Velvet antler mushroom yield increasing agent and culture medium for cultivating Velvet antler mushroom

Abstract

The invention discloses a pilose antler mushroom yield increasing agent which comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 45-55% of northeast black soil, 25-35% of soybean meal, 15-20% of humic acid and 1-3% of monopotassium phosphate. The invention further discloses a culture medium for cultivating the pilose antler mushroom, the culture medium comprises the pilose antler mushroom yield increasing agent, and the mass ratio of the pilose antler mushroom yield increasing agent is 8-12%. After the pilose antler mushroom yield increasing agent is added, the hypha growth of the pilose antler mushroom can be well promoted, the yield of the pilose antler mushroom is well increased, and the pilose antler mushroom yield increasing agent has better economic value.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of velvet mushroom cultivation, and in particular to a velvet mushroom yield-increasing agent and a velvet mushroom cultivation culture medium. Background Art

[0002] Pilosa velvet is a nutritious mushroom with a unique taste. It is known as the "pearl among wild mushrooms". It is rich in nutrients such as protein, polysaccharides, vitamins and minerals. It has multiple health benefits such as anti-oxidation, anti-inflammatory and immune regulation, and is deeply loved by consumers. The cultivation cycle of ilveosa velvet is relatively long. It usually takes about 100 days to harvest the finished product. The cultivation of ilveosa velvet is generally carried out in two ways: bottle cultivation or bag cultivation. The ilveosa spores are connected to the prepared culture medium, and the appropriate temperature, humidity, carbon dioxide, light and other conditions are controlled to promote the growth and development of ilveosa velvet.

[0003] With the in-depth research and promotion of edible fungi, people's awareness of velvet mushroom is gradually increasing, the market demand continues to increase, and the cultivation of velvet mushroom shows a trend of steady growth year by year. Therefore, in the process of cultivation, how to increase the yield of velvet mushroom and reduce the cost of culture medium is the difficulty and focus of the research. In the existing technology, most of them stabilize the production of velvet mushroom and achieve a certain degree of yield increase by optimizing the culture conditions, such as adjusting the temperature, humidity, ventilation and light conditions, but the yield increase effect is limited; in addition, there are studies that screen the strains of velvet mushroom, select high-yield strains, and cultivate higher-yield varieties through breeding or genetic improvement. This method has a long research and development cycle, high research and development costs, and low success rate, and it is difficult to obtain ideal results in the short term. In order to reduce the cost of culture medium, most of the current technologies use discarded agricultural straw or byproducts such as sawdust, corn cobs, bagasse, cottonseed hulls, bran, etc. in the culture medium. However, in actual operation, although the cost of culture medium can be reduced to a certain extent, it is impossible to break through the yield bottleneck of velvet mushroom, and the application effect is not good. Therefore, the present invention aims to develop a yield-increasing agent for Pleurotus eryngii and a culture medium for Pleurotus eryngii cultivation to better meet practical needs. Summary of the invention

[0004] The technical problem solved by the present invention is to provide a pilose antler mushroom yield-increasing agent and a pilose antler mushroom cultivation medium, so as to achieve a significant increase in the yield of pilose antler mushroom and reduce the cost of raw materials.

[0005] The technical problem solved by the present invention is achieved by adopting the following technical solutions:

[0006] A yield-increasing agent for velvet antler mushrooms, wherein the mass percentages of the raw materials in the yield-increasing agent are: 45-55% of northeastern black soil, 25-35% of soybean meal, 15-20% of humic acid, and 1-3% of potassium dihydrogen phosphate.

[0007] Furthermore, the mass percentages of the raw materials in the yield-increasing agent are: 50% of Northeast black soil, 30% of soybean meal, 18% of humic acid, and 2% of potassium dihydrogen phosphate.

[0008] A culture medium for cultivating velvet antler mushroom comprises the velvet antler mushroom yield-increasing agent as described above.

[0009] In the culture medium for cultivating Pleurotus eryngii, the mass proportion of the Pleurotus eryngii yield-increasing agent in the culture medium is 8-12%.

[0010] Furthermore, in addition to the yield-increasing agent, the culture medium also includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-40 parts of sawdust, 20-30 parts of corn cobs, 8-12 parts of cottonseed hulls, 15-25 parts of bran, 3-8 parts of corn flour, 2-4 parts of soybean meal, and 1-3 parts of calcium carbonate, totaling 100 parts.

