Small-amplitude reciprocating peeling test device for crushed corn ear kernels

Abstract

The invention discloses a small-amplitude reciprocating peeling test device for crushed corn ear kernels, and aims to solve the problem that the relationship among corn kernel peeling, external force application, swing amplitude and swing times in the threshing process of a reciprocating small-load threshing device cannot be tested in the prior art. The device comprises a clamping assembly, a supporting power assembly and a base assembly, and can be fixed on a universal testing machine for accurate testing. According to the device, an eccentric shaft ejector rod mechanism and a reset spring are adopted for achieving reciprocating motion of the clamping assembly, the displacement of the reciprocating motion can be changed by replacing eccentric shafts with different eccentric distances, and meanwhile the clamping assembly can conduct longitudinal and transverse translation and horizontal rotation. And displacement and rotating speed sensors are installed, so that data can be accurately recorded. The device can be used for exploring the relationship between influence factors in the corn kernel peeling process, and is beneficial to subsequent parameter optimization and structural improvement of the reciprocating small-load threshing test bed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of detection technology, and more specifically to a small-amplitude reciprocating peeling test device for broken corn cob kernels. Background Art

[0002] Mechanized threshing is one of the most important processes during corn harvest. Existing drum threshing devices all use violent methods such as hitting, rubbing and squeezing to peel off corn kernels to achieve threshing, which makes it difficult to avoid kernel damage. Researchers have previously developed a small reciprocating load and low damage threshing test bench that can be used for low damage threshing of high moisture content corn. Optimizing and improving the corn small reciprocating load and low damage threshing test bench requires understanding the relationship between corn kernel peeling and applied external force, swing amplitude and number of swings. Therefore, it is of great significance to invent a test device for small reciprocating peeling of broken corn cobs and kernels. Summary of the invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that the existing technology is unable to test the relationship between corn kernel peeling and the application of external force, swing amplitude and number of swings, and provides a small-amplitude reciprocating peeling test device for broken corn cobs.

[0004] A small-amplitude reciprocating peeling test device for broken corn cobs and kernels, comprising a clamping assembly, a supporting power assembly and a base assembly;

[0005] The clamping assembly is located at the top of the entire test device, and is fixed to the middle column of the supporting power assembly through a sleeve and bolts; it moves with the entire supporting power assembly. The lower ends of the three columns in the supporting power assembly are fixed to the slideway on the upper end surface of the base assembly through bolts; the relative distance between the three columns can be adjusted by tightening and loosening the bolts; the upper end surface of the base assembly is fixed to the supporting power assembly through bolts, and a circular through hole is opened on the lower end surface that can be installed on the universal testing machine through bolts; the bolts can be loosened in the installed state to rotate the entire test bench relative to the universal testing machine.

[0006] The clamping assembly includes a clamping mechanism and a fixing seat assembly; the clamping mechanism is installed on the fixing seat assembly through a fixing rod on the upper end surface of the fixing seat assembly and can rotate around the fixing rod. The sleeve at the lower end of the fixing seat assembly is fixed to the upper end of the center column by bolts;

[0007] The clamping mechanism comprises a base frame, a locking hole, a pushing hand wheel, a fixing nut, and a push plate;

[0008] The bottom frame is in a "concave" shape as a whole, and is composed of two vertically placed vertical plates on the left and right sides welded to a horizontally placed bottom plate; a bolt hole is opened at the center of the upper half of the left vertical plate, and the advancing hand wheel is inserted through the bolt hole; a circular hole is opened at the center of the lower end surface of the bottom plate, which is used to fix with the fixing rod on the upper end surface of the fixing seat assembly;

[0009] The locking hole is a threaded hole located at the center of the front end surface of the bottom plate of the chassis. The locking bolt passes through the locking hole and contacts the fixing rod to lock the entire clamping mechanism.

[0010] The propulsion hand wheel is composed of a turntable at the end, a threaded rod and a buckle structure at the front end; the threaded rod in the propulsion hand wheel passes through the threaded hole on the left vertical plate at the upper part of the chassis, and the rotating turntable drives the entire propulsion hand wheel to move forward;

[0011] The fixing nut is installed on the threaded rod in the propulsion hand wheel, located at the outer end of the left vertical plate on the base frame, and can rotate forward and backward around the threaded rod, and locks the entire propulsion hand wheel when it contacts the left vertical plate on the base frame;

[0012] The push plate is an octagonal steel plate with a circular hole at the center of the rear end surface. It is installed at the end of the propulsion handwheel by connecting with the buckle at the end of the threaded rod in the propulsion handwheel and can rotate relative to the propulsion handwheel.

[0013] The fixing seat assembly comprises a fixing rod, a main body, a push rod bolt, a spring hole, a sleeve and a displacement sensor;

[0014] The fixing rod is a cylindrical rod, the lower end surface of which is mounted on the center of the upper end surface of the main body by welding, and the upper end surface is in a buckle shape, which is used to fix the fixing seat assembly;

[0015] The main body is in a "concave" shape as a whole, and is composed of two vertically placed left and right vertical plates welded under a horizontally placed bottom plate; a spring hole is welded at the center of the left vertical plate, and a bolt hole is opened at the center of the right vertical plate to fix the top rod bolt;

[0016] The diameter of the push rod bolt is 12mm, the front end surface is hemispherical, and a nut for fixing the position is installed on the surface;

[0017] The spring hole is cylindrical in shape as a whole, with an inner diameter of 19 mm, an outer diameter of 27 mm, and a length of 15 mm. It is installed at the center of the left vertical plate of the main body by welding; it is used to install the spring;

[0018] The sleeve is installed at the center of the lower end surface of the main body by welding, has a length of 50mm, an inner diameter of 33mm, an outer diameter of 50mm, a bolt hole is opened on the side, and is fixed to the column assembly by bolts.

