Inward-opening type safe door for people to enter

Abstract

The invention discloses an inward opening type safety access door which comprises an access door seat and an access door body, an outer hinge is connected between the access door body and the access door seat, and a telescopic device is arranged between the outer hinge and the access door seat; the telescopic device drives the outer hinge to move, and the people entering door body is opened and closed on the inner side of the people entering door seat through the outer hinge. More effective sealing can be formed, and the risk of leakage is reduced. Even if an external fastener breaks down or is impacted by external force, the door is not easy to open accidentally. When bearing high pressure, the device has lower average stress, and can improve the safety and high efficiency of overhaul and maintenance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of water turbine inlet valves, in particular to an inwardly opening safety entrance door. Background Art

[0002] The safety access door is opened in the telescopic pipe of the water inlet ball valve of the super-high head giant impact unit. The diameter is usually 600 mm or 800 mm. It is in a normally closed state during normal operation and is only used as an access channel for maintenance when repairing the impact turbine and the water supply system. Therefore, the working position of the safety access door determines that it needs to bear the upstream ultra-high pressure for a long time, and also withstand the boost pressure in the telescopic pipe when the unit is unloaded. Compared with conventional hydropower stations, since the number of nozzles in the water distribution ring pipe of the impact turbine is usually 4, 6 or 8, during the operation throughout the year, the special operation mode of single nozzle and multi-nozzle is timely adopted as the flow changes, so as to achieve efficient use of limited flow for power generation. During normal operation, the water pressure P of the telescopic pipe is approximately the water pressure of the upstream water supply system; when switching the operation mode, for the safety of the power plant unit equipment and staff, the water inlet valve on the flange side of the expansion joint is usually closed. When the water inlet valve is fully closed, the water pressure P in the telescopic pipe drops to zero, and the ΔP amplitude value is equal to the P value. When the operating mode is frequently switched, the telescopic tube, safety entry door assembly and safety entry door seat will be subjected to long-term alternating stress and there is a risk of fatigue failure. Therefore, the opening type of the entry door and the reliability of its safety entry door assembly and safety entry door seat are directly related to the safety of the entire power plant building. Once they fail, it is very easy to cause major safety accidents such as flooding of the power plant building. Therefore, they have always been highly valued by power plants.

[0003] For the above reasons, the telescopic tube, safety door assembly and safety door seat must be strictly calculated to ensure that they meet the requirements of relevant standards or specifications. For the water inlet ball valve of ultra-high head giant impact unit, the design pressure is usually 6MPa or above, and the weight of the safety door opened in the telescopic tube is 800kg or above.

[0004] At present, the expansion joint or turbine volute entry door is an outward-opening door, which has a relatively simple structure. When the outward-opening door is closed, it may be difficult to form a completely watertight seal. High water pressure may cause water to flow into the room through the door gap, especially when the sealing performance between the door and the door frame is insufficient. In addition, high water pressure will generate a large external pressure on the door, the door body may be deformed or damaged, and it may be accidentally opened due to vibration, external impact or equipment failure, which may cause rapid water accumulation inside the plant. Summary of the invention

[0005] The invention aims to provide an inward opening safety access door to solve the above problems, which helps to form a more effective seal and reduce the risk of leakage. Even if the external fastener fails or is hit by external force, the door is not easy to open accidentally. When subjected to high pressure, the average stress is low, and the maintenance safety and efficiency can be improved.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0007] An inward-opening safety entry door comprises an entry door seat and an entry door body, wherein an external hinge is connected between the entry door body and the entry door seat, and a telescopic device is provided between the external hinge and the entry door seat; the telescopic device drives the external hinge to move, and the entry door body is opened and closed on the inner side of the entry door seat through the external hinge.

[0008] Optionally, the entry door seat is a conical seat, and the small diameter section of the entry door seat faces outwards.

[0009] Optionally, the outer side of the entry door seat is further provided with a hanging branch extending outward, and the telescopic device is arranged between the hanging branch and the hinge structure.

[0010] Optionally, the outer hinge is arranged on the downstream side of the entrance door seat.

[0011] Optionally, the external hinge includes a curved rod, the middle portion of which is bent outward, the rotating end of which is connected to the outer side of the entry door body via a hinge structure, and the free end of the curved rod is fixedly connected to the entry door body.

[0012] Optionally, the curved rod adopts a parallel truss multi-curved plate structure, and the upper and lower planes of the curved rod are parallel.

[0013] Optionally, both ends of the curved rod are provided with double-ear plate structures, and sliding bearings are embedded inside the double-ear plate structures arranged at the free ends of the curved rod.

[0014] Optionally, an ear seat is provided on the entrance door seat, and the end of the external hinge is connected to the ear seat by a bolt, the head of the bolt faces upward, a nut is screwed on the lower part of the bolt, and an anti-loosening sleeve is provided on the outer side of the nut.

