Machining positioning device and machining system for symmetrical holes in cover body

Abstract

The invention discloses a machining positioning device and a machining system for symmetrical holes in a cover body. The device comprises a drill plate; the drill plate is in contact with the upper side plane of the speed reduction shell blank which is horizontally placed; the transverse middle part of the upper side of the drill plate is connected with the lower side of the clamping fence; special-shaped positioning columns are arranged at the front ends of the clamping fences in a downward protruding manner; a fence plate is arranged at the rear end of the clamping fence in a downward protruding manner; the breast board is in threaded connection with the knurled screw; a first plug pin hole and a second plug pin hole are formed in the positions, corresponding to a second workpiece screw mounting hole and a third screw mounting hole of the speed reduction shell blank, of the left end and the right end of the drill plate correspondingly; bolts are respectively inserted into the first bolt hole and the second bolt hole; left and right ends of the drill plate are respectively provided with a pair of drill bushing mounting holes; and a drill bushing is arranged in the drill bushing mounting hole. By means of the method, the speed reduction shell blank to be machined can be conveniently and reliably positioned, the positioning precision is guaranteed, symmetrical hole machining operation can be further conducted on the speed reduction shell blank, and the machining quality is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of mechanical processing, and in particular to a processing positioning device and a processing system for symmetrical holes on a cover body. Background Art

[0002] See also Figure 2a to Figure 2c As shown, the reduction housing 1 is a protective cover of the reducer. A finished reduction housing 1 includes a disc-shaped cover body 10. A first lug 101 is provided at the front end of the cover body 10. A second lug 102 and a third lug 103 are provided on the left and right sides of the cover body 10 at a position where the interval angle between the first lug 101 is 120° (i.e., the interval is 120° at the central angle of the circle).

[0003] A first screw mounting hole 104 is provided at the center of the first lug 101, a second screw mounting hole 105 is provided at the center of the second lug 102, and a third screw mounting hole 106 is provided at the center of the third lug 103;

[0004] The cover plate body 10 of the reduction housing 1 is provided with four symmetrical holes 107 symmetrically and vertically distributed in the central area between the second lug 102 and the third lug 103, and a square boss 108 is provided on the top right front side of the reduction housing 1;

[0005] See also Figure 2b As shown, the four symmetrical holes 107 are distributed in rotational symmetry, and the centers of the four symmetrical holes 107 are the four vertices of a rectangle;

[0006] See also Figure 2b As shown, the cover plate body 10 has a cover plate longitudinal center line Y0 distributed transversely, and the cover plate body 10 has a cover plate transverse center line X0 distributed longitudinally;

[0007] The longitudinal spacing between any two symmetrical holes 107 in the longitudinal direction is Y, and a first longitudinal center line Y between the holes is arranged in the middle of the two holes. 孔 The lateral spacing between any two symmetrical holes 107 in the lateral direction is X, and there is a longitudinally distributed first inter-hole horizontal midline X between the middle positions of the two holes. 孔 ;

[0008] The horizontal center line between the first holes X 孔 It is the same straight line as the horizontal center line X0 of the cover plate, and the two coincide with each other.

[0009] The longitudinal center line Y between the first holes 孔 Parallel to the longitudinal center line Y0 of the cover plate of the finished reduction housing 1;

[0010] The longitudinal center line Y between the first holes 孔The longitudinal distance between the longitudinal center line Y0 of the cover plate is Y1 (a known fixed value), that is, the longitudinal center line Y0 of the cover plate is translated backward by a distance Y1 to obtain the longitudinal center line Y 孔 .

[0011] A truncated cone 111 with a diameter of D protruding from the upper plane of the cover plate body 10 is provided at the center of the cover plate body 10 of the reduction housing 1. A first shaft hole 109 with a diameter of B and a second bearing hole 110 with a diameter of A are provided at the center of the truncated cone 111 from top to bottom. The diameter A is greater than the diameter B. The machining accuracy requirement of the second bearing hole 110 is higher than that of the first shaft hole 109. The thickness dimension of the first shaft hole 109 is M.

[0012] See also Figure 1a to Figure 1b As shown, in order to process four symmetrical holes 107 on the reduction housing blank 1-0 to obtain the finished reduction housing 1 (the reduction housing blank 1-0 is basically the same as the finished reduction housing 1, the only difference is that there is no symmetrical hole 107, and the rest are the same), the processing technology requires: positioning with the second bearing hole 110 and the second screw mounting hole 105 and the third screw mounting hole 106 to ensure that the symmetrical holes 107 to be processed are centered and symmetrical, and then the symmetrical holes 107 are processed.

