Near-bit formation resistivity imaging system and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a near-bit formation resistivity imaging system and method. The near-bit resistivity imaging and wireless signal transmitting short section performs multi-sector resistivity measurement under at least one depth of a near bit and encoding and transmitting of wireless short transmission electromagnetic wave signals through a resistivity button electrode array; the wireless signal receiving short section receives the cross-screw wireless short transmission electromagnetic wave signal and decodes and transmits the cross-screw wireless short transmission electromagnetic wave signal to the slurry pulse transmission short section; the mud pulse transmission short section is used for coding resistivity measurement data and transmitting the resistivity measurement data to a ground system in a mud pulse manner; and the ground system receives, decodes, displays and images the mud pulse signals. According to the technical scheme, near-bit resistivity imaging of different depths is achieved in the drilling process, real-time measurement, uploading and display of resistivity imaging data are achieved in the mode of cross-screw wireless electromagnetic wave short transmission and mud pulse combined transmission, refined geosteering under the complex geological condition is assisted, and the drilling efficiency is improved. And a technical support is provided for improving the drilling rate of oil and gas reservoirs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of oil and gas exploration, and in particular to a near-drill-bit formation resistivity imaging system and method. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of the economy, the demand for oil and gas is increasing. The exploration and development of unconventional oil and gas resources has become an important area for increasing reserves and production. At present, the development of unconventional reservoirs such as tight oil and gas, shale oil and gas is increasing year by year, and the number of complex reservoirs such as heterogeneous, thin layers, faults, and fractures encountered is increasing.

[0003] Existing geological guidance tools are difficult to meet new production demands, and there is an urgent need to upgrade near-bit while-drilling resistivity imaging and data transmission technology to meet the needs of timely responding to the geological conditions of the drilled formations, guiding the accurate adjustment of the wellbore trajectory, and increasing the reservoir drilling rate. This will provide technical support for precise geological guidance in complex oil and gas reservoirs and help speed up, improve efficiency, and improve the quality of oil and gas drilling. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention provides a near-drill-bit formation resistivity imaging system and method, so as to realize real-time measurement, uploading and display of resistivity imaging data during the drilling process, assist in refined geological guidance under complex geological conditions, and provide technical support for improving the drilling rate of oil and gas reservoirs.

[0005] According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a near-bit formation resistivity imaging system, comprising: a near-bit resistivity imaging and wireless signal transmitting subsection, a wireless signal receiving subsection, a mud pulse transmission subsection and a ground system, wherein the near-bit resistivity imaging and wireless signal transmitting subsection comprises a resistivity button electrode array comprising at least two button electrodes;

[0006] The near-drill-bit resistivity imaging and wireless signal transmission short section is used to perform multi-sector resistivity measurement at at least one depth near the drill bit and to encode and transmit wireless short-transmission electromagnetic wave signals through the resistivity button electrode array;

[0007] The wireless signal receiving subsection is used to receive and decode the cross-screw wireless short-transmission electromagnetic wave signal, and transmit the electromagnetic wave signal to the mud pulse transmission subsection;

[0008] The mud pulse transmission sub is used to encode resistivity measurement data and transmit it to the surface system in the form of mud pulses;

[0009] The ground system is used for receiving, decoding and displaying mud pulse signals.

[0010] Optionally, the near-bit resistivity imaging and wireless signal transmission sub includes: a main control and data solution circuit, a posture measurement circuit, a current transmission circuit, a current acquisition circuit, a wireless signal encoding and transmission circuit and a first battery module;

[0011] The main control and data solving circuit is used to read the well inclination, azimuth and tool face angle information in real time through the attitude measurement circuit, and trigger the current transmitting circuit to excite the multiplexed transmitting coil to generate a current signal of fixed frequency based on the well inclination, azimuth and tool face angle information;

[0012] The current acquisition circuit is used to acquire the current signal of at least one depth received by the resistivity button electrode array;

[0013] The wireless signal encoding and transmitting circuit is used to encode the resistivity measurement data and stimulate the multiplexed transmitting coil to transmit in the form of electromagnetic waves;

[0014] The first battery module is used to power the near-bit resistivity imaging and wireless signal transmission short section.

[0015] Optionally, the wireless signal receiving short section includes: a receiving coil, a wireless signal receiving and decoding circuit and a second battery module;

[0016] The receiving coil is used for receiving the electromagnetic wave signal;

[0017] The wireless signal receiving and decoding circuit is used to receive and decode the cross-screw wireless short-transmission electromagnetic wave signal, and transmit the decoded electromagnetic wave signal to the mud pulse transmission short section by wire;

[0018] The second battery module is used to supply power to the wireless signal receiving short section.

