A special-purpose machine tool for precision machining of tappets

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of tappet processing, and discloses a special machine tool for precise excavation of tappets, including a base, a support plate, a mounting curved plate, a positioning and clamping part, and a drilling mechanism. An electric push rod is fixedly installed at the top of the base, and an assembly component is fixedly sleeved outside the positioning and clamping part. By adjusting the tappet that is inclined downward backward, when it moves downward, it is inclined and aligned with the grinding component, and the pressure air introduced into the grinding component is used to push the grinding part to gradually perform grinding treatment after drilling along the blind hole of the tappet. After the grinding treatment, by continuously keeping the top of the tappet inclined downward and moving downward to the alignment direction of the collection component, automatic blanking and collection of the released tappet are realized. During the up and down movement of the tappet after it is fixed, drilling, grinding, and blanking and collection are completed in sequence. There is no need to specially customize the grinding process and the collection process. The whole processing is carried out continuously. The comprehensive precise excavation and drilling efficiency of the tappet is high, and the continuous production and processing effect is good.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of tappet processing, and specifically relates to a special machine tool for precision excavation of tappets. Background Technique

[0002] The valve tappet is an important component in the engine valve train. During the operation of the engine, whether its movement and rotation are flexible will, to a certain extent, affect the performance of the engine. Common valve tappets include straight cylinder type, mushroom type, waist-reducing type or other special shapes. Each valve tappet has at least one oil guide hole and an oil return hole. For the processing of tappets, it is usually necessary to precisely excavate and drill holes at the top, and a precision excavation machine tool is used for processing to realize the opening of blind holes at the top of the tappet.

[0003] In the existing special machine tool for precision excavation of tappets, during continuous processing of tappets, a fixture is usually used for positioning and clamping, and a rotating tool is lowered to perform precision excavation and drilling at the top. After actual blind hole drilling, there is a certain roughness inside the blind hole. It is necessary to cooperate with a grinding assembly again and perform grinding treatment after moving to the top of the tappet for positioning. And after actual grinding treatment, it is necessary to take out the processed tappet from the positioning fixture. Affected by the two processes of drilling and grinding, from the entire process of positioning, drilling, grinding and discharging, each step is isolated and realized separately. The operation of each step in the entire processing process is troublesome, the overall processing efficiency is low, and during the grinding treatment of the blind hole from top to bottom, debris continuously remains in the blind hole and is difficult to escape. The comprehensive precision excavation processing efficiency is low, the effect is poor, and the use effect is not good. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a special machine tool for precision excavation of tappets to solve the problems raised in the above background technique.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A special machine tool for precision digging of tappets, including a base, a support plate, a mounting curved plate, a positioning and clamping part, and a drilling mechanism. An electric push rod is fixedly installed on the top of the base. An assembly component is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the positioning and clamping part. The assembly component is rotatably sleeved with the support plate. The mounting curved plate is fixedly connected to the side of the support plate and fixedly connected to the movable end of the electric push rod. A distributed air supply component is arranged on the top of the mounting curved plate. A pushing component meshing with the assembly component is fixedly arranged on the side of the support plate. The pushing component pushes the assembly component to deflect. A collecting component is arranged on the top of the base. An inclined grinding component is arranged above the collecting component. Air guiding components are symmetrically arranged on the top of the base. The grinding component is fixedly communicated between the two air guiding components. A communicating sliding sleeve is arranged on one side of the support plate. The communicating sliding sleeve slides along the inside of the air guiding component. The distributed air supply component has three air outlet ends, and the three air outlet ends are respectively communicated with the pushing component, the assembly component, and the communicating sliding sleeve;

[0006] The air guiding component includes an air guiding plate, a sliding groove, a first air guiding hole, a second air guiding hole, and an air spraying pipe;

[0007] The distributed air supply component includes an air pump, a first valve, a second valve, a conduction cover, and an intermediate pipe. The air pump is fixed on the top of the mounting curved plate. The first valve is fixedly communicated with the air outlet end of the air pump. The intermediate pipe is fixedly communicated between the second valve and the first valve. One end of the conduction cover is fixedly communicated with the first valve and the other end is sleeved on the end of the communicating arm. The second valve has two air outlet ends, which are respectively communicated with the pushing component and the communicating sliding sleeve;

[0008] The pushing component includes a fixed frame, a toothed plate, a curved rod, and a fourth spring. The fixed frame is fixed on the side of the support plate. One end of the curved rod is fixedly connected to the toothed plate and the other end is movably sleeved in the fixed frame. The toothed plate is meshed and connected with the gear. One end of the fourth spring is fixed in the fixed frame and the other end is fixedly connected to the curved rod.

[0009] Preferably, the positioning and clamping part includes a sleeve, an internal cavity, a clamping block, and a first spring. The internal cavity is opened on the inner wall of the sleeve. The clamping block is movably sleeved in the internal cavity. One end of the first spring is fixedly connected in the internal cavity and the other end is fixedly connected to the clamping block. The assembly component includes a communicating ring, a communicating arm, and a gear. The communicating ring is fixedly sleeved on the top of the outer surface of the sleeve and is communicated with the internal cavity. One end of the communicating arm is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the communicating ring and is communicated with the inside of the communicating ring. The other end of the communicating arm passes through the support plate and is rotatably installed with the support plate. The gear is fixedly sleeved on the outer surface of the communicating arm.