[0015] Optionally, the interior of the anti-loosening sleeve corresponds to the outer shape of the nut, and the anti-loosening sleeve is connected to the ear seat by spot welding.

[0016] Optionally, the bolt includes a plurality of shaft diameter sections with successively narrower sizes.

[0017] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0018] 1. The inward-opening safety door provided by the present invention will not be accidentally pushed open due to the internal water pressure, but will be more solid. In addition, the inward-opening door is more likely to form a tight seal with the door frame when closed, reducing the risk of high-pressure water penetration.

[0019] 2. The inward-opening safety entry door provided by the present invention is specially designed with a compact outer hinge linkage operating mechanism. The outer hinge is connected to the outside of the door, and its lever arm can be longer than that of the inner hinge, which can generate greater torque. It can more effectively transmit and support the weight of the door, making it more stable when opening and closing. The telescopic device can share part of the weight of the door body, thereby reducing the burden on the outer hinge and improving the overall load-bearing capacity.

[0020] 3. The inward-opening safety door provided by the present invention has a low average stress when subjected to high pressure; the top of the conical seat occupies a small space outside the steel pipe, and the outer hinge structure is easy to arrange, which can avoid interference between the hinge and the door seat; the outer hinge adopts a parallel truss multi-curved plate structure, which has the characteristics of easy manual operation; the outer hinge is provided with a double-ear plate structure with an embedded sliding bearing, which is connected with a cantilever swing hydraulic relay to realize the automatic opening of the inward-opening door on site. It can improve the safety and efficiency of inspection and maintenance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] The present invention will now be described by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0022] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 2 It is a structural diagram of the hinged structure.

[0024] Markings in the figure: 1-entry door seat, 2-entry door body, 3-external hinge, 4-double-ear plate structure, 5-ear seat, 6-bolt, 7-nut, 8-anti-loosening sleeve, 9-sleeve, 10-first shaft sleeve, 11-second shaft sleeve, 12-first thrust bearing, 13-second thrust bearing, 14-telescopic device, 15-suspension support. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0026] All features disclosed in this specification, or steps in all methods or processes disclosed, except mutually exclusive features and / or steps, can be combined in any manner.

[0027] Any feature disclosed in this specification, unless otherwise stated, can be replaced by other equivalent or alternative features with similar purposes. That is, unless otherwise stated, each feature is only an example of a series of equivalent or similar features.

[0028] An inward opening safety door, such as Figure 1-2 As shown, it includes an entry door seat 1 and an entry door body 2, an external hinge 3 is connected between the entry door body 2 and the entry door seat 1, and a telescopic device 14 is provided between the external hinge 3 and the entry door seat 1; the telescopic device 14 drives the external hinge 3 to move, and the entry door body 2 is opened and closed on the inner side of the entry door seat 1 through the external hinge 3.

[0029] Specifically, when the inward opening door is closed, the pressure on both sides of the door is balanced. The internal water pressure acts on the inside of the door, while the outside is subjected to the same pressure by the door structure and fasteners. This pressure balance causes the door body to be subjected to uniform pressure distribution, thereby increasing stability. In addition, the internal water pressure presses the door tightly against the door frame, which helps to form a more effective seal and reduces the risk of leakage. At the same time, this pressing action also makes the door less likely to be pushed open when subjected to external forces. The internal water pressure actually provides additional support for the door. Under high pressure, the water pressure acts like a huge force to help the door stay in the closed position, which is equivalent to increasing the "self-locking" effect of the door. In addition, due to the existence of internal water pressure, any vibration transmitted to the door through the fluid will be buffered by this pressure, thereby reducing the impact of vibration on the door structure, and even if the external fasteners fail or are hit by external forces, the door is not easy to accidentally open, and the door remains closed. In addition, in order to ensure that the safety access door of the impact power station is absolutely safe within the specified effective service life, the weight reaches thousands of kg, and the torque required for opening and closing is particularly large, which cannot be designed into a simple internal hinge type. Therefore, in order to realize the safe, flexible and convenient opening or closing of the safety access door on site, this solution specially designs a compact external hinge 3 linkage operating mechanism. The external hinge 3 is connected to the outside of the door, and its lever arm (the distance from the hinge axis to the force of the door body) can be longer than the internal hinge. According to the principle of lever, the longer the lever arm, the greater the torque can be generated under the same force. This means that the external hinge 3 can more effectively transmit and support the weight of the door, making it more stable when opening and closing. The telescopic device 14 can share part of the weight of the door body, thereby reducing the burden on the external hinge 3 and improving the overall carrying capacity. Preferably, the telescopic device 14 is a hydraulic rod, which can use the force transmitted by the hydraulic oil to achieve a large output to match the heavy access door. In addition, the hydraulic rod provides smooth power output to avoid door damage or personal injury caused by excessive force, thereby improving safety of use.