[0019] Optionally, the mud pulse transmission sub includes: a mud pulser, a main control and signal encoding circuit and a third battery module;

[0020] The main control and signal encoding circuit is used for encoding resistivity measurement data and controlling the mud pulser to transmit mud pulse signals;

[0021] The third battery module is used to power the mud pulse transmission sub.

[0022] Optionally, the surface system includes a mud pulse decoding system and a host computer;

[0023] The mud pulse decoding system is used for receiving and decoding mud pulse signals;

[0024] The host computer is used for imaging and displaying the resistivity of the formation near the drill bit.

[0025] Optionally, the host computer is also used to adjust the imaging of the resistivity of the formation near the drill bit according to preset weight values ​​at different depths.

[0026] Optionally, the main control and data solution circuit is also used to perform timing for a preset time length after the wireless signal encoding and transmission circuit encodes the current signal and stimulates the multiplexed transmitting coil to emit in the form of electromagnetic waves; after the timing is completed, the well inclination, azimuth and tool face angle information are read in real time by the attitude measurement circuit, and the current transmission circuit is triggered based on the well inclination, azimuth and tool face angle information to stimulate the multiplexed transmitting coil to generate a current signal of a fixed frequency.

[0027] According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a near-drill-bit formation resistivity imaging method, comprising:

[0028] The near-drill-bit resistivity imaging and wireless signal transmission sub performs multi-sector resistivity measurement at at least one depth near the drill bit and encoding and transmission of wireless short-transmission electromagnetic wave signals through the resistivity button electrode array;

[0029] The wireless signal receiving subsection receives and decodes the cross-screw wireless short-transmission electromagnetic wave signal, and transmits the electromagnetic wave signal to the mud pulse transmission subsection;

[0030] The mud pulse transmission sub encodes the resistivity measurement data and transmits it to the surface system in the form of mud pulses;

[0031] The ground system performs mud pulse signal reception, decoding and display imaging.

[0032] According to another aspect of the present invention, an electronic device is provided, the electronic device comprising:

[0033] At least one processor; and a memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor; wherein the memory stores a computer program executable by the at least one processor, and the computer program is executed by the at least one processor so that the at least one processor can execute the near-drill-bit formation resistivity imaging method described in any embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] According to another aspect of the present invention, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, wherein the computer-readable storage medium stores computer instructions, and the computer instructions are used to enable a processor to implement the near-drill-bit formation resistivity imaging method described in any embodiment of the present invention when executed.

[0035] According to another aspect of the present invention, a computer program product is provided. The computer program product includes a computer program. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the near-bit formation resistivity imaging method described in any embodiment of the present invention is implemented.

[0036] The technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention realizes near-drill bit resistivity imaging at different depths during the drilling process, and realizes real-time measurement, uploading and display of resistivity imaging data through cross-screw wireless electromagnetic wave short transmission and mud pulse combined transmission, which helps to refine geological guidance under complex geological conditions and provide technical support for improving the drilling rate of oil and gas reservoirs.

[0037] It should be understood that the contents described in this section are not intended to identify the key or important features of the embodiments of the present invention, nor are they intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Other features of the present invention will become easily understood through the following description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0039] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a near-drill-bit formation resistivity imaging system provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of a near-drill-bit formation resistivity imaging system provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 3 This is an electrical architecture diagram of a near-drill-bit formation resistivity imaging system provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 4 This is a flow chart of a near-drill-bit formation resistivity imaging method provided by Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of an electronic device for implementing the near-drill-bit formation resistivity imaging method according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the scheme of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0045] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present invention and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchanged where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present invention described herein can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, for example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units that are clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0046] Embodiment 1

[0047] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a near-drill-bit formation resistivity imaging system provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Figure 1 As shown, the system includes: a near-bit resistivity imaging and wireless signal transmitting subsection 110, a wireless signal receiving subsection 120, a mud pulse transmission subsection 130 and a surface system 140. The near-bit resistivity imaging and wireless signal transmitting subsection 110 includes a resistivity button electrode array 150 including at least two button electrodes.

[0048] The near-drill-bit resistivity imaging and wireless signal transmission subsection 110 is used to perform multi-sector resistivity measurement at at least one depth near the drill bit and to encode and transmit wireless short-transmission electromagnetic wave signals through a resistivity button electrode array 150;

[0049] The wireless signal receiving subsection 120 is used to receive and decode the cross-screw wireless short-transmission electromagnetic wave signal, and transmit the electromagnetic wave signal to the mud pulse transmission subsection 130;

[0050] A mud pulse transmission sub 130, used to encode resistivity measurement data and transmit it to a surface system 140 in the form of mud pulses;

[0051] The ground system 140 is used for receiving, decoding and displaying mud pulse signals.