[0010] Preferably, the grinding assembly includes an inclined cylinder 1, an inclined cylinder 2, a grinding part, a curved pull rod, a spring 5 and a side pipe. The inclined cylinder 1 and the inclined cylinder 2 are fixedly connected by an intermediate block. One end of the grinding part is fixedly connected to the curved pull rod. The other end of the grinding part is movably sleeved in the inclined cylinder 1. The other end of the curved pull rod is movably sleeved in the inclined cylinder 2. One end of the spring 5 is fixed in the inclined cylinder 2 and the other end is fixedly connected to the curved pull rod. The side pipe is fixedly connected to the side of the inclined cylinder 2 and is communicated with the inside of the inclined cylinder 2.

[0011] Preferably, the air guide plate is fixedly connected to the top of the base. The chute is opened at the end of the air guide plate. The first air guide hole and the second air guide hole are both opened inside the air guide plate, and the first air guide hole is located above the second air guide hole. The inner ends of the first air guide hole and the second air guide hole are both located on the moving path of the communicating sliding sleeve. The air spray pipe is fixedly connected to the top of the air guide plate and is communicated with the second air guide hole. The air outlet end of the air spray pipe faces the drilling position. The drilling mechanism is fixed above the air guide assembly.

[0012] Preferably, the collection assembly includes a collection cylinder, a side plate and an inclined cylinder 3. The collection cylinder is placed in the positioning groove on the top of the base. The side plate is fixedly connected to the outer side of the collection cylinder. The inclined cylinder 3 is fixedly connected to the top of the side plate. The inclined cylinder 3 has the same inclination angle as the inclined cylinder 1. The inclined cylinder 3 is located above the inclined cylinder 1.

[0013] Preferably, a feeding assembly and a linkage compression assembly are respectively fixedly arranged on the top of the base. The linkage compression assemblies are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the feeding assembly and are communicated with the feeding assembly. An extrusion block is fixedly connected to the bottom of the support plate. The extrusion block compresses the hydraulic oil in the linkage compression assembly.

[0014] Preferably, the feeding assembly includes a feeding cylinder, a feeding frame, a guiding sleeve, a movable plug, a push rod and a spring 2. The feeding cylinder is fixedly connected to the top of the base. The feeding frame is fixedly connected to the side of the feeding cylinder and is communicated with the feeding cylinder. The guiding sleeve is fixedly sleeved inside the feeding cylinder. The inside of the guiding sleeve is a reduced cavity. The push rod is fixedly connected to the top of the movable plug. The push rod and the movable plug are both movably sleeved in the feeding cylinder. The spring 2 is located in the feeding cylinder, with the upper end fixedly connected to the movable plug and the lower end fixedly connected to the top of the base.

[0015] Preferably, the linkage compression assembly includes a storage frame, an intermediate sleeve, a push plate and a spring 3. The storage frame is fixedly connected to the top of the base. The intermediate sleeve is fixedly communicated between the storage frame and the feeding cylinder. The push plate is movably sleeved inside the storage frame. The upper end of the spring 3 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the push plate, and the lower end is fixedly connected to the inside of the storage frame.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0017] 1. By utilizing the output of the pressurized air in the distributed air supply assembly and coordinating with the opening and closing actions of the first valve and the second valve, the pressurized air is respectively input into the assembly component, the pushing component, and the grinding component. On the one hand, it realizes the clamping and fixing of the tappet raw material, and on the other hand, it realizes the tilting swing of the drilling of the tappet raw material. Cooperating with the adjusted tappet that tilts downward, when moving downward, it is aligned with the grinding component obliquely, and the pressurized air introduced into the grinding component is used to push the grinding part to gradually perform grinding treatment after drilling along the tappet blind hole. And after the grinding treatment, by continuously keeping the top of the tappet tilted downward and moving downward in the alignment direction of the collection component, it realizes the automatic blanking and collection of the released fixed tappet. During the up and down movement after the tappet is fixed, drilling, grinding, and blanking collection are completed in sequence. There is no need for special customized grinding process and collection process, and the whole processing is carried out continuously. The overall tappet precision drilling efficiency is high, and the continuous production and processing effect is good.

[0018] 2. By utilizing the air supply treatment of the distributed air supply assembly again, coordinating with the control of different air outlet directions, combined with the control of different air guiding directions of the air guiding assembly, and cooperating with the spray pipe added at the top, while completing the drilling, it can guide the airflow of the distributed air supply assembly above the tappet with precision drilling to synchronously clean the cutting fluid and debris filled in the internal holes. Using a single set of air supply mechanism, it realizes multi-condition processing, reduces the investment in power equipment, and has a good cleaning treatment timing and remarkable effect, with good use effect.

