A road construction surveying device and method

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of road construction technology, specifically disclosing a road construction surveying device and method, comprising: a surveying frame; a sleeve mounted on the surveying frame, the bottom of the sleeve being in contact with the surveyed ground, and an end cap on the top of the sleeve; a drilling mechanism, including a power component mounted on the surveying frame, a main shaft driven by the power component to rotate and slide vertically along the end cap, and a drill rod located at one end of the main shaft inside the sleeve; and a sampling pipe mounted on the end cap and communicating with the inside of the sleeve. This invention solves the problem in traditional rock and soil surveying processes where dust generated during drilling directly disperses into the air, causing pollution to the surrounding environment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of road construction technology, and specifically discloses a road construction surveying device and method. Background Technology

[0002] In road construction, soil and rock sampling and surveying is a crucial step. Firstly, it allows for understanding the geological conditions, environmental characteristics, and soil and rock conditions of the construction site, providing a scientific basis for road construction and forming the geographical environmental foundation for all project planning. Secondly, it enables the timely detection and resolution of potential geological problems, preventing safety hazards during construction and ensuring project quality and safety. Furthermore, in-situ testing and laboratory experiments in geotechnical engineering surveys provide accurate soil and rock parameters, offering a reliable basis for engineering design. This helps reduce project risks and avoid accidents caused by unclear geological conditions. Finally, geotechnical engineering surveys can also assess environmental impact. Sampling and surveying allow for understanding the extent of the construction process's impact on the surrounding environment, enabling the implementation of appropriate measures to reduce environmental damage and protect the ecological environment.

[0003] Currently, in the process of sampling and surveying soil and rock, according to the selected survey area, exploration methods such as drilling, well drilling, trenching, and tunneling are first used to obtain soil and rock samples from the exploration holes, trenches, and wells for indoor testing and analysis. Taking drilling as an example, the current common drilling process is as follows: workers first drill holes in the survey area using drilling rigs and other equipment, then collect the soil and rock drilled out during the drilling process and the soil and rock remaining in the exploration holes. Finally, the collected samples are tested and analyzed indoors to obtain the survey results. However, this process has the following problems: First, the drilling working environment is poor, and the dust generated during the drilling process is directly dispersed into the air, causing pollution to the surrounding environment. Second, the construction method of drilling first and then collecting samples is not only inefficient, but also allows soil and rock at different depths to easily mix and may even be contaminated by the external environment, thus affecting the accuracy of the final experimental analysis and leading to large errors in the survey results. Therefore, in view of this, the inventor provides a road construction surveying device and method to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to solve the problem that in traditional geotechnical surveying, dust generated during drilling is directly dispersed into the air and pollutes the surrounding environment when sampling geotechnical materials.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the basic solution of the present invention provides a road construction surveying device, comprising:

[0006] Survey frame;

[0007] A sleeve is provided on the survey frame, with the bottom of the sleeve in contact with the survey ground and an end cap on the top of the sleeve;

[0008] The drilling mechanism includes a power unit mounted on the survey frame, a main shaft driven to rotate by the power unit and sliding vertically along the end cover, and a drill rod located at one end of the main shaft inside the sleeve.

[0009] The sampling pipe is located on the end cap and communicates with the inside of the sleeve.

[0010] The principle and effect of this basic scheme are as follows:

[0011] Compared with existing technologies, this invention, by setting up a sleeve, creates a sealed environment inside the sleeve when its bottom is in contact with the ground being surveyed. This allows for simultaneous drilling through the drill rod and sampling through the sampling pipe. Furthermore, the sleeve design ensures that the drilling location is inside the sleeve, effectively preventing dust generated during drilling from directly dispersing into the air, thus protecting the surrounding environment and preventing external pollution of the surveyed soil and rock. Moreover, this invention employs a simultaneous drilling and soil and rock collection method, enabling precise and effective collection and classification of soil and rock from different depths, thereby avoiding the problem of mixing soil and rock from different depths.

