Battery system and engineering machinery

Abstract

The invention discloses a battery system and engineering machinery. The battery system comprises a plurality of battery units and a smoke exhaust plate. The plurality of battery units are stacked in the height direction, each battery unit comprises a battery box body and an anti-explosion valve, and the anti-explosion valve is arranged on the side wall of the battery box body. The smoke exhaust plate is arranged on the outer side of the side wall of the battery box body, and the smoke exhaust plate is of a groove-shaped structure, so that the smoke exhaust plate covers the anti-explosion valves of the battery units, and a smoke exhaust channel is formed between the smoke exhaust plate and the side wall of the battery box body. When the explosion-proof valve exhausts high-pressure gas due to thermal runaway, the high-temperature and high-pressure gas is limited by the smoke exhaust channel, cannot be directly exhausted in the horizontal direction and flows in the smoke exhaust channel, so that the high-pressure gas can be better guided and can be guided to an expected position to be exhausted; damage to personnel, the whole vehicle and surrounding objects is reduced, and the safety of the battery system is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to battery replacement technology for electric engineering machinery, and in particular to a battery system and engineering machinery. Background Art

[0002] With increasingly stringent environmental regulations and advancements in battery technology, new energy electric machinery has been widely used in various scenarios.

[0003] In the battery system of existing engineering machinery, when the battery experiences thermal runaway, the high-pressure gas generated in the battery is directly ejected in a horizontal direction, which can easily cause damage to the driver, surrounding pedestrians and the entire vehicle, posing a safety hazard.

[0004] It should be noted that the statements in this background technology section only provide background technology related to the present application and do not necessarily constitute prior art. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present application provides a battery system and engineering machinery to improve the safety of the battery system.

[0006] A first aspect of the present application provides a battery system, comprising:

[0007] A plurality of battery cells, wherein the plurality of battery cells are stacked in a height direction, the battery cells include a battery box and an explosion-proof valve, and the explosion-proof valve is arranged on a side wall of the battery box; and

[0008] The smoke exhaust plate is arranged on the outer side of the side wall of the battery box, and the smoke exhaust plate is a groove-shaped structure so that the smoke exhaust plate covers multiple explosion-proof valves of multiple battery cells and forms a smoke exhaust channel between the smoke exhaust plate and the side wall of the battery box.

[0009] In some embodiments, multiple explosion-proof valves of multiple battery cells are located at the same position in the horizontal direction, and the smoke exhaust plates are arranged vertically in the height direction.

[0010] In some embodiments, each battery unit includes multiple explosion-proof valves, which are horizontally spaced apart on the side wall of the battery box, and the battery system includes multiple smoke exhaust plates, which are horizontally spaced apart to form multiple spaced smoke exhaust channels.

[0011] In some embodiments, a liquid cooling plate is provided on the battery case. The liquid cooling plate has a flow channel for circulating a heat exchange medium. The battery unit also includes a liquid inlet pipe, a liquid inlet socket, a liquid outlet pipe and a liquid outlet socket. The liquid inlet socket is provided on the top surface of the battery case, a portion of the liquid inlet pipe is provided inside the battery case and connected to the liquid inlet socket, and the remaining portion of the liquid inlet pipe passes through the bottom surface of the battery case and extends to connect with the liquid inlet socket of the battery unit on the adjacent lower side; the liquid outlet socket is provided on the top surface of the battery case, a portion of the liquid outlet pipe is provided inside the battery case and connected to the liquid outlet socket, and the remaining portion of the liquid outlet pipe passes through the bottom surface of the battery case and extends to connect with the liquid outlet socket of the battery unit on the adjacent lower side, the liquid inlet pipe is used to pass the heat exchange medium, and the liquid outlet pipe is used to discharge the heat exchange medium.

[0012] In some embodiments, the battery cell also includes an electrical plug and an electrical socket. The electrical plug is arranged on the bottom surface of the battery case, and the electrical socket is arranged on the top surface of the battery case. The electrical plug is used to connect to the electrical socket of the adjacent lower battery cell to establish an electrical connection between two adjacent battery cells.

[0013] In some embodiments, the battery cell further includes a positioning column and a positioning hole, the positioning column is arranged on the top surface of the battery case, the positioning hole is arranged on the bottom surface of the battery case, and the positioning column is used to be inserted into the positioning hole of the battery cell adjacent to the upper side.