[0011] Furthermore, the invention comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 35 parts of sawdust, 25 parts of corn cobs, 10 parts of cottonseed hulls, 20 parts of bran, 5 parts of corn flour, 3 parts of soybean meal, and 2 parts of calcium carbonate, totaling 100 parts. In addition, 10 parts of yield-increasing agent are also included. In the yield-increasing agent, the mass proportion of each raw material is as follows: 50% of Northeast black soil, 30% of soybean meal, 18% of humic acid, and 2% of potassium dihydrogen phosphate.

[0012] Beneficial effects: The yield-increasing agent for velvet antler mushroom of the present invention has a wide range of raw materials, a scientific ratio, and is easy to use. The yield-increasing agent contains rich nitrogen sources and trace elements, and after being added, the culture medium of velvet antler mushroom can have better water retention, and has a good promoting effect on the mycelium growth of velvet antler mushroom. Finally, the mycelium grows fast, the mycelium is white and thick, the mycelium content is high, the mushrooms sprout quickly, the number is large, and they are neat and consistent, the mushroom stems are thick and solid, the mushroom caps are thick and not easy to open, the yield is high, and it is easy to use, and can be directly added to the culture medium matrix of velvet antler mushroom, and has a good promotion and application value. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 These are the product pictures and weighing pictures of Pleurotus eryngii in Example 1.

[0014] Figure 2 These are the product pictures and weighing pictures of Pleurotus eryngii in Example 2.

[0015] Figure 3 These are the product pictures and weighing pictures of Pleurotus eryngii in Example 3.

[0016] Figure 4 These are the product pictures and weighing pictures of Pleurotus eryngii in Control Example 1.

[0017] Figure 5 These are the product pictures and weighing pictures of Pleurotus eryngii in Control Example 2.

[0018] Figure 6These are the product pictures and weighing pictures of Pleurotus eryngii in Control Example 3.

[0019] Figure 7 These are the product pictures and weighing pictures of Pleurotus eryngii in Control Example 4. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] In order to make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects achieved by the present invention easy to understand, the present invention is further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0021] Example 1

[0022] The culture medium for cultivating Pleurotus eryngii described in this embodiment includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: 35 parts of sawdust, 25 parts of corn cobs, 10 parts of cottonseed hulls, 20 parts of bran, 5 parts of corn flour, 3 parts of soybean meal, and 2 parts of calcium carbonate, totaling 100 parts. In addition, it also includes 10 parts of yield-increasing agent, in which the mass proportion of each raw material is: 50% of Northeast black soil, 30% of soybean meal, 18% of humic acid, and 2% of potassium dihydrogen phosphate.

[0023] Weigh the raw materials required for preparing 1000 bags of culture medium for cultivating velvet antler mushrooms according to the proportion, put them into the blender and mix them evenly, then add water and stir for 45 minutes until the water content reaches 65%, adjust the pH to 9.2, and bag them. The polypropylene bag used for bagging has a circumference of 38cm and a length of 36cm. The height after bagging is 19CM and the weight is 1500g.

[0024] After bagging, sterilize at 123℃ for 120min, and inoculate after cooling. After inoculation, culture in a dark room at 24℃ and 75% humidity for about 70 days. After the mycelium is white and strong, move it to the scratching room, remove the ring cover, and then move it to the fruiting room to enter the fruiting stage. Strict fruiting management is required during the fruiting stage, with the temperature controlled at 17.5℃, humidity at 85%, light at 100 lux, and carbon dioxide at 2500ppM. Harvest after 28 days.

[0025] refer to Figure 1 As shown, the mycelium of the velvet antler mushroom produced in this embodiment grows fast, the mycelium is white and thick, the velvet antler mushroom sprouts quickly, the number is large, and the mushroom buds are uniform and neat, the mushroom stalk is thick and solid, and the mushroom cap is thick and not easy to open. Compared with the control example 4, the yield is increased by 15.2%.

[0026] Example 2

[0027] The culture medium for cultivating Pleurotus eryngii described in this embodiment includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30 parts of sawdust, 28 parts of corn cobs, 12 parts of cottonseed hulls, 15 parts of bran, 8 parts of corn flour, 4 parts of soybean meal, and 3 parts of calcium carbonate, totaling 100 parts. In addition, it also includes 12 parts of yield-increasing agents, in which the mass proportions of each raw material are: 45% of Northeast black soil, 35% of soybean meal, 17% of humic acid, and 3% of potassium dihydrogen phosphate.

