Wind and sand prevention system of equipment foundation in desert area and construction method of wind and sand prevention system

Abstract

The invention discloses a wind and sand prevention system for an equipment foundation in a desert area and a construction method of the wind and sand prevention system, belongs to the technical field of engineering construction in the desert area, and can solve the problem that in the prior art, targeted wind and sand prevention design for wind power generation equipment in the desert area is lacked, so that the construction difficulty of wind power generation engineering is increased. The system comprises a weight covering unit which is pressed on an equipment foundation; the first sand stabilization unit is arranged on the outer side of the equipment foundation, is located in the prevailing wind direction of the desert area and comprises a plurality of rows of sand stabilization trees; the second sand stabilization unit is arranged on one side, far away from the equipment foundation, of the first sand stabilization unit and comprises a plurality of rows of straw checks; the high vertical sand barrier unit is arranged on the side, away from the first sand stabilization unit, of the second sand stabilization unit and used for blocking sand wind in the prevailing wind direction of the desert area. The sand-proof device is used for sand-proof of the equipment foundation in the desert area.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a wind and sand prevention system for equipment foundation in desert areas and a construction method thereof, belonging to the technical field of engineering construction in desert areas. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of wind power technology, large-scale construction of wind power projects in desert areas has become an inevitable trend.

[0003] When constructing wind power generation projects in desert areas, wind erosion, wind sand transport and accumulation in desert areas are the most common hazards of engineering construction. The design of wind and sand protection systems in desert areas should be adapted to local conditions. Different wind and sand protection systems should be established according to specific weather and meteorological conditions, and different measures should be taken. However, the existing technology lacks targeted wind and sand protection designs for wind power generation equipment in desert areas, which makes the construction of wind power generation projects more difficult. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention provides a wind and sand protection system for equipment foundations in desert areas and a construction method thereof, which can solve the problem in the prior art that there is a lack of targeted wind and sand protection design for wind power generation equipment in desert areas, thereby increasing the difficulty of wind power generation project construction.

[0005] In one aspect, the present invention provides a sand-proof system for equipment foundations in desert areas, the system comprising: Cover weight unit, which is installed on the equipment foundation; A first sand-fixing unit is arranged outside the equipment foundation and in the main wind direction of the desert area, and includes a plurality of rows of sand-fixing trees; A second sand-fixing unit is arranged on a side of the first sand-fixing unit away from the equipment foundation, and includes a plurality of rows of grass grids; A high vertical sand barrier unit is arranged on a side of the second sand fixation unit away from the first sand fixation unit, and is used to block the sand in the main wind direction of the desert area; The high vertical sand barrier unit comprises: A sand barrier support, comprising a plurality of sand barrier columns and a plurality of horizontal support rods; the plurality of sand barrier columns are erected in the sand outside the second sand fixation unit and arranged in an arch shape; the plurality of horizontal support rods are respectively connected to the tops of two adjacent sand barrier columns; The sand-blocking surface layer is laid on the windward surface of the sand-blocking support and is used to block the sand in the main wind direction of the desert area.

[0006] Optionally, there are two tall vertical sand barrier units, and the two tall vertical sand barrier units are symmetrically distributed around the equipment foundation as the center axis.

[0007] Optionally, there are two second sand-fixing units, and the two second sand-fixing units are respectively located in the main wind direction of the desert area and in the secondary wind direction opposite to the main wind direction; the size of the grass grid located in the main wind direction is smaller than the size of the grass grid located in the secondary wind direction; The multiple rows of grass grids included in the second sand fixation unit are distributed in a fan shape.

[0008] Optionally, there are two first sand-fixing units, which are respectively located in the main wind direction of the desert area and in the secondary wind direction opposite to the main wind direction; the multiple rows of sand-fixing trees included in the first sand-fixing unit are distributed in a fan shape.

[0009] Optionally, the first sand-fixing unit includes three rows of sand-fixing trees; the three rows of sand-fixing trees are respectively a row of first trees and shrubs, and two rows of second trees and shrubs located on both sides of the first trees and shrubs; the tree height of the first trees and shrubs is greater than the tree height of the second trees and shrubs.

[0010] Optionally, the cover weight unit comprises: Backfill layer, laid on the equipment foundation; A compaction layer, pressed on the backfill layer; A cover weight layer is arranged on the compacted layer.

[0011] Optionally, the material used for the cover weight layer is graded crushed stone, and the thickness of the cover weight layer is 200 mm to 500 mm.

