Cutter and method for machining narrow-cavity reverse stepped hole of ceramic-based composite material

Abstract

The invention discloses a tool and method for machining a narrow-cavity reverse stepped hole of a ceramic-based composite material, the tool comprises a tool body and a cutting piece capable of being drilled and milled, the tool body comprises a clamping section used for clamping and a cutting section used for installing the cutting piece, the clamping section and the cutting section are connected, and two chip grooves are formed in the cutting section; and the cutting blades are embedded into the two chip grooves and are fixed through fastening screws. The cutting blade is of a drilling and milling integrated structure, reverse milling machining can be continuously conducted on a reverse stepped hole after drilling is completed, part machining is completed under the same coordinate, the purpose of machining parts which are difficult to machine through a conventional cutter is achieved, and the production requirement is met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of ceramic-based composite material hole processing, and in particular to a tool and a processing method for processing a ceramic-based composite material narrow cavity reverse step hole. Background Art

[0002] In the milling process of conventional ceramic matrix composite parts, the existing tools mostly use grinding rods, glass drills, PCD milling cutters or T-shaped cutters. Fig.11 , milling the part along the Z direction of the machine tool. This type of tool is mostly suitable for processing the part profile with an opening of 90° or above. For the part profile with an opening below 90°, due to the size of the tool diameter, a larger opening is required to enable the tool to process the part profile, thereby completing the part processing.

[0003] In order to solve the problem of a part with a reverse step hole in a narrow space in the production and manufacturing process of ceramic-based composite parts, because ordinary tools are difficult to enter the interior of the part to mill the reverse step hole of the part, a tool for machining ceramic-based composite parts and a corresponding machining method are proposed. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the above problems in the prior art, the present invention provides a tool and a processing method for processing narrow cavity reverse step holes of ceramic-based composite materials, which solves the problem that ordinary tools are difficult to enter the interior of parts to mill the reverse step holes of parts.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0006] On the one hand, a tool and a processing method for processing narrow cavity reverse step holes in ceramic-based composite materials are provided, which include a tool body and a cutting blade that can be drilled and milled. The tool body includes a connected clamping section for clamping and a cutting section for installing the cutting blade; two chip grooves are provided on the cutting section, and the cutting blade is embedded in the two chip grooves and fixed by fastening screws.

[0007] The cutting blade of the present invention adopts a drilling and milling integrated structure, and can continue to perform reverse milling on the reverse step hole after completing the drilling, and complete the part processing under the same coordinates, so as to achieve the purpose of processing the parts that are difficult to process with conventional tools and meet the production requirements.

[0008] Furthermore, the two chip removal grooves are arranged in a 180° flip, and the chip removal grooves are opened from the bottom of the cutting segment to the top of the cutting segment.

[0009] Furthermore, a slot is provided in the middle of the cutting blade, which is clamped between the two chip grooves so that the cutting blades on both sides of the slot fit the mounting surfaces of the chip grooves and are fixed by fastening screws passing through the cutting blade and the mounting surface.

[0010] Furthermore, the arc-shaped edge of the clamping groove matches the arc shape of the chip removal surface on the chip removal groove.

[0011] Furthermore, the difference between the outer diameter D of the cutting blade and the diameter d of the clamping section is greater than the difference between the aperture size Y1 of the large hole and the aperture size Y2 of the small hole on the reverse step hole.

[0012] Furthermore, the outer diameter D of the cutting blade is less than or equal to the aperture size Y2 of the small hole on the reverse step hole.

[0013] Furthermore, the thickness S of the cutting blade is 0.3 mm to 1 mm.

[0014] Furthermore, a drilling portion is provided on the cutting blade, and the drilling portion includes a bottom edge opened at the bottom of the cutting blade and a side edge opened at the side of the cutting blade.

[0015] Furthermore, a milling portion is provided on the cutting blade, and the milling portion includes a side edge opened on the side of the cutting blade and an upper edge opened on the top of the cutting blade.

