Machining and online compensation method for annular groove of cartridge receiver part

Abstract

The invention relates to a machining and online compensation method for an annular groove of a cartridge receiver part, and aims at solving the machining problem of a high-precision T-shaped groove for mounting a stator blade in the cartridge receiver part of an aero-engine, the core of the machining and compensation method is an innovative machining and compensation scheme, turning machining is changed into milling and turning combined machining center machining, and a specific angle head and a measuring device are arranged; during turning, a groove cutter is matched with rotation of the angle head and rotation of the workbench to complete machining of the upper side and the lower side, and allowance is reserved; the difference value is measured and stored after machining, the final size is obtained through compensation machining according to the difference value, if the final size is not qualified, operation can be repeated, and the method effectively solves the automatic machining problem, improves the machining efficiency, reduces the use of the cutter handle and the angle head, reduces the cost, is already applied to actual production and has important value in the machining field of precision grooves of parts such as casings.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of mechanical numerical control processing, in particular to a processing method mainly used for the precision assembly of annular grooves of annular parts. Background Art

[0002] Some annular casing parts have different numbers of T-slots on the inner surface for mounting stator blades (see Figure 1 ), these grooves appear in pairs with very high precision. The traditional turning mode uses different tools and tool holders for the processing of the upper and lower grooves. Due to the reasons of tool clearance and tool size differences, it is difficult to directly guarantee the relative dimensional accuracy. Often, manual measurement of the processing results is required during the processing process, and the precision processing requirements are met through gradual compensation. This brings great difficulties to the automated processing of the whole process. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a new processing and compensation solution to meet the needs of automated processing. Summary of the invention

[0003] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention discloses a method for machining and online compensating annular grooves of casing parts.

[0004] The specific technical solutions are as follows:

[0005] A method for processing and online compensating annular grooves of casing parts comprises the following steps:

[0006] 1) The machining of the inner surface of the casing was changed from CNC lathe to milling and turning compound machining center;

[0007] 2) The milling and turning compound machining center is equipped with a 90-degree angle head for turning. The output port of the angle head has a 180-degree rotation function. The rotation angle of the angle head can be controlled by programming on the spindle;

[0008] 3) Equipped with a probe and a stylus for measuring the diameter of the inner surface T-slot. The probe is placed on a 90-degree angle head, and the output port of the angle head can rotate continuously;

[0009] 4) When turning this type of precision T-slot, equip the turning angle head with a slot cutter suitable for machining T-slots, rotate it to a fixed angle, turn the upper side (or lower side) first, then rotate the turning angle output end 180 degrees, and use the same turning head to complete the lower side (or upper side) processing.

[0010] 5) After the processing is completed, the probe for measuring the T-slot is called, and the measuring angle head is controlled by programming to rotate the probe angle to complete the upper and lower groove size measurements in turn, and the difference value is passed to the set global variable for storage.

[0011] 6) Recall the lathe processing angle head, obtain the difference value by setting the variable call measurement, and complete the compensation processing of the upper and lower grooves according to the procedure.

[0012] 7) If still unqualified, repeat steps 5) and 6).

[0013] The present invention further discloses the processing method in step 4): the processing program needs to leave a processing allowance and cannot be directly processed to the final size. If there is a tool letting situation during the processing, it is necessary to add a light knife program segment in the processing program.

[0014] Furthermore, the processing program segments in step 6) and step 4) are consistent, the difference is that in step 6) the T-slot is processed to the final design size.