[0013] However, since the first axial hole 109, which has a smaller diameter than the second bearing hole 110, is on the outside (i.e., the upper side), the second bearing hole 110 on the inner side (i.e., the lower side) cannot be positioned using a commonly used round shaft, and the size tolerances of the screw mounting holes at the second lug 102 and the third lug 103 are relatively large. Using a commonly used round shaft to position the screw mounting holes will not only cause over-positioning due to the positioning of the three holes (i.e., the second bearing hole 110, the second screw mounting hole 105, and the third screw mounting hole 106), but will also result in poor positioning accuracy between the processed holes (i.e., the four symmetrical holes 107) and the reference holes (i.e., the three positioning holes), ultimately leading to processing failure, resulting in scrap, and causing serious economic losses.

[0014] Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a technology that can solve the above technical problems. Summary of the invention

[0015] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a processing and positioning device and a processing system for symmetrical holes on a cover body in view of the technical defects in the prior art.

[0016] To this end, the present invention provides a processing and positioning device and processing system for symmetrical holes on a cover body, which includes: a drilling template, a clamping bar, a knurled screw, a special-shaped positioning column, a drill sleeve and a latch;

[0017] The transversely distributed drilling template contacts the upper side plane of the horizontally placed speed reducer housing blank to be processed;

[0018] The middle part of the upper side of the drilling template is connected to the lower side of the clamping rail;

[0019] A special-shaped positioning column is provided at the front end of the clamping bar so as to protrude downward;

[0020] The special-shaped positioning column is used to pass through the original first shaft hole on the reduction housing blank and extend into the second bearing hole;

[0021] A vertically distributed guardrail is provided at the rear end of the guardrail so as to protrude downward;

[0022] The center position of the guardrail is threadedly connected with the longitudinally distributed knurled screws;

[0023] The front end of the knurled screw is in contact with the rear side of the cover plate body of the reduction housing blank, and the special-shaped positioning column at the front end of the fence moves backward by performing a tightening operation, so that the special-shaped positioning column abuts against the inner side of the second bearing hole;

[0024] Wherein, the left and right ends of the drilling template are respectively vertically penetrated with a first latch hole and a second latch hole at positions corresponding to the second workpiece screw mounting hole and the third screw mounting hole on the reduction housing blank;

[0025] The first latch hole and the second latch hole are respectively used to insert a latch;

[0026] Two latches, used to pass through the first latch hole and the second latch hole, and to be inserted into the second screw mounting hole and the third screw mounting hole on the cover plate body of the reduction housing blank at corresponding positions;

[0027] Wherein, a pair of drill sleeve mounting holes are respectively provided at the left and right ends of the drilling template;

[0028] A vertically distributed drill sleeve is respectively arranged in each drill sleeve installation hole.

[0029] In addition, the present invention also provides a system for machining symmetrical holes on a cover body, which comprises the system for machining symmetrical holes on a cover body as described above, and a bench drill;

[0030] The bench drill is used to process the positions directly below the drill sleeve holes of the four drill sleeves on the reduction housing blank in sequence through the drill bit thereon, so as to obtain four symmetrical holes.

[0031] It can be seen from the technical solution provided by the present invention above that, compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a processing and positioning device and processing system for symmetrical holes on a cover body, which has a scientific structural design and can conveniently and reliably position the reduction housing blank to be processed and ensure the positioning accuracy, thereby facilitating further accurate processing operations of the four symmetrical holes on the workpiece to be processed (i.e., the reduction housing blank) to ensure the quality of processing, and has great practical significance.

[0032] By applying the present invention, the problem of machining symmetrically distributed holes on the cover body (i.e., the reduction housing) existing in the prior art can be solved. The present invention is convenient and fast in loading and unloading workpieces and has high machining accuracy, which significantly improves work efficiency and the position accuracy of the holes to be machined. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1a : The front view of the workpiece to be processed (i.e. the reduction housing blank);

[0034] Figure 1b : A top view of the workpiece to be processed (i.e., the reduction housing blank);

[0035] Figure 2a : Front view of the reduction housing after processing;

[0036] Figure 2b : Top view of the reduction housing after processing;

[0037] Figure 2c : The rear view of the reduction housing after processing;

[0038] Figure 3 : A three-dimensional view of a processing and positioning device for symmetrical holes on a cover body provided by the present invention when viewed from top to bottom;

[0039] Figure 4 : A three-dimensional view of a processing and positioning device for symmetrical holes on a cover body provided by the present invention when viewed from bottom to top;

[0040] Figure 5a : A top view of a use state of a processing and positioning device for symmetrical holes on a cover body provided by the present invention;

[0041] Figure 5b : A left view of a processing and positioning device for symmetrical holes on a cover body provided by the present invention;

[0042] Figure 6 : A three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a use state of a processing and positioning device for symmetrical holes on a cover body provided by the present invention;

[0043] Figure 7 : A top view of a drilling template in a machining and positioning device for symmetrical holes on a cover body provided by the present invention;

[0044] Figure 8 : A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a drilling template in a processing and positioning device for symmetrical holes on a cover body provided by the present invention;