[0028] Weigh the raw materials required for preparing 1000 bags of culture medium for cultivating velvet antler mushrooms according to the proportion, put them into the blender and mix them evenly, then add water and stir for 45 minutes until the water content reaches 65%, adjust the pH to 9.0, and bag them. The polypropylene bag used for bagging has a circumference of 38cm and a length of 36cm. The height after bagging is 19CM and the weight is 1500g.

[0029] After bagging, sterilize at 123℃ for 120min, and inoculate after cooling. After inoculation, culture in a dark room at 23℃ and 80% humidity for about 70 days. After the mycelium is white and strong, move it to the scratching room, remove the ring cover, and then move it to the fruiting room to enter the fruiting stage. Strict fruiting management is required during the fruiting stage, with the temperature controlled at 18℃, humidity 80%, light 100 lux, and carbon dioxide 2000ppM. Harvest after 29 days.

[0030] refer to Figure 2 As shown, the mycelium of the velvet antler mushroom produced in this embodiment grows fast, the mycelium is white and thick, the velvet antler mushroom sprouts quickly, the number is large, and the mushroom buds are uniform. The mushroom stalk is thick and solid, and the mushroom cap is thick and not easy to open. Compared with the control example 4, the yield is increased by 14.5%.

[0031] Example 3

[0032] The culture medium for cultivating Pleurotus eryngii described in this embodiment includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: 35 parts of sawdust, 35 parts of corn cobs, 8 parts of cottonseed hulls, 15 parts of bran, 3 parts of corn flour, 2 parts of soybean meal, and 2 parts of calcium carbonate, totaling 100 parts. In addition, it also includes 8 parts of yield-increasing agents, in which the mass proportions of each raw material are: 55% of Northeast black soil, 25% of soybean meal, 19% of humic acid, and 1% of potassium dihydrogen phosphate.

[0033] Weigh the raw materials required for preparing 1000 bags of culture medium for cultivating velvet antler mushrooms according to the proportion, put them into the blender and mix them evenly, then add water and stir for 45 minutes until the water content reaches 65%, adjust the pH to 9.0, and bag them. The polypropylene bag used for bagging has a circumference of 38cm and a length of 36cm. The height after bagging is 19CM and the weight is 1500g.

[0034] After bagging, sterilize at 123℃ for 120min, and inoculate after cooling. After inoculation, culture in a dark room at 25℃ and 70-80% humidity for about 70 days. After the mycelium is white and strong, move it to the scratching room, remove the ring cover, and then move it to the fruiting room to enter the fruiting stage. Strict fruiting management is required during the fruiting stage, with the temperature controlled at 17℃, humidity at 90%, light at 100 lux, and carbon dioxide at 3000ppM. Harvest after 28 days.

[0035] refer to Figure 3 As shown, the mycelium of the velvet antler mushroom produced in this embodiment grows fast, the mycelium is white and thick, the velvet antler mushroom sprouts quickly, the number is large, and the mushroom buds are uniform. The mushroom stalk is thick and solid, and the mushroom cap is thick and not easy to open. Compared with the control example 4, the yield is increased by 15.5%.

[0036] Comparative Example 1

[0037] The culture medium for cultivating Pleurotus eryngii described in this control example includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: 35 parts of sawdust, 25 parts of corn cobs, 10 parts of cottonseed hulls, 20 parts of bran, 5 parts of corn flour, 3 parts of soybean meal, and 2 parts of calcium carbonate, totaling 100 parts. In addition, it also includes 20 parts of yield-increasing agent, in which the mass proportion of each raw material is: 50% of Northeast black soil, 30% of soybean meal, 18% of humic acid, and 2% of potassium dihydrogen phosphate.

[0038] Weigh the raw materials required for preparing 1000 bags of culture medium for cultivating velvet antler mushrooms according to the proportion, put them into the blender and mix them evenly, then add water and stir for 45 minutes until the water content reaches 65%, adjust the pH to 9.2, and bag them. The polypropylene bag used for bagging has a circumference of 38cm and a length of 36cm. The height after bagging is 19CM and the weight is 1500g.