[0019] 3. By utilizing the added feeding component and the linkage compression component, and using the positioning and clamping part controlled by up and down movement, when feeding the tappet raw material, cooperating with the preliminary positioning of the feeding component, the downward moving support plate drives the extrusion block to compress the hydraulic oil in the linkage compression component during the downward movement, so as to quickly push the tappet raw material in the feeding component to be automatically positioned and sleeved in the synchronously downward moving positioning and clamping part, completing the quick matching and sleeving, and using the distributed air supply assembly to complete the clamping and fixing, realizing automatic positioning and clamping. The positioning and fixing efficiency of the tappet raw material during the actual precision drilling process is high and the speed is fast. Cooperating with the drilling, grinding, and automatic blanking processes that can be completed by up and down movement, it further realizes the automatic feeding step, making the whole precision drilling process have a high degree of continuous automation, capable of continuous operation and completion of processing, and from the beginning to the end of the precision drilling, the whole process is highly efficient in operation and processing. For the precision processing of the tappet top blind hole, it realizes special optimization processing, has the effect of high-efficiency production and processing, high actual production efficiency, and good application prospect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 is the sectional schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the installation between the assembly component and the support plate of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 Cross-sectional schematic diagram of the assembly component and the positioning and clamping part of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5 Cross-sectional schematic diagram of the positioning and clamping part of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the distributed air supply component of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 7 Explosion schematic diagram of the pushing component of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 8 Cross-sectional schematic diagram of the grinding component of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 9 Connection schematic diagram of the grinding component and the air guiding component of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 10 Cross-sectional schematic diagram of the air guiding component of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 11 Cross-sectional schematic diagram of the feeding component of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 12 Explosion schematic diagram of the linkage compression component of the present invention.

[0032] In the figure: 1, base; 2, electric push rod; 3, support plate; 4, installation curved plate; 5, assembly component; 51, communication ring; 52, communication arm; 53, gear; 6, positioning and clamping part; 61, sleeve; 62, internal cavity; 63, clamping block; 64, spring one; 7, feeding component; 71, feeding cylinder; 72, feeding frame; 73, guiding sleeve; 74, movable plug; 75, push rod; 76, spring two; 8, linkage compression component; 81, storage frame; 82, intermediate sleeve; 83, push plate; 84, spring three; 9, extrusion block; 10, distributed air supply component; 101, air pump; 102, first valve; 103, second valve; 104, conduction cover; 105, intermediate pipe; 11, pushing component; 111, fixed frame; 112, toothed plate; 113, curved rod; 114, spring four; 12, communication sliding sleeve; 13, air guiding component; 131, air guiding plate; 132, chute; 133, first guiding hole; 134, second guiding hole; 135, air spraying pipe; 14, drilling mechanism; 15, grinding component; 151, first inclined cylinder; 152, second inclined cylinder; 153, grinding part; 154, curved pull rod; 155, spring five; 156, side pipe; 16, collection component; 161, collection cylinder; 162, side plate; 163, third inclined cylinder. Detailed implementation mode

[0033] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0034] As Figures 1 to 12 shown, an exclusive machine tool for precision digging of tappets provided by an embodiment of the present invention includes a base 1, a support plate 3, a mounting curved plate 4, a positioning and clamping portion 6, and a drilling mechanism 14. An electric push rod 2 is fixedly installed on the top of the base 1. An assembly component 5 is fixedly sleeved on the outer side of the positioning and clamping portion 6. The assembly component 5 is rotatably sleeved with the support plate 3. The mounting curved plate 4 is fixedly connected to the side surface of the support plate 3 and fixedly connected to the movable end of the electric push rod 2. A distributed air supply component 10 is provided on the top of the mounting curved plate 4. A pushing component 11 meshing with the assembly component 5 is fixedly provided on the side surface of the support plate 3. The pushing component 11 pushes the assembly component 5 to deflect. A collection component 16 is provided on the top of the base 1. A polishing component 15 arranged obliquely is provided above the collection component 16. Air guiding components 13 are symmetrically provided on the top of the base 1. The polishing component 15 is fixedly communicated between the two air guiding components 13. A communicating sliding sleeve 12 is provided on one side of the support plate 3. The communicating sliding sleeve 12 slides along the inside of the air guiding component 13. The distributed air supply component 10 has three air outlet ends, and the three air outlet ends are respectively communicated with the pushing component 11, the assembly component 5, and the communicating sliding sleeve 12;

[0035] The air guiding component 13 includes an air guiding plate 131, a sliding groove 132, a first air guiding hole 133, a second air guiding hole 134, and an air spraying pipe 135.

[0036] Among them, the positioning and clamping portion 6 includes a sleeve 61, an internal cavity 62, a clamping block 63, and a first spring 64. The internal cavity 62 is opened on the inner wall of the sleeve 61. The clamping block 63 is movably sleeved in the internal cavity 62. One end of the first spring 64 is fixedly connected in the internal cavity 62 and the other end is fixedly connected to the clamping block 63. The assembly component 5 includes a communicating ring 51, a communicating arm 52, and a gear 53. The communicating ring 51 is fixedly sleeved on the top outer surface of the sleeve 61 and is communicated with the internal cavity 62. One end of the communicating arm 52 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the communicating ring 51 and is communicated with the inside of the communicating ring 51. The other end of the communicating arm 52 passes through the support plate 3 and is rotatably installed with the support plate 3. The gear 53 is fixedly sleeved on the outer surface of the communicating arm 52.

[0037] The positioning and clamping part 6 operates when pressured air is introduced internally, clamping and fixing the inserted tappet in a surrounding manner. The assembly component 5 is connected to the positioning and clamping part 6. On the one hand, the assembly component 5 is used to introduce gas into the positioning and clamping part 6, and on the other hand, it can cooperate with the pushing component 11 to achieve rotation, thereby driving the tappet to tilt downward, and completing subsequent grinding and automatic discharging actions.