[0012] On the other hand, the present invention provides a construction method of a wind and sand protection system for a device foundation in a desert area based on any one of the above, the method comprising: A cover weight unit is pressed on the equipment foundation, and a high vertical sand barrier unit is arranged outside the equipment foundation; A second sand fixation unit is provided between the high vertical sand barrier unit and the equipment foundation; A first sand-fixing unit is arranged between the second sand-fixing unit and the equipment foundation.

[0013] The beneficial effects that the present invention can produce include: The wind and sand prevention system for equipment foundation in desert areas provided by the present invention forms a comprehensive sand prevention and control system of high vertical sand barriers + grass grids + sand-fixing trees by setting up outer high vertical sand barrier units to block sand + middle-layer grass grids to fix sand + internal sand-fixing trees to fix sand. The present invention forms an ecological comprehensive prevention and control system by designing a multi-layer annular wind and sand prevention system along the primary and secondary wind directions. In the early stage, sand barriers are used to fix quicksand to create conditions for vegetation restoration. In the middle and late stages, vegetation gradually forms, and its above-ground parts and root systems begin to play a role in preventing wind and fixing sand. The wind and sand prevention system can prevent wind and sand, fix quicksand and restore vegetation. At the same time, supporting drip irrigation measures can be considered to ensure plant survival rate.

[0014] The wind and sand prevention system for the equipment foundation in the desert area provided by the present invention innovatively adopts an arched high vertical sand barrier unit on the outside to block sand. On the one hand, the special body shape can make the angle between the windward surface of the sand barriers on both sides and the wind direction obtuse, which can promote the separation of the sand behind the sand barrier, play a role in guiding sand, disperse the sand around the sand barrier, and extend its service life; on the other hand, the arched structure can disperse the arrangement of the sand barrier columns, which is conducive to the stability of the structure. The high vertical sand barrier columns and the sand-blocking surface layer are made of local materials, which is conducive to environmental protection and resource conservation. The middle-layer fan-shaped grass grid sand-fixing system uses the outer arched high vertical sand barrier as a barrier, which is suitable for the body shape of the circumferential protection of the wind turbine foundation, and forms a series of fan-shaped grass grids in a first circumferential and then radial manner, which plays a role in fixing the quicksand in an ecological way. The internal circumferential high and low trees and shrubs fix the sand, and the inner and outer layers of trees and shrubs are arranged in a staggered manner, and cooperate with the fan-shaped grass grid to prevent the erosion of the wind and sand on the wind turbine foundation area in an ecological sand-proof manner. Considering the low content of clay and powder in aeolian sand, the backfill layer of the wind turbine foundation is protected by laying straw on the surface and compacting it. At the same time, it is covered with crushed stone to cover and prevent wind and sand. Through the comprehensive sand prevention and control system of multi-layer circumferential high vertical sand barriers + grass grids + trees and shrubs, as well as the matching of straw rolling and crushed stone covering, it can effectively prevent wind and sand and cover. The present invention is convenient to construct, energy-saving and environmentally friendly, cost-effective, and has a strong value for promotion and application. It is conducive to taking the lead in the construction of such projects in the future, and it can also promote the development of the entire industry. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 A schematic elevation diagram of a wind and sand protection system for equipment foundations in desert areas provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 A schematic plan view of a sandstorm prevention system for equipment foundations in desert areas provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0016] Reference numerals: 1. Sand-blocking surface layer; 2. Sand barrier columns; 3. Horizontal support poles; 4. Grass grids; 5. Sand-fixing grass; 6. First trees and shrubs; 7. Second trees and shrubs; 8. Backfill layer; 9. Covering layer; 10. Equipment foundation; 11. Superstructure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

[0018] The embodiment of the present invention provides a sandstorm prevention system for equipment foundation in desert areas, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the system comprises: The cover weight unit is pressed on the equipment foundation 10.

[0019] The equipment foundation 10 is a foundation for a large-scale high-rise equipment, for example, a fan foundation. The fan foundation is a reinforced concrete part of a conventional fan expansion foundation, and other commonly used fan foundation types can also be used as needed to meet the connection requirements with the superstructure 11.

[0020] The above-mentioned cover weight unit comprises: The backfill layer 8 is laid on the equipment foundation 10 .

[0021] Specifically, the original foundation sand can be dried, backfilled and compacted, and its covering weight can be used to assist in stabilizing the foundation.

[0022] The compaction layer is pressed onto the backfill layer 8.