[0014] In some embodiments, the battery cell also includes an upper connecting plate and a lower connecting plate, the upper connecting plate is arranged at a position of the side wall close to the top surface of the battery case, the lower connecting plate is arranged at a position of the side wall close to the bottom surface of the battery case, and the upper connecting plate and the lower connecting plate are located at the same position in the horizontal direction, and the upper connecting plate is used to connect the lower connecting plate of the adjacent upper battery cell.

[0015] In some embodiments, an upper frame is also included. The upper frame is arranged on the top of the plurality of battery cells and is used for hoisting.

[0016] In some embodiments, a thermal management unit is also included, and the thermal management unit is disposed in the upper frame.

[0017] In some embodiments, a lower frame is further included. The lower frame is disposed at the bottom ends of the plurality of battery cells and is used to support and fix the plurality of battery cells.

[0018] A second aspect of the present application provides an engineering machine, comprising a battery compartment and a battery system as described above, wherein the battery system is detachably installed in the battery compartment.

[0019] Based on the technical solution provided in the present application, the battery system includes a plurality of battery cells and a smoke exhaust plate. The plurality of battery cells are stacked in the height direction, and the battery cells include a battery case and an explosion-proof valve, and the explosion-proof valve is arranged on the side wall of the battery case. The smoke exhaust plate is arranged on the outside of the side wall of the battery case, and the smoke exhaust plate is a groove-shaped structure so that the smoke exhaust plate covers the plurality of explosion-proof valves of the plurality of battery cells and forms a smoke exhaust channel between the side wall of the battery case. When the explosion-proof valve discharges high-pressure gas due to thermal runaway, the high-temperature and high-pressure gas will be restricted by the smoke exhaust channel and cannot be discharged directly in the horizontal direction, but flows in the smoke exhaust channel. Therefore, the high-pressure gas can be better guided, and the high-pressure gas can be diverted to the desired position for discharge, thereby reducing damage to personnel, the entire vehicle and surrounding objects, and improving the safety of the battery system.

[0020] Other features and advantages of the present application will become apparent from the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments of the present application with reference to the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present application and constitute a part of the present application. The illustrative embodiments of the present application and their descriptions are used to explain the present application and do not constitute an improper limitation on the present application. In the drawings:

[0022] Figure 1 This is an overall schematic diagram of a battery system according to some embodiments of the present application.

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the disassembly of the battery system of some embodiments of the present application.

[0024] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of a battery cell according to some embodiments of the present application.

[0025] Figure 4 This is a left side view of a battery cell according to some embodiments of the present application.

[0026] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of battery cell stacking method in some embodiments of the present application.

[0027] Figure 6 This is a front view of an upper frame according to some embodiments of the present application.

[0028] Figure 7 This is a bottom view of the upper frame of some embodiments of the present application.

[0029] Figure 8 This is a front view of the lower frame of some embodiments of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all of the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is actually only illustrative and is by no means intended to limit the present application and its application or use. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0031] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement, numerical expressions and numerical values ​​of the parts and steps set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the application. Meanwhile, it should be understood that, for ease of description, the sizes of the various parts shown in the accompanying drawings are not drawn according to actual proportional relationships. The technology, methods and equipment known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but in appropriate cases, the technology, methods and equipment should be considered as a part of the specification. In all examples shown and discussed here, any specific value should be interpreted as being merely exemplary, rather than as a limitation. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters represent similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once a certain item is defined in an accompanying drawing, it does not need to be further discussed in subsequent drawings.

[0032] For ease of description, spatially relative terms such as "above", "above", "on the upper surface of", "above", etc. may be used here to describe the spatial positional relationship between a device or feature and other devices or features as shown in the figure. It should be understood that spatially relative terms are intended to include different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation described in the figure. For example, if the device in the accompanying drawings is inverted, the device described as "above other devices or structures" or "above other devices or structures" will be positioned as "below other devices or structures" or "below other devices or structures". Thus, the exemplary term "above" may include both "above" and "below". The device may also be positioned in other different ways, and the spatially relative descriptions used here are interpreted accordingly.

[0033] For this purpose, refer to Figure 1 and 2The present application provides a battery system, including a plurality of battery cells 11 and a smoke exhaust plate 4. The plurality of battery cells 11 are stacked in the height direction, and the battery cell includes a battery box 110 and an explosion-proof valve 114, and the explosion-proof valve 114 is arranged on the side wall of the battery box 110. The smoke exhaust plate 4 is arranged on the outside of the side wall of the battery box 110, and the smoke exhaust plate 4 is a groove-shaped structure so that the smoke exhaust plate 4 covers the plurality of explosion-proof valves 114 of the plurality of battery cells 11 and forms a smoke exhaust channel between the smoke exhaust plate 4 and the side wall of the battery box 110.