[0045] Figure 9a : A top view of a clamping bar in a processing and positioning device for symmetrical holes on a cover body provided by the present invention;

[0046] Figure 9b : A left view of the clamping bar in a processing and positioning device for symmetrical holes on a cover body provided by the present invention;

[0047] Fig.9c : A bottom view of a clamping bar in a processing and positioning device for symmetrical holes on a cover body provided by the present invention;

[0048] Fig.10 : A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the clamping bar in a processing and positioning device for symmetrical holes on a cover body provided by the present invention;

[0049] Fig.11 : A structural schematic diagram of a knurled screw in a machining and positioning device for symmetrical holes on a cover provided by the present invention;

[0050] Fig.12a : A top view of a special-shaped positioning column in a processing and positioning device for a symmetrical hole on a cover body provided by the present invention;

[0051] Figure 12b : A left view of a special-shaped positioning column in a processing and positioning device for symmetrical holes on a cover body provided by the present invention;

[0052] Fig.13 : A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a special-shaped positioning column in a processing and positioning device for a symmetrical hole on a cover body provided by the present invention;

[0053] Fig.14 : A cross-sectional view of a drill sleeve in a machining and positioning device for symmetrical holes on a cover body provided by the present invention;

[0054] Fig.15 : A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a tapered shaft in a machining and positioning device for symmetrical holes on a cover provided by the present invention;

[0055] In the figure, 1, reduction housing; 1-0, reduction housing blank;

[0056] 101, first lug, 102, second lug, 103, third lug, 104, first screw mounting hole, 105, second screw mounting hole;

[0057] 106, third screw mounting hole, 107, symmetrical hole, 108, square boss, 109, first shaft hole, 110, second bearing hole, 111, round table;

[0058] 2. Drill template;

[0059] 201, a screw hole for mounting the clamp, 202, a drill sleeve mounting hole, 203, a first latch hole, 204, a second latch hole;

[0060] 3. Card bar;

[0061] 301, special-shaped positioning column mounting hole, 302, arc surface, 303, card slot, 304, lower side of the card rail, 305, railing;

[0062] 306, third screw hole, 307, positioning column mounting surface, 308, clamping rail mounting hole;

[0063] Knurled screw 4;

[0064] Special-shaped positioning column 5;

[0065] 501, mounting shaft, 502, shaft, 503, triangular shaft, 504, first positioning cambered surface, 505, second positioning cambered surface;

[0066] Drill sleeve 6;

[0067] 601, drill sleeve hole; latch 7; 701, handle; 702, pin shaft; 703, tapered shaft;

[0068] 8. Tighten the screws; 10. Cover body. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0069] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0070] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0071] In the description of this patent, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", and "set" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be fixedly connected or set, or it can be detachably connected or set, or connected or set in one piece. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this patent can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0072] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0073] See also Figure 1a to Figure 1b , Figure 2a to Figure 2c , Figure 3 to Figure 4 , Figure 5a To Figure b, Figures 6 to 8 , Figures 9a to 9c , Figure 10 to Figure 11 , Figure 12a to Figure 12b ,as well as Figures 13 to 15 The present invention provides a machining and positioning device for symmetrical holes on a cover body, comprising: a drilling template 2, a clamping bar 3, a knurled screw 4, a special-shaped positioning column 5, a drilling sleeve 6 and a latch 7;

[0074] The transversely distributed drilling template 2 contacts the upper side plane of the horizontally placed speed reducer housing blank 1-0 to be processed;

[0075] The middle part of the upper side of the drilling template 2 is connected to the lower side of the clamping fence 3;

[0076] A special-shaped positioning column 5 is provided at the front end of the clamping rail 3 so as to protrude downward;

[0077] The special-shaped positioning column 5 is used to pass through the original first shaft hole 109 on the reduction housing blank 1-0 and extend into the second bearing hole 110;

[0078] A vertically distributed guardrail 305 is provided at the rear end of the guardrail 3 so as to protrude downward;

[0079] The center position of the guardrail 305 is threadedly connected with the longitudinally distributed knurled screws 4;

[0080] The front end of the knurled screw 4 is in contact with the rear side of the cover plate body 10 of the speed reduction housing blank 1-0. By performing the tightening operation, the special-shaped positioning column 5 at the front end of the fence 30 moves backward, so that the special-shaped positioning column 5 (specifically, the first positioning arc surface 504 and the second positioning arc surface 505 thereon) abuts against the inner side of the second bearing hole 110 (i.e., it is in close contact); thus, positioning is achieved by the second bearing hole 110;

[0081] The left and right ends of the drilling template 2 are respectively vertically penetrated with a first latch hole 203 and a second latch hole 204 at positions corresponding to the second workpiece screw mounting hole 105 and the third screw mounting hole 106 on the reduction housing blank 1-0 to be processed;

[0082] The first plug hole 203 and the second plug hole 204 are respectively used to insert a plug 7;