[0023] Considering that the content of clay and silt in the surface aeolian sand is relatively small, the surface activity of the particles is very low, they are non-sticky and easy to loosen. In order to reduce uneven settlement, 1 to 3 layers of straw (or reeds, wheat straw, etc.) are laid on the surface of the backfill layer 8, and 10cm to 30cm of mountain stone is laid on the straw, which not only meets the strength requirements but also facilitates rolling to the required compaction degree.

[0024] A cover weight layer 9 is provided on the compacted layer.

[0025] The material used for the cover weight layer 9 is graded crushed stone, and the thickness of the cover weight layer 9 is 200 mm to 500 mm.

[0026] The heavy cover layer 9 plays the covering and wind-sand protection effect. Certainly also can adopt other similar materials, satisfy covering and protection requirement and get final product.

[0027] In the present invention, considering that the content of clay and powder in the wind-blown sand in the backfill layer 8 of the wind turbine foundation is relatively small, straw is laid on the surface and compacted for protection. At the same time, crushed stones are used to cover and prevent wind and sand.

[0028] The first sand-fixing unit is arranged outside the equipment foundation 10 and is located in the main wind direction of the desert area, and includes a plurality of rows of sand-fixing trees.

[0029] In an embodiment of the present invention, there are two first sand-fixing units, which are respectively located in the main wind direction and the secondary wind direction opposite to the main wind direction in the desert area; the multiple rows of sand-fixing trees contained in the first sand-fixing units are distributed in a fan shape. Figure 1 The arrows in the figure show the prevailing wind direction in desert areas.

[0030] In actual application, the first sand-fixing unit includes three rows of sand-fixing trees; the three rows of sand-fixing trees are a row of first trees and shrubs 6 and two rows of second trees and shrubs 7 located on both sides of the first trees and shrubs 6; the tree height of the first trees and shrubs 6 is greater than the tree height of the second trees and shrubs 7.

[0031] Among the first trees and shrubs 6 and the second trees and shrubs 7, it is recommended that the trees be poplar and Tamarix, with pit-shaped land preparation, the recommended land preparation specifications of 0.6m×0.6m, and the plant spacing of 2m×8m. It is recommended that the shrubs be Calligonum mongolicum, with pit-shaped land preparation, the recommended land preparation specifications of 0.4m×0.4m, and the plant spacing of 1m×4m. The configuration mode is 3 rows of shrubs and 2 rows of trees, with poplar and Tamarix interplanting in rows.

[0032] The second sand-fixing unit is arranged on a side of the first sand-fixing unit away from the equipment foundation 10 , and includes a plurality of rows of grass grids 4 .

[0033] In the embodiment of the present invention, there are two second sand fixation units, which are respectively located in the main wind direction and the secondary wind direction opposite to the main wind direction in the desert area; the size of the grass grid 4 located in the main wind direction is smaller than the size of the grass grid 4 located in the secondary wind direction. The multiple rows of grass grids 4 included in the second sand fixation unit are all distributed in a fan shape.

[0034] The above-mentioned second sand-fixing unit, namely the fan-shaped grass grid sand barrier, is arranged in a fan-shaped pattern around the wind turbine foundation. Wheat straw, rice straw, reeds and other materials are directly inserted into the sand layer manually or mechanically in the order of circumferential and radial construction to form a grid-shaped semi-hidden sand barrier, which can play a role in preventing wind and sand, intercepting precipitation, reducing water evaporation, and replenishing nutrients for sand and soil.

[0035] The size of the grass grid 4 located in the main wind direction can be designed to be 0.5m~1.2m×0.5m~1.2m, inserted into the soil 15cm~30cm, and exposed 30cm~50cm. The size of the grass grid 4 located in the secondary wind direction is designed to be 1.2m~2.0m×1.2m~2.0m, inserted into the soil 15cm~30cm, and exposed 30cm~50cm. The specific construction process is as follows: According to the design drawings, the circumferential and radial wind grids are drawn, and the fully rolled materials are stacked vertically along the drawn grid edges. The amount of material for each grass grid 4 is controlled at 1.0kg~2.0kg. The larger value is taken when the grid is large, and the smaller value is taken when the grid is small. The vertical force of the material is adjusted by the amount of grass grid 4 to prevent it from falling and ensure the effect of resisting wind and sand. Along the grid edges, use manual or mechanical pressure in the middle of the material to make the two ends of the material stand up automatically. After the stepping and compaction is completed, the sand on both sides of the sand barrier should be pushed to the root of the sand barrier with tools, so that the grass grid sand barrier can stand firmly on the sand and truly play the role of sand fixation and wind prevention. After the circumferential direction is completed, the radial direction can be constructed, and the circumferential and radial directions must be well connected. If it is necessary to fix the sand falling slope, first make a grid from the top, and then work downwards in sequence, and make vertical strips first, and then horizontal strips. It is advisable to comprehensively consider the arrangement of high and low trees and shrubs and set up irrigation pipelines.