[0016] On the other hand, a method for machining a tool for machining a narrow cavity reverse step hole of a ceramic-based composite material is provided, which comprises the following steps:

[0017] Step S1, preparing a ceramic-based composite part blank with a reverse step hole opened in a narrow cavity;

[0018] Step S2, fixing the blank body on the machine tool, and establishing a part processing coordinate system on the blank body, and determining the hole center of the reverse step hole on the blank body;

[0019] Step S3, installing the tool on the machine tool, and using the drilling portion of the cutting blade to drill the center of the reverse step hole on the blank body to form a small hole of the reverse step hole;

[0020] Step S4, continue drilling after forming the small hole to complete pre-drilling of the large hole on the reverse step hole;

[0021] Step S5, after the pre-drilling of the large hole is completed, the large hole is reversely milled by using the milling part of the cutting blade, and the spindle speed of the machine tool is kept at 2500-3000 r / min during the processing, and the cutting depth is 0.1 mm-0.5 mm;

[0022] Step S6: After the large hole milling process is completed, the tool is retracted along the center of the reverse step hole to avoid damaging the parts during the retraction process;

[0023] Step S7: The tool is retracted to the machine tool zero point, and the parts are disassembled and cleaned to complete the part processing.

[0024] The present invention discloses a tool and a processing method for processing a narrow cavity reverse step hole of a ceramic-based composite material, and the beneficial effects are:

[0025] 1. The cutting blade of the present invention adopts a drilling and milling integrated structure, and can continue to perform reverse milling on the reverse step hole after completing the drilling, complete the part processing under the same coordinates, improve the dimensional accuracy and efficiency, achieve the purpose of processing the parts that are difficult to process with conventional tools, and meet the production requirements.

[0026] 2. The cutting blade of the present invention is provided with a slot to form a "V-shaped" structure. During the processing, the cutting blade and the cutting section are more closely fitted along the direction of the cutting force, effectively preventing the cutting blade from falling off. The cutting blade and the cutting section are fixed by a fastening screw connection. When the cutting blade is excessively worn, only the cutting blade needs to be replaced and the tool body can continue to be used, effectively reducing costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 The present invention is a schematic structural diagram of a tool for machining a narrow cavity reverse step hole of a ceramic-based composite material.

[0028] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the tool of the present invention from another angle.

[0029] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the tool of the present invention when viewed from above.

[0030] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of the tool body of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the bottom view of the cutter body of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram of the cutting blade of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 7 It is a schematic structural diagram of the cutting blade of the present invention from another angle.

[0034] Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of the small hole drilling of the present invention.

[0035] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the large hole pre-drilling of the present invention.

[0036] Fig.10 It is a schematic structural diagram of the large hole milling of the present invention.

[0037] Fig.11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of existing cutting tools for milling parts.

[0038] Among them, 1. tool body; 2. cutting blade; 21. bottom blade; 22. side blade; 23. upper blade; 3. clamping section; 4. cutting section; 5. chip groove; 51. mounting surface; 52. chip surface; 6. fastening screw; 7. slot; 8. reverse step hole; 81. large hole; 82. small hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The specific embodiments of the present invention are described to facilitate those skilled in the art to understand the present invention. However, it should be clear that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the specific embodiments. For those of ordinary skill in the art, as long as various changes are within the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined and determined by the attached claims, these changes are obvious, and all inventions and creations utilizing the concept of the present invention are protected.

[0040] Example 1

[0041] refer to Figure 1-Figure 7 , which is a structural schematic diagram of a tool for processing a narrow cavity reverse step hole of a ceramic-based composite material in this embodiment. Its purpose is to solve the problem that it is difficult for ordinary tools to enter the interior of a part to mill the reverse step hole of the part. The specific structure of this embodiment will be described in detail below.

[0042] A tool for machining a ceramic-based composite narrow cavity reverse step hole comprises a tool body 1 and a cutting blade 2 capable of drilling and milling.

[0043] The tool body 1 includes a connected clamping section 3 for clamping and a cutting section 4 for mounting the cutting blade 2; the cutting section 4 is provided with two chip grooves 5, and the cutting blade 2 is embedded in the two chip grooves 5 and fixed by fastening screws 6.

