Dry-type reactor turn-to-turn insulation fault detection method and detection device

Abstract

The invention discloses a dry-type reactor turn-to-turn insulation fault detection method. The method comprises the following steps: S1, setting a sensor; s2, signal acquisition and transmission; and S3, signal processing and analysis. Compared with the prior art, the method is a partial discharge joint detection method based on a high-frequency method and an optical detection method, an optical sensor and a high-frequency current sensor are arranged, optical pulse voltage signals and electromagnetic pulse voltage signals are combined for processing and analysis, and a data set reflecting fault position information is obtained; accurate positioning of an insulation fault is realized; the problem that the partial discharge optical signal of the dry-type air-core reactor is difficult to obtain is solved; and accurate positioning of an insulation fault is realized. The invention also discloses a dry-type reactor turn-to-turn insulation fault detection device, the signal acquisition assembly and the analysis processing assembly in the device can carry out time sequence analysis of electromagnetic and optical fault signals at the same time, and the accuracy of fault signal acquisition, processing and analysis is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of dry-type reactor interturn insulation performance detection, and in particular relates to a dry-type reactor interturn insulation fault detection method and detection device. Background Art

[0002] The dry-type reactor used in UHV converter stations is an axisymmetric structure. The dry-type reactor is mainly composed of multiple packages, upper and lower star frames, struts between packages and rain caps. The packages, star frames and struts are solidified into one, relying on air insulation, and there is no iron core inside the winding. Dry-type reactors are widely used in power systems at all levels due to their simple structure, light weight, low vibration and noise levels. In specific implementation, since the inter-turn insulation material of the dry-type reactor is polyester film and polyimide film, local discharge develops from the surface to the inside of the dielectric. Under the external voltage, local discharge first occurs at the defect of the inter-turn insulation air gap, which then destroys the inter-turn insulation and causes breakdown, causing the dry-type air-core reactor to burn out. In order to detect the internal state of the dry-type reactor in time, it is necessary to detect the inter-turn insulation performance of the dry-type reactor to find problems in time and avoid burning failures.

[0003] At present, the monitoring and analysis of dry-type air-core reactor faults are mostly limited to a single factor, such as temperature detection method, smoke detection method, insulation detection method, electrical quantity parameter detection method, differential detection method, etc. As in the prior art, Chinese Patent Publication No. CN114062879A discloses a dry-type reactor inter-turn insulation detection device and method, the insulation detection device includes: a dry-type reactor, a voltage transformer, a current transformer, a power analyzer, a processing system and an alarm system, the dry-type reactor is a three-phase dry-type reactor, each phase of the dry-type reactor is connected to a set of voltage transformers and current transformers, the three sets of voltage transformers and current transformers are connected to the power analyzer, the processing system judges the working state of the dry-type reactor according to the analysis results of the power analyzer, and the alarm system is used to alarm the operation and maintenance personnel. Chinese patent publication number CN104515941A discloses a device for detecting the inter-turn insulation of a reactor based on the pulse oscillation principle. The two ends of the transformer output are connected in series with a high-voltage silicon stack, a protection resistor, and high and low voltage arm resistors of a resistor divider. Both ends of a controllable discharge spherical gap and a damped oscillation circuit are connected in parallel at both ends of the high and low voltage arm resistors of the resistor divider. The damped oscillation circuit is composed of a damping resistor, a main capacitor, and a reactor sample connected in series. The controller unit controls the discharge of the controllable discharge spherical gap and the output voltage of the transformer according to the voltage across the high and low voltage arm resistors of the resistor divider. During the discharge of the spherical gap, a pulse oscillation is formed on the reactor sample. Then, the pulse oscillation wave signal formed on the reactor is sent to an oscilloscope through a capacitor divider connected in parallel at both ends of the reactor sample, thereby realizing the diagnosis of the inter-turn insulation of the reactor.