[0052] Specifically, when the drilling instrument is powered on and drilling begins, the near-bit resistivity imaging and wireless signal transmission subsection generates a fixed-frequency current signal that flows into the borehole and formation, and then returns to the button electrode through the borehole annulus after flowing into the formation, and the resistivity information of formations at different depths is obtained based on Ohm's law. The near-bit resistivity imaging and wireless signal transmission subsection encodes and transmits the wireless short-transmission electromagnetic wave signal, and the wireless signal receiving subsection receives the electromagnetic wave signal, which is then transmitted to the mud pulse transmission subsection after decoding, and then transmitted to the ground system in the form of mud pulses. The ground system receives the mud pulse signal, generates a near-bit resistivity image, and displays it.

[0053] In an embodiment of the present invention, the near-bit resistivity imaging and wireless signal transmission subsection includes: a main control and data solution circuit, a posture measurement circuit, a current transmission circuit, a current acquisition circuit, a wireless signal encoding and transmission circuit, and a first battery module;

[0054] The main control and data solving circuit is used to read the well inclination, azimuth and tool face angle information in real time through the attitude measurement circuit, and trigger the current transmitting circuit to excite the multiplexed transmitting coil to generate a current signal of fixed frequency based on the well inclination, azimuth and tool face angle information;

[0055] A current acquisition circuit, used to acquire a current signal of at least one depth received by the resistivity button electrode array;

[0056] A wireless signal encoding and transmitting circuit is used to encode resistivity measurement data and stimulate the multiplexing transmitting coil to transmit it in the form of electromagnetic waves;

[0057] The first battery module is used for powering the near-drill-bit resistivity imaging and wireless signal transmission short section.

[0058] Preferably, the resistivity button electrode array is composed of three resistivity button electrodes, which are used to receive current signals at different detection depths. The multiplexed transmitting coil generates the current signal required for resistivity measurement; and generates the electromagnetic wave signal required for wireless short transmission. The multiplexed transmitting coil is stimulated by the current transmitting circuit to generate a current signal of a fixed frequency. The current is emitted by the multiplexed transmitting coil into the wellbore annulus, flows into the formation, and returns to the three resistivity button electrodes through the wellbore annulus. The current acquisition circuit obtains the current signal of each button electrode at different depths, and determines the resistivity information of each depth at the current face angle according to the current signal of each depth. The attitude measurement circuit reads the well inclination, azimuth and tool face angle information in real time. Every time the tool face angle changes α°, the above resistivity information acquisition steps are repeated to obtain the resistivity information of the next face angle corresponding sector, until the drill bit face angle changes 360°, that is, the drill bit rotates one circle. After a set of formation resistivity data measurement is completed, the wireless signal encoding and transmitting circuit encodes the resistivity measurement data and excites the multiplexed transmitting coil to transmit it to the wireless signal receiving short section behind the screw in the form of electromagnetic waves. The change of α° determines the number of sectors. The smaller the α value, the more sectors there are and the higher the imaging accuracy.

[0059] In an embodiment of the present invention, a wireless signal receiving short section includes: a receiving coil, a wireless signal receiving and decoding circuit and a second battery module;

[0060] A receiving coil, used for receiving electromagnetic wave signals;

[0061] A wireless signal receiving and decoding circuit is used to receive and decode the cross-screw wireless short-transmission electromagnetic wave signal, and transmit the decoded electromagnetic wave signal to the mud pulse transmission short section by wire;

[0062] The second battery module is used to supply power to the wireless signal receiving short section.

[0063] In an embodiment of the present invention, a mud pulse transmission sub includes: a mud pulser, a main control and signal encoding circuit, and a third battery module;

[0064] The main control and signal encoding circuit is used for encoding resistivity measurement data and controlling the mud pulser to transmit mud pulse signals;

[0065] The third battery module is used to power the mud pulse transmission sub.

[0066] The mud pulse transmission sub encodes the resistivity measurement data through the main control and signal encoding circuit, and transmits it to the ground system in the form of mud pulses. Mud pulse is a signal transmission technology used in oil and gas drilling projects. During the drilling process, due to the complex downhole environment and the difficulty of communication with the ground, mud pulse technology uses the flow of drilling fluid (mud) to transmit signals. By generating specific pressure pulse changes in the well, these pulses can be detected and interpreted by the ground system, thereby realizing data transmission between the well and the ground.