[0083] Two latch pins 7 are used to pass through the first latch pin hole 203 and the second latch pin hole 204, and are inserted into the second screw mounting hole 105 and the third screw mounting hole 106 on the cover plate body 10 of the reduction housing blank 1-0 at corresponding positions; thus, positioning is achieved by the second screw mounting hole 105 and the third screw mounting hole 106;

[0084] Wherein, a pair of drill sleeve mounting holes 202 are respectively provided at the left and right ends of the drilling template 2;

[0085] The two pairs of drill sleeve mounting holes 202 are symmetrically distributed;

[0086] A vertically distributed drill sleeve 6 is disposed in each drill sleeve mounting hole 202;

[0087] A hollow, vertically distributed drill sleeve hole 601 is provided at the center of the drill sleeve 6 .

[0088] In the present invention, in specific implementation, the drilling template 2 is a bilaterally symmetrical thin plate workpiece;

[0089] In the present invention, in a specific implementation, the width dimension between the front and rear end surfaces of the drilling template 2 is H;

[0090] Two bracket installation screw holes 201 are vertically provided in the middle of the drilling template 2 and are spaced apart from each other.

[0091] In order to obtain a symmetrical hole combination consisting of four symmetrical holes 107 on the reduction housing blank 1-0 through a drill sleeve hole combination consisting of four drill sleeve holes 601, the specific requirements are as follows:

[0092] First, the shape of the drill sleeve hole combination consisting of four drill sleeve holes 601 is required to be consistent with the shape of the symmetrical hole combination consisting of four symmetrical holes 107. The specific design requirements are:

[0093] The four drill sleeve holes 601 are distributed in rotational symmetry, and the centers of the four drill sleeve holes 601 are the four vertices of a rectangle;

[0094] The shape and size of the rectangle are completely consistent with the shape and size of the rectangle formed by connecting the centers of the four symmetrical holes 107 to be processed in sequence;

[0095] The diameter of the drill sleeve hole 601 is the same as the diameter of the symmetrical hole 107;

[0096] The longitudinal distance between any two drill sleeve mounting holes 202 of the drill template 2 in the longitudinal direction is Y′, and Y′ is equal to the longitudinal distance Y between any two drill sleeve mounting holes 202 in the longitudinal direction on the finished reduction housing 1;

[0097] The lateral spacing between any two drill sleeve mounting holes 202 of the drill template 2 in the lateral direction is X′, and X′ is equal to the lateral spacing X between any two symmetrical holes 107 in the lateral direction on the finished reduction housing 1;

[0098] Second, determine the horizontal position of the drill sleeve hole combination consisting of four drill sleeve holes 601. The specific design requirements are:

[0099] The drilling template 2 is located in the middle between any two drill sleeve mounting holes 202 in the horizontal direction, and has a second longitudinally distributed horizontal center line X′ between the holes. 孔 ;

[0100] The horizontal center line X′ between the second holes of the drilling template 2 孔 , and is aligned vertically with the longitudinally distributed cover transverse centerline X0′ on the cover body 10 of the reduction housing blank 1-0, that is, they are located on the same longitudinally distributed vertical plane; at the same time, the longitudinally distributed cover transverse centerline X0′ on the cover body 10 of the reduction housing blank 1-0 is the same straight line as the cover transverse centerline X0 on the cover body 10 of the reduction housing 1.

[0101] It should be noted that the center point of the two bracket mounting screw holes 201 is located at the horizontal center line X′ between the second holes of the drilling template 2. 孔 superior.

[0102] It should be noted that since the reduction housing blank 1-0 is basically the same as the finished reduction housing 1, the only difference is that there are no four symmetrical holes 107, and the rest are the same. Therefore, the horizontal center line X0′ of the cover plate on the cover plate body 10 of the reduction housing blank 1-0 is the same straight line as the horizontal center line X0 of the cover plate on the cover plate body 10 of the reduction housing 1, and the two coincide.

[0103] Third, determine the horizontal and longitudinal positions of the drill sleeve hole combination consisting of four drill sleeve holes 601. The specific design requirements are:

[0104] The drilling template 2 is located in the middle between any two drill sleeve mounting holes 202 in the longitudinal direction, and has a second longitudinal center line Y′ distributed transversely between the holes. 孔 ;

[0105] When the front end of the knurled screw 4 is in tight contact with the rear side of the cover plate body 10 of the reduction housing blank 1-0, the longitudinal center line Y′ between the second holes on the drilling template 2 孔 The distance between the transversely distributed vertical plane where the cover plate is located and the transversely distributed vertical plane where the longitudinal center line Y0′ of the cover plate main body 10 of the speed reduction housing blank 1-0 is located is Y1′;

[0106] Y1′, equal to the longitudinal center line Y between the first holes on the finished reduction housing 1 孔 The longitudinal spacing Y1 between the longitudinal centerline Y0 of the cover plate (which is a known fixed value), that is, for the present invention, the longitudinal centerline Y0′ of the cover plate body 10 of the reduction housing blank 1-0 is translated backward by a distance Y1′, and the longitudinal centerline Y′ between the second holes can be obtained. 孔 .