[0019] The displacement sensor is installed at the center of the front end surface of the left vertical plate below the main body, and is used to measure the left-right shaking distance of the entire clamping assembly.

[0020] The supporting power assembly comprises a power assembly and a supporting assembly; the power assembly is fixed to the top of the supporting assembly by bolt connection.

[0021] The power assembly includes a motor, a motor mounting seat, a speed sensor, a spring fixing bolt, a double keyway eccentric shaft and a bearing seat;

[0022] The motor is fixed to the top of the motor mounting seat by bolt connection, and the output shaft of the motor is fixed to the end with a thicker shaft diameter of the double keyway eccentric shaft by a flat key and transmits power to the double keyway eccentric shaft;

[0023] The motor mounting seat is composed of a right-angle plate with triangular ribs and a right-angle plate with holes on one side. The backs of the two right-angle plates are connected together by bolts. The right-angle plate with ribs is fixed to the right column in the support assembly by bolts, and the other right-angle plate fixes the motor by bolts.

[0024] The speed sensor is fixed on the upper part of the outer section of the flange plate that fixes the double keyway eccentric shaft on the outermost side, and is on the same vertical line as the thinner end of the double keyway eccentric shaft in the vertical direction; it is used to record the number of rotations of the double keyway eccentric shaft;

[0025] The spring fixing bolt is installed in the bolt hole at the top of the left column in the support assembly. The shaft diameter of the end of the spring fixing bolt becomes thinner, and a return spring is fixed at the end; one end of the return spring is fixed on the spring fixing bolt, and the other end is fixed inside the spring hole in the clamping assembly;

[0026] The double keyway eccentric shaft is composed of three sections, including a thick shaft, a thin shaft and an eccentric shaft section in the middle; the thick shaft end is connected to the output shaft of the motor through a flat key, the thin shaft is located at the end, the keyway on it is used for the speed sensor to measure the speed and record the number of rotations, the eccentric shaft section is located in the middle of the thick shaft and the thin shaft, and the three sections with different shaft diameters are all turned out by a lathe; bearings are installed on the periphery of the eccentric shaft section, and bearings are also installed on the periphery of the front and rear contact points of the double keyway eccentric shaft and the right column;

[0027] The bearing seat body is obtained by removing the center part of the upper and lower ends of a whole square steel in an alternating manner. The lower groove is clamped at the upper end of the right column and fixed by bolts. The upper clamping groove is installed with a bearing and is connected to the double keyway eccentric shaft through the bearing.

[0028] The support assembly includes a left column, a center column, a right column and a center column bottom sleeve;

[0029] The upper end of the left column is made of square steel, and the lower end is a rectangular plate, and the two are fixed by welding; a threaded hole is opened at the center of the uppermost end, and is connected with a spring fixing bolt through the threaded hole; the lowermost end is fixed to the base assembly by bolts; and is located at the leftmost end of the support assembly;

[0030] The center column is cylindrical in shape, with the upper end fixed to the sleeve in the clamping assembly by bolts, and the lower end fixed to the center column bottom sleeve by bolts;

[0031] The right column is integrally formed by welding the square steel on the top and the rectangular plate on the bottom, the upper end is fixed to the motor mounting seat by bolts and a bearing seat, and the lower end is fixed to the slideway at the uppermost end of the base assembly by bolts;

[0032] The center column bottom sleeve is welded and assembled by an upper cylinder and a lower disc, the upper end of which is fixed to the center column by bolts, and the lower end is fixed to the slideway at the uppermost end of the base assembly by bolts.

[0033] The base assembly is installed at the bottom of the entire test device, including a transverse slide, a transverse handwheel, a transverse cover plate, a bidirectional slide, a longitudinal slide, a longitudinal handwheel, a longitudinal cover plate, a rotating base and a base;

[0034] The transverse slideway is located at the top of the entire base assembly, and is formed by turning a rectangular steel plate. The upper end surface is the slideway, which is used to fix the entire supporting power assembly by bolts; the lower end surface is a middle rectangular hollow, which is used to place the threaded rod of the transverse hand wheel, and the two sides are outward semi-dovetail grooves, which are used to fix with the bidirectional slide seat;

[0035] The transverse hand wheel is composed of a rotating handle, a rotating disc and a threaded rod. The threaded rod passes through the transverse cover plates located on the outer sides of the two end surfaces of the transverse slide and the hollow area in the middle of the lower part of the transverse slide, contacts the threaded holes in the upper end surface of the bidirectional slide, and is fixed in the left and right transverse cover plates through bearings. When the transverse hand wheel is rotated, the threaded rod above will move back and forth in the threaded hole at the upper end of the bidirectional slide, driving the transverse slide to move horizontally, thereby driving the entire supporting power assembly and the clamping assembly to translate horizontally.