[0015] The advantages of the present invention are: this processing method uses one tool to process the upper and lower grooves, eliminating the problem of inconsistent processing accuracy caused by tool differences and different tools, and better guarantees the axial size between the two grooves ( Figure 1 L1) and radial dimensions ( Figure 1 The L2) accuracy in the process can be better controlled through online measurement. This processing method can better solve the problem of high-precision dimensional automation. In addition, it also reduces the number of tool holders and angle heads used, reducing procurement costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a T-slot structure;

[0017] Figure 2 To measure the T-slot state diagram;

[0018] Figure 3 This is a diagram of the T-slot machining process. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] A method for processing and online compensating annular grooves of casing parts comprises the following steps:

[0021] 1) The machining of the inner surface of the casing is changed from CNC lathe to milling-turning composite machining center; CNC lathes mainly focus on turning of rotating parts, and their functions are relatively simple. Milling-turning composite machining center integrates both milling and turning functions, and has higher processing flexibility and precision control capabilities;

[0022] 2) The milling and turning compound machining center is equipped with a 90-degree angle head 1 for turning. The output port of the angle head 1 has a 180-degree rotation function. The rotation angle of the angle head can be controlled by programming on the spindle 2. For the processing of special shapes such as T-slots 3, the 90-degree angle can better meet the processing requirements of the sides and bottom of the slots, ensuring the accuracy and consistency of the processing. For example, when processing the vertical side of the T-slot, the 90-degree angle head can make the tool cut perpendicular to the processing surface to ensure the flatness and verticality of the side.

[0023] 3) Equipped with a probe 4 and a stylus 5 for measuring the diameter of the inner surface T-slot. The probe 4 is placed on a 90-degree angle head, and the output port of the angle head 1 can rotate continuously. The probe 4 is a key part of the measurement system. It is used in conjunction with the stylus 5 to contact the surface of the T-slot and obtain the size information of the slot through physical contact. The accuracy and shape design of the stylus are crucial for accurately measuring the diameter of the slot. It can penetrate into the slot and measure along the contour of the slot to ensure that accurate diameter size data is obtained. For T-slots with complex shapes, such as slots with special curvatures or irregular contours, programming to control the probe angle can make it better adapt to the measurement task. The measuring angle of the probe can be flexibly adjusted according to the specific shape and size requirements of the slot to ensure that accurate size data can be obtained at each key position. For example, when measuring the slot wall with a certain curvature, the probe is controlled by programming to measure along the curvature at a suitable angle, thereby obtaining accurate slot wall contour dimensions.

[0024] 4) When machining this type of precision T-slot, equip the machining angle head 6 with a slot cutter 7 suitable for machining the T-slot, rotate it to a fixed angle, first machine the upper side (or lower side), then rotate the machining angle output end 180 degrees, and use the same machine to complete the machining of the lower side (or upper side).

[0025] 5) After the processing is completed, the probe 4 for measuring the T-slot is called, and the measuring angle head is controlled by programming to rotate the probe angle, and the upper and lower slot dimensions are measured in turn, and the difference values ​​are passed to the set global variables for storage, and the calculated difference values ​​are passed to the set global variables (such as R variables) for storage. The purpose of storing these difference values ​​is to facilitate the call of these data in the subsequent processing process for compensation processing.

[0026] 6) Recall the lathe processing angle head 6, obtain the difference value by setting the variable call measurement, and complete the compensation processing of the upper and lower grooves according to the program; in the compensation processing link, the program can directly read the difference value stored in the global variable, and adjust the processing parameters according to these values, so as to correct the processing error and improve the processing accuracy. For example, if it is found that there is a difference in the diameter size of the upper and lower grooves in the subsequent processing, the cutting amount of the tool can be adjusted according to the previously stored diameter difference value, so that the diameter of the upper and lower grooves is closer to the design requirements. This method of data storage and application realizes closed-loop control in the processing process, which can effectively improve the processing accuracy of the annular groove of the casing parts and ensure product quality.

[0027] 7) If it is still unqualified, repeat steps 5) and 6). When the processing result is unqualified, repeating steps 5) and 6 is an effective correction method. Step 5) obtains the difference values ​​of the upper and lower groove sizes through precise measurement. These difference values ​​reflect the deviation between the current processing state and the ideal state. Step 6) performs compensatory processing based on these difference values ​​to try to reduce the deviation. However, in some cases, a single compensatory processing may not be able to completely eliminate the error, so these two steps need to be repeated. Each repetition is adjusted based on the previous processing results. Through continuous measurement and compensation, the ideal processing accuracy is gradually approached, just like gradually adjusting the focal length of the sight. Each adjustment will make the image clearer, and ultimately achieve the purpose of accurately aiming at the target (in accordance with the processing accuracy requirements).