[0034] Specifically, the cross-sectional shape of the smoke exhaust plate 4 is formed in a concave shape, and the two long sides of the smoke exhaust plate 4 are used to fit the side walls of the battery box 110. The middle part of the smoke exhaust plate 4 is concave relative to the two edges in the length direction to form a groove structure. The groove structure and the side walls of the battery box 110 form a smoke exhaust channel, and one smoke exhaust plate 4 can simultaneously cover multiple explosion-proof valves 114 of multiple battery cells 11, so that when the explosion-proof valve 114 of any one of the multiple battery cells 11 discharges high-pressure gas due to thermal runaway, the high-temperature and high-pressure gas will be restricted by the smoke exhaust channel and cannot be discharged directly in the horizontal direction, but flows in the smoke exhaust channel. Therefore, the battery system of the embodiment of the present application can better realize the guidance of high-pressure gas, and can guide the high-pressure gas to the desired position for discharge, thereby reducing damage to personnel, the entire vehicle and surrounding objects, and improving the safety of the battery system.

[0035] refer to Figure 3 In some embodiments, the battery box 110 is a rectangular parallelepiped structure, and the explosion-proof valve 114 is arranged on the side consisting of the length and height of the battery box 110. Compared with being arranged on the side consisting of the width and height, since the area of ​​the side consisting of the length and height is larger, there is more space to arrange the smoke exhaust plate 4, making the overall spatial layout of the battery system more reasonable.

[0036] refer to Figure 1 and 2 In some embodiments, the battery system further includes a guard plate 5, which is a long plate-shaped structure. The length direction of the guard plate 5 is parallel to the height direction of the battery system. The guard plate 5 is arranged at four sides of the battery box 110 that are parallel to the height direction, thereby protecting the edges of the battery box 110 and improving the safety of the battery system.

[0037] In some embodiments, the battery box 110 includes a bottom wall and side walls arranged around the bottom wall, the bottom wall and the side walls form an open box structure, and the box structure is used to place battery cells. The battery unit 11 also includes a sealing cover 117, which is used to cover the opening of the box to seal the battery cells and improve the sealing effect.

[0038] refer to Figure 2In some embodiments, the multiple explosion-proof valves 114 of the multiple battery cells 11 are located at the same position in the horizontal direction, and the smoke exhaust plates 4 are arranged vertically in the height direction.

[0039] Specifically, at least one of the top and bottom ends of the smoke exhaust plate 4 is open, so that when the explosion-proof valve 114 is exhausted, the high-pressure airflow can be discharged vertically or downward through the open end of the smoke exhaust channel, reducing the risk of directly blowing to surrounding personnel and equipment, and further improving safety.

[0040] It is understandable that the multiple explosion-proof valves 114 of the multiple battery cells 11 can also be located at different positions in the horizontal direction, but are distributed at an angle. At this time, the smoke exhaust plate 4 is also arranged at an angle to cover the multiple explosion-proof valves 114. Further, the high-pressure airflow is discharged at an angle through the smoke exhaust channel.

[0041] refer to Figure 2 In some embodiments, each battery cell 11 includes a plurality of explosion-proof valves 114. The plurality of explosion-proof valves 114 are arranged horizontally at intervals on the side wall of the battery box 110. The battery system includes a plurality of smoke exhaust plates 4. The plurality of smoke exhaust plates 4 are distributed at intervals in the horizontal direction to form a plurality of spaced smoke exhaust channels.

[0042] Specifically, a plurality of explosion-proof valves 114 are provided on each battery cell 11, and the plurality of explosion-proof valves 114 are spaced apart in the length direction X of the battery case 110. When the battery cell 11 is in thermal runaway, the plurality of explosion-proof valves 114 exhaust gas together, thereby improving the exhaust and pressure relief capability of the battery cell 11. Furthermore, the plurality of smoke exhaust plates 4 form a plurality of smoke exhaust channels, thereby ensuring that when each explosion-proof valve 114 on each battery cell 11 exhausts gas, the high-pressure gas is guided instead of being discharged directly in a horizontal direction, thereby improving the safety of the battery system.