[0036] After setting up the fan-shaped grass grid 4, grass needs to be planted in the grass grid 4. It is advisable to use local easy-to-grow sand millet seeds, wormwood seeds, bitter bean seeds, etc. as sand-fixing grass 5. After spreading the grass seeds, water is applied in time to ensure that the seedlings emerge before the cold weather.

[0037] In the present invention, the second sand-fixing unit in the middle layer is suitable for the circumferential protection of the wind turbine foundation, and forms a series of fan-shaped grass grids 4 in a circumferential and then radial manner. The first sand-fixing unit on the inside, in a staggered arrangement of trees and shrubs in the inner and outer layers, cooperates with the fan-shaped grass grids 4 to prevent the erosion of the wind and sand on the wind turbine foundation area in an ecological sand-proof manner.

[0038] The high vertical sand barrier unit is arranged on the side of the second sand fixation unit away from the first sand fixation unit, and is used to block the wind and sand in the main wind direction in the desert area.

[0039] In an embodiment of the present invention, the high vertical sand barrier unit comprises: The sand-blocking support is erected in the sand outside the second sand-fixing unit; the sand-blocking surface layer 1 is laid on the windward surface of the sand-blocking support to block the sand in the main wind direction of the desert area.

[0040] The sand-blocking support includes: a plurality of sand barrier columns 2, all of which are erected in the sand outside the second sand-fixing unit and arranged in an arch shape; and a plurality of horizontal support rods 3, respectively connected to the tops of two adjacent sand barrier columns 2.

[0041] In actual application, there are two high vertical sand barrier units, and the two high vertical sand barrier units are symmetrically distributed with the equipment foundation 10 as the center axis.

[0042] The materials of the above-mentioned high vertical sand barrier units are based on the principle of sufficient supply in the implementation area, easy to obtain materials, low price, good sand fixation effect, and small side effects. Reeds, wheat straw and rice straw can be used as the sand barrier surface layer 1. The height of the high vertical sand barrier unit above the ground is 1.0m~1.5m. A wooden stake (i.e., sand barrier column 2) is set every 3m~8m, with a burial depth of 0.5m~1.0m. The sand barrier surface layer 1 is fixed to the wooden stake with iron wire, and 5~8 iron wires are tied to each row of the sand barrier surface layer 1. Considering that the bow-shaped arrangement can make the angle between the windward surface of the sand barriers on both sides and the wind direction obtuse, it can promote the separation of sand behind the sand barrier, play a sand-guiding role, disperse the sand around the sand barrier, and extend its service life. In practical applications, high vertical sand barrier units can be arranged in multiple layers with a spacing of 10m~20m according to specific needs.

[0043] In the wind and sand prevention system of the present invention, an innovative arch-shaped high vertical sand barrier unit is used on the outside to block sand. On the one hand, the special shape can make the angle between the windward side of the sand barriers on both sides and the wind direction obtuse, which can promote the separation of sand behind the sand barrier, play a sand-guiding role, disperse the sand around the sand barrier, and extend its service life; on the other hand, the arch-shaped structure can disperse the arrangement of the sand barrier columns 2, which is conducive to the stability of the structure. The high vertical sand barrier columns 2 and the sand-blocking surface layer 1 are made of local materials, which is conducive to environmental protection and resource conservation.

[0044] Another embodiment of the present invention provides a method for constructing a wind and sand protection system for an equipment foundation in a desert area based on any one of the above methods, the method comprising: S1. A cover weight unit is installed on the equipment foundation 10 , and a high vertical sand barrier unit is installed outside the equipment foundation 10 .

[0045] Specifically, firstly, the foundation pit of the wind turbine is excavated and the foundation is constructed; then the covering construction of the weight unit is carried out; followed by the construction of the arched high vertical sand barrier columns 2, the construction of the horizontal support rods 3 and the binding of the plant-type sand-blocking surface layer 1.

