 are set to A´(x1´,y1´,z1´), B´(x2´,y2´,z2´), C´(x3´,y3´,z3´), and D´(x4´,y4´,z4´); A´B´C´D´ are in the same plane, and the coordinates of their intersection O´(x0´,y0´,z0´) are the original coordinates of frost heave; the x-direction coordinate of point O´: x0´=(x1´+x2´+x3´+x4´) / 4; the y-direction coordinate: y0´=(y1´+y2´+y3´+y4´) / 4; the z-direction coordinate: z0´=(z1´+z2´+z3´+z4´) / 4.

[0024] Step S43: The slope is displaced and deformed, and the GNSS coordinate changes to G´ (x´, y´, z´); the four measuring rods 200 are all extended and retracted, and the lengths of the four measuring rods 200 after the extension and retraction changes are marked as L1, L2, L3, and L4 respectively. The center coordinates of the four large flanges 300 are changed to A´´ (x1´´, y1´´, z1´´), B´´ (x2´´, y2´´, z2´´), C´´ (x3´´, y3´´, z3´´), and D´´ (x4´´, y4´´, z4´´), and the displacement of frost heave deformation in three dimensions is calculated.

[0025] Step S44: Calculate the displacement of frost heave deformation in three-dimensional directions, specifically: calculate the center coordinates of the four large flanges 300, and combine the following equations: AA´´: (x 1- x1´´ 2 + (y 1- y1´´) 2 +(z 1- z1´´) 2 =L1 2 ; - BB´´: (x 2- x2´´) 2 + (y 2- y2´´) 2 +(z 2- z2´´) 2 =L2 2 ; CC´´: (x 3- x3´´) 2 + (y 3- y3´´) 2 +(z 3- z3´´) 2 =L3 2 ; - DD´´: (x 4- x4´´) 2 + (y 4- y4´´) 2 +(z 4- z4´´ 2 =L4 2 ; - A´´B´´:(x1´´ - x2´´) 2 +(y1´´ - y2´´) 2 +(z1´´ - z2´´) 2 =n 2 ; A´´C´´: (x1´´ -x3´´) 2 +(y1´´ - y3´´) 2 +(z1´´ - z3´´) 2 =p 2 ; - A´´D´´: (x1´´ - x4´´) 2 +(y1´´ - y4´´) 2 +(z1´´ - z4´´ 2 =q 2 ; B´´C´´:(x2´´ - x3´´) 2 +(y2´´ - y3´´) 2 +(z2´´ - z3´´) 2 =q 2 ; B´´D´´: (x2´´ - x4´´) 2 +(y2´´ - y4´´) 2 +(z2´´ - z4´´ 2 =p 2 ; - D´´C´´: (x4´´ - x3´´) 2 +(y4´´ - y3´´) 2 +(z4´´ - z3´´) 2 =n 2 ; Among them, n and q are the side lengths of the square (about 500mm*500mm), and p is the diagonal length; Frost heave deformation coordinates, that is, the coordinates of the square center point O´´ (x0´´, y0´´, z0´´): x-coordinate: x0´´=(x1´´+x2´´+x3´´+x4´´) / 4; y-direction coordinate: y0´´=(y1´´+y2´´+y3´´+y4´´) / 4; z-direction coordinate: z0´´=(z1´´+z2´´+z3´´+z4´´) / 4; The displacements of frost heave deformation in three-dimensional directions are N=x0´´-x0´; P=y0´´-y0´; Q=z0´´-z0´; Get the displacement of GNSS deformation in three dimensions: R=x´-x; S=y´-y; T=z0´-z0; Then the actual displacement L, K, and M of the slope surface in three-dimensional directions are obtained; among which, L=RN, K=SP, and M=TQ.

[0026] The slope deformation simulation model is constructed and updated as follows: obtain the actual displacement of the slope at all time nodes before the current time and mark it as the historical displacement, obtain the historical environmental data of the slope, and construct the slope deformation simulation model based on the historical displacement and historical environmental data (construct a digital twin model corresponding to the actual slope in a virtual environment, and the digital twin model is the slope deformation simulation model).