[0044] In this embodiment, the tool body 1 includes a connected clamping section 3 and a cutting section 4. The clamping section 3 is cylindrical and is connected to the machine tool for clamping. The cutting section 4 is a cone with two chip grooves 5. The chip grooves 5 are used to install the cutting blade 2 and to remove chips. The cutting blade 2 is embedded in the two chip grooves 5 and passes through the cutting blade 2 and the cutting section 4 through a fastening screw 6. In addition, the cutting blade 2 adopts a drilling and milling integrated structure, and can continue to perform reverse milling on the reverse step hole 8 after completing the drilling. The part processing is completed under the same coordinates, the dimensional accuracy and efficiency are improved, and the purpose of processing the parts that are difficult to process with conventional tools is achieved, thereby meeting the production requirements.

[0045] Specifically, the two chip grooves 5 are arranged in a 180° flip, and the chip grooves 5 are opened from the bottom of the cutting segment 4 to the top of the cutting segment 4 .

[0046] A slot 7 is provided in the middle of the cutting blade 2 , which is clamped between the two chip grooves 5 so that the cutting blades 2 on both sides of the slot 7 fit against the mounting surfaces 51 of the chip grooves 5 and are fixed by fastening screws 6 that pass through the cutting blade 2 and the mounting surfaces 51 .

[0047] In this embodiment, the two chip removal grooves 5 are arranged along the central axis of the cutting segment 4 and are turned 180 degrees, so that the mounting surfaces 51 on the chip removal grooves 5 are in a coplanar state.

[0048] The cutting blade 2 is cut and polished from PCD (polycrystalline diamond) material, and a slot 7 is provided in the middle of the cutting blade 2, so that the cutting blade 2 has a "V-shaped" structure. During installation, the slot 7 is clamped between the two chip grooves 5, so that the cutting blades 2 on both sides of the slot 7 are respectively fitted with the mounting surfaces 51 of the two chip grooves 5, and then during the working process, along the direction of the cutting force, the cutting blade 2 and the cutting segment 4 are fitted more closely, effectively preventing the cutting blade 2 from falling off, and the cutting blade 2 and the cutting segment 4 are fixed by connecting and fixing the cutting blade 2 and the cutting segment 4 with fastening screws 6, and the number of fastening screws 6 can be set according to actual needs, so that when the cutting blade 2 is worn too much, only the cutting blade is replaced, and the tool body can continue to be used, effectively reducing costs.

[0049] Furthermore, the arc-shaped edge of the slot 7 fits the arc shape of the chip removal surface 52 on the chip removal groove 5, thereby cooperating with the installation of the cutting blade 2 on the mounting surface 51, making the installation of the cutting blade 2 in the chip removal groove 5 more fitting, and then during the working process, along the direction of the cutting force, the cutting blade 2 and the cutting segment 4 fit more closely, effectively preventing the cutting blade 2 from falling off.

[0050] Furthermore, when the cutting blade 2 is installed in the chip groove 5 , the cutting blade 2 is installed on the mounting surface 51 , and the cutting blade 2 extends along the top of the mounting surface 51 to the tip of the mounting surface 51 , and is larger than the mounting surface 51 .

[0051] Specifically, the outer diameter D of the cutting blade 2 minus the diameter d of the clamping section 3 is greater than the aperture size Y1 of the large hole 81 on the reverse step hole 8 minus the aperture size Y2 of the small hole 82 .

[0052] The outer diameter D of the cutting blade 2 is smaller than or equal to the aperture size Y2 of the small hole 82 on the reverse step hole 8 .

[0053] In this embodiment, the outer diameter D of the cutting blade 2 is related to the diameter d of the clamping section 3 and the aperture size of the reverse step hole 8 of the same part. Specifically, Dd>Y1-Y2, Y2≥D, where D is the outer diameter of the cutting blade 2, d is the diameter of the clamping section 3, Y1 is the aperture size of the large hole 81 on the reverse step hole 8, and Y2 is the aperture size of the small hole 82 on the reverse step hole 8.

[0054] Specifically, the thickness S of the cutting blade 2 is 0.3 mm to 1 mm.

[0055] Specifically, the cutting blade 2 adopts a drilling and milling integrated structure, and a drilling portion and a milling portion are respectively provided on the cutting blade 2.