[0004] The shortcomings of the existing technology are that the large number of dry-type reactors, complex structures, and narrow channels hinder the comprehensive perception of their status. In the existing technology, in the detection of insulation faults of dry-type air-core reactors, there is a problem that the measurement signal is difficult to extract due to electromagnetic interference, and the existing technology uses a single detection method, resulting in fault perception and positioning deviations.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a new dry-type reactor interturn insulation fault detection method and detection device to solve the above technical problems. Summary of the invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to address the deficiencies in the above-mentioned prior art and disclose a dry-type reactor interturn insulation fault detection method and detection device to solve the technical problem of fault location deviation in the prior art dry-type reactor interturn insulation fault detection scheme.

[0007] In response to the above technical problems, the technical problems were analyzed and it was found that how to accurately sense the fault information of the inter-layer area of ​​the dry-type air-core reactor and solve the problems of difficulty in obtaining local discharge optical signals and inaccurate fault information can achieve accurate detection of the inter-turn insulation performance of the dry-type reactor.

[0008] Based on the above analysis, the present invention proposes a method for detecting inter-turn insulation fault of a dry-type reactor, comprising the following steps:

[0009] S1, sensor setting: multiple optical sensors are set at the bottom of the dry-type air-core reactor, and the photosensitive plane of the optical sensor is perpendicular to the central axis of the dry-type air-core reactor; at the same time, a high-frequency current sensor is inserted into the outlet end of the reactor, the optical sensor is used to send a light pulse voltage signal, and the high-frequency current sensor is used to send an electromagnetic pulse voltage signal, and the light pulse voltage signal and the electromagnetic pulse voltage signal constitute a pulse voltage waveform signal;

[0010] S2, signal acquisition and transmission: using the signal acquisition component to acquire the pulse voltage waveform signal, and transmitting the pulse voltage waveform signal to the analysis and processing component;

[0011] S3, signal processing and analysis: using the analysis and processing component to convert the pulse voltage waveform signal into an optical-electrical two-dimensional pulse sequence and give an optical-electrical two-dimensional phase-based spectrum; extracting characteristic parameters in the optical-electrical two-dimensional phase-based spectrum, and constructing an optical-electrical two-dimensional data set reflecting the fault location information of the dry-type air-core reactor.

[0012] Preferably, in step S1, a bracket is provided at the bottom of the dry-type air-core reactor, and the optical sensor is carried on the bracket.

[0013] Preferably, the bracket is in a circular ring shape; the dry-type air-core reactor includes a star-shaped frame; corresponding to the shape of the star-shaped frame, the bracket is divided into a plurality of arc-shaped areas, and at least one optical sensor is placed in each of the arc-shaped areas.

[0014] Preferably, the response band of the optical sensor is 200nm-280nm, and the gain is ≥105; the transmission impedance of the high-frequency current sensor is ≥10Ω, and the electromagnetic signal bandwidth covers the frequency band of 10MHz-30MHz.

[0015] Preferably, the signal acquisition component includes: a power supply module, a quenching circuit module, an amplifying and detecting module, a multi-channel acquisition card and a high-voltage chip connected in sequence; the power supply module includes a voltage regulator tube for providing power to the high-voltage chip; the high-voltage chip provides a bias voltage for the optical sensor; the quenching circuit module contains a first sampling resistor for outputting a light pulse voltage signal when the optical sensor avalanches; the amplifying and detecting module is used to gain and demodulate the light pulse voltage signal; the multi-channel acquisition card is composed of a multi-channel A / D module, the number of channels of the multi-channel acquisition card is the sum of the number of the optical sensor and the high-frequency current sensor, and each channel synchronously acquires the pulse voltage waveform signal.

[0016] Preferably, in step S3, the method for converting the pulse voltage waveform signal into a photoelectric two-dimensional pulse sequence and giving a photoelectric two-dimensional phase-based spectrum is: respectively sorting the light pulse voltage signal and the electromagnetic pulse voltage signal to form a light pulse sequence and an electromagnetic pulse sequence, normalizing the two, and the normalized interval is [-1,1], adding the amplitudes of the normalized light pulse sequence and the electromagnetic pulse sequence at the same phase angle to obtain the photoelectric two-dimensional pulse sequence, and then taking one power frequency cycle as the unit of observation time, calculating the summed discharge number information and discharge amplitude information in all phase intervals within multiple unit observation times, and using these information as data points to construct a voltage phase-discharge number distribution spectrum and a voltage phase-pulse amplitude distribution spectrum, respectively, to obtain the photoelectric two-dimensional phase-based spectrum.