[0046] S2. A second sand fixation unit is arranged between the high vertical sand barrier unit and the equipment foundation 10.

[0047] Specifically, the fan-shaped grass grid 4 is firstly constructed in the circumferential and radial directions, and then grass is planted in the fan-shaped grass grid 4.

[0048] S3. A first sand-fixing unit is arranged between the second sand-fixing unit and the equipment foundation 10 .

[0049] Specifically, the high trees and shrubs (i.e., the first trees and shrubs 6) are constructed first; and then the low trees and shrubs (i.e., the second trees and shrubs 7) on both sides are constructed.

[0050] The present invention forms an ecological comprehensive prevention and control system by designing a multi-layer annular sand prevention system along the primary and secondary wind directions, fixing quicksand and restoring vegetation. At the same time, supporting drip irrigation measures can be considered to ensure the survival rate of plants. Specifically, a multi-layer annular high vertical sand barrier + grass grid + trees and shrubs are used to fix sand on the outside + fix sand on the middle fan-shaped grass grid + fix sand on the inside to form a comprehensive sand prevention and control system of multi-layer annular high vertical sand barriers + grass grid + trees and shrubs. In the early stage, sand barriers are used to fix quicksand and create conditions for vegetation restoration. In the middle and late stages, vegetation is gradually formed, and its above-ground parts and root systems begin to play a role in preventing wind and fixing sand.

[0051] The above are only a few embodiments of the present application and do not constitute any form of limitation to the present application. Although the present application is disclosed as above with preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present application. Any technician familiar with the profession, without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present application, using the technical content disclosed above to make slight changes or modifications are equivalent to equivalent implementation cases and fall within the scope of the technical solution.

Claims

1. A sand-proof system for equipment foundation in desert areas, characterized in that: The system comprises: Cover weight unit, which is installed on the equipment foundation; A first sand-fixing unit is arranged outside the equipment foundation and in the main wind direction of the desert area, and includes a plurality of rows of sand-fixing trees; A second sand-fixing unit is arranged on a side of the first sand-fixing unit away from the equipment foundation, and includes a plurality of rows of grass grids; A high vertical sand barrier unit is arranged on a side of the second sand fixation unit away from the first sand fixation unit, and is used to block the sand in the main wind direction of the desert area; The high vertical sand barrier unit comprises: A sand barrier support, comprising a plurality of sand barrier columns and a plurality of horizontal support rods; the plurality of sand barrier columns are erected in the sand outside the second sand fixation unit and arranged in an arch shape; the plurality of horizontal support rods are respectively connected to the tops of two adjacent sand barrier columns; The sand-blocking surface layer is laid on the windward surface of the sand-blocking support and is used to block the sand in the main wind direction of the desert area.

2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that There are two high vertical sand barrier units, and the two high vertical sand barrier units are symmetrically distributed with the equipment foundation as the center axis.

3. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that There are two second sand-fixing units, and the two second sand-fixing units are respectively located in the main wind direction of the desert area and in the secondary wind direction opposite to the main wind direction; the size of the grass grid located in the main wind direction is smaller than the size of the grass grid located in the secondary wind direction; The multiple rows of grass grids included in the second sand fixation unit are distributed in a fan shape.

4. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that There are two first sand-fixing units, which are respectively located in the main wind direction of the desert area and in the secondary wind direction opposite to the main wind direction; the multiple rows of sand-fixing trees contained in the first sand-fixing units are distributed in a fan shape.

5. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The first sand-fixing unit includes three rows of sand-fixing trees; the three rows of sand-fixing trees are respectively a row of first trees and shrubs, and two rows of second trees and shrubs located on both sides of the first trees and shrubs; the tree height of the first trees and shrubs is greater than the tree height of the second trees and shrubs.

6. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The cover weight unit comprises: Backfill layer, laid on the equipment foundation; A compaction layer, pressed on the backfill layer; A cover weight layer is arranged on the compacted layer.

7. The system according to claim 6, characterized in that The material used for the cover weight layer is graded crushed stone, and the thickness of the cover weight layer is 200mm~500mm.

8. A construction method for a wind and sand protection system for an equipment foundation in a desert area based on any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The method comprises: A cover weight unit is pressed on the equipment foundation, and a high vertical sand barrier unit is arranged outside the equipment foundation; A second sand fixation unit is provided between the high vertical sand barrier unit and the equipment foundation; A first sand-fixing unit is arranged between the second sand-fixing unit and the equipment foundation.

Images