[0107] It should be noted that since the reduction housing blank 1-0 is basically the same as the finished reduction housing 1, the only difference is that there are no four symmetrical holes 107, and the rest are the same. Therefore, the longitudinal center line Y0′ of the cover plate on the cover plate body 10 of the reduction housing blank 1-0 is the same straight line as the longitudinal center line Y0 of the cover plate on the cover plate body 10 of the reduction housing 1, and the two coincide.

[0108] Therefore, based on the above design, for the present invention, after the workpiece to be processed (i.e., the reduction housing blank 1-0) is clamped in the device of the present invention, the horizontal center line X′ between the second holes of the drilling template 2 of the device of the present invention is 孔 The cover plate transverse center line X0′ having a longitudinal distribution on the cover plate main body 10 of the reduction housing blank 1-0 is aligned up and down and located on the same vertical plane.

[0109] In the present invention, in a specific implementation, a positioning column mounting surface 307 is provided at the lower side of the front end of the clamping bar 3;

[0110] A special-shaped positioning column mounting hole 301 is provided at the center of the front end of the clamping rail 3;

[0111] The special-shaped positioning column mounting hole 301 is connected to the upper end of the special-shaped positioning column 5 (for example, by snap connection or threaded connection, specifically, to the mounting shaft 501);

[0112] A card slot 303 which is recessed upward is provided at the lower middle part of the card rail 3;

[0113] See also Fig.10As shown, the lower side surface 304 of the clamping bar 3 is provided with an arc surface 302 at a position between the positioning column installation hole 301 and the drilling template clamping groove 303;

[0114] In specific implementation, the width dimension H′ of the slot 303 is equal to the width dimension H between the front and rear end surfaces of the drilling template 2;

[0115] In specific implementation, the clamping bar 3 is fixedly connected to the drilling template 2 by two fastening screws 8;

[0116] The clamping bar 3 is provided with two clamping bar installation holes 308 at positions corresponding to the two clamping bar installation screw holes 201 on the drilling template 2;

[0117] After the fastening screw 8 penetrates the clamping bar installation hole 308 from top to bottom, it is threadedly fixedly connected with the clamping bar installation hole 308 (which is an internal threaded hole) at the corresponding position.

[0118] In a specific implementation, the arc surface 302 is concentric with the positioning column mounting hole 301 and has a radius of R;

[0119] The radius R of the arc surface 302 is larger than half of the diameter D of the truncated cone 111 on the upper side of the reduction housing blank 1 - 0 , specifically: larger by 2 mm, that is, R=D / 2+2 mm;

[0120] It should be noted that since the reduction housing blank 1-0 is provided with a cone 111 protruding from the upper plane, the purpose of setting the arc surface 302 is to make room for accommodating the cone 111. In order to ensure that there is sufficient accommodating space, the radius R of the arc surface 302 is required to be larger than half the diameter D of the cone 111 on the upper side of the reduction housing blank 1-0.

[0121] In the present invention, in a specific implementation, a third screw hole 306 is vertically penetrated through the center position of the fence 305;

[0122] The third screw hole 306 is threadedly connected to the knurled screw 4 .

[0123] In the present invention, in specific implementation, the special-shaped positioning column 5 is a special-shaped stepped shaft-shaped workpiece;

[0124] The special-shaped positioning column 5 includes a triangular shaft 503;

[0125] A cylindrical shaft shoulder 502 is provided on the upper front end of the triangular shaft 503;

[0126] The thickness dimension M′ of the shaft shoulder 502 is 1 mm larger than the thickness dimension M of the first shaft hole 109;

[0127] A vertically distributed mounting shaft 501 is provided at the top center of the shaft shoulder 502;

[0128] The mounting shaft 501 is connected to the special-shaped positioning column mounting hole 301 at the front end of the clamping fence 3 (for example, clamped or threaded);

[0129] In a specific implementation, the size of the shaft shoulder 502 is larger than the size of the mounting shaft 501 and smaller than the diameter B of the first shaft hole 109 .

[0130] It should be noted that in the present invention, the function of the shoulder 502 is to limit the triangular shaft 503 to a position with a size M′ away from the positioning column mounting surface 307, and when the first positioning arc surface 504 and the second positioning arc surface 505 of the triangular shaft 503 are positioned against the second bearing hole 110, the connection with the first shaft hole 109 will not affect the positioning.