[0067] Mud pulse can transmit parameter information such as well depth, bottom hole pressure, temperature, and command signals for controlling downhole tools, etc. It has the advantages of high reliability and adaptability to harsh downhole environments.

[0068] In an embodiment of the present invention, the surface system includes: a mud pulse decoding system and a host computer;

[0069] The mud pulse decoding system is used for receiving and decoding mud pulse signals;

[0070] The host computer is used for imaging and displaying the resistivity of the formation near the drill bit.

[0071] In the embodiment of the present invention, the host computer is also used to adjust the imaging of the resistivity of the formation near the drill bit according to the preset weight values ​​at different depths.

[0072] Taking three button electrodes as an example, the current signals collected by different button electrodes correspond to different depths, and the current signals at different depths flow through different distances between the wellbore and the formation. For example, the distance that the current signal received by the button electrode closer to the multiplexed transmitting coil flows through in the wellbore is shorter than the distance that the current signal received by the button electrode farther away from the multiplexed transmitting coil flows through in the wellbore. The longer the distance that the current flows through, the more serious the signal attenuation, and the smaller the received current signal. Similarly, the button electrode farther away from the multiplexed transmitting coil receives a smaller current signal. Setting multiple button electrodes can make the current signals collected by each button electrode serve as references for mutual correction, and the comparison result of the current signal can be adjusted by setting weights to obtain a more accurate current signal.

[0073] In an embodiment of the present invention, the main control and data solution circuit is also used to perform timing for a preset time length after the wireless signal encoding and transmitting circuit encodes the current signal and stimulates the multiplexed transmitting coil to emit in the form of electromagnetic waves; after the timing is completed, the well inclination, azimuth and tool face angle information are read in real time through the attitude measurement circuit, and the current transmitting circuit is triggered based on the well inclination, azimuth and tool face angle information to stimulate the multiplexed transmitting coil to generate a current signal of a fixed frequency.

[0074] Since signal transmission takes time, the resistivity measurement is suspended during the signal transmission period. At this time, the drill bit continues to drill. After the signal transmission is completed, the measurement is performed again to obtain the resistivity measurement data at different depths, thereby realizing the resistivity imaging of the entire well section near the drill bit. The preset time length can be determined according to the performance of each short section. The α° mentioned above will also affect the preset time. The smaller the α value, the more sectors there are, the higher the imaging accuracy, the more data is transmitted, and the longer the data transmission time will be.

[0075] The working principle of the near-drill-bit formation resistivity imaging system is further explained below through specific embodiments.

[0076] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of a near-drill-bit formation resistivity imaging system provided in Example 1 of the present invention. Figure 2 Middle: 1-near-bit resistivity imaging and wireless transmitting sub; 2-screw drilling tool; 3-wireless receiving sub; 4-mud pulse transmission sub; 5-resistivity button electrode array; 6-multiplexed transmitting coil; 7-receiving coil.

[0077] The workflow of the system includes:

[0078] S1. Power on the instrument and start drilling.

[0079] S2, current pulse signal excitation.

[0080] S3. Three-channel current signal acquisition and solution.

[0081] S4, when the tool face angle changes every α°, steps S2 to S3 are repeated to obtain formation resistivity information of (360 / α) sectors;

[0082] S5. Encoding and transmission of short-wave radio signals.

[0083] S6. Receiving and decoding short-wave radio signals.

[0084] S7. Mud pulse signal encoding and transmission.

[0085] S8. Ground reception, decoding and imaging of mud pulse signals.

[0086] S9, repeating steps S2 to S8, with continuous drilling, resistivity measurement data at different depths can be obtained, thereby achieving resistivity imaging near the drill bit of the entire well section.

[0087] The current pulse signal excitation includes: generating a current pulse signal to excite a multiplexed transmitting coil to generate a current signal of a fixed frequency to flow into the wellbore and the formation.

[0088] The three-channel current signal acquisition and solution include: the current is transmitted by the multiplexed transmitting coil into the borehole annulus, flows into the formation and then returns to the three-way resistivity button electrode through the borehole annulus. Based on Ohm's theorem: R=U / I, the formation resistivity information at three depths below the current tool face is obtained by solution.

[0089] The wireless electromagnetic wave short transmission signal encoding and transmission includes: after a set of formation resistivity data is measured, the data is encoded and transmitted to the wireless receiving short section behind the screw by the multiplexing transmitting coil in the form of wireless electromagnetic waves.