[0036] The transverse cover plate is made of a rectangular steel plate by cutting, and the upper part has the same shape as the left and right end surfaces of the transverse slideway, with a circular through hole in the middle for installing the bearing, and threaded holes on both sides of the through hole for fixing the transverse cover plate to the left and right ends of the transverse slideway;

[0037] The bidirectional slide is cut and processed from a rectangular thick steel plate, and the upper and lower end surfaces are provided with dovetail grooves in mutually perpendicular directions, and the middle of the dovetail groove is provided with a threaded hole for connecting with the threaded rods on the horizontal hand wheel and the longitudinal hand wheel;

[0038] The longitudinal slideway is composed of a dovetail groove slideway and a base, which are fixed by welding. When assembled, the dovetail groove at the upper end surface is matched with the dovetail groove at the bottom of the bidirectional slide seat, and the lower fixed seat fixes the entire longitudinal slideway above the rotating base by bolts.

[0039] The longitudinal handwheel and the transverse handwheel are of the same shape and are also composed of a handle, a rotating disc and a threaded rod; the threaded rod passes through the middle of the dovetail groove above the longitudinal slide, the center of the longitudinal cover plates at the left and right ends of the longitudinal slide, and the threaded hole at the center below the bidirectional slide; the threaded rod on the longitudinal handwheel is rotated to move forward and backward in the threaded hole on the lower end surface of the bidirectional slide, driving the bidirectional slide and the transverse slide to move forward and backward, thereby driving the entire supporting power assembly and the clamping assembly to translate in the transverse direction;

[0040] The longitudinal cover plate body is a symmetrical pentagonal steel plate with a circular through hole for placing a bearing in the center, which is installed on the left and right sides of the longitudinal slideway by four bolts respectively;

[0041] The rotating base is in the shape of a disk, with four arc-shaped through holes on the periphery of the disk end surface and a circular through hole in the center, which are fixed to the base with bolts respectively;

[0042] The base has the same size as the rotating base, and threaded holes corresponding to the four arc-shaped through holes on the rotating base and the circular through hole in the center are opened on the four sides and the center. It is fixed to the rotating base by bolts, and the rotating base can rotate relative to the base under the action of the arc-shaped through holes on the rotating base.

[0043] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0044] 1. The device makes various influencing factors of reciprocating small load peeling of broken corn cobs and kernels testable, which is conducive to the subsequent parameter optimization and structural improvement of the threshing test bench.

[0045] 2. The device can be fixed on the universal testing machine by bolts, making the test process safer and the test data more accurate.

[0046] 3. After fixing the crushed corn ears, the clamping mechanism on the device can translate in the longitudinal and transverse directions and rotate horizontally around the central axis of the base, which is convenient for adjusting the position of the crushed ears so that they contact the fixed tool on the universal testing machine.

[0047] 4. The device is equipped with a displacement sensor and a speed sensor to accurately record the reciprocating motion data of the clamping mechanism.

[0048] 5. The three columns in the support assembly are fixed to the slideway at the top of the base assembly by bolts, which makes it easy to adjust the distance between the three columns. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0049] Figure 1 It is the front assembly axonometric drawing of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 2 It is the rear assembly isometric view of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 3 It is the assembly drawing of the clamping assembly of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 4 An exploded view of the clamping assembly of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 5 It is an axonometric view of the fixing seat assembly of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 6 It is a front view of the fixing seat assembly of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 7 It is the assembly diagram of the supporting power assembly of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 8 It is an exploded view of the supporting power assembly of the present invention;

[0057] Fig. 9 It is the assembly drawing of the base assembly of the present invention;

[0058] Fig.10 It is an exploded view of the base assembly of the present invention.

[0059] In the figure: A, clamping assembly; B, supporting power assembly; C, base assembly; 1, clamping mechanism; 2, fixed seat assembly; 3, base frame; 4, locking hole; 5, advancing hand wheel; 6, fixing nut; 7, push plate; 8, fixing rod; 9, main body; 10, push rod bolt; 11, spring hole; 12, sleeve; 13, displacement sensor; 14, power assembly; 15, supporting assembly; 16, motor; 17, motor mounting seat; 18, speed sensor; 19, spring fixing bolt; 20, double keyway eccentric shaft; 21, bearing seat; 22, left column; 23, center column; 24, right column; 25, center column bottom sleeve; 26, horizontal slide; 27, horizontal hand wheel; 28, horizontal cover plate; 29, two-way slide; 30, longitudinal slide; 31, longitudinal hand wheel; 32, longitudinal cover plate; 33, rotating base; 34, base. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0060] See also Figure 1 to Figure 2 , a small-amplitude reciprocating peeling test device for broken corn cobs and kernels, comprising a clamping assembly (A), a supporting power assembly (B) and a base assembly (C);

[0061] The clamping assembly (A) is located at the top of the entire test device, and is fixed to the middle column (21) of the supporting power assembly (B) through a sleeve (12) and bolts; it moves with the entire supporting power assembly (B). The lower ends of the three columns in the supporting power assembly (B) are fixed to the slideway on the upper end surface of the base assembly (C) through bolts; the relative distance between the three columns can be adjusted by tightening and loosening the bolts; the upper end surface of the base assembly (C) is fixed to the supporting power assembly (B) through bolts, and a circular through hole is opened on the lower end surface that can be installed on the universal testing machine through bolts; the bolts can be loosened in the installed state to allow the entire test bench to rotate relative to the universal testing machine.