[0131] In specific implementation, the left and right end surfaces of the triangular shaft 503 are respectively provided with a first positioning arc surface 504 and a second positioning arc surface 505;

[0132] The first positioning arc surface 504 and the second positioning arc surface 505 are axially symmetrically distributed (i.e. bilaterally symmetrical);

[0133] The axis of the installation shaft 501 is located on the symmetry axis of the first positioning arc surface 504 and the second positioning arc surface 505 .

[0134] It should be noted that the first positioning arc surface 504 and the second positioning arc surface 505 are symmetrically distributed about the axis of the mounting shaft 501 .

[0135] In a specific implementation, the first positioning arc surface 504 and the second positioning arc surface 505 are simultaneously inscribed in a circle with the axis of the installation shaft 501 as the center and a diameter of A′;

[0136] The diameter A′ is equal to the diameter A of the second bearing hole 110;

[0137] In specific implementation, the diameter B′ of the circumscribed circle of the triangular shaft 503 is smaller than the diameter B of the first shaft hole 109 , so that the special-shaped positioning column 5 can pass through the first shaft hole 109 ;

[0138] It should be noted that the circumscribed circle of the triangular shaft 503 is a circle with the axis of the triangular shaft 503 as the center, and the first positioning arc surface 504 and the second positioning arc surface 505 are both inscribed in the circle;

[0139] Fig.12a In the figure, the circumscribed circle of the triangular shaft 503 refers to the circle ' that is tangent to both the first positioning arc surface 504 and the second positioning arc surface 505 of the triangular shaft 503. If the diameter B' of the circumscribed circle is larger than the diameter B of the first shaft hole 109, the triangular shaft 503 cannot pass through the first shaft hole 109, and thus cannot position the second bearing hole 110. Therefore, the present invention requires that the diameter B' of the circumscribed circle be smaller than the diameter B of the first shaft hole 109.

[0140] In the present invention, the specific implementation is as follows: Fig.15 As shown, a handle 701 is provided on the upper part of the vertically distributed latch 7;

[0141] A pin shaft 702 is provided in the middle of the latch 7;

[0142] The pin shaft 702 is used to be inserted into the first pin hole 203 or the second pin hole 204 on the drilling template 2;

[0143] It should be noted that the pin shaft 702 is matched and connected with the first pin hole 203 and the second pin hole 204 .

[0144] A tapered shaft 703 is provided at the lower part of the latch 7;

[0145] In a specific implementation, the shape of the tapered axis 703 is a truncated cone;

[0146] It should be noted that after the pin shaft 702 in the middle of the pin 7 passes through the first pin hole 203 and the second pin hole 204 of the device, it is constrained by the first pin hole 203 and the second pin hole 204, so that the pin 7 can only move up and down in the vertical direction. When the two pins 7 gradually move vertically downward, the lower tapered shaft 703 is inserted into the second workpiece screw mounting hole 105 and the third screw mounting hole 106, which plays a role in centering the device.

[0147] In specific implementation, the maximum diameter of the upper portion of the tapered shaft 703 is greater than the upper limit of the preset inner diameter of the second workpiece screw mounting hole 105 and the third screw mounting hole 106;

[0148] The minimum diameter of the lower portion of the tapered shaft 703 is smaller than the lower limits of the preset inner diameters of the second workpiece screw mounting hole 105 and the third screw mounting hole 106;

[0149] In the present invention, in order to allow the tapered shaft 703 to satisfy the centering function for holes of all sizes within a certain size range, the tolerance range of the second workpiece screw mounting hole 105 and the third screw mounting hole 106 is: any size between the upper limit of the inner diameter size of the second workpiece screw mounting hole 105 and the third screw mounting hole 106 and the lower limit of the inner diameter size of the second workpiece screw mounting hole 105 and the third screw mounting hole 106.

[0150] In the present invention, the numerical ranges of the upper limit and the lower limit of the inner diameter of the second workpiece screw mounting hole 105 and the third screw mounting hole 106 are predetermined dimensions based on the design requirements of the customer.

[0151] In the present invention, the size requirement of the tapered shaft 703 must not only meet the minimum size of the second workpiece screw mounting hole 105 and the third screw mounting hole 106, but also meet the position of its being stuck on the tapered shaft 703, so as to realize the centering effect of the pin shaft 7 on the second workpiece screw mounting hole 105 and the third screw mounting hole 106.

[0152] Based on the above-mentioned symmetrical hole processing and positioning device provided by the present invention, the present invention further provides a symmetrical hole processing system on the cover body, which includes the symmetrical hole processing and positioning device on the cover body as described above, and a bench drill;

[0153] The bench drill is used to sequentially process the positions directly below the drill sleeve holes 601 of the four drill sleeves 6 on the reduction housing blank 1 - 0 through the drill bit thereon, so as to obtain four symmetrical holes 107 .

[0154] In the present invention, in specific implementation, a bench drill, i.e. a bench drilling machine, refers to a small drilling machine that can be placed on a workbench, with a spindle and a drill bit on the spindle arranged vertically. It is a mechanical processing equipment with mature prior art and will not be described in detail here.