[0017] Preferably, in step S3, the characteristic parameters in the optical-electrical two-dimensional phase-based spectrum include: skewness, kurtosis and initial phase.

[0018] Preferably, the starting phase is obtained by respectively acquiring the phases for starting discharge in the positive half cycle and the negative half cycle.

[0019] Preferably, in step S3, the method for constructing an optical-electrical two-dimensional data set reflecting the fault location information of the dry-type air-core reactor is: based on the voltage phase-pulse number distribution spectrum and the voltage phase-pulse amplitude distribution spectrum, the same type of characteristic parameters are processed to obtain the average value, and the average value is used as the sample feature to construct the data set; the sample feature construction data set includes: the skewness includes the positive half-cycle skewness and the negative half-cycle skewness, the kurtosis includes the positive half-cycle kurtosis and the negative half-cycle kurtosis, and the starting phase includes the positive half-cycle starting phase and the negative half-cycle starting phase.

[0020] The present invention also proposes a dry-type inductor inter-turn insulation fault detection device, which is used to implement the dry-type inductor inter-turn insulation fault detection method as described above; the dry-type inductor inter-turn insulation fault detection device includes: a monitoring component, a signal acquisition component and an analysis and processing component; the monitoring component includes a plurality of optical sensors arranged at the bottom of the dry-type air-core inductor and a high-frequency current sensor arranged at the outlet end of the dry-type air-core inductor; the signal acquisition component is used to acquire and transmit a pulse voltage waveform signal; the analysis and processing component is used to convert the pulse voltage waveform signal into a photoelectric two-dimensional pulse sequence, provide a photoelectric two-dimensional phase-based spectrum, extract characteristic parameters, construct a data set and analyze to provide insulation fault location.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the dry-type reactor inter-turn insulation fault detection method provided by the present invention is a method for joint detection of local discharge based on high-frequency method and optical detection method. By setting optical sensors and high-frequency current sensors, combined with optical pulse voltage signals and electromagnetic pulse voltage signals for processing and analysis, a data set reflecting the fault location information is obtained, and the insulation fault is accurately located. The problem that the optical signal of the local discharge of the dry-type air-core reactor is difficult to obtain is solved, and the insulation fault is accurately located. Among them: the optical pulse signal-high-frequency electromagnetic pulse signal two-dimensional time domain feature extraction method solves the problem of lack of local discharge classification features, achieves a better fault location effect, and the positioning error can be controlled within 10cm. In the dry-type reactor inter-turn insulation fault detection device provided by the present invention: the signal acquisition component and the analysis and processing component can simultaneously perform time series analysis of electromagnetic and optical fault signals, thereby improving the accuracy of fault signal acquisition, processing and analysis. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic flow chart of a method for detecting inter-turn insulation fault of a dry-type reactor according to the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of a dry-type reactor interturn insulation fault detection device of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3The schematic diagram of the arrangement structure of the optical sensors in the dry-type reactor inter-turn insulation fault detection device of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 The present invention is a schematic structural diagram of a signal acquisition component in a dry-type reactor interturn insulation fault detection device.

[0026] Description of reference numerals:

[0027] Optical sensor; 2. Bracket; 3. Star frame; 4. Encapsulation layer; 5. Air gap layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the various embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings, but it should be noted that these embodiments are not limitations of the present invention, and any equivalent transformations or substitutions in functions, methods, or structures made by ordinary technicians in the field based on these embodiments are all within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] The following is combined with Figure 1-4 The dry-type reactor interturn insulation fault detection method and device of the present invention are further described.