[0062] See also Figure 3 to Figure 4 The clamping assembly (A) comprises a clamping mechanism (1) and a fixing seat assembly (2); the clamping mechanism (1) is mounted on the fixing seat assembly (2) via a fixing rod (8) on the upper end surface of the fixing seat assembly (2); and can rotate around the fixing rod (8). The sleeve at the lower end of the fixing seat assembly (2) is fixed to the upper end of the center column (21) by bolts;

[0063] The clamping mechanism (1) comprises a base frame (3), a locking hole (4), a pushing hand wheel (5), a fixing nut (6), and a pushing plate (7);

[0064] The base frame (3) is in a "concave" shape as a whole, and is composed of two vertically placed upright plates on the left and right sides welded to a horizontally placed bottom plate; a bolt hole is opened at the center of the upper half of the left upright plate, and the advancing hand wheel (5) is inserted through the bolt hole; a circular hole is opened at the center of the lower end surface of the bottom plate, which is used to fix with a fixing rod (8) on the upper end surface of the fixing seat assembly (2);

[0065] The locking hole (4) is a threaded hole located at the center of the front end surface of the bottom plate of the bottom frame (3); the locking bolt passes through the locking hole (4) and contacts the fixing rod (8) to lock the entire clamping mechanism (1);

[0066] The propulsion hand wheel (5) is composed of a rotating disk at the end, a threaded rod and a buckle structure at the front end; the threaded rod in the propulsion hand wheel (5) passes through the threaded hole on the left vertical plate at the upper part of the base frame (3), and the rotating disk drives the entire propulsion hand wheel (5) to move forward;

[0067] The fixing nut (6) is mounted on the threaded rod in the propulsion hand wheel (5), is located at the outer end of the left vertical plate on the base frame (3), can rotate forward and backward around the threaded rod, and locks the entire propulsion hand wheel (5) when it contacts the left vertical plate on the base frame (3);

[0068] The push plate (7) is an octagonal steel plate with a circular hole at the center of the rear end surface. It is installed at the end of the propulsion hand wheel (5) by connecting with the buckle at the end of the threaded rod in the propulsion hand wheel (5); it can rotate relative to the propulsion hand wheel (5).

[0069] See also Figure 5 to Figure 6 The fixing seat assembly (2) comprises a fixing rod (8), a main body (9), a push rod bolt (10), a spring hole (11), a sleeve (12) and a displacement sensor (13);

[0070] The fixing rod (8) is a cylindrical rod, the lower end surface of which is mounted on the center of the upper end surface of the main body (9) by welding, and the upper end surface is in a buckle shape for fixing the fixing seat assembly (2);

[0071] The main body (9) is in a concave shape as a whole, and is composed of two vertically placed left and right upright plates welded below a horizontally placed bottom plate; a spring hole (11) is welded at the center of the left upright plate, and a bolt hole is opened at the center of the right upright plate for fixing a top rod bolt (10);

[0072] The top rod bolt (10) has a diameter of 12 mm, a hemispherical front end, and a nut for fixing the position is installed on the surface;

[0073] The spring hole (11) is cylindrical in shape as a whole, with an inner diameter of 19 mm, an outer diameter of 27 mm, and a length of 15 mm. It is installed at the center of the left vertical plate of the main body (9) by welding; and is used to install the spring;

[0074] The sleeve (12) is installed at the center of the lower end surface of the main body (9) by welding, has a length of 50mm, an inner diameter of 33mm, an outer diameter of 50mm, and a bolt hole on the side, and is fixed to the column assembly (B) by bolts.

[0075] The displacement sensor (13) is installed at the center of the front end surface of the left vertical plate below the main body (9) and is used to measure the left and right shaking distance of the entire clamping assembly (A).

[0076] See also Figures 7 and 8 The supporting power assembly (B) comprises a power assembly (14) and a supporting assembly (15); the power assembly (14) is fixed to the top of the supporting assembly (15) by bolt connection.

[0077] The power assembly (14) comprises a motor (16), a motor mounting seat (17), a speed sensor (18), a spring fixing bolt (19), a double keyway eccentric shaft (20) and a bearing seat (21);

[0078] The motor (16) is fixed to the top of the motor mounting seat (17) by bolt connection, and the output shaft of the motor (16) is fixed to the end with a thicker shaft diameter of the double keyway eccentric shaft (20) by a flat key and transmits power to the double keyway eccentric shaft (20);

[0079] The motor mounting seat (17) is composed of a right-angle plate with triangular ribs and a right-angle plate with holes on one side. The backs of the two right-angle plates are connected together by bolts. The right-angle plate with ribs is fixed to the right column (24) in the support assembly (15) by bolts, and the other right-angle plate fixes the motor (16) by bolts.