[0012] Furthermore, the drill rod sidewall is provided with a sealing plate that is slidably and sealingly connected to the inner wall of the sleeve, and a telescopic pipe is provided between the bottom of the sealing plate and the sampling pipe. By setting the sealing plate and the telescopic pipe, a relatively narrow and sealed space is formed between the sealing plate, the sleeve, and the surveyed ground, thereby facilitating the collection of rock and soil samples generated during drilling using a pipe.

[0013] Furthermore, the inner wall of the sleeve is uniformly provided with a plurality of guide strips, and the periphery of the sealing plate is uniformly provided with a plurality of guide grooves that are adapted to the guide strips. The cooperation between the guide strips and the guide grooves plays a role in limiting and guiding the sliding of the sealing plate.

[0014] Furthermore, the sleeve includes a fixed cylinder connected to the end cap and a sliding cylinder slidably connected to the fixed cylinder. A switching assembly is provided between the sealing plate and the drill rod, allowing the sealing plate to rotate synchronously or relative to the drill rod. This arrangement ensures that when the sealing plate rotates synchronously with the drill rod, the sliding cylinder rotates due to the cooperation between the guide strip and the guide groove, thereby improving the tightness of contact between the sliding cylinder and the surveyed ground, thus enhancing the sampling effect of the soil and rock and reducing dust diffusion.

[0015] Furthermore, the inner wall of the sliding cylinder is symmetrically provided with smoothly transitioning curved grooves, and the outer wall of the sliding cylinder is symmetrically provided with sliders that are slidably connected in the curved grooves. The curved grooves include horizontal sections located at both ends of the groove opening and having a height difference, and lifting sections located between the horizontal sections.

[0016] When the sealing plate rotates synchronously with the drill rod, the slider is slidably connected in the lifting section; when the sealing plate rotates relative to the drill rod, the slider is slidably connected in the horizontal section.

[0017] This configuration allows the sealing plate and drill rod to rotate synchronously, causing the sliding cylinder to rotate as well. The sliding cylinder then moves vertically up and down using the cooperation between the slider and the curved groove, ensuring that the bottom of the sliding cylinder fits tightly against the ground being surveyed. When the sealing plate and drill rod rotate relative to each other, the slider is located in the horizontal section and restricts the horizontal rotation and vertical movement of the sliding cylinder, thus making the fit between the sliding cylinder and the ground being surveyed more stable.

[0018] Furthermore, the switching component includes:

[0019] A connecting box is connected to the sealing plate, and the bottom of the connecting box is evenly provided with several slots, and the connecting box is provided with several electromagnets located above each slot;

[0020] The rotating sleeve is connected to the drill rod key, and the top of the rotating sleeve is vertically slidably connected to a pin that can be attracted by an electromagnet and extended into a slot.

[0021] When the electromagnet is energized, the pin extends into the slot, causing the connecting box and the sealing plate to rotate synchronously with the rotating sleeve.

[0022] By utilizing the interaction between the electromagnet and the pin, the pin can be inserted into the slot under the action of magnetic force or dropped out of the slot under the action of gravity by switching the electromagnet on and off. This facilitates the synchronous rotation of the sealing plate and the drill rod or the relative rotation of the sealing plate and the drill rod.

[0023] Furthermore, a connecting sleeve is provided between the sealing plate and the cover plate, and conductive rings are provided between the contact surfaces of the connecting sleeves for electrical connection. When the two conductive rings are in contact with each other, the electromagnet is energized. By setting the conductive rings, the energization and de-energization of the electromagnet can be adjusted according to the height of the moving sealing plate. The height of the moving sealing plate is affected by the rotation of the drill rod, which in turn affects the rotation and movement of the sliding cylinder, thereby making the energization and de-energization of the electromagnet compatible with the movement trajectory of the sliding cylinder.

[0024] Furthermore, the rotating sleeve is provided with a plurality of telescopic rods evenly arranged radially along its circumference, and each telescopic rod is provided with a brush plate that moves along the inner wall of the sleeve. With this arrangement, not only can the inner wall of the sleeve be brushed by the brush plate, but when the telescopic rod comes into contact with the guide bar, it will be squeezed by the guide bar, and the elastic potential energy of the telescopic rod will drive the brush plate to vibrate, thereby shaking off the soil and rock adhering to the brush plate.