[0090] The wireless electromagnetic wave short transmission signal receiving and decoding includes: the wireless receiving short section receives the wireless electromagnetic wave signal and decodes it, and then sends the data to the mud pulse transmission short section.

[0091] Mud pulse signal encoding and transmission, including: the mud pulse transmission short section encodes the resistivity measurement data and transmits it to the ground system in the form of mud pulses.

[0092] The mud pulse signal is received, decoded and imaged on the ground, including: the ground system receives the mud pulse signal and decodes it, thereby obtaining the resistivity button electrode tool face angle information and the corresponding near-bit resistivity measurement data of three detection depths, thereby obtaining the near-bit resistivity images of three detection depths at a certain depth.

[0093] Figure 3 1 is an electrical architecture diagram of a near-bit formation resistivity imaging system provided by Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Figure 3 As shown: The electrical system of the near-bit resistivity imaging and wireless signal transmission short section consists of a main control and data solution circuit, an attitude measurement circuit, a current transmission circuit, a current acquisition circuit, a wireless signal encoding and transmission circuit, and a battery module.

[0094] The main control and data solving circuit is used for the overall logic control of the system and the solving of the formation resistivity value.

[0095] The attitude measurement circuit is used to read the well inclination, azimuth and tool face angle information in real time.

[0096] The current transmitting circuit is used to excite the multiplexed transmitting coil to generate a current signal with a fixed frequency.

[0097] The current acquisition circuit is used to collect three-channel current signals received by three-way resistivity button electrodes.

[0098] The wireless signal encoding and transmitting circuit is used to encode the measurement data and stimulate the transmitting coil to send it out in the form of electromagnetic waves. The battery module is used to power the measurement and control circuit.

[0099] The wireless signal receiving short section electrical system consists of a wireless signal receiving and decoding circuit and a battery. Among them: the wireless signal receiving and decoding circuit is used to receive and decode the wireless short-transmission electromagnetic wave signal across the screw. The battery module is used to power the measurement and control circuit.

[0100] The electrical system of the mud pulse transmission sub consists of a main control and signal encoding circuit and a battery module. The main control and signal encoding circuit is used to encode the resistivity measurement data and control the mud pulser to emit mud pulses. The battery module is used to power the measurement and control circuit.

[0101] The solution of the embodiment of the present invention has the following advantages and improvements:

[0102] 1. Different from the conventional system where the measuring point is located above the screw bend, the measuring point of this system is located below the screw bend. The measuring point is closer to the drill bit and the zero length is shorter. It can measure the formation conditions closer to the real situation with shorter formation exposure time. The distance between the resistivity parameter measurement and the drill bit is less than 1m, realizing the real near-drill bit measurement.

[0103] 2. The combination of single transmitting coil excitation + three resistivity button electrode acquisition + multi-sector tool face measurement can realize formation resistivity measurement and imaging at three different depths near the drill bit.

[0104] 3. The near-drill-bit current resistivity measurement method based on Ohm's law is adopted. Compared with the electromagnetic wave resistivity measurement method, the measurable resistivity range is larger and applicable to a wider range of formations.

[0105] 4. It adopts wireless short transmission technology based on the principle of electromagnetic wave communication, which is compatible with oil-based and water-based drilling fluids, and can realize near-bit resistivity imaging and cross-screw data interaction between the wireless signal transmitting pup section and the wireless signal receiving pup section.

[0106] 5. The multiplexed transmitting coil structure design is adopted. The transmitting coil is used for both resistivity measurement and transmitting wireless short transmission signals, which shortens the length of the near-bit resistivity imaging and wireless signal transmission short section.

[0107] Embodiment 2

[0108] Figure 4 : is a flow chart of a near-drill-bit formation resistivity imaging method provided in Embodiment 2 of the present invention. Figure 4 As shown, the method includes:

[0109] S410, the near-drill-bit resistivity imaging and wireless signal transmission sub performs multi-sector resistivity measurement at at least one depth near the drill bit and encoding and transmission of wireless short-transmission electromagnetic wave signals through the resistivity button electrode array;

[0110] S420, the wireless signal receiving subsection receives and decodes the cross-screw wireless short-transmission electromagnetic wave signal, and transmits the electromagnetic wave signal to the mud pulse transmission subsection;

[0111] S430, the mud pulse transmission sub encodes the resistivity measurement data and transmits it to the surface system in the form of mud pulses;

[0112] S440, the ground system performs mud pulse signal reception, decoding and display imaging.