[0027] The above method combines the frost heave meter and GNSS technology to achieve efficient and accurate monitoring of frost heave deformation and surface displacement on a regular basis, improves the accuracy and reliability of monitoring, and conducts in-depth analysis of the monitoring results through the slope deformation simulation model to efficiently determine the monitoring accuracy of the monitoring device.

[0028] Example 2: Reference Figures 2 to 3 A coordinated monitoring device for frost heave deformation and surface displacement of slopes in cold regions includes a GNSS base 400, a GNSS antenna 500 is fixedly installed at the middle position of the top of the GNSS base 400, a monitoring and analysis component 600 is arranged on one side of the GNSS antenna 500, and frost heave meters 100 are fixedly installed at the four corners of the bottom of the GNSS base 400.

[0029] The frost heave meter 100 includes a connecting rod 301 , a large flange 300 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the connecting rod 301 , a measuring rod 200 is installed at the bottom of the large flange 300 , and a small flange 101 is installed at the bottom of the measuring rod 200 .

[0030] In addition, a plurality of rotatable brackets 201 may be installed on the measuring rod 200. The purpose of the brackets 201 is to facilitate fixing the frost heave meter 100 in the hole.

[0031] The monitoring and analysis component 600 includes a regular monitoring module and a monitoring and analysis module.

[0032] The regular monitoring module is used to regularly obtain the actual displacement and simulated displacement of the slope.

[0033] The monitoring and analysis module determines whether it is necessary to detect the monitoring device based on the comparison result between the simulated displacement and the actual displacement.

[0034] The monitoring device of the present invention can effectively capture the slight deformation of the slope through the combination of the GNSS antenna 500 and the four frost heave meters 100. The regular monitoring module and the monitoring analysis module can timely discover the monitoring accuracy problems of the monitoring device.

[0035] The above formulas are all dimensionless and numerical calculations are performed, and the preset parameters in the formulas are set by technicians in this field according to actual conditions.

[0036] The above embodiments can be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware or any other combination. When implemented by software, the above embodiments can be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions or computer programs. When the computer instructions or computer programs are loaded or executed on a computer, the process or function described in the embodiment of the present application is generated in whole or in part. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device. The computer instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium. For example, the computer instructions can be transmitted from one website site, computer, server or data center to another website site, computer, server or data center by wired or wireless (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.). The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that a computer can access or a data storage device such as a server or data center that contains one or more available media sets. The available medium can be a magnetic medium (e.g., a floppy disk, a hard disk, a tape), an optical medium (e.g., a DVD), or a semiconductor medium. The semiconductor medium can be a solid-state hard disk.

[0037] It should be understood that in the various embodiments of the present application, the size of the serial numbers of the above-mentioned processes does not mean the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of the present application.

[0038] Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the units and algorithm steps of each example described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are performed in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Professional and technical personnel can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered to be beyond the scope of this application.

[0039] Those skilled in the art can clearly understand that, for the convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the systems, devices and units described above can refer to the corresponding processes in the aforementioned method embodiments and will not be repeated here.

[0040] In the several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, devices and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are only schematic. For example, the division of the units is only a logical function division. There may be other division methods in actual implementation, such as multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed can be through some interfaces, indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units, which can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0041] If the functions are implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present application can be essentially or partly embodied in the form of a software product that contributes to the prior art. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions for a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of the present application. The aforementioned storage media include: various media that can store program codes, such as USB flash drives, mobile hard disks, read-only memories (ROM), random access memories (RAM), magnetic disks or optical disks.

[0042] The above is only a specific implementation of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art who is familiar with the present technical field can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present application, which should be included in the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A coordinated monitoring device for frost heave deformation and surface displacement of slopes in cold regions, characterized in that: It comprises a GNSS base (400), a GNSS antenna (500) being fixedly mounted at the middle position of the top of the GNSS base (400), a monitoring and analysis component (600) being arranged at one side of the GNSS antenna (500), and frost heave meters (100) being fixedly mounted at the four corner positions of the bottom of the GNSS base (400); The frost heave meter (100) comprises a connecting rod (301), a large flange (300) is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the connecting rod (301), a measuring rod (200) is mounted on the bottom of the large flange (300), and a small flange (101) is mounted on the bottom of the measuring rod (200); The monitoring and analysis component (600) comprises a regular monitoring module and a monitoring and analysis module; The regular monitoring module is used to regularly obtain the actual displacement and simulated displacement of the slope; The monitoring and analysis module obtains the actual displacement and simulated displacement of the slope regularly, obtains the displacement difference value based on the actual displacement and the simulated displacement, and determines whether the monitoring device needs to be inspected based on the comparison result of the displacement difference value with the high displacement difference value and the low displacement difference value.