[0080] The rotation speed sensor (18) is fixed to the upper part of the outer section of the flange plate that fixes the double keyway eccentric shaft (20) on the outermost side, and is on the same vertical line as the thinner end of the double keyway eccentric shaft (20) in the vertical direction; and is used to record the number of rotations of the double keyway eccentric shaft (20);

[0081] The spring fixing bolt (19) is installed in the bolt hole at the top of the left column (22) in the support assembly (15). The shaft diameter of the end of the spring fixing bolt (19) becomes thinner, and a return spring is fixed to the end; one end of the return spring is fixed to the spring fixing bolt (19), and the other end is fixed inside the spring hole (11) in the clamping assembly (A);

[0082] The double keyway eccentric shaft (20) is composed of three sections, including a thick shaft, a thin shaft and an eccentric shaft section in the middle; the thick shaft end is connected to the output shaft of the motor (16) through a flat key, the thin shaft is located at the end, the keyway on it is used for the speed sensor (18) to measure the speed and record the number of rotations, the eccentric shaft section is located in the middle of the thick shaft and the thin shaft, and the three sections with different shaft diameters are all turned out by a lathe; bearings are installed on the periphery of the eccentric shaft section, and bearings are also installed on the periphery of the front and rear contact points of the double keyway eccentric shaft (20) and the right column (24);

[0083] The main body of the bearing seat (21) is obtained by removing the central part of the upper and lower ends of a whole square steel, and the lower groove is clamped at the uppermost end of the right column (24) and fixed by bolts; the upper clamping groove is installed with a bearing, and is connected to the double keyway eccentric shaft (20) through the bearing;

[0084] The support assembly (15) comprises a left column (22), a middle column (23), a right column (24) and a middle column bottom sleeve (25);

[0085] The upper end of the left column (22) is made of square steel, and the lower end is a rectangular plate, and the two are fixed by welding; a threaded hole is opened at the center of the uppermost end, and is connected to the spring fixing bolt (19) through the threaded hole; the lowermost end is fixed to the base assembly (C) by bolts; and is located at the leftmost end of the support assembly (15);

[0086] The center column (23) is cylindrical in shape, with its upper end fixed to the sleeve (12) in the clamping assembly (A) by bolts, and its lower end fixed to the center column bottom sleeve (25) by bolts;

[0087] The right column (24) is integrally formed by welding a square steel on the top and a rectangular plate on the bottom, the upper end of which is fixed to the motor mounting seat (17) by bolts and a bearing seat (21), and the lower end is fixed to the slideway at the uppermost end of the base assembly (C) by bolts;

[0088] The center column bottom sleeve (25) is formed by welding an upper cylinder and a lower disc, the upper end of which is fixed to the center column (23) by bolts, and the lower end of which is fixed to the uppermost slideway of the base assembly (C) by bolts.

[0089] See also Figures 9 and 10 The base assembly (C) is installed at the bottom of the entire test device, and includes a transverse slideway (26), a transverse handwheel (27), a transverse cover plate (28), a bidirectional slide seat (29), a longitudinal slideway (30), a longitudinal handwheel (31), a longitudinal cover plate (32), a rotating base (33) and a base (34);

[0090] The transverse slideway (26) is located at the uppermost end of the entire base assembly (C), and is formed by turning a rectangular steel plate. The upper end surface is a slideway for fixing the entire supporting power assembly (B) by bolts; the lower end surface is a middle rectangular hollow for placing the threaded rod of the transverse hand wheel (27), and the two sides are outwardly semi-dovetail grooves for fixing with the bidirectional slide seat (29);

[0091] The transverse hand wheel (27) is composed of a rotating handle, a rotating disc and a threaded rod. The threaded rod passes through the transverse cover plates (28) located outside the two end surfaces of the transverse slideway (26) and the hollow area in the middle of the lower part of the transverse slideway (26), and contacts the threaded holes in the upper end surface of the bidirectional slide seat (29), and is fixed in the left and right transverse cover plates (28) through bearings. When the transverse hand wheel (27) is rotated, the threaded rod above will move back and forth in the threaded holes at the upper end of the bidirectional slide seat (29), driving the transverse slideway (26) to move horizontally, thereby driving the entire supporting power assembly (B) and the clamping assembly (A) to translate horizontally.

[0092] The transverse cover plate (28) is made of a rectangular steel plate by cutting, and the upper part has the same shape as the left and right end surfaces of the transverse slideway (26). A circular through hole for installing a bearing is opened in the middle, and threaded holes are opened on both sides of the through hole for installing and fixing the transverse cover plate (28) to the left and right ends of the transverse slideway (26);

[0093] The bidirectional slide (29) is cut and processed from a rectangular thick steel plate, and the upper and lower end surfaces are provided with dovetail grooves in mutually perpendicular directions, and the middle of the dovetail groove is provided with a threaded hole for connecting with the threaded rods on the horizontal hand wheel (27) and the longitudinal hand wheel (31);

[0094] The longitudinal slideway (30) is composed of a dovetail groove slideway and a base, which are fixed to each other by welding; when assembled, the dovetail groove at the upper end surface and the dovetail groove at the bottom of the bidirectional slide seat (29) are matched and connected, and the lower fixed seat fixes the entire longitudinal slideway (30) above the rotating base (33) by bolts;

[0095] The longitudinal hand wheel (31) and the transverse hand wheel (27) are of the same shape and are also composed of a handle, a rotating disc and a threaded rod; the threaded rod passes through the middle of the dovetail groove above the longitudinal slide (30), the center of the longitudinal cover plates (32) at the left and right ends of the longitudinal slide (30) and the threaded hole at the center below the bidirectional slide (29); the threaded rod on the longitudinal hand wheel (31) moves forward and backward in the threaded hole on the lower end surface of the bidirectional slide (29), driving the bidirectional slide (29) and the transverse slide (26) to move forward and backward, thereby driving the entire supporting power assembly (B) and the clamping assembly (A) to translate in the transverse direction;

[0096] The longitudinal cover plate (32) is a symmetrical pentagonal steel plate with a circular through hole for placing a bearing at the center, and is installed on the left and right sides of the longitudinal slideway (30) by four bolts respectively;

[0097] The rotating base (33) is in the shape of a disk, and has four arc-shaped through holes on the periphery of the disk end surface and a circular through hole in the center, which are respectively fixed to the base (34) by bolts.