[0043] refer to Figure 3 and 4In some embodiments, a liquid cooling plate is provided on the battery case 110. The liquid cooling plate has a flow channel for circulating a heat exchange medium. The battery cell 11 also includes a liquid inlet pipe 1121, a liquid inlet socket 1122, a liquid outlet pipe 1123 and a liquid outlet socket 1124. The liquid inlet socket 1122 is arranged on the top surface of the battery case 110. A portion of the liquid inlet pipe 1121 is arranged inside the battery case 110 and connected to the liquid inlet socket 1122. The rest of the liquid inlet pipe 1121 passes through the bottom surface of the battery case 110 and extends to be connected to the liquid inlet socket 1122 of the battery cell 11 on the adjacent lower side. The liquid outlet socket 1124 is arranged on the top surface of the battery case 110. A portion of the liquid outlet pipe 1123 is arranged inside the battery case 110 and connected to the liquid outlet socket 1124. The remaining portion of the liquid outlet pipe 1123 passes through the bottom surface of the battery box 110 and extends to connect with the liquid outlet socket 1124 of the adjacent lower battery unit 11. The liquid inlet pipe 1121 is used to introduce heat exchange medium into the liquid cooling plate, and the liquid outlet pipe 1123 is used to discharge heat exchange medium from the liquid cooling plate.

[0044] In some embodiments, the liquid cooling plate may be disposed on the bottom wall of the battery box 110 , or the liquid cooling plate may serve as the bottom wall of the battery box 110 .

[0045] Based on this, after a plurality of battery cells 11 are stacked, the battery cells 11 on the top layer can be connected to the battery cells 11 on the bottom layer by water, so that the heat exchange medium can flow from the battery cells 11 on the top layer to the battery cells 11 on the bottom layer, and further, flow from the battery cells 11 on the bottom layer to the battery cells 11 on the top layer through the liquid outlet pipe 1123, so as to realize heat exchange of all battery cells 11. Moreover, the pipeline for the flow of heat exchange medium is arranged in the battery box 110, which can not only improve the heat exchange efficiency, but also reduce the risk of the pipeline being exposed to the outside, thereby improving the safety and reliability of the battery system.

[0046] refer to Figure 3 and 4 In some embodiments, the battery unit 11 further includes an electrical plug 1131 and an electrical socket 1132. The electrical plug 1131 is disposed on the bottom surface of the battery case 110. The electrical socket 1132 is disposed on the top surface of the battery case 110. The electrical plug 1131 is used to connect to the electrical socket 1132 of the adjacent lower battery unit 11 to establish an electrical connection between the two adjacent battery units 11.

[0047] Based on this, after a plurality of battery cells 11 are stacked, electrical connections can be established between all the battery cells 11 , and the exposure of cables to the outside of the battery box 110 can be reduced, thereby improving safety and reliability.

[0048] refer to Figure 3 and 4In some embodiments, the electrical plug 1131 and the electrical socket 1132 are aligned in the horizontal direction and are located near the edge of the battery case 110, thereby reducing structural interference with the battery cells inside the battery case 110 and facilitating alignment when assembling multiple battery cells 11.

[0049] In some embodiments, in the length direction X of the battery case 110, the liquid inlet pipe 1121, the liquid inlet socket 1122, the liquid outlet pipe 1123, the liquid outlet socket 1124, the electric plug 1131 and the electric socket 1132 are all located in the same area and close to one end in the length direction of the battery case 110. In this way, the water connection and the electrical connection can be concentrated in a part of the battery unit 11, improving the rationality of the layout of the battery system.

[0050] In some embodiments, the battery cell also includes a partition, which is arranged inside the battery case 110 and is used to separate the internal space of the battery case 110 into a first space and a second space. The liquid inlet pipe 1121 and the liquid outlet pipe 1123 are both located in the first space, and the battery cell is located in the second space.

[0051] refer to Figure 3 and 4 In some embodiments, the battery cell further includes a positioning column 1161 and a positioning hole 1162. The positioning column 1161 is disposed on the top surface of the battery case 110. The positioning hole 1162 is disposed on the bottom surface of the battery case 110. The positioning column 1161 is used to be inserted into the positioning hole 1162 of the battery cell 11 adjacent to the upper side.

[0052] Specifically, the positioning column 1161 is set at the edge of the top surface of the battery case 110, and the positioning hole 1162 is set at the edge of the bottom surface of the battery case 110. Therefore, it is convenient to position the multiple battery cells 11 when assembling them, so that the positioning column 1161 is aligned with the positioning hole 1162 to complete the assembly.