[0039] After bagging, sterilize at 123℃ for 120min, and inoculate after cooling. After inoculation, culture in a dark room at 24℃ and 75% humidity for about 70 days. After the mycelium is white and strong, move it to the scratching room, remove the ring cover, and then move it to the fruiting room to enter the fruiting stage. Strict fruiting management is required during the fruiting stage, with the temperature controlled at 17.5℃, humidity at 85%, light at 100 lux, and carbon dioxide at 2500ppM. Harvest after 28 days.

[0040] refer to Figure 4 As shown, the mycelium of Pleurotus eryngii produced in this embodiment grows slowly, the mycelium is uneven in thickness, the mushroom sprouting speed of Pleurotus eryngii is uneven, the thickness of the mushroom cap is different, and the actual cultivation is extremely unsatisfactory. This shows that in the present invention, the control of the addition amount of the yield-increasing agent is extremely critical. Adding excessive yield-increasing agent not only fails to increase production, but also inhibits the healthy growth of Pleurotus eryngii.

[0041] Comparative Example 2

[0042] The culture medium for cultivating Pleurotus eryngii described in this control example includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: 35 parts of sawdust, 25 parts of corn cobs, 10 parts of cottonseed hulls, 20 parts of bran, 5 parts of corn flour, 3 parts of soybean meal, and 2 parts of calcium carbonate, totaling 100 parts. In addition, it also includes 10 parts of yield-increasing agent, in which the mass proportion of each raw material is: 68% of Northeast black soil, 30% of soybean meal, and 2% of potassium dihydrogen phosphate.

[0043] Weigh the raw materials required for preparing 1000 bags of culture medium for cultivating velvet antler mushrooms according to the proportion, put them into the blender and mix them evenly, then add water and stir for 45 minutes until the water content reaches 65%, adjust the pH to 9.2, and bag them. The polypropylene bag used for bagging has a circumference of 38cm and a length of 36cm. The height after bagging is 19CM and the weight is 1500g.

[0044] After bagging, sterilize at 123℃ for 120min, and inoculate after cooling. After inoculation, culture in a dark room at 24℃ and 75% humidity for about 70 days. After the mycelium is white and strong, move it to the scratching room, remove the ring cover, and then move it to the fruiting room to enter the fruiting stage. Strict fruiting management is required during the fruiting stage, with the temperature controlled at 17.5℃, humidity at 85%, light at 100 lux, and carbon dioxide at 2500ppM. Harvest after 28 days.

[0045] refer to Figure 5 As shown, the mycelium of Pleurotus eryngii produced in this embodiment grows faster, the mycelium is white and thick, the erythrocytes sprout quickly, the number is large, and the mushrooms are uniform and neat, the mushroom stalks are thick and solid, and the mushroom caps are thick and not easy to open. However, the yield is the same as that of Control Example 4, and the yield-increasing effect is not good, indicating that the formula research and development of the yield-increasing agent is difficult. When the raw materials of the yield-increasing agent are improperly selected and the configuration is unreasonable, the established yield-increasing effect cannot be achieved.

[0046] Comparative Example 3

[0047] The culture medium for cultivating Pleurotus eryngii described in this embodiment includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: 35 parts of sawdust, 25 parts of corn cobs, 10 parts of cottonseed hulls, 20 parts of bran, 5 parts of corn flour, 3 parts of soybean meal, and 2 parts of calcium carbonate, totaling 100 parts. In addition, it also includes 10 parts of yield-increasing agent, in which the mass proportion of each raw material is: 60% of loess, 10% of soybean meal, 25% of humic acid, and 5% of potassium dihydrogen phosphate.

[0048] Weigh the raw materials required for preparing 1000 bags of culture medium for cultivating velvet antler mushrooms according to the proportion, put them into the blender and mix them evenly, then add water and stir for 45 minutes until the water content reaches 65%, adjust the pH to 9.2, and bag them. The polypropylene bag used for bagging has a circumference of 38cm and a length of 36cm. The height after bagging is 19CM and the weight is 1500g.

[0049] After bagging, sterilize at 123℃ for 120min, and inoculate after cooling. After inoculation, culture in a dark room at 24℃ and 75% humidity for about 70 days. After the mycelium is white and strong, move it to the scratching room, remove the ring cover, and then move it to the fruiting room to enter the fruiting stage. Strict fruiting management is required during the fruiting stage, with the temperature controlled at 17.5℃, humidity at 85%, light at 100 lux, and carbon dioxide at 2500ppM. Harvest after 28 days.