[0030] The present invention discloses a method for detecting inter-turn insulation fault of a dry-type reactor, comprising the following steps:

[0031] S1, sensor setting: multiple optical sensors 1 are set at the bottom of the dry air-core reactor, and the photosensitive plane of the optical sensor 1 is perpendicular to the central axis of the dry air-core reactor; at the same time, a high-frequency current sensor is inserted into the outlet end of the reactor, the optical sensor 1 is used to send a light pulse voltage signal, and the high-frequency current sensor is used to send an electromagnetic pulse voltage signal. The light pulse voltage signal and the electromagnetic pulse voltage signal constitute a pulse voltage waveform signal.

[0032] S2, signal acquisition and transmission: using the signal acquisition component to obtain the pulse voltage waveform signal, and transmitting the pulse voltage waveform signal to the analysis and processing group.

[0033] S3, signal processing and analysis: Use the analysis and processing component to convert the pulse voltage waveform signal into an optical-electrical two-dimensional pulse sequence and give an optical-electrical two-dimensional phase-based spectrum; extract the characteristic parameters in the optical-electrical two-dimensional phase-based spectrum, and construct an optical-electrical two-dimensional data set that reflects the fault location information of the dry-type air-core reactor.

[0034] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, in step S1, a bracket 2 is provided at the bottom of the dry-type air-core reactor, and the optical sensor 1 is carried on the bracket 2. The dry-type air-core reactor further includes an encapsulation layer 4 and an air gap layer 5.

[0035] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, the bracket 2 is annular; the dry-type air-core reactor includes a star-shaped frame 3; corresponding to the shape of the star-shaped frame 3, the bracket 2 is divided into a plurality of arc-shaped areas, and at least one optical sensor 1 is placed in each arc-shaped area.

[0036] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, the response band of the optical sensor is 200nm-280nm, and the gain is ≥105; the transmission impedance of the high-frequency current sensor is ≥10Ω, and the electromagnetic signal bandwidth covers the frequency band of 10MHz-30MHz.

[0037] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, the signal acquisition component includes: a power module, a quenching circuit module, an amplification and detection module, a multi-channel acquisition card and a high-voltage chip connected in sequence; the power module includes a voltage regulator tube for providing power to the high-voltage chip; the high-voltage chip provides a bias voltage for the optical sensor 1; the quenching circuit module contains a first sampling resistor, and the quenching circuit module is used to output a light pulse voltage signal when the optical sensor 1 avalanches; the amplification and detection module is used to gain and demodulate the light pulse voltage signal; the multi-channel acquisition card is composed of a multi-channel A / D module, the number of channels of the multi-channel acquisition card is the sum of the number of optical sensors 1 and high-frequency current sensors, and each channel synchronously acquires a pulse voltage waveform signal.

[0038] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, in step S3, the method for converting the pulse voltage waveform signal into a photoelectric two-dimensional pulse sequence and giving a photoelectric two-dimensional phase-based spectrum is as follows: respectively sorting the light pulse voltage signal and the electromagnetic pulse voltage signal to form a light pulse sequence and an electromagnetic pulse sequence, normalizing the two, and the normalized interval is [-1,1], adding the amplitudes of the normalized light pulse sequence and the electromagnetic pulse sequence at the same phase angle to obtain the photoelectric two-dimensional pulse sequence, and then taking one power frequency cycle as the unit of observation time, calculating the summed discharge number information and discharge amplitude information in all phase intervals within multiple unit observation times, and using these information as data points to construct a voltage phase-discharge number distribution spectrum and a voltage phase-pulse amplitude distribution spectrum, respectively, to obtain a photoelectric two-dimensional phase-based spectrum.

[0039] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, in step S3, the characteristic parameters in the optical-electrical two-dimensional phase-based spectrum include: skewness, kurtosis and starting phase.

[0040] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, the starting phase is obtained by respectively acquiring the phases for starting discharge in the positive half cycle and the negative half cycle.