[0113] Optionally, the near-bit resistivity imaging and wireless signal transmission sub includes: a main control and data solution circuit, a posture measurement circuit, a current transmission circuit, a current acquisition circuit, a wireless signal encoding and transmission circuit and a first battery module. Accordingly, the method includes:

[0114] The main control and data solution circuit reads the well inclination, azimuth and tool face angle information in real time through the attitude measurement circuit, and triggers the current transmitting circuit to excite the multiplexed transmitting coil to generate a current signal with a fixed frequency based on the well inclination, azimuth and tool face angle information;

[0115] The current acquisition circuit acquires the current signal of at least one depth received by the resistivity button electrode array;

[0116] The wireless signal encoding and transmitting circuit encodes the resistivity measurement data and stimulates the multiplexing transmitting coil to transmit it in the form of electromagnetic waves;

[0117] The first battery module supplies power to the near-bit resistivity imaging and wireless signal transmission subsection.

[0118] Optionally, the wireless signal receiving short section includes: a receiving coil, a wireless signal receiving and decoding circuit and a second battery module; accordingly, the method includes:

[0119] The receiving coil receives the electromagnetic wave signal;

[0120] The wireless signal receiving and decoding circuit receives and decodes the cross-screw wireless short-transmission electromagnetic wave signal, and transmits the decoded electromagnetic wave signal to the mud pulse transmission short section by wire;

[0121] The second battery module supplies power to the wireless signal receiving short section.

[0122] Optionally, the mud pulse transmission sub includes: a mud pulser, a main control and signal encoding circuit and a third battery module; accordingly, the method includes:

[0123] The main control and signal encoding circuit encodes the resistivity measurement data and controls the mud pulser to transmit the mud pulse signal;

[0124] The third battery module provides power to the mud pulse transmission sub.

[0125] Optionally, the surface system includes a mud pulse decoding system and a host computer; accordingly, the method includes:

[0126] The mud pulse decoding system performs the reception and decoding of mud pulse signals;

[0127] The host computer performs imaging and display of the near-bit formation resistivity.

[0128] Optionally, the method further includes: the host computer adjusts the imaging of the resistivity of the formation near the drill bit according to preset weight values ​​at different depths.

[0129] Optionally, the method also includes: the main control and data solution circuit performs timing for a preset time length after the wireless signal encoding and transmitting circuit encodes the current signal and stimulates the multiplexed transmitting coil to emit it in the form of electromagnetic waves; after the timing is completed, the well inclination, azimuth and tool face angle information are read in real time through the attitude measurement circuit, and the current transmitting circuit is triggered based on the well inclination, azimuth and tool face angle information to stimulate the multiplexed transmitting coil to generate a current signal of a fixed frequency.

[0130] As the information interaction, execution process and other contents between the devices in the above method are based on the same concept as the system embodiment of the present invention, the specific contents can be found in the description of the system embodiment of the present invention and will not be repeated here.

[0131] Embodiment 3

[0132] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device 10 that can be used to implement an embodiment of the present invention is shown. The electronic device is intended to represent various forms of digital computers, such as laptop computers, desktop computers, workstations, personal digital assistants, servers, blade servers, mainframe computers, and other suitable computers. The electronic device can also represent various forms of mobile devices, such as personal digital processing, cellular phones, smart phones, wearable devices (such as helmets, glasses, watches, etc.) and other similar computing devices. The components shown herein, their connections and relationships, and their functions are merely examples and are not intended to limit the implementation of the present invention described and / or required herein.

[0133] like Figure 5As shown, the electronic device 10 includes at least one processor 11, and a memory connected to the at least one processor 11, such as a read-only memory (ROM) 12, a random access memory (RAM) 13, etc., wherein the memory stores a computer program that can be executed by at least one processor, and the processor 11 can perform various appropriate actions and processes according to the computer program stored in the read-only memory (ROM) 12 or the computer program loaded from the storage unit 18 to the random access memory (RAM) 13. In the RAM 13, various programs and data required for the operation of the electronic device 10 can also be stored. The processor 11, the ROM 12, and the RAM 13 are connected to each other through a bus 14. An input / output (I / O) interface 15 is also connected to the bus 14.

[0134] A number of components in the electronic device 10 are connected to the I / O interface 15, including: an input unit 16, such as a keyboard, a mouse, etc.; an output unit 17, such as various types of displays, speakers, etc.; a storage unit 18, such as a disk, an optical disk, etc.; and a communication unit 19, such as a network card, a modem, a wireless communication transceiver, etc. The communication unit 19 allows the electronic device 10 to exchange information / data with other devices through a computer network such as the Internet and / or various telecommunication networks.