[0028] The present invention further discloses the processing method in step 4): the processing program needs to leave a processing allowance and cannot be directly processed to the final size. If there is a tool letting situation in the processing process, it is necessary to add a light knife program segment in the processing program. The processing program of this step is set to leave a small amount of allowance instead of directly processing to the final size. This is a reasonable processing strategy. During the processing process, due to the influence of various factors (such as tool wear, workpiece material deformation, etc.), direct processing to the final size may cause dimensional deviation beyond the allowable range. Reserving a small amount of allowance can provide adjustment space for subsequent compensation processing to ensure that the final processing result can meet high-precision requirements. For example, when processing some aerospace engine parts that require extremely high dimensional accuracy, reserve allowance can effectively avoid processing errors caused by unforeseen factors; regarding the smoothing knife, if a large amount of tool letting is found during the processing, that is, the tool deviates from the theoretical position due to factors such as cutting force during processing, the smoothing knife program segment uses a smaller cutting amount to perform fine processing on the groove. Its main purpose is to remove the excess allowance caused by tool letting and other reasons, and correct the dimensional deviation that occurs during the processing process, so as to ensure the accuracy of the processing results. The smoothing knife operation can make the surface of the groove smoother, the size more precise, and improve the processing quality of the parts.

[0029] Furthermore, the machining program segments in step 6) and step 4) are consistent, the difference is that in step 6), the T-slot is machined to the final design size, and step 6) is a compensation process, which can also be said to be a finishing process, calling the lathe machining angle head and tool used in step 4) for machining, which is to maintain the consistency and stability of the machining process. In step 4), the lathe machining angle head and tool have shown a certain adaptability and accuracy in the process of machining the T-slot, and continuing to use them can reduce the errors that may be introduced by replacing the machining equipment. For example, if the wear condition of the tool in step 4) has reached a relatively stable state with the machining requirements of the T-slot, then continuing to use the tool during the compensation process can better ensure the machining accuracy.

Claims

1. A method for processing and online compensating annular grooves of casing parts, characterized in that: The steps include: 1) The machining of the inner surface of the casing was changed from CNC lathe to milling and turning compound machining center; 2) The milling and turning compound machining center is equipped with a 90-degree angle head for turning. The output port of the angle head has a 180-degree rotation function. The rotation angle of the angle head can be controlled by programming on the spindle; 3) Equipped with a probe and a stylus for measuring the diameter of the inner surface T-slot. The probe is placed on a 90-degree angle head, and the output port of the angle head can rotate continuously; 4) When turning this type of precision T-slot, equip the turning angle head with a slot cutter suitable for machining T-slots, rotate it to a fixed angle, turn the upper side (or lower side) first, then rotate the turning angle output end 180 degrees, and use the same turning head to complete the lower side (or upper side) processing. 5) After the processing is completed, the probe for measuring the T-slot is called, and the measuring angle head is controlled by programming to rotate the probe angle to complete the upper and lower groove size measurements in turn, and the difference value is passed to the set global variable for storage. 6) Recall the lathe processing angle head, obtain the difference value by setting the variable call measurement, and complete the compensation processing of the upper and lower grooves according to the procedure. 7) If still unqualified, repeat steps 5) and 6).

2. The casing parts annular groove processing and online compensation method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Processing method in step 4): The processing program needs to leave a processing allowance and cannot be directly processed to the final size. If there is a tool allowance during the processing, it is necessary to add a light tool program segment to the processing program.

3. The method for processing and online compensating annular grooves of casing parts according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The processing program segments in step 6) and step 4) are the same, the difference is that in step 6) the T-slot is processed to the final design size.

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