[0041] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, in step S3, a method for constructing an optical-electrical two-dimensional data set reflecting the fault location information of a dry-type air-core reactor is as follows: based on a voltage phase-pulse number distribution spectrum and a voltage phase-pulse amplitude distribution spectrum, characteristic parameters of the same type are processed to obtain an average value, and a data set is constructed using the average value as sample features; in the data set constructed using the sample features: the skewness includes a positive half-cycle skewness and a negative half-cycle skewness, the kurtosis includes a positive half-cycle kurtosis and a negative half-cycle kurtosis, and the starting phase includes a positive half-cycle starting phase and a negative half-cycle starting phase.

[0042] After combining the implementation steps in the above method, the obtained method for detecting inter-turn insulation fault of dry-type reactor includes the following steps:

[0043] S1, sensor setting: multiple optical sensors 1 are set at the bottom of the dry air-core reactor, and a circular ring bracket 2 is set at the bottom to carry the optical sensor 1, whose photosensitive plane is perpendicular to the central axis of the reactor, the response band is 200nm-280nm, and the gain is ≥105; corresponding to the shape of the reactor star frame 3, the circular ring bracket 2 is divided into multiple arc-shaped areas, and at least one optical sensor 1 is placed in each arc-shaped area; at the same time, a high-frequency current sensor is inserted into the outlet end of the reactor, and its transmission impedance is ≥10Ω, and the electromagnetic signal bandwidth covers the 10MHz-30MHz frequency band.

[0044] S2, signal acquisition and transmission: The signal acquisition component is used to obtain the pulse voltage waveform signal, which includes the light pulse voltage signal sent by the optical sensor 1 and the electromagnetic pulse voltage signal sent by the high-frequency current sensor, and transmit it to the analysis and processing component. The signal acquisition component includes a power module, a quenching circuit module, an amplification detection module and a multi-channel acquisition card connected in sequence. The voltage regulator tube of the power module provides power for the high-voltage chip, and the high-voltage chip provides a bias voltage for the optical sensor 1; the quenching circuit module contains a first sampling resistor (the resistance is greater than the second sampling resistor), which is used to output the light pulse voltage signal when the optical sensor 1 avalanches; the amplification detection module is used to gain and demodulate the light pulse voltage signal; the multi-channel acquisition card is composed of a multi-channel A / D module, the number of its channels is the sum of the number of optical sensors 1 and high-frequency current sensors, and each channel synchronously acquires the pulse voltage waveform signal.

[0045] S3, signal processing and analysis. The analysis and processing component converts the pulse voltage waveform signal into a photoelectric two-dimensional pulse sequence and gives a photoelectric two-dimensional phase-based spectrum. Specifically, the optical pulse voltage signal and the electromagnetic pulse voltage signal are sorted to form a light pulse sequence and an electromagnetic pulse sequence, and the two are normalized (the interval is [-1,1]), and the amplitudes of the normalized optical pulse sequence and the electromagnetic pulse sequence are added at the same phase angle to obtain the photoelectric two-dimensional pulse sequence. Then, the observation time is taken as a unit of an industrial frequency cycle, and the discharge number information and discharge amplitude information added in all phase intervals within multiple unit observation times are calculated. With these information as data points, a voltage phase-discharge number distribution spectrum and a voltage phase-pulse amplitude distribution spectrum are constructed to obtain a photoelectric two-dimensional phase-based spectrum. The characteristic parameters in the optical-electrical two-dimensional phase-based spectrum, such as skewness, kurtosis and starting phase (the phases for starting discharge in the positive half-cycle and the negative half-cycle are obtained respectively), are extracted to construct an optical-electrical two-dimensional data set reflecting the fault location information of the dry-type air-core reactor. Specifically, based on the voltage phase-pulse number distribution spectrum and the voltage phase-pulse amplitude distribution spectrum, the same type of characteristic parameters are processed to obtain the average value, which is used as the sample feature to construct the data set (the skewness includes the positive half-cycle skewness and the negative half-cycle skewness, the kurtosis includes the positive half-cycle kurtosis and the negative half-cycle kurtosis, and the starting phase includes the positive half-cycle starting phase and the negative half-cycle starting phase).