[0038] Among them, the distributed air supply component 10 includes an air pump 101, a first valve 102, a second valve 103, a conduction cover 104, and an intermediate pipe 105. The air pump 101 is fixed on the top of the installation curved plate 4. The first valve 102 is fixedly connected to the air outlet end of the air pump 101. The intermediate pipe 105 is fixedly connected between the second valve 103 and the first valve 102. One end of the conduction cover 104 is fixedly connected to the first valve 102 and the other end is sleeved on the end of the connecting arm 52. The second valve 103 has two air outlet ends, which are respectively connected to the pushing component 11 and the connecting sliding sleeve 12.

[0039] The distributed air supply component 10 realizes three different air outlet ports through the opening and closing actions of the first valve 102 and the second valve 103, and provides power for different operating conditions, achieving multiple operation processes with a single set of air supply power equipment.

[0040] Among them, the pushing component 11 includes a fixed frame 111, a toothed plate 112, a curved rod 113, and a fourth spring 114. The fixed frame 111 is fixed on the side of the support plate 3. One end of the curved rod 113 is fixedly connected to the toothed plate 112 and the other end is movably sleeved in the fixed frame 111. The toothed plate 112 is meshed with the gear 53. One end of the fourth spring 114 is fixed in the fixed frame 111 and the other end is fixedly connected to the curved rod 113.

[0041] The pushing component 11 realizes linear pushing through the meshing method, and drives the engaged assembly component 5 to deflect. Moreover, a limiting plate is fixedly arranged on the side of the support plate 3 to limit the movement of the toothed plate 112, ensuring precise control of the tilt angle.

[0042] Among them, the grinding component 15 includes a first inclined cylinder 151, a second inclined cylinder 152, a grinding part 153, a curved pull rod 154, a fifth spring 155, and a side pipe 156. The first inclined cylinder 151 and the second inclined cylinder 152 are fixedly connected through an intermediate block. One end of the grinding part 153 is fixedly connected to the curved pull rod 154. The other end of the grinding part 153 is movably sleeved in the first inclined cylinder 151. The other end of the curved pull rod 154 is movably sleeved in the second inclined cylinder 152. One end of the fifth spring 155 is fixed in the second inclined cylinder 152 and the other end is fixedly connected to the curved pull rod 154. The side pipe 156 is fixedly connected to the side of the second inclined cylinder 152 and is internally connected to the second inclined cylinder 152.

[0043] The polishing assembly 15 performs internal polishing treatment along the blind hole of the tappet that slopes downward by tilting and moving. The debris materials in the polished layer automatically fall out, and the polishing effect is good. Specifically, the polishing part drives the rotating shaft to rotate through the motor and makes the polishing block rotate to complete the treatment.

[0044] Among them, the air guide plate 131 is fixedly connected to the top of the base 1. The chute 132 is opened at the end of the air guide plate 131. The first air guide hole 133 and the second air guide hole 134 are both opened inside the air guide plate 131, and the first air guide hole 133 is located above the second air guide hole 134. The inner ends of the first air guide hole 133 and the second air guide hole 134 are both located on the moving path of the communicating sleeve 12. The air spray pipe 135 is fixedly connected to the top of the air guide plate 131 and is communicated with the second air guide hole 134. The air outlet end of the air spray pipe 135 faces the drilling position, and the drilling mechanism 14 is fixed above the air guide assembly 13.

[0045] The air guide assembly 13 further changes the air outlet direction through communication at different positions from the communicating sleeve 12, and realizes top blowing and polishing driving force respectively.

[0046] Among them, the collection assembly 16 includes a collection cylinder 161, a side plate 162 and an inclined cylinder three 163. The collection cylinder 161 is placed in the positioning groove on the top of the base 1. The side plate 162 is fixedly connected to the outer side surface of the collection cylinder 161. The inclined cylinder three 163 is fixedly connected to the top of the side plate 162. The inclined angle of the inclined cylinder three 163 is the same as that of the inclined cylinder one 151, and the inclined cylinder three 163 is located above the inclined cylinder one 151.

[0047] By using the inclined inclined cylinder three 163 to adapt to the tappet that slopes downward, when the clamping and fixing force is released, the tappet obliquely above is guided to automatically fall into the collection assembly 16 to complete the collection treatment.