[0025] Based on the same inventive concept, this invention provides a road construction survey method, comprising the following steps:

[0026] Step S1: Determine the survey area based on the scope of road construction;

[0027] Step S2: Use the above-mentioned surveying equipment to conduct rock and soil drilling and sampling in the survey area;

[0028] Step S3: Conduct laboratory tests on the obtained soil and rock samples to determine their physical, mechanical, and chemical properties.

[0029] Furthermore, in step S2, after the bottom of the sleeve is in contact with the ground being surveyed, a sealed environment is formed inside the sleeve. The power component drives the drill rod to rotate through the main shaft to drill a hole in the ground being surveyed, while sampling is carried out through the sampling pipe.

[0030] This method creates a sealed environment inside the sleeve after the bottom of the sleeve is in contact with the ground being surveyed. This allows for simultaneous drilling through the drill rod and sampling via the sampling pipe. Furthermore, the drilling location is inside the sleeve, effectively preventing dust generated during drilling from directly dispersing into the air, thus protecting the surrounding environment and preventing external contamination of the surveyed soil and rock. Moreover, this invention employs a simultaneous drilling and soil and rock collection method, enabling precise and effective collection and classification of soil and rock from different depths, thereby avoiding the problem of mixing soil and rock from different depths. Attached Figure Description

[0031] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0032] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a road construction surveying device according to an embodiment of this application is shown;

[0033] Figure 2 This paper shows a schematic diagram of the inside of the sleeve in a road construction surveying device according to an embodiment of this application;

[0034] Figure 3 This paper shows a schematic diagram of a curved groove in a road construction surveying device according to an embodiment of this application;

[0035] Figure 4 This paper shows a schematic diagram of the drill rod connection in a road construction surveying device according to an embodiment of this application;

[0036] Figure 5 This paper shows a schematic diagram of a connecting sleeve in a road construction surveying device according to an embodiment of this application;

[0037] Figure 6 This paper shows a schematic diagram of a switching component in a road construction surveying device according to an embodiment of this application;

[0038] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a telescopic pole in a road construction surveying device according to an embodiment of this application is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0039] To further illustrate the technical means and effects of the present invention in achieving its intended purpose, the following detailed description of the specific implementation methods, structures, features, and effects of the present invention, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments, is provided below.

[0040] The reference numerals in the accompanying drawings include: exploration frame 1, fixed cylinder 2, sliding cylinder 3, end cap 4, motor bracket 5, motor 6, first drive shaft 7, second drive shaft 8, threaded seat 9, drill rod 10, sampling pipe 11, telescopic pipe 12, sealing plate 13, guide strip 14, guide groove 15, curved groove 16, horizontal section 1601, lifting section 1602, rotating sleeve 17, fixed rod 18, sliding rod 19, brush plate 20, first connecting sleeve 21, second connecting sleeve 22, conductive ring 23, slot 24, electromagnet 25, pin 26, connecting box 27.

[0041] A road construction surveying device and method, for example... Figure 1 As shown: It includes an exploration frame 1, a sleeve mounted on the exploration frame 1, and a drilling mechanism and sampling pipe 11 mounted on the sleeve, as detailed below:

[0042] Exploration frame 1: Exploration frame 1 is made of multiple symmetrically arranged alloy steel welded together and supported by legs. The bottom of the legs is equipped with casters with brake pads.

[0043] Sleeve: The sleeve includes a fixed sleeve 2 that is fixed to the exploration frame 1, a sliding sleeve 3 that is slidably connected to the inner wall of the fixed sleeve 2, and an end cap 4 on the top of the fixed sleeve 2. In this embodiment, curved grooves 16 are symmetrically arranged on the inner walls of the front and rear sides of the fixed sleeve 2. The curved grooves 16 include horizontal sections 1601 located at the two ends of the groove opening and having a height difference, and lifting sections 1602 located between the horizontal sections 1601. The horizontal sections 1601 and the lifting sections 1602 are smoothly connected. Slider blocks that are symmetrically arranged on the outer walls of the front and rear sides of the sliding sleeve 3 and slidably connected to the curved grooves 16 are provided. The bottom of the sliding sleeve 3 is provided with a toothed surface to extend into the ground for fixation.