[0053] In order to further improve the convenience of assembly between battery cells 11, in some embodiments, the positioning column 1161 is set at a corner of the top surface of the battery box 110, and the positioning hole 1162 is set at a corner of the bottom surface of the cuboid, which is more convenient for alignment.

[0054] refer to Figure 3 and 4 In some embodiments, the battery cell 11 further includes an upper connecting plate 1111 and a lower connecting plate 1112. The upper connecting plate 1111 is disposed at a position of the side wall close to the top surface of the battery case 110. The lower connecting plate 1112 is disposed at a position of the side wall close to the bottom surface of the battery case 110. And the upper connecting plate 1111 and the lower connecting plate 1112 are located at the same position in the horizontal direction. The upper connecting plate 1111 is used to connect the lower connecting plate 1112 of the battery cell 11 on the adjacent upper side.

[0055] Specifically, when two adjacent battery cells 11 are assembled, the upper connecting plate 1111 and the lower connecting plate 1112 fit together, and the upper connecting plate 1111 and the lower connecting plate 1112 are both long plate-like structures, and the length direction of the upper connecting plate 1111 and the lower connecting plate 1112 is parallel to the length direction of the battery box 110. In this way, the fitting area of ​​the upper connecting plate 1111 and the lower connecting plate 1112 can be increased, thereby improving the structural stability of the battery system.

[0056] In some embodiments, the upper connecting plate 1111 and the lower connecting plate 1112 are respectively provided with through holes at corresponding positions for installing fasteners (such as bolts) to fix the upper connecting plate 1111 and the lower connecting plate 1112 .

[0057] In some embodiments, the side walls on both sides of the width direction Y of the battery box 110 are provided with an upper connecting plate 1111 and a lower connecting plate 1112 to improve the structural stability of the battery system.

[0058] In some embodiments, the battery cell 11 includes multiple upper connecting plates 1111 and multiple lower connecting plates 1112, and the multiple upper connecting plates 1111 and the multiple lower connecting plates 1112 are spaced apart along the length direction X of the battery case 110. This can further increase the fitting area of ​​the upper connecting plates 1111 and the lower connecting plates 1112 when two battery cells 11 are assembled, thereby further improving the structural stability of the battery system.

[0059] In some embodiments, the battery system further includes an elastic buffer, such as a buffer foam, which is disposed between the upper connecting plate 1111 and the lower connecting plate 1112. This can provide vibration buffering for the battery system and improve structural safety.

[0060] refer to Figure 3 and 4 In some embodiments, a manual maintenance switch 115 is further included. The manual maintenance switch 115 is arranged on the side surface of the battery box 110 which is composed of width and height. In this way, after a plurality of battery cells 11 are grouped, the manual maintenance switch 115 is located on the side of the battery system without being blocked by the upper frame 2, the lower frame 3 and the smoke exhaust plate 4, so that it is convenient for the staff to repair the battery cells 11.

[0061] In addition, the inventors of this application also found that the battery replacement frames of the existing engineering machinery battery systems are all metal frame solutions. The frames are divided into different areas by beams, and the batteries are fixed inside each area. In order to adapt to the harsh working conditions of engineering machinery, metal frames are usually complex in structure, with many reinforcing beam designs, and the overall weight is relatively large. During assembly, this solution requires the use of auxiliary devices to place the battery in the metal frame from the side. The installation process is complicated and cumbersome, and it is easy to damage the battery.

[0062] For this purpose, refer to Figure 1 , 2 , 6 and 7, in some embodiments, the battery system further comprises an upper frame 2. The upper frame 2 is disposed on the top of the plurality of battery cells 11. The upper frame 2 is used for hoisting.

[0063] Specifically, the upper frame 2 includes an upper connecting frame 21, a hanging frame 22, an upper supporting frame 23, and an upper frame positioning hole 24. The upper connecting frame 21 is a rectangular frame, and the upper frame positioning hole 24 is arranged on the bottom surface of the upper connecting frame 21. The upper connecting frame 21 is detachably connected to the top surface of the battery box 110 of the uppermost battery cell 11 of the plurality of battery cells 11 through the upper frame positioning hole 24. The hanging frame 22 is a rectangular frame and is arranged parallel to the upper connecting frame 21. The upper supporting frame 23 is arranged at the edge of the upper connecting frame 21 and connected between the upper connecting frame 21 and the hanging frame 22. Such an arrangement can not only ensure the structural strength of the upper frame 2, but also make the interior of the upper frame 2 hollow to meet the lightweight requirements. When replacing the battery, the hanging frame 22 is directly used as the force application point to drive the upper frame 2 and the plurality of battery cells 11 to move, which is simple and convenient.