[0048] Embodiment 1: Place the columnar tappet to be processed inside the positioning and clamping part 6. Start the distributed air supply component 10. As the air pump 101 outputs gas, the first valve 102 guides the gas into the conduction cover 104, so that the compressed air is input into the assembly component 5 through the connecting arm 52 and into the inner cavity 62 of the positioning and clamping part 6 through the connecting ring 51. The compressed air acts on the clamping blocks 63, and the surrounding clamping blocks 63 clamp and fix the sleeved columnar tappet raw material. Then start the electric push rod 2 to push the support plate 3 and the mounting curved plate 4 upward, so that the positioning and clamping part 6 drives the clamped tappet raw material upward, causing the connecting sliding sleeve 12 to move upward along the chute 132 in the air guiding component 13. Start the drilling mechanism 14. As the cutter in the drilling mechanism 14 rotates, the upward moving columnar tappet raw material contacts and presses against the rotating cutter to complete the drilling of the top blind hole. When the specified drilling depth is reached, the connecting sliding sleeve 12 fixed at the end of the support plate 3 is located at the second guide hole 134 and is connected to the second guide hole 134. Keep the air pump 101 started. The first valve 102 closes the conduction cover 104 and opens the connection with the intermediate pipe 105, and makes the second valve 103 communicate with the connecting sliding sleeve 12 alone. Thus, the compressed air is input into the air injection pipe 135 along the connecting sliding sleeve 12 and the second guide hole 134, so that the air injection pipe 135 blows into the hole gap at the top of the tappet, and the internal cutting fluid and debris are blown out. The electric push rod 2 acts and drives the positioning and clamping part 6 and the tappet after drilling to move downward. After moving away from the cutter, the second valve 103 acts to close the connecting sliding sleeve 12 and open the conduction with the pushing component 11. The air pump 101 inputs the compressed air into the pushing component 11, and pushes the curved rod 113 to move horizontally and contact the limiting plate fixed on the support plate 3 on one side. At the same time, it drives the toothed plate 112 to move horizontally and makes the meshing gear 53 rotate, so that the assembly component 5 rotates, making the top of the clamped tappet tilt downward. And the electric push rod 2 drives the tilted tappet to move downward to the upper inclined extension line of the inclined cylinder one 151 of the grinding component 15. At this time, the connecting sliding sleeve 12 is connected to the first guide hole 133. The second valve 103 acts again to close the conduction with the pushing component 11 and then open the opening with the connecting sliding sleeve 12, so that the compressed air is input into the connecting sliding sleeve 12 again, and is input into the inclined cylinder two 152 through the first guide hole 133 and the side pipe 156, and makes the air pressure inside the inclined cylinder two 152 increase, and pushes the curved pull rod 154 to move horizontally, stretches the spring five 155, and drives the grinding part 153 to move upward along the inclined cylinder one 151 and gradually fit into the inclined tappet blind hole. Start the grinding part 153, and the grinding block rotates and grinds in the blind hole to complete the grinding process. Then reset the grinding part 153, and make the electric push rod 2 move downward again. Keep the tilted tappet moving downward so that the tappet moves downward to the upper inclined extension line of the inclined cylinder three 163 in the collection component 16. Close the air pump 101 and fully open the first valve 102 to release the compressed air sealed in the assembly component 5.The pressure in the positioning and clamping part 6 disappears, and the clamping block 63 is elastically reset with the first spring 64, releasing the fixing of the tappet. After losing the fixation, the tappet slides obliquely downward and slides into the third inclined cylinder 163, and automatically falls into the collection cylinder 161, completing automatic drilling, grinding, and discharging and collection.

[0049] First, by utilizing the output of the pressurized air in the distributed air supply assembly 10 and coordinating the opening and closing actions of the first valve 102 and the second valve 103, the pressurized air is respectively input into the assembly component 5, the pushing component 11, and the grinding component 15. On the one hand, it realizes the clamping and fixing of the tappet raw material, and on the other hand, it realizes the inclined swing of the tappet raw material during drilling. In coordination with the adjusted tappet that is inclined downward, when moving downward, it is inclined and aligned with the grinding component 15, and the pressurized air introduced into the grinding component 15 is used to push the grinding part 153 to gradually perform grinding treatment on the tappet blind hole after drilling. And after the grinding treatment, by continuously keeping the top of the tappet inclined downward and in the alignment direction of the collection component 16 during downward movement, it realizes the automatic blanking and collection of the released tappet. During the up and down movement after the tappet is fixed, drilling, grinding, and blanking and collection are completed in sequence, without the need for a special customized grinding process and collection process. The entire processing is carried out continuously, with high efficiency in precision excavation drilling of the tappet and good continuous production and processing effects.

[0050] In addition, by utilizing the air supply treatment of the distributed air supply assembly 10 again, coordinating the control of different air outlet directions, combining the control of different air guiding directions of the air guiding assembly 13, and cooperating with the spray pipe 135 added at the top, while completing drilling, it is possible to guide the airflow of the distributed air supply assembly 10 above the tappet with precision excavation drilling to synchronously clean the cutting fluid and debris filled in the internal holes. Using a single set of air supply mechanism, it realizes multi-condition processing, reduces the investment in power equipment, and has a good cleaning treatment timing and remarkable effect, with good use effect.

[0051] Among them, a feeding component 7 and a linkage compression component 8 are respectively fixedly arranged on the top of the base 1. The linkage compression component 8 is symmetrically distributed on both sides of the feeding component 7 and is communicated with the feeding component 7. A pressing block 9 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the support plate 3, and the pressing block 9 compresses the hydraulic oil in the linkage compression component 8. The feeding component 7 includes a feeding cylinder 71, a feeding frame 72, a guiding sleeve 73, a movable plug 74, a push rod 75 and a second spring 76. The feeding cylinder 71 is fixedly connected to the top of the base 1. The feeding frame 72 is fixedly connected to the side of the feeding cylinder 71 and is communicated with the feeding cylinder 71. The guiding sleeve 73 is fixedly sleeved inside the feeding cylinder 71. The inside of the guiding sleeve 73 is a reduced cavity. The push rod 75 is fixedly connected to the top of the movable plug 74. Both the push rod 75 and the movable plug 74 are movably sleeved in the feeding cylinder 71. The second spring 76 is located in the feeding cylinder 71, with the upper end fixedly connected to the movable plug 74 and the lower end fixedly connected to the top of the base 1. The linkage compression component 8 includes a storage frame 81, an intermediate sleeve 82, a push plate 83 and a third spring 84. The storage frame 81 is fixedly connected to the top of the base 1. The intermediate sleeve 82 is fixedly communicated between the storage frame 81 and the feeding cylinder 71. The push plate 83 is movably sleeved inside the storage frame 81. The upper end of the third spring 84 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the push plate 83, and the lower end is fixedly connected to the inside of the storage frame 81.