[0044] Drilling mechanism: The drilling mechanism includes a power unit mounted on a survey frame, a main shaft driven by the power unit to rotate and slide vertically along the end cover 4, and a drill rod 10 located at one end of the main shaft inside the sleeve. In this embodiment, the power unit is a motor 6, which is fixedly installed to the end cover 4 through a motor bracket 5. The main shaft includes a first drive shaft 7 and a second drive shaft 8. The top of the first drive shaft 7 is connected to the output shaft of the motor 6 through a coupling. The bottom of the first drive shaft 7 is splined to the second drive shaft 8. The outer wall of the second drive shaft 8 is threadedly connected to a threaded seat 9 on the end cover 4. The bottom of the second drive shaft 8 extends into the sleeve and is connected to the drill rod 10 through a coupling.

[0045] With this configuration, when the motor 6 rotates, it drives the first drive shaft 7, the second drive shaft 8, and the drill rod 10 to rotate synchronously. At the same time, the threaded engagement between the second drive shaft 8 and the threaded seat 9 causes the second drive shaft 8 to drive the drill rod 10 to move vertically.

[0046] A sealing plate 13 is vertically slidably connected to the inner wall of the sliding cylinder 3. Correspondingly, a number of guide strips 14 are evenly provided on the inner wall of the sleeve, and a number of guide grooves 15 that are adapted to the guide strips 14 are evenly provided on the periphery of the sealing plate 13, thereby limiting and guiding the sliding of the sealing plate 13.

[0047] The sampling pipe 11 is located on the end cap 4 and communicates with the inside of the sleeve. A telescopic pipe 12 is provided between the bottom of the sealing plate 13 and the sampling pipe 11. The end of the sampling pipe 11 is connected to a ventilator and a collection box, so as to suck out the rock and soil samples generated during the drilling process.

[0048] Since the state of the telescopic pipe 12 will be twisted when the sliding cylinder 3 rotates, it may cause damage to the threaded surface of the telescopic pipe 12 and the second drive shaft 8. In this embodiment, the telescopic pipe 12 is a flexible pipe, and a connecting sleeve that slides between the sealing plate 13 and the cover plate and covers the second drive shaft 8 is also provided. For ease of description, the first connecting sleeve 21 is connected to the cover plate, and the second connecting sleeve 22 is connected to the sealing plate 13, so that the telescopic pipe 12 contacts the first connecting sleeve 21 and the second connecting sleeve 22 when it twists.

[0049] In this embodiment, the angle between the two ends of the groove 16 and the center of the sliding cylinder 3 is less than 180°, so that the angle of rotation of the sliding cylinder 3 is less than 180°, thereby reducing the angle of rotation of the sliding cylinder 3, that is, reducing the degree of twisting of the telescopic pipe 12.

[0050] The rotation of the sliding cylinder 3 is driven by the sealing plate 13. When the sealing plate 13 rotates, the interaction between the guide strip 14 and the guide groove 15 no longer limits and guides the sealing plate 13, but transmits power to drive the sliding cylinder 3 to rotate.

[0051] The rotation of the sealing plate 13 is driven by the drill rod 10. In this embodiment, the cooperation relationship between the sealing plate 13 and the drill rod 10 has two states: the sealing plate 13 and the drill rod 10 rotate synchronously, and the sealing plate 13 and the drill rod 10 rotate relative to each other. The switching is achieved by a switching component.