[0064] Further, refer to Figure 1 , 2 In some embodiments, the battery system further comprises a lower frame 3. The lower frame 3 is disposed at the bottom end of the plurality of battery cells 11. The lower frame 3 is used to carry and fix the plurality of battery cells 11.

[0065] Specifically, the lower frame 3 includes a lower connecting frame 31, a bottom bracket connecting frame 32, a lower support frame 33, and a lower frame positioning column 34. The lower connecting frame 31 is a rectangular frame, and the lower frame positioning column 34 is arranged on the lower connecting frame 31. The lower frame positioning column 34 is used to insert into the positioning hole 1162 on the bottom surface of the battery box 110 of the battery cell of the lowest layer of multiple battery cells 11, so as to complete the connection with the battery cell 11. The bottom bracket connecting frame 32 is a rectangular frame and is arranged parallel to the lower connecting frame 31. The bottom bracket connecting frame 32 is used to connect with the battery compartment of the engineering machinery. The lower support frame 33 is arranged at the edge of the lower connecting frame 31 and connected between the lower connecting frame 31 and the bottom bracket connecting frame 32. Such an arrangement can not only ensure the structural strength of the lower frame 3, but also make the lower frame 3 hollow inside to meet the lightweight requirements.

[0066] In order to further improve the integration of the battery system and optimize the space occupancy, in some embodiments, the battery system further includes a thermal management unit. The thermal management unit is disposed in the upper frame 2, and the thermal management unit is connected to the liquid inlet pipe 1121 and the liquid outlet pipe 1123, and the heat exchange medium circulates inside each battery unit 11 to achieve heat exchange.

[0067] In some embodiments, an expansion kettle component is also provided in the upper frame 2 .

[0068] In some embodiments, space is reserved inside the lower frame 3 to arrange components such as a high-voltage control box, a low-voltage control box, and a thermal management system control box.

[0069] In summary, the multiple battery cells 11 in the battery system are grouped in a quick-plug building block style, which can reduce the use of fasteners, external pipes and wiring harnesses, reduce the gap between battery cells when grouped, and the modular design has high integration and convenient assembly and disassembly, which improves the assembly and disassembly efficiency and can also achieve the purpose of cost reduction. In addition, the battery cells are directly involved in the connection of the upper and lower frames, simplifying the structure of the traditional frame connection solution, and further achieving the requirements of lightweight and cost reduction.

[0070] The present application also provides an engineering machine, including a battery compartment and a battery system as described above, wherein the battery system is detachably installed in the battery compartment. When the engineering machine needs to be replaced with a battery, the battery system of the present application can be quickly disassembled and replaced by hoisting the upper frame 2, thereby improving the efficiency of battery replacement.

[0071] Combine the following Figures 1 to 8 , introducing a battery system of a specific embodiment of the present application.

[0072] The battery system mainly includes a battery assembly 1, an upper frame 2, a lower frame 3, and a smoke exhaust plate 4. The battery assembly 1 includes four battery cells 11 of the same structure. The four battery cells 11 are stacked in the height direction. The four battery cells 11 from bottom to top are respectively referred to as the first battery cell 1101, the second battery cell 1102, the third battery cell 1103 and the fourth battery cell 1104. The battery assembly 1 is directly connected to the upper frame 2 and the lower frame 3, which simplifies the structure of the traditional frame connection scheme, eliminates the frame structure for placing the battery cells, and further achieves lightweight and cost reduction. The battery cell 11 adopts a modular design with low process processing cost. The number of battery cells 11 can be adjusted according to different product requirements to form different voltage platforms and system power to adapt to more products.

[0073] Furthermore, the battery unit 11 includes a battery box 110, an upper connecting plate 1111, a lower connecting plate 1112, a liquid inlet pipe 1121, a liquid inlet socket 1122, a liquid outlet pipe 1123, a liquid outlet socket 1124, an electric plug 1131, an electric socket 1132, an explosion-proof valve 114, a manual maintenance switch 115, a positioning column 1161, a positioning hole 1162, a sealing upper cover 117, and a smoke exhaust plate mounting hole 118.