[0052] By using the feeding component 7, automatic correction and preliminary positioning of the tappet raw materials input are realized. The inclination angle and width dimension of the feeding frame 72 are adapted to the tappet, so that the tappet raw materials automatically maintain a vertical positioning state when sliding down. And the linkage compression component 8 cooperates with the downward pressing block 9, uses the hydraulic oil to transmit pressure, and when the positioning and clamping part 6 moves downward, the tappet raw materials are automatically pushed upward synchronously to complete rapid positioning and assembly, greatly improving the continuous processing efficiency.

[0053] Embodiment 2: When performing fine boring, the tappet raw material to be processed is input through the feeding frame 72 on the side of the feeding component 7. The columnar tappet raw material slides along the inclined feeding frame 72 and automatically sleeves into the inner part of the feeding cylinder 71. When it is necessary to clamp the tappet raw material, start the electric push rod 2 to drive the support plate 3 and the positioning and clamping part 6 to move downward synchronously, so that the positioning and clamping part 6 gradually sleeves into the inner part of the feeding cylinder 71. At the same time, the support plate 3 drives the extrusion block 9 at the bottom to sleeve into the linkage compression component 8. As the extrusion block 9 moves downward synchronously, the extrusion block 9 presses down the push plate 83 and the spring three 84. The hydraulic oil inside the storage frame 81 is further compressed into the inner part of the feeding cylinder 71 through the intermediate sleeve 82, and synchronously pushes the movable plug 74 and the push rod 75 to move upward, pushing the columnar tappet raw material falling in the feeding cylinder 71 upward into the guide sleeve 73, and further vertically correcting it along the reduction cavity in the guide sleeve 73, and fitting and sleeving with the downward-moving sleeve 61. Subsequently, by inputting the pressurized air in the distributed air supply component 10 into the positioning and clamping part 6, the tappet raw material is automatically clamped and fixed, completing automatic positioning and feeding and clamping and fixing. Then start the electric push rod 2 to move upward for subsequent fine boring processing.

[0054] First of all, by using the added feeding component 7 and the linkage compression component 8, and using the positioning and clamping part 6 controlled by up and down movement, when inputting the tappet raw material, cooperating with the preliminary positioning of the feeding component 7, using the downward-moving support plate 3 to drive the extrusion block 9 to compress the hydraulic oil in the linkage compression component 8 during the downward movement, so as to quickly push the tappet raw material in the feeding component 7 to be automatically positioned and sleeved in the synchronously downward-moving positioning and clamping part 6, completing rapid matching and sleeving, and using the distributed air supply component 10 to complete clamping and fixing, realizing automatic positioning and clamping. The positioning and fixing efficiency of the tappet raw material during the actual fine boring process is high and the speed is fast. Cooperating with the drilling, grinding, and automatic blanking processes that can be completed by moving up and down, the automatic feeding step is further realized, making the entire fine boring process have a high degree of continuous automation, capable of continuous operation and completion of processing. From the start to the end of the fine boring, the whole process is efficiently operated and processed. For the fine boring treatment of the blind hole at the top of the tappet, special optimization treatment is realized, with the effect of high-efficiency production and processing, high actual production efficiency, and good application prospects.