[0046] Compared with the prior art, the dry-type reactor inter-turn insulation fault detection method provided by the present invention is a method for joint detection of local discharge based on high-frequency method and optical detection method. By setting an optical sensor 1 and a high-frequency current sensor, combined with optical pulse voltage signal and electromagnetic pulse voltage signal processing and analysis, a data set reflecting the fault location information is obtained, and the insulation fault is accurately located. The problem that the optical signal of the local discharge of the dry-type air-core reactor is difficult to obtain is solved, and the insulation fault is accurately located. Among them: the optical pulse signal-high-frequency electromagnetic pulse signal two-dimensional time domain feature extraction method solves the problem of lack of local discharge classification features and achieves a better fault location effect. The application of the fault location information fingerprint library and simulation experiment platform constructed in the laboratory shows that the fault identification is accurate and the positioning error can be controlled within 10cm.

[0047] The present invention also discloses a dry-type inductor inter-turn insulation fault detection device, which is used to implement the dry-type inductor inter-turn insulation fault detection method as described in the above embodiment; the dry-type inductor inter-turn insulation fault detection device comprises: a monitoring component, a signal acquisition component and an analysis and processing component; the monitoring component comprises a plurality of optical sensors 1 arranged at the bottom of the dry-type air-core inductor and a high-frequency current sensor arranged at the outlet end of the dry-type air-core inductor; the signal acquisition component is used to acquire and transmit a pulse voltage waveform signal; the analysis and processing component is used to convert the pulse voltage waveform signal into a photoelectric two-dimensional pulse sequence, provide a photoelectric two-dimensional phase-based spectrum, extract characteristic parameters, construct a data set and analyze and provide insulation fault location.

[0048] Compared with the prior art, in the dry-type reactor interturn insulation fault detection device provided by the present invention: the signal acquisition component and the analysis and processing component can simultaneously perform time series analysis of electromagnetic and optical fault signals, thereby improving the accuracy of fault signal acquisition, processing and analysis.

[0049] The series of detailed descriptions listed above are only specific descriptions of feasible implementation methods of the present invention. They are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any equivalent implementation methods or changes that do not deviate from the technical spirit of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0050] In addition, it should be understood that although the present specification is described according to implementation modes, not every implementation mode contains only one independent technical solution. This description of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment may also be appropriately combined to form other implementation modes that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A method for detecting interturn insulation fault of a dry-type reactor, characterized in that: The steps include: S1, sensor setting: multiple optical sensors are set at the bottom of the dry-type air-core reactor, and the photosensitive plane of the optical sensor is perpendicular to the central axis of the dry-type air-core reactor; at the same time, a high-frequency current sensor is inserted into the outlet end of the reactor, the optical sensor is used to send a light pulse voltage signal, and the high-frequency current sensor is used to send an electromagnetic pulse voltage signal, and the light pulse voltage signal and the electromagnetic pulse voltage signal constitute a pulse voltage waveform signal; S2, signal acquisition and transmission: using the signal acquisition component to acquire the pulse voltage waveform signal, and transmitting the pulse voltage waveform signal to the analysis and processing component; S3, signal processing and analysis: using the analysis and processing component to convert the pulse voltage waveform signal into an optical-electrical two-dimensional pulse sequence and give an optical-electrical two-dimensional phase-based spectrum; extracting characteristic parameters in the optical-electrical two-dimensional phase-based spectrum, and constructing an optical-electrical two-dimensional data set reflecting the fault location information of the dry-type air-core reactor.

2. The dry-type reactor interturn insulation fault detection method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, a bracket is provided at the bottom of the dry-type air-core reactor, and the optical sensor is carried on the bracket.

3. The dry-type reactor interturn insulation fault detection method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bracket is in a circular ring shape; the dry-type air-core reactor includes a star-shaped frame; corresponding to the shape of the star-shaped frame, the bracket is divided into a plurality of arc-shaped areas, and at least one optical sensor is placed in each of the arc-shaped areas.