[0052] The switching assembly includes a connecting box 27 fixedly mounted on the bottom of the sealing plate 13 and a rotating sleeve 17 keyed to the drill rod 10. The bottom of the connecting box 27 is evenly provided with several slots 24. The connecting box 27 is provided with several electromagnets 25 located above each slot 24. The top of the rotating sleeve 17 is vertically slidably connected with a pin 26 that can be attracted by the electromagnets 25 and extend into the slots 24. By switching the electromagnets 25 on and off, the pin 26 can be inserted into the slots 24 under the action of magnetic force or fall out of the slots 24 under the action of gravity, thereby facilitating the synchronous rotation of the sealing plate 13 and the drill rod 10 or the relative rotation of the sealing plate 13 and the drill rod 10.

[0053] The energization and de-energization of the electromagnet 25 are controlled by two conductive rings 23 respectively located on the outer wall of the first connecting sleeve 21 and the inner wall of the second connecting sleeve 22. Correspondingly, one end of the electromagnet 25 is connected to the positive terminal of the power supply, and the other end of the electromagnet 25 is connected to one of the conductive rings 23, while the negative terminal of the power supply is connected to the other conductive ring 23. This ensures that the electromagnet 25 is energized when the two conductive rings 23 come into contact with each other, thus forming a circuit between the electromagnet 25 and the battery.

[0054] The conductive ring 23 allows for adjustment of the energization and de-energization of the electromagnet 25 based on the height of the moving sealing plate 13. The height of the moving sealing plate 13 is influenced by the rotation of the drill rod 10, which in turn affects the rotation and movement of the sliding cylinder 3. This ensures that the energization and de-energization of the electromagnet 25 are matched with the movement trajectory of the sliding cylinder 3. Specifically, when the slider on the outer wall of the sliding cylinder 3 is located within the horizontal section 1601 at the top of the curved groove 16, the two conductive rings 23 contact each other, energizing the electromagnet 25. Under magnetic force, the pin 26 extends into the slot 24, causing the sealing plate 13 and drill rod 10 to rotate synchronously, thus rotating the sliding cylinder 3. The slider moves along the curved groove 16, causing the sliding cylinder 3 to move downwards and be fixed deep into the ground until the slider moves to the horizontal section 1601 at the bottom of the curved groove 16. At this time, the sliding cylinder 3 stops moving vertically and maintains synchronous rotation with the sealing plate 13. However, the sealing plate 13 continues to move downwards under the drive of the drill rod 10, thereby driving the second connecting sleeve 22 to move downwards, causing the two conductive rings 23 to disengage from each other. The slider moves to the end of the horizontal section 1601. After the two conductive rings 23 disengage from each other, the sealing plate 13 and the drill rod 10 rotate relative to each other, and the drill rod 10 slides vertically along the sliding cylinder 3.

[0055] In this embodiment, a plurality of telescopic rods are evenly arranged radially around the circumference of the rotating sleeve 17. The telescopic rods include a fixed rod 18 connected to the rotating sleeve 17 and a sliding rod 19 slidably connected to the fixed rod 18. The end of the sliding rod 19 is provided with an elastic contact. A brush plate 20 that brushes along the inner wall of the sleeve is provided on the sliding rod 19. One end of the sliding rod 19 extends into the fixed rod 18 and is provided with a spring. The inner wall of the sleeve is brushed by the brush plate 20. When the telescopic rod contacts the guide bar 14, it is squeezed by the guide bar 14. The elastic potential energy of the telescopic rod drives the brush plate 20 to vibrate, thereby shaking off the rock and soil adhering to the brush plate 20.

[0056] Based on the same inventive concept, this invention provides a road construction survey method, comprising the following steps:

[0057] Step S1: Determine the survey area based on the scope of road construction;

[0058] Step S2: Using the above-mentioned surveying device, rock and soil drilling and sampling are carried out in the survey area. During the process of the motor 6 driving the drill rod 10 to rotate and slide vertically, the conductive rings 23 first conduct to each other, so that the sealing plate 13 drives the sliding cylinder 3 to move downward under the drive of the drill rod 10. After the bottom of the sliding cylinder 3 is inserted into the survey ground, a sealed environment is formed between the sliding cylinder 3, the survey ground and the sealing plate 13, so that while the motor 6 drives the drill rod 10 to drill, the suction of the blower can timely extract the rock and soil samples during the drilling process.