[0098] The base (34) has the same size as the rotating base (33), and threaded holes corresponding to the four arc-shaped through holes and the circular through hole in the center of the rotating base (33) are opened on the periphery and the center. The base (34) is fixed to the rotating base (33) by bolts, and the rotating base (33) can rotate relative to the base (34) under the action of the arc-shaped through holes on the rotating base (33).

[0099] Working principle of the present invention:

[0100] See also Figure 1 to Figure 2The working principle of the small-amplitude reciprocating peeling test device for broken corn cobs and kernels of the present invention is as follows. The whole test device is fixed on the universal testing machine through the bolt holes at the bottom by bolts, the crushed corn ears with corn kernels are placed in front of the push plate (7) inside the base frame (3) in the clamping assembly (A), and the pushing hand wheel (5) is rotated to clamp the core shaft part of the corn ear; the cutter used for peeling the kernels is fixed on the universal testing machine, and the base assembly (C) is adjusted longitudinally, transversely and rotationally so that the bottom of the cutter and the top of the kernels on the crushed corn ears are in contact; the motor (16) switch is turned on, and the output shaft drives the double keyway spindle (20) to rotate, thereby driving the bearing outside the eccentric shaft section to move forward and backward, and the push rod bolt (10) is pushed forward to move forward and backward in the process of the bearing moving forward and backward, and the reset spring between the spring hole (11) on the other side and the spring fixing bolt (19) can realize reciprocating motion, thereby driving the whole clamping assembly (A) and the crushed corn ears clamped inside to reciprocate, and at the same time, under the pressure of the cutter on the universal testing machine, the kernels shake left and right, and finally the kernels are peeled off. During the test, the double keyway eccentric shaft (20) can be replaced to achieve reciprocating motion with different displacements. At the same time, the displacement sensor (13) and the rotation speed sensor (18) will record the corresponding parameters to facilitate subsequent improvement and data processing.

[0101] See also Figures 3 to 8 The working principle of the clamping assembly (A) and the supporting power assembly (B) of the present invention is as follows. The core shaft part in the crushed corn ear is clamped between the push plate (7) and the inner side plate of the base frame (3) by rotating the advancing hand wheel (5). After the fixing is completed, the fixing nut is rotated to fix the advancing hand wheel (5), thereby fixing the push plate (7) so that it is not easy to loosen; in this process, in order to align the grains on the surface of the crushed corn ear with the tool fixed on the universal testing machine in the vertical direction, the locking bolt inside the locking hole (4) can be loosened to make the clamping mechanism (1) rotate relative to the fixed seat assembly (2), thereby driving the crushed corn ear to rotate, and after the alignment is completed, the locking bolt is tightened to lock the clamping mechanism (1) and the fixed seat assembly (2). The push rod bolt (10) in the clamping assembly (A) is in contact with the bearing on the periphery of the middle eccentric part of the double keyway eccentric shaft (20) in the supporting power assembly (B); the spring hole (11) and the spring fixing bolt (19) are in contact with each other through the spring; the power output shaft of the motor (16) outputs power to drive the double keyway eccentric shaft (20) to rotate, thereby driving the bearing on the periphery of the middle eccentric part to move forward and backward, and the bearing pushes the push rod bolt (10) and realizes the reciprocating motion of the entire clamping assembly (A) under the action of the reset spring, thereby driving the crushed corn ears to reciprocate.

[0102] See also Figures 9 and 10The working principle of the base assembly (C) of the present invention is as follows. The transverse slideway (26) is fixed by the transverse cover plates (28) at both ends and the bearings and transverse handwheel (27) inside, so that the transverse handwheel (27) can rotate inside the bottom of the transverse slideway (26). At the same time, the threaded rod in the transverse handwheel (27) passes through the threaded hole inside the upper end of the bidirectional slide seat (29). Rotating the transverse handwheel (27) can drive the entire transverse slideway (26) and the clamping assembly (A) and the supporting power assembly (B) above to move horizontally left and right relative to the bidirectional slide seat (29); similarly, the longitudinal slideway (30) is also fixed by the longitudinal cover plates (32) at both ends and the bearings and the longitudinal handwheel (31), and the threaded rod in the longitudinal handwheel (31) passes through the threaded hole inside the lower end of the bidirectional slide seat (29). Rotating the longitudinal handwheel (31) can drive the bidirectional slide seat (29) and the clamping assembly (A) and the supporting power assembly (B) above to move longitudinally forward and backward, thereby adjusting the position of the crushed corn cob relative to the tool on the universal testing machine. The rotating base (33) is fixed on the upper end surface of the base (34) by four bolts, and the four bolts pass through the arc-shaped through holes in the rotating base (33). After loosening the four bolts and the bolt at the center, the rotating base (33) can be rotated relative to the base (34), thereby driving the entire test device except the base (34) to rotate. It is also used to adjust the relative position between the ear of corn and the universal testing machine tool. After the adjustment is completed, the four bolts are tightened to complete the fixation. At the same time, when installing it on the universal testing machine, the four bolts need to be replaced with longer bolts that can pass through the rotating base (33) and the base (34) to be fixed to the universal testing machine, so that the device is more stable during the test.