2. A method for collaboratively monitoring frost heave deformation and surface displacement of slopes in cold regions, applied to the device for collaboratively monitoring frost heave deformation and surface displacement of slopes in cold regions as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The steps include: Step S1: Arrange a square area at the position to be measured, and arrange drilling holes at the four end positions of the square; Step S2: placing the frost heave meter (100) of the monitoring device into the bottom of the hole, and fixing the small flange (101) to the bottom of the hole by grouting; Step S3: burying the large flange (300) and the GNSS base (400) at the hole opening; Step S4: Regularly obtain the actual displacement and simulated displacement of the slope, obtain the displacement difference value based on the actual displacement and the simulated displacement, and determine whether the monitoring device needs to be tested based on the comparison result of the displacement difference value with the high displacement difference value and the low displacement difference value.

3. The method for collaboratively monitoring frost heave deformation and surface displacement of slopes in cold regions according to claim 2 is characterized in that: Arrange a square area at the location to be measured, and arrange drill holes at the four end points of the square. Specifically, use drill holes to bury the holes, drill holes vertically, and the hole depth should be consistent with the total length of the frost heave meter (100). Excavate a square area 30 cm away from the hole mouth and level it.

4. The method for collaboratively monitoring frost heave deformation and surface displacement of slopes in cold regions according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The actual displacement and simulated displacement of the slope are obtained regularly, and the displacement difference value is obtained based on the actual displacement and the simulated displacement. Specifically, a preset time period h is set, and at each time node of the time period h, the slope deformation simulation model updated at the previous time node is obtained. Based on the slope deformation simulation model, the simulated displacement L´, K´, and M´ of the slope at the current time node are obtained, and then the actual displacement L, K, and M of the slope at the current time node are obtained. The formula Get the displacement difference value pds.

5. The method for collaboratively monitoring frost heave deformation and surface displacement of slopes in cold regions according to claim 2 is characterized in that: Based on the comparison results of the displacement gap value with the high displacement gap value and the low displacement gap value, determine whether it is necessary to detect the monitoring device, specifically: set the high displacement gap value and the low displacement gap value, when the displacement gap value is greater than or equal to the high displacement gap value, determine that the monitoring device needs to be detected, when the displacement gap value is less than or equal to the low displacement gap value, complete the slope deformation monitoring of the current time node, and synchronously update the slope deformation simulation model, when the displacement gap value is between the high displacement gap value and the low displacement gap value, obtain the displacement analysis value, set the displacement analysis threshold, when the displacement analysis value is greater than or equal to the displacement analysis threshold, determine that the monitoring device needs to be detected, when the displacement analysis value is less than the displacement analysis threshold, complete the slope deformation monitoring of the current time node, and synchronously update the slope deformation simulation model.

6. The method for collaboratively monitoring frost heave deformation and surface displacement of slopes in cold regions according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The displacement analysis value is obtained in the following way: obtain the displacement gap value of the slope at n time nodes before the current time, sort all the displacement gap values ​​in the order of the time nodes, calculate the difference between the displacement gap values ​​of the two adjacent time nodes after sorting and take the absolute value to obtain the gap change value, set the gap change threshold, when the gap change value is greater than or equal to the gap change threshold, increase the gap change times by one, mark the gap change times as SDj, sum the displacement gap values ​​of the two adjacent time nodes after sorting to obtain the gap duration value, set the gap duration threshold, when the gap duration value is greater than or equal to the gap duration threshold, increase the gap duration times by one, mark the gap duration times as TGe, sum all the displacement gap values ​​and take the average to obtain the displacement gap mean ZKr, and use the formula The displacement analysis value XFb is obtained, where za is the gap variation coefficient and zb is the gap persistence coefficient.