[0074] Battery unit assembly method: The second battery unit 1102 is directly stacked on top of the first battery unit 1101. The positioning column 1161 of the first battery unit 1101 is inserted into the positioning hole 1162 of the second battery unit 1102 to achieve group positioning. The bottom frame of the battery unit 11 is provided with an upper cover bolt avoidance hole. The battery unit 11 has its own sealing upper cover 117. The sealing upper cover 117 is used to seal the battery box 110 to achieve an internal sealing effect. The system has good sealing performance when grouped. The lower connecting plate 1112 of the second battery unit 1102 is screwed and fixedly connected to the upper connecting plate 1111 of the first battery unit 1101 to achieve structural connection and fixation. Buffer foam is placed between the upper connecting plate 1111 and the lower connecting plate to achieve a system vibration buffering effect. The liquid inlet pipe 1121 at the bottom of the second battery unit 1102 is inserted into the liquid inlet socket 1122 at the top of the first battery unit 1101 to achieve a quick plug-in connection, and the liquid outlet pipe 1123 at the bottom of the second battery unit 1102 is inserted into the liquid outlet socket 1124 at the top of the first battery unit 1101 to achieve a quick plug-in connection, thereby establishing a water connection between two adjacent battery units. The electrical plug 1131 of the second battery unit 1102 is quickly plug-in connected to the electrical socket 1132 of the first battery unit 1101 to achieve an electrical connection.

[0075] According to the above connection method, the connection of the first battery unit 1101, the second battery unit 1102, the third battery unit 1103, and the fourth battery unit 1104 are completed in sequence, and the battery system is finally assembled into groups. The quick-plug building block grouping method can reduce the use of fasteners, external pipes and wiring harnesses, and reduce the gap between battery cells when grouping. The modular design has high integration and convenient disassembly and assembly, which can further achieve the purpose of cost reduction. The upper connecting plate 1111 and the lower connecting plate 1112 can not only realize the inter-package locking, but also serve as a lifting structure and an anti-collision structure. At the same time, they can be used as a reserved structure for locking with the whole vehicle. After locking, the problem of large vibration swing and weak strength of the multi-layer arrangement of battery units can be alleviated. Due to the use of an external bracket locking method, the bolt holes of the box frame are only used to lock the sealing upper cover 117, and do not need to bear the inter-package locking function, so the frame thickness can be further reduced, and the box and battery system can be further lightweight, reducing costs.

[0076] The upper frame 2 includes an upper connection frame 21, a hoisting frame 22, an upper support frame 23, and an upper frame positioning hole 24. Space is reserved inside the frame for installing components such as a thermal management unit and an expansion kettle. The lower frame 3 includes a lower connection frame 31, a bottom support connection frame 32, a lower support frame 33, and a lower frame positioning column 34. Space is reserved inside the frame for components such as a high-voltage control box, a low-voltage control box, and a thermal management system control box.

[0077] The battery replacement frame grouping method: the lower frame 3 is placed on the bottom layer, the first battery unit 1101 is placed on the connecting frame 31 of the lower frame 3, and the lower frame positioning pin 34 is inserted into the positioning hole 1162 of the first battery unit 1101 to achieve assembly positioning. The lower connecting plate 1112 of the first battery unit 1101 is screwed and fixedly connected with the connecting frame 31 to achieve structural connection. The second battery unit 1102, the third battery unit 1103, and the fourth battery unit 1104 are assembled in turn using the above-mentioned battery unit assembly method to complete the assembly. The exhaust plate 4 is screwed and fixedly connected with the exhaust plate mounting hole 118 to further enhance the structural strength of the battery system. After assembly, the explosion-proof valve 114 is located inside the exhaust plate 4, and the internal cavity of the exhaust plate 4 forms an exhaust channel to improve the thermal runaway safety of the battery system. The upper frame 2 is placed on the upper part of the fourth battery unit 1104, and the positioning column 1161 of the fourth battery unit 1104 is inserted into the upper frame positioning hole 24 of the upper frame 2 to achieve assembly positioning. The upper connecting frame 21 is screwed and fixedly connected to the upper connecting plate 1111 of the fourth battery unit 1104 to achieve structural connection, thereby finally achieving the assembly of the battery exchange frame.

[0078] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present application rather than to limit it. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, ordinary technicians in the relevant field should understand that the specific implementation methods of the present application can still be modified or some technical features can be replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit of the technical solution of the present application, which should be included in the scope of the technical solution for protection in the present application.