Claims

1. A test device for small reciprocating peeling of corn cob kernels, characterized in that: It includes a clamping assembly (A), a supporting power assembly (B) and a base assembly (C); The clamping assembly (A) is located at the top of the entire test device, and is fixed to the middle column (21) of the supporting power assembly (B) through a sleeve (12) and bolts; the lower ends of the three columns in the supporting power assembly (B) are fixed to the slideway on the upper end face of the base assembly (C) through bolts; the upper end face of the base assembly (C) is fixed to the supporting power assembly (B) through bolts, and a circular through hole is opened on the lower end face, which can be installed on the universal testing machine through bolts.

2. A small-amplitude reciprocating peeling test device for broken corn ears and kernels according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping assembly (A) comprises a clamping mechanism (1) and a fixing seat assembly (2); the clamping mechanism (1) is mounted on the fixing seat assembly (2) via a fixing rod (8) on the upper end surface of the fixing seat assembly (2); a sleeve at the lower end of the fixing seat assembly (2) is fixed to the upper end of a center column (21) via bolts; The clamping mechanism (1) comprises a base frame (3), a locking hole (4), a pushing hand wheel (5), a fixing nut (6), and a pushing plate (7); The base frame (3) is in a "concave" shape as a whole, and is composed of two vertically placed upright plates on the left and right sides welded to a horizontally placed bottom plate; a bolt hole is opened at the center of the upper half of the left upright plate, and the advancing hand wheel (5) is inserted through the bolt hole; a circular hole is opened at the center of the lower end surface of the bottom plate; The locking hole (4) is a threaded hole located at the center of the front end surface of the bottom plate of the bottom frame (3); the locking bolt passes through the locking hole (4) and contacts the fixing rod (8); The advancing hand wheel (5) is composed of a rotating disk at the end, a threaded rod and a buckle structure at the front end; the threaded rod in the advancing hand wheel (5) passes through a threaded hole on the upper left vertical plate of the base frame (3); The fixing nut (6) is mounted on the threaded rod in the advancing hand wheel (5) and is located at the outer end of the left vertical plate on the base frame (3); The push plate (7) is an octagonal steel plate with a circular hole at the center of the rear end surface. It is installed at the end of the push hand wheel (5) by connecting with the buckle at the end of the threaded rod in the push hand wheel (5).

3. The device for testing the small reciprocating peeling of corn ear kernels according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixing seat assembly (2) comprises a fixing rod (8), a main body (9), a push rod bolt (10), a spring hole (11), a sleeve (12) and a displacement sensor (13); The fixing rod (8) is a cylindrical rod, the lower end surface of which is mounted on the center of the upper end surface of the main body (9) by welding, and the upper end surface is in a buckle shape; The main body (9) is in a concave shape as a whole, and is composed of two vertically placed left and right upright plates welded below a horizontally placed bottom plate; a spring hole (11) is welded at the center of the left upright plate, and a bolt hole is opened at the center of the right upright plate; The top rod bolt (10) has a diameter of 12 mm, a hemispherical front end, and a nut for fixing the position is installed on the surface; The spring hole (11) is cylindrical in shape as a whole, with an inner diameter of 19 mm, an outer diameter of 27 mm, and a length of 15 mm, and is installed at the center of the left vertical plate of the main body (9) by welding; The sleeve (12) is installed at the center of the lower end surface of the main body (9) by welding, has a length of 50 mm, an inner diameter of 33 mm, an outer diameter of 50 mm, and a bolt hole is opened on the side, and is fixed to the column assembly (B) by bolts; The displacement sensor (13) is installed at the center of the front end surface of the left vertical plate below the main body (9).