[0055] Working principle and usage process of the present invention: During use, place the columnar tappet to be processed inside the positioning and clamping part 6, start the distributed air supply component 10. As the air pump 101 outputs gas, the first valve 102 guides the gas into the conduction cover 104, enabling the compressed air to be input into the assembly component 5 through the connecting arm 52 and into the inner cavity 62 of the positioning and clamping part 6 through the connecting ring 51. The compressed air acts on the clamping block 63, causing the circumferentially distributed clamping blocks 63 to clamp and fix the sleeved columnar tappet raw material. Subsequently, start the electric push rod 2 to push the support plate 3 and the mounting curved plate 4 upward, so that the positioning and clamping part 6 drives the clamped tappet raw material inside upward, causing the connecting sliding sleeve 12 to move upward along the chute 132 in the air guiding component 13. Start the drilling mechanism 14. As the cutter in the drilling mechanism 14 rotates, the upward moving columnar tappet raw material contacts and presses against the rotating cutter to complete the drilling of the top blind hole. When the specified drilling depth is reached, the connecting sliding sleeve 12 fixed at the end of the support plate 3 is located at the second guide hole 134 and is in communication with the second guide hole 134. Keep the air pump 101 running. While the first valve 102 closes the conduction cover 104, it opens the connection with the intermediate pipe 105 and makes the second valve 103 communicate with the connecting sliding sleeve 12 alone. Thus, the compressed air is input into the air spraying pipe 135 along the connecting sliding sleeve 12 and the second guide hole 134, causing the air spraying pipe 135 to blow into the hole gap at the top of the tappet, blowing out the internal cutting fluid and debris. The electric push rod 2 acts to drive the positioning and clamping part 6 and the drilled tappet downward. After moving away from the cutter, the second valve 103 acts to close the connecting sliding sleeve 12 and open the connection with the pushing component 11. The air pump 101 inputs the compressed air into the pushing component 11, pushing the curved rod 113 to move horizontally and contact the limiting plate fixed on the support plate 3 on one side. At the same time, it drives the toothed plate 112 to move horizontally and makes the meshing gear 53 rotate, thereby causing the assembly component 5 to rotate, making the top of the clamped tappet tilt downward. And the electric push rod 2 drives the tilted tappet downward to the upper inclined extension line of the inclined cylinder one 151 of the grinding component 15. At this time, the connecting sliding sleeve 12 is in communication with the first guide hole 133. Once again, the second valve 103 acts to close the connection with the pushing component 11 and then open the opening with the connecting sliding sleeve 12, enabling the compressed air to be input into the connecting sliding sleeve 12 again and passing through the first guide hole 133 and the side pipe 156 into the inclined cylinder two 152, causing the air pressure inside the inclined cylinder two 152 to rise, pushing the curved pull rod 154 to move horizontally, stretching the spring five 155, and driving the grinding part 153 to move upward along the inclined cylinder one 151 and gradually fit into the inclined tappet blind hole. Start the grinding part 153, and the grinding block rotates and grinds in the blind hole to complete the grinding process. Subsequently, reset the grinding part 153. Once again, the electric push rod 2 moves downward, keeping the tilted tappet moving downward until the tappet moves downward to the upper inclined extension line of the inclined cylinder three 163 in the collection component 16. Turn off the air pump 101 and fully open the first valve 102.The pressure air enclosed in the assembly component 5 is released, the pressure in the positioning clamping part 6 disappears, the clamping block 63 is elastically reset with the spring 64, the fixing of the tappet is released, the tappet after losing the fixation inclines and slides down and slides into the inclined cylinder 163, and automatically falls into the collection cylinder 161, completing automatic drilling, grinding and discharging and collection; when performing fine excavation drilling, the tappet raw material to be processed is input through the feeding frame 72 on the side of the feeding component 7. The columnar tappet raw material slides along the inclined feeding frame 72 and automatically sleeves into the interior of the feeding cylinder 71. When it is necessary to clamp the tappet raw material, the electric push rod 2 is started and drives the support plate 3 and the positioning clamping part 6 to move down synchronously, so that the positioning clamping part 6 gradually sleeves into the interior of the feeding cylinder 71. At the same time, the support plate 3 drives the extrusion block 9 at the bottom to sleeve into the linkage compression component 8. With the synchronous downward movement of the extrusion block 9, the extrusion block 9 presses down the push plate 83 and the spring 84. The hydraulic oil inside the storage frame 81 is further compressed into the interior of the feeding cylinder 71 through the intermediate sleeve 82, and synchronously pushes the movable plug 74 and the push rod 75 to move up, pushing up the columnar tappet raw material falling into the feeding cylinder 71 into the guide sleeve 73, and further vertically correcting it along the reduction cavity in the guide sleeve 73, and cooperating and sleeving with the downward moving sleeve 61. Subsequently, the pressure air in the distributed air supply component 10 is input into the positioning clamping part 6 to automatically clamp and fix the tappet raw material, completing automatic positioning feeding and clamping and fixing. Subsequently, the electric push rod 2 is started to move up for subsequent fine excavation drilling treatment.,

[0056] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, for those of ordinary skill in the art, it can be understood that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principle and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A special machine tool for tappet precision excavation, comprising a base (1), a support plate (3), a mounting curved plate (4), a positioning clamping portion (6) and a drilling mechanism (14), characterized in that: An electric push rod (2) is fixedly mounted on the top of the base (1); an assembly component (5) is fixedly sleeved on the outer side of the positioning clamping portion (6); the assembly component (5) is rotatably sleeved with the support plate (3); the mounting curved plate (4) is fixedly connected to the side of the support plate (3) and is fixedly connected to the movable end of the electric push rod (2); a distributed air supply component (10) is provided on the top of the mounting curved plate (4); a pushing component (11) meshing with the assembly component (5) is fixedly provided on the side of the support plate (3); the pushing component (11) pushes the assembly component (5) to deflect; the base (1) A collecting assembly (16) is provided on the top of the collecting assembly (16), an inclined polishing assembly (15) is provided above the collecting assembly (16), an air guide assembly (13) is symmetrically provided on the top of the base (1), the polishing assembly (15) is fixedly connected between two groups of air guide assemblies (13), a connecting sleeve (12) is provided on one side of the support plate (3), the connecting sleeve (12) slides along the inside of the air guide assembly (13), and the distributing air supply assembly (10) has three air outlet ends, which are respectively connected to the pushing assembly (11), the assembly assembly (5) and the connecting sleeve (12); The air guide assembly (13) comprises an air guide plate (131), a slide groove (132), a first guide hole (133), a second guide hole (134) and an air jet pipe (135); The distributed air supply assembly (10) comprises an air pump (101), a No. 1 valve (102), a No. 2 valve (103), a guide cover (104) and an intermediate pipe (105); the air pump (101) is fixed on the top of the mounting curved plate (4); the No. 1 valve (102) is fixedly connected to the air outlet end of the air pump (101); the intermediate pipe (105) is fixedly connected between the No. 2 valve (103) and the No. 1 valve (102); one end of the guide cover (104) is fixedly connected to the No. 1 valve (102) and the other end is sleeved on the end of the connecting arm (52); the No. 2 valve (103) has two air outlet ends, which are respectively connected to the pushing assembly (11) and the connecting sleeve (12); The pushing assembly (11) comprises a fixed frame (111), a tooth plate (112), a bent rod (113) and a spring four (114); the fixed frame (111) is fixed to a side surface of the support plate (3); one end of the bent rod (113) is fixedly connected to the tooth plate (112) and the other end is movably sleeved in the fixed frame (111); the tooth plate (112) is meshingly connected to the gear (53); one end of the spring four (114) is fixed in the fixed frame (111) and the other end is fixedly connected to the bent rod (113).