[0030] It should be noted that a limiting ring for limiting the outward movement of the entry door body 2 is provided on the outer periphery of the entry door seat 1 , and a sealing device is provided between the inner side of the limiting ring and the outer side of the entry door body 2 .

[0031] As another specific embodiment, the entry door seat 1 is a conical seat, and the small diameter section of the entry door seat 1 faces outward. The top of the conical seat occupies a small space outside the steel pipe, and the external hinge 3 structure is easy to arrange. At the same time, the combination with the curved rod can avoid interference between the hinge and the entry door seat 1.

[0032] As another specific embodiment, the outer side of the entry door seat 1 is also provided with a suspension 15 extending outward, and the telescopic device 14 is arranged between the suspension 15 and the hinge structure. The suspension 15 provides outward support, which is convenient for the hydraulic drive device to telescope inward. When the hydraulic drive device telescopes, the curved rod acts as a rocker to rotate around the outer hinge of the entry door seat 1, thereby driving the entry door to rotate around the hinge. Furthermore, when the hydraulic drive device is extended, the entry door body 2 rotates inward, and vice versa. The supporting structure and the drive device can be arranged on the entry door seat 1 through the connecting rod structure to transmit force. In addition, the force arm is increased, and the load of the hydraulic drive device is reduced.

[0033] As another specific embodiment, the outer hinge 3 is arranged on the downstream side of the entrance door seat 1. The design of the outer hinge 3 on the downstream side allows the entrance door to open toward the downstream side, which helps the door body to fit the door frame more closely when closed, reduces deformation caused by water pressure, and improves the overall stability of the door. Even if the entrance door is subjected to lateral force due to the flow of water, it can be supported by the hanging support 15 curved rod. And when the door is opened toward the downstream side, the direction of opening the door is consistent with the direction of water flow, and the resistance of the water flow is small, so that the door is easier to open in an emergency or when maintenance is required.

[0034] As another specific embodiment, the outer hinge 3 includes a curved rod, the middle part of which is bent outward, the rotating end of which is connected to the outer side of the entry door body 2 through a hinge structure, and the free end of which is fixedly connected to the entry door body 2. Since the entry door body 2 needs to be assembled with the entry door seat 1, the outer space of the entry door body 2 is limited to a certain extent. At the same time, based on the characteristics that the entry door body 2 opens inward and the outer hinge 3 is arranged on the outside, it is necessary to use a curved rod to open the entry door body 2 without interfering with the entry door seat 1, and the curved part increases the effective rotation range of the door when opening and closing. Furthermore, the curved part in the middle part of the curved rod has a bend, and the outer side of the bend is connected to the telescopic device 14 to facilitate the rotation of the curved rod. The free end of the curved rod is fixedly connected to the entry door body 2 to ensure that the entry door body 2 remains stable during the opening and closing process without unnecessary swinging or displacement. If the hinge is connected to the door body 2 in a rotating manner, the door body 2 may swing unnecessarily when opened and closed, causing inconvenience in use and even damage to the door body 2. A fixed connection helps to maintain a constant pressure required by the seal to ensure the sealing performance between the door body and the door seat. Specifically, a circumferential limit device is provided between the rotating end of the curved rod and the door body 2.

[0035] As another specific embodiment, the curved rod adopts a parallel truss multi-curved plate structure, and the upper and lower planes of the curved rod are parallel. The parallel truss structure can provide good stability and strength and withstand a large load. Since the upper and lower planes are parallel, the curved rod is not easy to be twisted or deformed when subjected to gravity, which helps to maintain the integrity of the structure, thereby better resisting the gravity entering the door seat 1. The multi-curved plate structure can be designed with different curvatures as needed to adapt to different door leaf sizes and opening angles.

[0036] As another specific embodiment, both ends of the bent rod are provided with a double-ear plate structure 4, and a sliding bearing is embedded inside the double-ear plate structure 4 provided at the free end of the bent rod. The double-ear plate structure 4 can provide a stable fulcrum, so that the bent rod can move in a specific direction or maintain a fixed position. The sliding bearing is embedded inside the double-ear plate structure 4 to prevent the bent rod and the door body 2 from moving up and down and the sliding bearing from moving axially.

[0037] As another specific embodiment, the door seat 1 is provided with an ear seat 5, and the end of the external hinge 3 is connected to the ear seat 5 by a bolt 6, the head of the bolt 6 faces upward, and a nut 7 is screwed on the lower part of the bolt 6, and an anti-loosening sleeve 8 is sleeved on the outer side of the nut 7. The ear seat 5 is used to cooperate with the end of the external hinge 3, that is, the double ear plate structure 4. The bolt 6 passes through the ear seat 5 and the external hinge 3, with the head facing upward, and is used to tightly connect the door seat and the hinge. The nut 7 is screwed on the lower part of the bolt 6 to fix the bolt 6 and ensure the tightness of the connection. The anti-loosening sleeve 8 is sleeved on the outer side of the nut 7 to prevent the nut 7 from loosening due to vibration and other reasons.