[0050] refer to Figure 6 As shown, in this control example, the mycelium of Pleurotus eryngii grows faster, the mycelium is white and thick, the mushrooms sprout quickly, the number is large, and they are uniform, the mushroom stalks are thick and solid, and the mushroom caps are thick and not easy to open. However, the yield is the same as that of Control Example 4, and the yield-increasing effect is not good. This further illustrates that the formula research and development of the yield-increasing agent is a difficulty and focus. When the raw materials of the yield-increasing agent are improperly selected and the configuration is unreasonable, it is obviously impossible to achieve the established yield-increasing effect.

[0051] Comparative Example 4

[0052] The culture medium for cultivating Pleurotus eryngii described in this control example includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: 35 parts of sawdust, 25 parts of corn cobs, 10 parts of cottonseed hulls, 20 parts of bran, 5 parts of corn flour, 3 parts of soybean meal, and 2 parts of calcium carbonate, totaling 100 parts.

[0053] Weigh the raw materials required for preparing 1000 bags of culture medium for cultivating velvet antler mushrooms according to the proportion, put them into the blender and mix them evenly, then add water and stir for 45 minutes until the water content reaches 65%, adjust the pH to 9.2, and bag them. The polypropylene bag used for bagging has a circumference of 38cm and a length of 36cm. The height after bagging is 19CM and the weight is 1500g.

[0054] After bagging, sterilize at 123℃ for 120min, and inoculate after cooling. After inoculation, culture in a dark room at 24℃ and 75% humidity for about 70 days. After the mycelium is white and strong, move it to the scratching room, remove the ring cover, and then move it to the fruiting room to enter the fruiting stage. Strict fruiting management is required during the fruiting stage, with the temperature controlled at 17.5℃, humidity at 85%, light at 100 lux, and carbon dioxide at 2500ppM. Harvest after 28 days.

[0055] refer to Figure 7 As shown, in this control example, the yield-increasing agent described in the present invention is not added, but the traditional culture medium is used for the production of Pelvis Cervicornis. The mycelium growth rate of the obtained Pelvis Cervicornis is average, the mycelium is white, thick and thin, the Pelvis Cervicornis sprouts quickly, the number is large, the uniformity is good, the mushroom stem is thick and solid, the mushroom cap is mostly thick and not easy to open, and the average yield of Pelvis Cervicornis is 552.15g / bag.

[0056] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and the above embodiments and descriptions are only for explaining the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, which fall within the scope of the present invention to be protected. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A yield-increasing agent for Pleurotus eryngii, characterized in that: The mass percentages of the raw materials in the yield-increasing agent are: 45-55% of northeastern black soil, 25-35% of soybean meal, 15-20% of humic acid, and 1-3% of potassium dihydrogen phosphate.

2. The yield-increasing agent of Pleurotus eryngii according to claim 1, characterized in that The mass percentages of the raw materials in the yield-increasing agent are: 50% of northeastern black soil, 30% of soybean meal, 18% of humic acid, and 2% of potassium dihydrogen phosphate.

3. A culture medium for cultivating Pleurotus eryngii, characterized in that: The invention comprises the Pleurotus eryngii yield-increasing agent as claimed in claim 1 or 2.

4. The culture medium for cultivating Pleurotus eryngii according to claim 3, characterized in that: The mass proportion of the velvet antler mushroom yield-increasing agent in the culture medium is 8-12%.

5. The culture medium for cultivating Pleurotus eryngii according to claim 4, characterized in that: In addition to the yield-increasing agent, the culture medium also includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-40 parts of sawdust, 20-30 parts of corn cobs, 8-12 parts of cottonseed hulls, 15-25 parts of bran, 3-8 parts of corn flour, 2-4 parts of soybean meal, and 1-3 parts of calcium carbonate, totaling 100 parts.

6. The culture medium for cultivating Pleurotus eryngii according to claim 5, characterized in that: The invention comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 35 parts of sawdust, 25 parts of corn cobs, 10 parts of cottonseed hulls, 20 parts of bran, 5 parts of corn flour, 3 parts of soybean meal, and 2 parts of calcium carbonate, totaling 100 parts. In addition, 10 parts of yield-increasing agent are also included. The mass proportion of each raw material in the yield-increasing agent is as follows: 50% of Northeast black soil, 30% of soybean meal, 18% of humic acid, and 2% of potassium dihydrogen phosphate.

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