4. The dry-type reactor interturn insulation fault detection method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The response band of the optical sensor is 200nm-280nm, and the gain is ≥105; the transmission impedance of the high-frequency current sensor is ≥10Ω, and the electromagnetic signal bandwidth covers the frequency band of 10MHz-30MHz.

5. The dry-type reactor interturn insulation fault detection method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The signal acquisition component includes: a power module, a quenching circuit module, an amplifying and detecting module, a multi-channel acquisition card and a high-voltage chip connected in sequence; the power module includes a voltage regulator tube for providing power to the high-voltage chip; the high-voltage chip provides a bias voltage for the optical sensor; the quenching circuit module contains a first sampling resistor for outputting a light pulse voltage signal when the optical sensor avalanches; the amplifying and detecting module is used to gain and demodulate the light pulse voltage signal; the multi-channel acquisition card is composed of a multi-channel A / D module, the number of channels of the multi-channel acquisition card is the sum of the number of the optical sensor and the high-frequency current sensor, and each channel synchronously acquires the pulse voltage waveform signal.

6. The dry-type reactor interturn insulation fault detection method according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step S3, the method for converting the pulse voltage waveform signal into a photoelectric two-dimensional pulse sequence and giving a photoelectric two-dimensional phase-based spectrum is as follows: respectively sorting the photoelectric pulse voltage signal and the electromagnetic pulse voltage signal to form a photoelectric pulse sequence and an electromagnetic pulse sequence, normalizing the two, and the normalized interval is [-1,1], adding the amplitudes of the normalized photoelectric pulse sequence and the electromagnetic pulse sequence at the same phase angle to obtain the photoelectric two-dimensional pulse sequence, and then taking one power frequency cycle as a unit of observation time, calculating the summed discharge number information and discharge amplitude information in all phase intervals within multiple unit observation times, and using these information as data points to construct a voltage phase-discharge number distribution spectrum and a voltage phase-pulse amplitude distribution spectrum, respectively, to obtain the photoelectric two-dimensional phase-based spectrum.

7. The dry-type reactor interturn insulation fault detection method according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step S3, characteristic parameters in the optical-electrical two-dimensional phase-based spectrum include: skewness, kurtosis and initial phase.

8. The dry-type reactor interturn insulation fault detection method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The starting phase is obtained by respectively acquiring the phases for starting discharge in the positive half cycle and the negative half cycle.

9. The dry-type reactor interturn insulation fault detection method according to claim 8, characterized in that: In step S3, the method for constructing an optical-electrical two-dimensional data set reflecting the fault location information of the dry-type air-core reactor is as follows: based on the voltage phase-pulse number distribution map and the voltage phase-pulse amplitude distribution map, the same type of characteristic parameters are processed to obtain the average value, and the average value is used as the sample feature to construct the data set; In the sample feature construction data set, the skewness includes the positive half-cycle skewness and the negative half-cycle skewness, the kurtosis includes the positive half-cycle kurtosis and the negative half-cycle kurtosis, and the starting phase includes the positive half-cycle starting phase and the negative half-cycle starting phase.

10. A dry-type reactor interturn insulation fault detection device, characterized in that: The dry-type inductor inter-turn insulation fault detection device is used to implement the dry-type inductor inter-turn insulation fault detection method as described in any one of claims 1 to 9; the dry-type inductor inter-turn insulation fault detection device includes: a monitoring component, a signal acquisition component and an analysis and processing component; the monitoring component includes a plurality of optical sensors arranged at the bottom of the dry-type air-core inductor and a high-frequency current sensor arranged at the outlet end of the dry-type air-core inductor; the signal acquisition component is used to acquire and transmit a pulse voltage waveform signal; the analysis and processing component is used to convert the pulse voltage waveform signal into a photoelectric two-dimensional pulse sequence, provide a photoelectric two-dimensional phase-based spectrum, extract characteristic parameters, construct a data set and analyze to provide insulation fault location.

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