2. A special machine tool for tappet precision excavation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positioning clamping portion (6) comprises a sleeve (61), an internal cavity (62), a clamping block (63) and a spring (64); the internal cavity (62) is formed on the inner wall of the sleeve (61); the clamping block (63) is movably sleeved in the internal cavity (62); one end of the spring (64) is fixedly connected in the internal cavity (62) and the other end is fixedly connected to the clamping block (63); the assembly component (5) comprises a connecting ring (51), a connecting arm (52) and a gear (53); the connecting ring (51) is fixedly sleeved on the top of the outer surface of the sleeve (61) and is in communication with the internal cavity (62); one end of the connecting arm (52) is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the connecting ring (51) and is in communication with the inside of the connecting ring (51); the other end of the connecting arm (52) passes through the support plate (3) and is rotatably mounted on the support plate (3); and the gear (53) is fixedly sleeved on the outer surface of the connecting arm (52).

3. A special machine tool for tappet precision excavation according to claim 2, characterized in that: The grinding assembly (15) comprises an inclined cylinder 1 (151), an inclined cylinder 2 (152), a grinding portion (153), a curved pull rod (154), a spring 5 (155) and a side tube (156); the inclined cylinder 1 (151) and the inclined cylinder 2 (152) are fixedly connected via an intermediate block; one end of the grinding portion (153) is fixedly connected to the curved pull rod (154); the other end of the grinding portion (153) is movably sleeved in the inclined cylinder 1 (151); the other end of the curved pull rod (154) is movably sleeved in the inclined cylinder 2 (152); one end of the spring 5 (155) is fixed in the inclined cylinder 2 (152) and the other end is fixedly connected to the curved pull rod (154); the side tube (156) is fixedly connected to the side of the inclined cylinder 2 (152) and communicates with the interior of the inclined cylinder 2 (152).

4. A special machine tool for tappet precision excavation according to claim 3, characterized in that: The air guide plate (131) is fixedly connected to the top of the base (1); the slide groove (132) is provided at the end of the air guide plate (131); the first guide hole (133) and the second guide hole (134) are both provided inside the air guide plate (131); the first guide hole (133) is located above the second guide hole (134); the inner ends of the first guide hole (133) and the second guide hole (134) are both located on a moving path of the connecting sleeve (12); the air injection pipe (135) is fixedly connected to the top of the air guide plate (131) and is connected to the second guide hole (134); the air outlet end of the air injection pipe (135) faces the drilling position; and the drilling mechanism (14) is fixed above the air guide assembly (13).

5. A special machine tool for tappet precision excavation according to claim 4, characterized in that: The collecting assembly (16) comprises a collecting cylinder (161), a side plate (162) and an inclined cylinder three (163); the collecting cylinder (161) is placed in a positioning groove at the top of the base (1); the side plate (162) is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the collecting cylinder (161); the inclined cylinder three (163) is fixedly connected to the top of the side plate (162); the inclined cylinder three (163) has the same inclination angle as the inclined cylinder one (151); and the inclined cylinder three (163) is located above the inclined cylinder one (151).

6. A special machine tool for tappet precision excavation according to claim 1, characterized in that: A loading assembly (7) and a linkage compression assembly (8) are fixedly provided on the top of the base (1), respectively; the linkage compression assembly (8) is symmetrically distributed on both sides of the loading assembly (7) and is in communication with the loading assembly (7); a squeezing block (9) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the support plate (3); the squeezing block (9) compresses the hydraulic oil in the linkage compression assembly (8).

7. A special machine tool for tappet precision excavation according to claim 6, characterized in that: The feeding assembly (7) comprises a feeding barrel (71), a feeding frame (72), a guide sleeve (73), a movable plug (74), a push rod (75) and a second spring (76); the feeding barrel (71) is fixedly connected to the top of the base (1); the feeding frame (72) is fixedly connected to the side of the feeding barrel (71) and is in communication with the feeding barrel (71); the guide sleeve (73) is fixedly sleeved inside the feeding barrel (71); the inside of the guide sleeve (73) is a reduction chamber; the push rod (75) is fixedly connected to the top of the movable plug (74); the push rod (75) and the movable plug (74) are both movably sleeved in the feeding barrel (71); the second spring (76) is located in the feeding barrel (71) and the upper end is fixedly connected to the movable plug (74), and the lower end is fixedly connected to the top of the base (1).

8. A special machine tool for tappet precision excavation according to claim 7, characterized in that: The linkage compression assembly (8) comprises a storage frame (81), an intermediate sleeve (82), a push plate (83) and a spring three (84); the storage frame (81) is fixedly connected to the top of the base (1); the intermediate sleeve (82) is fixedly connected between the storage frame (81) and the loading barrel (71); the push plate (83) is movably sleeved inside the storage frame (81); the upper end of the spring three (84) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the push plate (83), and the lower end is fixedly connected to the inside of the storage frame (81).

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