4. The device for testing the small reciprocating peeling of corn ear kernels according to claim 1, characterized in that: The supporting power assembly (B) comprises a power assembly (14) and a supporting assembly (15); the power assembly (14) is fixed to the top of the supporting assembly (15) by bolt connection; The power assembly (14) comprises a motor (16), a motor mounting seat (17), a speed sensor (18), a spring fixing bolt (19), a double keyway eccentric shaft (20) and a bearing seat (21); The motor (16) is fixed to the top of the motor mounting seat (17) by bolt connection, and the output shaft of the motor (16) is fixed to the end with a thicker shaft diameter by a flat key and a double keyway eccentric shaft (20); The motor mounting seat (17) is composed of a right-angle plate with triangular ribs and a right-angle plate with holes on one side. The backs of the two right-angle plates are connected together by bolts. The right-angle plate with ribs is fixed to the right column (24) in the support assembly (15) by bolts, and the other right-angle plate fixes the motor (16) by bolts. The rotation speed sensor (18) is fixed to the upper portion of the outer section of the flange plate that fixes the double keyway eccentric shaft (20) on the outermost side, and is on the same vertical line as the thinner end of the double keyway eccentric shaft (20) in the vertical direction; The spring fixing bolt (19) is installed in the bolt hole at the top of the left column (22) in the support assembly (15). The shaft diameter of the end of the spring fixing bolt (19) becomes thinner, and a return spring is fixed to the end; one end of the return spring is fixed to the spring fixing bolt (19), and the other end is fixed inside the spring hole (11) in the clamping assembly (A); The double keyway eccentric shaft (20) is composed of three sections, including a thick shaft, a thin shaft and an eccentric shaft section in the middle; the thick shaft end is connected to the output shaft of the motor (16) through a flat key, the thin shaft is located at the end, and the eccentric shaft section is located in the middle of the thick shaft and the thin shaft, and the three sections with different shaft diameters are all turned out by a lathe; bearings are installed on the periphery of the eccentric shaft section, and bearings are also installed on the periphery of the front and rear contact points of the double keyway eccentric shaft (20) and the right column (24); The main body of the bearing seat (21) is obtained by removing the central part of the upper and lower ends of a whole square steel, and the lower groove is clamped at the uppermost end of the right column (24) and fixed by bolts; the upper clamping groove is installed with a bearing, and is connected to the double keyway eccentric shaft (20) through the bearing; The support assembly (15) comprises a left column (22), a middle column (23), a right column (24) and a middle column bottom sleeve (25); The upper end of the left column (22) is made of square steel, and the lower end is a rectangular plate, and the two are fixed by welding; a threaded hole is opened at the center of the uppermost end, and is connected to the spring fixing bolt (19) through the threaded hole; the lowermost end is fixed to the base assembly (C) by bolts; and is located at the leftmost end of the support assembly (15); The center column (23) is cylindrical in shape, with its upper end fixed to the sleeve (12) in the clamping assembly (A) by bolts, and its lower end fixed to the center column bottom sleeve (25) by bolts; The right column (24) is integrally formed by welding a square steel on the top and a rectangular plate on the bottom, the upper end of which is fixed to the motor mounting seat (17) by bolts and a bearing seat (21), and the lower end is fixed to the slideway at the uppermost end of the base assembly (C) by bolts; The center column bottom sleeve (25) is formed by welding an upper cylinder and a lower disc, the upper end of which is fixed to the center column (23) by bolts, and the lower end of which is fixed to the uppermost slideway of the base assembly (C) by bolts.

5. The device for testing the small reciprocating peeling of corn ear kernels according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base assembly (C) is installed at the bottom of the entire test device, and includes a transverse slideway (26), a transverse handwheel (27), a transverse cover plate (28), a bidirectional slide seat (29), a longitudinal slideway (30), a longitudinal handwheel (31), a longitudinal cover plate (32), a rotating base (33) and a base (34); The transverse slideway (26) is located at the uppermost end of the entire base assembly (C), and is formed by turning a rectangular steel plate as a whole, with the upper end surface being the slideway, the lower end surface being a hollowed-out rectangular middle portion, and both sides being outwardly facing semi-dovetail grooves; The transverse hand wheel (27) is composed of a rotating handle, a rotating disc and a threaded rod. The threaded rod passes through the transverse cover plates (28) located outside the two end surfaces of the transverse slideway (26) and the hollow area in the middle of the lower part of the transverse slideway (26), contacts the threaded hole in the upper end surface of the bidirectional slide seat (29), and is fixed in the left and right transverse cover plates (28) through bearings. The transverse cover plate (28) is made of a rectangular steel plate by cutting, and the upper part has the same shape as the left and right end surfaces of the transverse slideway (26). A circular through hole for installing a bearing is opened in the middle, and threaded holes are opened on both sides of the through hole for installing and fixing the transverse cover plate (28) to the left and right ends of the transverse slideway (26); The bidirectional slide (29) is cut and processed from a rectangular thick steel plate, and the upper and lower end surfaces are provided with dovetail grooves in mutually perpendicular directions, and the middle of the dovetail groove is provided with a threaded hole for connecting with the threaded rods on the horizontal hand wheel (27) and the longitudinal hand wheel (31); The longitudinal slideway (30) is composed of a dovetail groove slideway and a base, which are fixed to each other by welding; when assembled, the dovetail groove at the upper end surface and the dovetail groove at the bottom of the bidirectional slide seat (29) are matched and connected, and the lower fixed seat fixes the entire longitudinal slideway (30) above the rotating base (33) by bolts; The longitudinal hand wheel (31) and the transverse hand wheel (27) are of the same shape and are also composed of a handle, a rotating disc and a threaded rod; the threaded rod passes through the middle of the dovetail groove above the longitudinal slideway (30), the center of the longitudinal cover plates (32) at the left and right ends of the longitudinal slideway (30) and the threaded hole at the center below the bidirectional slide seat (29); The longitudinal cover plate (32) is mainly a symmetrical pentagonal steel plate with a circular through hole for placing a bearing at the center, and is respectively installed on the left and right sides of the longitudinal slideway (30) by four bolts; The rotating base (33) is in the shape of a disk, and has four arc-shaped through holes on the periphery of the disk end surface and a circular through hole in the center, which are respectively fixed to the base (34) by bolts. The base (34) has the same size as the rotating base (33), and has threaded holes on the periphery and center corresponding to the four arc-shaped through holes on the rotating base (33) and the circular through hole in the center, and is fixed to the rotating base (33) by bolts.

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