[0135] The processor 11 may be a variety of general and / or special processing components with processing and computing capabilities. Some examples of the processor 11 include, but are not limited to, a central processing unit (CPU), a graphics processing unit (GPU), various dedicated artificial intelligence (AI) computing chips, various processors running machine learning model algorithms, a digital signal processor (DSP), and any appropriate processor, controller, microcontroller, etc. The processor 11 executes the various methods and processes described above, such as a near-bit formation resistivity imaging method.

[0136] In some embodiments, the near-bit formation resistivity imaging method may be implemented as a computer program, which is tangibly contained in a computer-readable storage medium, such as a storage unit 18. In some embodiments, part or all of the computer program may be loaded and / or installed on the electronic device 10 via the ROM 12 and / or the communication unit 19. When the computer program is loaded into the RAM 13 and executed by the processor 11, one or more steps of the near-bit formation resistivity imaging method described above may be performed. Alternatively, in other embodiments, the processor 11 may be configured to execute the near-bit formation resistivity imaging method in any other appropriate manner (e.g., by means of firmware).

[0137] Various implementations of the systems and techniques described above herein can be implemented in digital electronic circuit systems, integrated circuit systems, field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), application specific standard products (ASSPs), systems on chips (SOCs), load programmable logic devices (CPLDs), computer hardware, firmware, software, and / or combinations thereof. These various implementations can include: being implemented in one or more computer programs that can be executed and / or interpreted on a programmable system including at least one programmable processor, which can be a special purpose or general purpose programmable processor that can receive data and instructions from a storage system, at least one input device, and at least one output device, and transmit data and instructions to the storage system, the at least one input device, and the at least one output device.

[0138] Computer programs for implementing the methods of the present invention may be written in any combination of one or more programming languages. These computer programs may be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, or other programmable data processing device, so that when the computer program is executed by the processor, the functions / operations specified in the flow chart and / or block diagram are implemented. The computer program may be executed entirely on the machine, partially on the machine, partially on the machine and partially on a remote machine as a stand-alone software package, or entirely on a remote machine or server.

[0139] In the context of the present invention, a computer-readable storage medium may be a tangible medium that may contain or store a computer program for use by or in combination with an instruction execution system, device or equipment. A computer-readable storage medium may include, but is not limited to, electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor systems, devices or equipment, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. Alternatively, a computer-readable storage medium may be a machine-readable signal medium. A more specific example of a machine-readable storage medium may include an electrical connection based on one or more lines, a portable computer disk, a hard disk, a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical fiber, a portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing.

[0140] To provide interaction with a user, the systems and techniques described herein may be implemented on an electronic device having: a display device (e.g., a CRT (cathode ray tube) or LCD (liquid crystal display) monitor) for displaying information to the user; and a keyboard and a pointing device (e.g., a mouse or trackball) through which the user can provide input to the electronic device. Other types of devices may also be used to provide interaction with the user; for example, the feedback provided to the user may be any form of sensory feedback (e.g., visual feedback, auditory feedback, or tactile feedback); and input from the user may be received in any form (including acoustic input, voice input, or tactile input).

[0141] The systems and techniques described herein may be implemented in a computing system that includes backend components (e.g., as a data server), or a computing system that includes middleware components (e.g., an application server), or a computing system that includes frontend components (e.g., a user computer with a graphical user interface or a web browser through which a user can interact with implementations of the systems and techniques described herein), or a computing system that includes any combination of such backend components, middleware components, or frontend components. The components of the system may be interconnected by any form or medium of digital data communication (e.g., a communication network). Examples of communication networks include: a local area network (LAN), a wide area network (WAN), a blockchain network, and the Internet.

[0142] A computing system may include a client and a server. The client and the server are generally remote from each other and usually interact through a communication network. The client and server relationship is generated by computer programs running on the corresponding computers and having a client-server relationship with each other. The server may be a cloud server, also known as a cloud computing server or cloud host, which is a host product in the cloud computing service system to solve the defects of difficult management and weak business scalability in traditional physical hosts and VPS services.

[0143] It should be understood that the various forms of processes shown above can be used to reorder, add or delete steps. For example, the steps described in the present invention can be executed in parallel, sequentially or in different orders, as long as the desired results of the technical solution of the present invention can be achieved, and this document does not limit this.