[0038] As another specific embodiment, the inner part of the anti-loosening sleeve 8 corresponds to the outer shape of the nut 7, and the anti-loosening sleeve 8 is connected to the ear seat 5 by spot welding. Since the anti-loosening sleeve 8 corresponds to the shape of the nut 7, when the nut 7 is tightened, the anti-loosening sleeve 8 can provide additional resistance to prevent the nut 7 from loosening due to vibration or torque. The anti-loosening sleeve 8 is connected to the ear seat 5 by spot welding, which provides additional stability and makes the entire connection more secure. When it is to be disassembled, it is only necessary to remove the spot welding points.

[0039] As another specific embodiment, the bolt 6 includes multiple shaft diameters with successively narrower sizes. During the disassembly process, it can be disassembled toward the side with a larger shaft neck, which is more convenient. In addition, due to the change in diameter, a self-locking effect can be generated, so that the bolt 6 is not easy to loosen when subjected to vibration or torque; and the space occupied by the nut 7 can also be reduced.

[0040] Alternatively, as another specific embodiment, the ear seat 5 includes two ears arranged in an upper and lower position; the end of the hinge body is further fixedly connected with a sleeve 9, which is sleeved on the hinge and arranged between the two ear seats 5. The arrangement of the sleeve 9 increases the lateral support, further enhances the stability of the hinge, and can ensure the stability of the hinge in the vertical direction, can accurately align the hinge body, and reduce the gap and unnecessary wear.

[0041] As another specific embodiment, a first sleeve 10 is provided between the sleeve 9 and the bolt 6; and a second sleeve 11 is provided between the bolt 6 and the ear seat 5. It can prevent rust and withstand sliding, reduce friction, and thus reduce energy loss. In addition, since the bolt 6 has multiple sections, the sleeves also have multiple sleeves with different diameters matching the bolt 6.

[0042] As another specific embodiment, a first thrust bearing 12 is provided between the first sleeve 10 and the second sleeve 11, and a second thrust bearing 13 is provided between the nut 7 and the second sleeve 9. This facilitates assembly and disassembly and prevents the sleeve from getting stuck.

[0043] The invention is not limited to the above-mentioned specific embodiments. The invention extends to any new features or any new combination disclosed in this specification, and any new method or process steps or any new combination disclosed.

Claims

1. An inward opening safety door, characterized in that: The invention comprises an entry door seat (1) and an entry door body (2); an external hinge (3) is connected between the entry door body (2) and the entry door seat (1); a telescopic device (14) is provided between the external hinge (3) and the entry door seat (1); the telescopic device (14) drives the external hinge (3) to move, and the entry door body (2) is opened and closed on the inner side of the entry door seat (1) through the external hinge (3).

2. The inward opening safety door according to claim 1, characterized in that: The entry door seat (1) is a conical seat, and the small diameter section of the entry door seat (1) faces outwards.

3. The inward opening safety door according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer side of the entry door seat (1) is also provided with a hanging support (15) extending outwards, and the telescopic device (14) is arranged between the hanging support (15) and the hinge structure.

4. The inward opening safety door according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer hinge (3) is arranged on the downstream side of the entrance door seat (1).

5. The inward opening safety door according to claim 1, characterized in that: The external hinge (3) comprises a bent rod, the middle part of which is bent outward, the rotating end of which is connected to the outer side of the entry door body (2) via a hinge structure, and the free end of which is fixedly connected to the entry door body (2).

6. The inward opening safety door according to claim 5, characterized in that: The curved rod adopts a parallel truss multi-curved plate structure, and the upper and lower planes of the curved rod are parallel.

7. The inward opening safety door according to claim 5, characterized in that: Both ends of the curved rod are provided with double-ear plate structures (4), and a sliding bearing is embedded inside the double-ear plate structure (4) arranged at the free end of the curved rod.

8. The inward opening safety door according to claim 5, characterized in that: The entrance door seat (1) is provided with an ear seat (5), the end of the external hinge (3) is connected to the ear seat (5) via a bolt (6), the head of the bolt (6) faces upward, a nut (7) is screwed on the lower part of the bolt (6), and an anti-loosening sleeve (8) is sleeved on the outer side of the nut (7).

9. The inward opening safety door according to claim 8, characterized in that: The interior of the anti-loosening sleeve (8) corresponds to the shape of the outer side of the nut (7), and the anti-loosening sleeve (8) is connected to the ear seat (5) by spot welding.

10. The inward opening safety door according to claim 8, characterized in that: The bolt (6) comprises a plurality of shaft diameter sections with successively narrower sizes.

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