7. The method for collaboratively monitoring frost heave deformation and surface displacement of slopes in cold regions according to claim 4 is characterized in that: Get the actual displacement L, K, M of the slope at the current time node, specifically: Step S41: setting the GNSS original coordinates of the previous time node of the monitoring device to G (x, y, z), setting the center coordinates of the four small flanges (101) to be center coordinates A (x1, y1, z1), B (x2, y2, z2), C (x3, y3, z3), and D (x4, y4, z4), respectively, and the center coordinates of the small flanges (101) remain unchanged; Step S42: the center coordinates of the four large flanges (300) change with the displacement and deformation of the slope; the center coordinates of the four large flanges (300) at the previous time node are set to be A´ (x1´, y1´, z1´), B´ (x2´, y2´, z2´), C´ (x3´, y3´, z3´), and D´ (x4´, y4´, z4´); A´, B´, C´, and D´ are in the same plane, and the coordinates of their intersection O´ (x0´, y0´, z0´) are the original coordinates of frost heave; the x-direction coordinate of point O´: x0´= (x1´+x2´+x3´+x4´) / 4; the y-direction coordinate: y0´= (y1´+y2´+y3´+y4´) / 4; the z-direction coordinate: z0´= (z1´+z2´+z3´+z4´) / 4; Step S43: setting the GNSS coordinate change of the current time node to G´(x´, y´, z´); the lengths of the four measuring rods (200) are marked as L1, L2, L3, and L4 respectively; setting the center coordinates of the four large flanges (300) at the current time node to A´´(x1´´, y1´´, z1´´), B´´(x2´´, y2´´, z2´´), C´´(x3´´, y3´´, z3´´), and D´´(x4´´, y4´´, z4´´); and calculating the displacements N, P, and Q of the frost heave deformation in the three-dimensional directions; Step S44: Obtain the displacement of GNSS deformation in three dimensions: R=x´-x; S=y´-y; T=z0´-z0, and then obtain the actual displacement L, K, M of the slope at the current time node; where L=RN, K=SP, M=TQ.

8. The method for collaboratively monitoring frost heave deformation and surface displacement of slopes in cold regions according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The displacement N, P, and Q of frost heave deformation in three dimensions are calculated by combining the following equations: AA´´:(x 1- x1´´) 2 +(and 1- and 1´´) 2 +(z 1- z1´´) 2 =L1 2 ; BB´´:(x 2- x2´´) 2 +(and 2- and 2´´) 2 +(z 2- z2´´) 2 =L2 2 ; CC´´:(x 3- x3´´) 2 +(y 3- y3´´) 2 +(z 3- z3´´) 2 =L3 2 ; DD´´: (x 4- x4´´) 2 +(y 4- y4´´) 2 +(z 4- z4´´) 2 =L4 2 ; A´´B´´:(x1´´ - x2´´) 2 +(y1´´ - y2´´) 2 +(z1´´ - z2´´) 2 =n 2 ; A´´C´´:(x1´´ - x3´´) 2 +(y1´´ - y3´´) 2 +(z1´´ - z3´´) 2 =p 2 ; A´´D´´:(x1´´ - x4´´) 2 +(y1´´ - y4´´) 2 +(z1´´ - z4´´) 2 =q 2 ; B´´C´´:(x2´´ - x3´´) 2 +(y2´´ - y3´´) 2 +(z2´´ - z3´´) 2 =q 2 ; B´´D´´:(x2´´ - x4´´) 2 +(y2´´ - y4´´) 2 +(z2´´ - z4´´) 2 =p 2 ; D´´C´´:(x4´´ - x3´´) 2 +(y4´´ - y3´´) 2 +(z4´´ - z3´´) 2 =n 2 ; Among them, n and q are the side lengths of the square, and p is the length of the diagonal; Frost heave deformation coordinates, that is, the coordinates of the square center point O´´ (x0´´, y0´´, z0´´): x-coordinate: x0´´=(x1´´+x2´´+x3´´+x4´´) / 4; y-direction coordinate: y0´´=(y1´´+y2´´+y3´´+y4´´) / 4; z-direction coordinate: z0´´=(z1´´+z2´´+z3´´+z4´´) / 4; The displacements of frost heave deformation in three-dimensional directions are N=x0´´-x0´; P=y0´´-y0´; Q=z0´´-z0´.

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