[0059] Step S3: Conduct laboratory tests on the obtained soil and rock samples to determine their physical, mechanical, and chemical properties.

[0060] Compared with the prior art, the present invention, by setting a sleeve, creates a sealed environment inside the sleeve when the bottom of the sleeve is in contact with the ground being surveyed. This allows for simultaneous drilling of the ground through the drill rod 10 and sampling through the sampling pipe 11. Furthermore, the sleeve design ensures that the drilling location is inside the sleeve, effectively preventing dust generated during drilling from being directly dispersed into the air, thus protecting the surrounding environment and preventing external pollution of the surveyed soil and rock. Moreover, the present invention employs a method of simultaneous drilling and soil and rock collection, enabling precise and effective collection and classification of soil and rock from different depths, thereby avoiding the problem of mixing soil and rock from different depths.

[0061] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Although the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make some modifications or alterations to the above-disclosed technical content to create equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A road construction surveying device, characterized in that, include: Survey frame; A sleeve is provided on the survey frame, with the bottom of the sleeve in contact with the survey ground and an end cap on the top of the sleeve; The drilling mechanism includes a power unit mounted on the survey frame, a main shaft driven to rotate by the power unit and sliding vertically along the end cover, and a drill rod located at one end of the main shaft inside the sleeve. A sampling pipe is provided on the end cap and communicates with the inside of the sleeve. The side wall of the drill rod is provided with a sealing plate that is slidably and sealingly connected to the inner wall of the sleeve. A telescopic pipe is provided between the bottom of the sealing plate and the sampling pipe. The sleeve includes a fixed cylinder connected to the end cap and a sliding cylinder slidably connected to the fixed cylinder. A switching component is provided between the sealing plate and the drill rod, which allows the sealing plate and the drill rod to rotate synchronously or relative to each other. The inner wall of the sliding cylinder is symmetrically provided with smooth curved grooves, and the outer wall of the sliding cylinder is symmetrically provided with sliders that are slidably connected in the curved grooves. The curved grooves include horizontal sections located at both ends of the groove opening and having a height difference, and lifting sections located between the horizontal sections. When the sealing plate rotates synchronously with the drill rod, the sliders are slidably connected in the lifting sections. When the sealing plate rotates relative to the drill rod, the sliders are slidably connected in the horizontal sections. The switching component includes: A connecting box is connected to the sealing plate, and the bottom of the connecting box is evenly provided with several slots, and the connecting box is provided with several electromagnets located above each slot; The rotating sleeve is connected to the drill rod key, and the top of the rotating sleeve is vertically slidably connected to a pin that can be attracted by an electromagnet and extended into a slot. When the electromagnet is energized, the pin extends into the slot, causing the connecting box and the sealing plate to rotate synchronously with the rotating sleeve; A connecting sleeve is provided between the sealing plate and the end cap, and a conductive ring is provided between the contact surfaces of the connecting sleeve. When the two conductive rings are in contact with each other, the electromagnet is energized.

2. The road construction surveying device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner wall of the sleeve is uniformly provided with a number of guide strips, and the periphery of the sealing plate is uniformly provided with a number of guide grooves that are adapted to the guide strips.

3. A road construction surveying device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The rotating sleeve is provided with several telescopic rods evenly arranged radially at its circumference, and the telescopic rods are provided with brush plates that brush along the inner wall of the sleeve.

4. A road construction survey method, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step S1: Determine the survey area based on the scope of road construction. Step S2: Use the surveying device described in any one of claims 1 to 3 to perform rock and soil drilling and sampling in the survey area; Step S3: Conduct laboratory tests on the obtained soil and rock samples to determine their physical, mechanical, and chemical properties.

5. The road construction survey method according to claim 4, characterized in that, In step S2, after the bottom of the sleeve is in contact with the ground being surveyed, a sealed environment is formed inside the sleeve. The power component drives the drill rod to rotate through the main shaft to drill a hole in the ground being surveyed, and samples are taken through the sampling pipe at the same time.

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