Claims

1. A battery system, characterized in that: include: A plurality of battery cells (11), wherein the plurality of battery cells (11) are stacked in a height direction, wherein the battery cells (11) comprise a battery box (110) and an explosion-proof valve (114), wherein the explosion-proof valve (114) is arranged on a side wall of the battery box (110); and A smoke exhaust plate (4), the smoke exhaust plate (4) being arranged on the outside of the side wall of the battery box (110), and the smoke exhaust plate (4) being a groove-shaped structure so that the smoke exhaust plate (4) covers the plurality of explosion-proof valves (114) of the plurality of battery units (11) and forms a smoke exhaust channel between the smoke exhaust plate (4) and the side wall of the battery box (110).

2. The battery system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plurality of explosion-proof valves (114) of the plurality of battery units (11) are located at the same position in the horizontal direction, and the smoke exhaust plate (4) is arranged vertically in the height direction.

3. The battery system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each of the battery units (11) comprises a plurality of explosion-proof valves (114), and the plurality of explosion-proof valves (114) are arranged at intervals in the horizontal direction on the side wall of the battery box (110). The battery system comprises a plurality of smoke exhaust plates (4), and the plurality of smoke exhaust plates (4) are distributed at intervals in the horizontal direction to form a plurality of spaced smoke exhaust channels.

4. The battery system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The battery case (110) is provided with a liquid cooling plate, the liquid cooling plate having a flow channel for circulating a heat exchange medium, the battery unit (11) further comprising a liquid inlet pipe (1121), a liquid inlet socket (1122), a liquid outlet pipe (1123) and a liquid outlet socket (1124), the liquid inlet socket (1122) being provided on the top surface of the battery case (110), a portion of the liquid inlet pipe (1121) being provided inside the battery case (110) and connected to the liquid inlet socket (1122), and the remaining portion of the liquid inlet pipe (1121) passing through the bottom surface of the battery case (110) and extending to connect to the battery unit on the adjacent lower side. The liquid outlet socket (1124) is arranged on the top surface of the battery case (110); a portion of the liquid outlet pipe (1123) is arranged inside the battery case (110) and connected to the liquid outlet socket (1124); the remaining portion of the liquid outlet pipe (1123) passes through the bottom surface of the battery case (110) and extends out to be connected to the liquid outlet socket (1124) of the battery unit (11) on the adjacent lower side; the liquid inlet pipe (1121) is used to pass a heat exchange medium into the liquid cooling plate; and the liquid outlet pipe (1123) is used to discharge the heat exchange medium from the liquid cooling plate.

5. The battery system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The battery unit (11) further comprises an electrical plug (1131) and an electrical socket (1132); the electrical plug (1131) is arranged on the bottom surface of the battery case (110), and the electrical socket (1132) is arranged on the top surface of the battery case (110); the electrical plug (1131) is used to connect to the electrical socket (1132) of the battery unit (11) on the adjacent lower side to establish an electrical connection between two adjacent battery units (11).

6. The battery system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The battery unit further comprises a positioning column (1161) and a positioning hole (1162); the positioning column (1161) is arranged on the top surface of the battery box (110); the positioning hole (1162) is arranged on the bottom surface of the battery box (110); the positioning column (1161) is used to be inserted into the positioning hole (1162) of the battery unit (11) on the adjacent upper side.

7. The battery system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The battery unit (11) further comprises an upper connecting plate (1111) and a lower connecting plate (1112); the upper connecting plate (1111) is arranged at a position of the side wall close to the top surface of the battery box (110); the lower connecting plate (1112) is arranged at a position of the side wall close to the bottom surface of the battery box (110); the upper connecting plate (1111) and the lower connecting plate (1112) are located at the same position in the horizontal direction; the upper connecting plate (1111) is used to connect the lower connecting plate (1112) of the battery unit (11) on the adjacent upper side.

8. The battery system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also comprises an upper frame (2), the upper frame (2) being arranged on the top ends of the plurality of battery units (11), the upper frame (2) being used for hoisting.

9. The battery system according to claim 8, characterized in that: It also includes a heat management unit, which is arranged in the upper frame (2).

10. The battery system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also comprises a lower frame (3), wherein the lower frame (3) is arranged at the bottom ends of the plurality of battery units (11), and the lower frame (3) is used to carry and fix the plurality of battery units (11).

11. An engineering machine, characterized in that: It comprises a battery compartment and a battery system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the battery system is detachably installed in the battery compartment.

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