[0144] The above specific implementations do not constitute a limitation on the protection scope of the present invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations and substitutions can be made according to design requirements and other factors. Any modification, equivalent substitution and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A near-bit formation resistivity imaging system, characterized in that: include: A near-bit resistivity imaging and wireless signal transmitting subsection, a wireless signal receiving subsection, a mud pulse transmission subsection and a ground system, wherein the near-bit resistivity imaging and wireless signal transmitting subsection comprises a resistivity button electrode array including at least two button electrodes; The near-drill-bit resistivity imaging and wireless signal transmission short section is used to perform multi-sector resistivity measurement at at least one depth near the drill bit and to encode and transmit wireless short-transmission electromagnetic wave signals through the resistivity button electrode array; The wireless signal receiving subsection is used to receive and decode the cross-screw wireless short-transmission electromagnetic wave signal, and transmit the electromagnetic wave signal to the mud pulse transmission subsection; The mud pulse transmission sub is used to encode resistivity measurement data and transmit it to the surface system in the form of mud pulses; The ground system is used for receiving, decoding and displaying mud pulse signals.

2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The near-bit resistivity imaging and wireless signal transmission subsection includes: a main control and data solution circuit, a posture measurement circuit, a current transmission circuit, a current collection circuit, a wireless signal encoding and transmission circuit, and a first battery module; The main control and data solving circuit is used to read the well inclination, azimuth and tool face angle information in real time through the attitude measurement circuit, and trigger the current transmitting circuit to excite the multiplexed transmitting coil to generate a current signal of fixed frequency based on the well inclination, azimuth and tool face angle information; The current acquisition circuit is used to acquire the current signal of at least one depth received by the resistivity button electrode array; The wireless signal encoding and transmitting circuit is used to encode the resistivity measurement data and stimulate the multiplexed transmitting coil to transmit in the form of electromagnetic waves; The first battery module is used to power the near-bit resistivity imaging and wireless signal transmission short section.

3. The system according to claim 2, characterized in that The wireless signal receiving short section includes: a receiving coil, a wireless signal receiving and decoding circuit and a second battery module; The receiving coil is used for receiving the electromagnetic wave signal; The wireless signal receiving and decoding circuit is used to receive and decode the cross-screw wireless short-transmission electromagnetic wave signal, and transmit the decoded electromagnetic wave signal to the mud pulse transmission short section by wire; The second battery module is used to supply power to the wireless signal receiving short section.

4. The system according to claim 2, characterized in that The mud pulse transmission subsection includes: a mud pulser, a main control and signal encoding circuit and a third battery module; The main control and signal encoding circuit is used for encoding resistivity measurement data and controlling the mud pulser to transmit mud pulse signals; The third battery module is used to power the mud pulse transmission sub.

5. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The surface system includes a mud pulse decoding system and a host computer; The mud pulse decoding system is used for receiving and decoding mud pulse signals; The host computer is used for imaging and displaying the resistivity of the formation near the drill bit.

6. The system according to claim 5, characterized in that The host computer is also used to adjust the imaging of the resistivity of the formation near the drill bit according to the preset weight values ​​at different depths.

7. The system according to claim 2, characterized in that The main control and data solution circuit is also used to perform timing for a preset time length after the wireless signal encoding and transmitting circuit encodes the current signal and stimulates the multiplexed transmitting coil to emit in the form of electromagnetic waves; after the timing ends, the well inclination, azimuth and tool face angle information are read in real time through the attitude measurement circuit, and the current transmitting circuit is triggered based on the well inclination, azimuth and tool face angle information to stimulate the multiplexed transmitting coil to generate a current signal of a fixed frequency.

8. A near-bit formation resistivity imaging method based on a near-bit formation resistivity imaging system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: include: The near-drill-bit resistivity imaging and wireless signal transmission sub performs multi-sector resistivity measurement at at least one depth near the drill bit and encoding and transmission of wireless short-transmission electromagnetic wave signals through the resistivity button electrode array; The wireless signal receiving subsection receives and decodes the cross-screw wireless short-transmission electromagnetic wave signal, and transmits the electromagnetic wave signal to the mud pulse transmission subsection; The mud pulse transmission sub encodes the resistivity measurement data and transmits it to the surface system in the form of mud pulses; The ground system performs mud pulse signal reception, decoding and display imaging.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that: The electronic device comprises: At least one processor; and a memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor; wherein the memory stores a computer program executable by the at least one processor, and the computer program is executed by the at least one processor so that the at least one processor can execute the near-drill-bit formation resistivity imaging method as described in claim 7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: The computer-readable storage medium stores computer instructions, and the computer instructions are used to enable a processor to implement the near-drill-bit formation resistivity imaging method of claim 7 when executed.

11. A computer program product, characterized in that The computer program product comprises a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the near-bit formation resistivity imaging method according to claim 7.

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