[0155] In order to more clearly understand the technical solution of the present invention, the working process of the present invention is described below.

[0156] First, loosen the knurled screw 4 installed in the third screw hole 306, pass the triangular shaft 503 of the special-shaped positioning column 5 through the first shaft hole 109 on the workpiece to be processed (i.e., the reduction housing blank 1-0), and make the rear side end surface of the drilling template 2 abut against the upper plane of the workpiece to be processed;

[0157] Then, the device is rotated and adjusted around the center of the workpiece bearing hole (i.e., the center of the first axial hole 109) so that the first latch hole 203 of the drilling template 2 is aligned with the second screw mounting hole 105 of the workpiece to be processed (i.e., the reduction housing blank 1-0) (i.e., aligned up and down), and the second latch hole 204 of the drilling template 2 is aligned with the third screw mounting hole 106 of the workpiece to be processed (i.e., the reduction housing blank 1-0) (i.e., aligned up and down);

[0158] Then, the two latches 7 are passed through the first latch hole 203, the second latch hole 204, and the second screw installation hole 105 and the third screw installation hole 106 of the workpiece to be processed corresponding to the positions from the top of the device;

[0159] Under the guidance of the first pin hole 203 and the second pin hole 204, the two pins 7 guide the workpiece to be processed through the second screw installation hole 105 and the third screw installation hole 106, so that the position on the reduction housing blank 1-0 directly below the drill sleeve holes 601 of the four drill sleeves 6 is used as the position of the four symmetrical holes 107 that need to be further processed;

[0160] Then, tighten the knurled screw 4, so that the first positioning arc 504 and the second positioning arc surface 505 on the special-shaped positioning column 5 are simultaneously against the inner side of the second bearing hole 110 on the workpiece to be processed (i.e., they are in close contact), thus completing the positioning and clamping of the device and the workpiece to be processed (i.e., the speed reduction housing blank 1-0);

[0161] Finally, start the bench drill, and the drill bit of the bench drill passes through the hollow drill sleeve 6, so as to carry out symmetrical hole processing operations on the workpiece to be processed (i.e., the reduction housing blank 1-0) located directly below in turn, and obtain four symmetrical holes 107, thereby finally obtaining the finished reduction housing 1 with the symmetrical holes 107 processed.

[0162] It should be noted that the device of the present invention with the workpiece to be processed is moved to align the drill bit on the bench drill with the drill sleeve hole 601 on the drill sleeve 6, start the bench drill, control the operating handle, and make the drill bit cut the workpiece to be processed downward along the drill sleeve 6 until the workpiece is drilled through, thereby obtaining a symmetrical hole 107. In the cutting process, the drill sleeve 6 plays a role in positioning and guiding the drill bit for processing.

[0163] Compared with the prior art, the processing and positioning device and processing system for symmetrical holes on a cover provided by the present invention have the following beneficial effects:

[0164] 1. The present invention can effectively perform main positioning: by adopting the structure of the special-shaped positioning column 5, the bearing hole (i.e., the second bearing hole 110) hidden in the inner direction of the workpiece shaft hole (i.e., the first shaft hole 109) is positioned, thereby improving the position accuracy of the hole to be processed (i.e., the symmetrical hole 107);

[0165] 2. The present invention can effectively perform secondary positioning: the pin auxiliary positioning structure combining the pin shaft and the tapered shaft is adopted, which effectively ensures the centering symmetry of the hole to be processed, and the pin is convenient for loading and unloading, avoiding the over-positioning caused by the positioning of three holes.

[0166] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A processing and positioning device and processing system for symmetrical holes on a cover, characterized in that: include: A drilling template (2), a clamping bar (3), a knurled screw (4), a special-shaped positioning column (5), a drilling sleeve (6) and a latch (7); A transversely distributed drilling template (2) contacts the upper side plane of a horizontally placed reduction housing blank (1-0) to be processed; The middle part of the upper side of the drilling template (2) is connected to the lower side of the clamping fence (3); A special-shaped positioning column (5) is provided at the front end of the clamping bar (3) so as to protrude downwards; A special-shaped positioning column (5) is used to pass through the original first shaft hole (109) on the reduction housing blank (1-0) and extend into the second bearing hole (110); A vertically distributed guardrail (305) is provided at the rear end of the guardrail (3) so as to protrude downward; The center of the guardrail (305) is threadedly connected with the knurled screws (4) distributed longitudinally; A knurled screw (4) having a front end in contact with the rear side of a cover plate body (10) of a reduction housing blank (1-0), and by performing a tightening operation, the special-shaped positioning column (5) at the front end of the fence (30) moves backward, thereby causing the special-shaped positioning column (5) to abut against the inner side of the second bearing hole (110); Wherein, the left and right end portions of the drilling template (2) are respectively vertically penetrated with a first latch hole (203) and a second latch hole (204) at positions corresponding to the second workpiece screw mounting hole (105) and the third screw mounting hole (106) on the reduction housing blank (1-0); The first latch hole (203) and the second latch hole (204) are respectively used to insert a latch (7); Two latch pins (7) are used to pass through a first latch pin hole (203) and a second latch pin hole (204), and to be inserted into a second screw mounting hole (105) and a third screw mounting hole (106) on a cover plate body (10) of a speed reduction housing blank (1-0) at corresponding positions; Wherein, a pair of drill sleeve mounting holes (202) are respectively provided at the left and right ends of the drilling template (2); A vertically distributed drill sleeve (6) is arranged in each drill sleeve installation hole (202).

2. The processing and positioning device for symmetrical holes on a cover body according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two bracket installation screw holes (201) are vertically penetrated in the middle of the drilling template (2) and are spaced apart from each other. The center points of the two clamping rail mounting screw holes (201) are located on the same longitudinal straight line.

3. The processing and positioning device for symmetrical holes on a cover body according to claim 1, characterized in that: A positioning column mounting surface (307) is provided at the lower front end of the clamping bar (3); A special-shaped positioning column mounting hole (301) is provided at the center of the front end of the clamping bar (3); A special-shaped positioning column mounting hole (301) connected to the upper end of the special-shaped positioning column (5); A card slot (303) recessed upward is provided at the lower middle side of the card rail (3); As shown in FIG. (10), the lower side surface (304) of the clamping bar (3) is provided with an arc surface (302) at a position between the positioning column mounting hole (301) and the drilling template clamping groove (303).

4. The processing and positioning device for symmetrical holes on a cover body according to claim 3, characterized in that: The width dimension H′ of the slot (303) is equal to the width dimension H between the front and rear end surfaces of the drilling template (2); and / or, The arc surface (302) is concentric with the positioning column mounting hole (301) and has a radius of R; The radius R of the arc surface (302) is larger than half of the diameter D of the truncated cone (111) on the upper side of the reduction housing blank (1-0).

5. The processing and positioning device for symmetrical holes on a cover body according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping bar (3) is fixedly connected to the drilling template (2) via two fastening screws (8); The clamping bar (3) is provided with two clamping bar mounting holes (308) at positions corresponding to the two clamping bar mounting screw holes (201) on the drilling template (2); After the fastening screw (8) penetrates the clamping bar installation hole (308) from top to bottom, it is threadedly fixedly connected with the clamping bar installation hole (308) at the corresponding position.

6. The processing and positioning device for symmetrical holes on a cover body according to claim 1, characterized in that: A third screw hole (306) is longitudinally provided at the center of the guardrail (305); The third screw hole (306) is threadedly connected to the knurled screw (4).

7. The processing and positioning device for symmetrical holes on a cover body according to claim 1, characterized in that: The special-shaped positioning column (5) includes a triangular shaft (503); A cylindrical shaft shoulder (502) is provided on the upper side of the front end of the triangular shaft (503); A vertically distributed mounting shaft (501) is provided at the top center of the shaft shoulder (502); The mounting shaft (501) is connected to the special-shaped positioning column mounting hole (301) at the front end of the clamping bar (3); The left and right end surfaces of the triangular shaft (503) are respectively provided with a first positioning arc surface (504) and a second positioning arc surface (505); The first positioning arc surface (504) and the second positioning arc surface (505) are axially symmetrically distributed; The axis of the installation shaft (501) is located on the symmetry axis of the first positioning arc surface (504) and the second positioning arc surface (505).

8. The processing and positioning device for symmetrical holes on a cover body according to claim 7, characterized in that: The first positioning arc surface (504) and the second positioning arc surface (505) are simultaneously inscribed in a circle with a diameter A′ and a center at the axis of the installation shaft (501); A diameter A′, which is equal to the diameter A of the second bearing hole (110); The diameter B′ of the circumscribed circle of the triangular shaft (503) is smaller than the diameter B of the first shaft hole (109); The size of the shaft shoulder (502) is larger than the size of the mounting shaft 501 and smaller than the diameter B of the first shaft hole (109).

9. The processing and positioning device for symmetrical holes on a cover according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: A handle (701) is provided on the upper part of the vertically distributed latch (7); A pin shaft (702) is provided in the middle of the latch (7); A pin shaft (702) for inserting into a first pin hole (203) or a second pin hole (204) on the drilling template (2); A tapered shaft (703) is provided at the lower part of the latch pin (7).

10. A system for processing symmetrical holes on a cover, characterized in that: A system for machining symmetrical holes on a cover body according to any one of claims 1 to 9, and a bench drill; The bench drill is used to sequentially process the positions on the reduction housing blank (1-0) directly below the drill sleeve holes (601) of the four drill sleeves (6) through the drill bit thereon, thereby obtaining four symmetrical holes (107).

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