[0056] The cutting blade 2 is provided with a drilling portion, and the drilling portion includes a bottom edge 21 opened at the bottom of the cutting blade 2 and a side edge 22 opened at the side of the cutting blade 2 .

[0057] The cutting blade 2 is provided with a milling portion, which includes a side edge 22 opened on the side of the cutting blade 2 and an upper edge 23 opened on the top of the cutting blade 2 .

[0058] Example 2

[0059] refer to Figure 8-Figure 10 , which is a processing method of a tool for processing a narrow cavity reverse step hole of a ceramic-based composite material in this embodiment, and its purpose is to solve the problem that it is difficult for ordinary tools to enter the interior of a part to mill the reverse step hole of the part. The processing method in this embodiment will be described in detail below.

[0060] A method for machining a ceramic-based composite narrow cavity reverse step hole using a tool, comprising the following steps:

[0061] Step S1, prepare a ceramic-based composite part blank with a reverse step hole in a narrow cavity; and determine the aperture size of the directional step hole 8, wherein the aperture size Y1 of the large hole 81 is 14 mm, and the aperture size Y2 of the small hole 82 is 10.5 mm.

[0062] Step S2, fix the blank body on the machine tool, establish a part processing coordinate system on the blank body, and determine the hole center of the reverse step hole 8 on the blank body;

[0063] Step S3, install the tool on the machine tool, find the center of the reverse step hole 8, and use the drilling part of the cutting blade 2 to drill the center of the reverse step hole 8 on the blank to form a small hole 82 of the reverse step hole 8; that is, use the bottom edge 21 and the side edge 22 of the cutting blade 2 to drill the center of the reverse step hole 8 on the blank to form a small hole 82 of the reverse step hole 8, the outer diameter dimension D of the cutting blade 2 is 10.5mm, the diameter dimension d of the clamping section 3 is 6mm, and the thickness S of the cutting blade 2 is 0.5mm.

[0064] Step S4, after forming the small hole 82, continue drilling to complete the pre-drilling of the large hole 81 on the reverse step hole 8;

[0065] Step S5, after the pre-drilling of the large hole 81 is completed, the large hole 81 is reversely milled by using the milling part of the cutting blade 2, and the spindle speed of the machine tool is kept at 2500-3000 r / min during the processing, and the cutting depth is 0.1 mm-0.5 mm;

[0066] In this embodiment, after pre-drilling of the large hole 81 is completed, the tool remains in a paused state and does not retract. Instead, the upper edge 23 of the cutting blade 2 is used as the starting processing surface to reversely mill the large hole 81 of the reverse step hole 8. During processing, the machine tool spindle speed is maintained at 3000r / min and the cutting depth is 0.3mm.

[0067] Step S6: After the milling of the large hole 81 is completed, the tool is retracted along the center of the reverse step hole 8 to avoid damaging the parts during the retraction;

[0068] Step S7: The tool is retracted to the machine tool zero point, and the parts are disassembled and cleaned to complete the part processing.

[0069] Although the specific implementation of the invention is described in detail in conjunction with the drawings, it should not be understood as limiting the scope of protection of this patent. Within the scope described in the claims, various modifications and variations that can be made by those skilled in the art without creative work still fall within the scope of protection of this patent.

Claims

1. A tool for machining a narrow cavity reverse step hole of a ceramic-based composite material, characterized by: It comprises a tool body (1) and a cutting blade (2) capable of drilling and milling; The tool body (1) comprises a connected clamping section (3) for clamping and a cutting section (4) for mounting a cutting blade (2); the cutting section (4) is provided with two chip removal grooves (5), and the cutting blade (2) is embedded in the two chip removal grooves (5) and fixed by means of a fastening screw (6).

2. The tool for machining a ceramic-based composite narrow cavity reverse step hole according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two chip removal grooves (5) are arranged in a 180° flipped arrangement, and the chip removal grooves (5) are opened from the bottom of the cutting segment (4) to the top of the cutting segment (4).

3. The tool for machining a ceramic-based composite narrow cavity reverse step hole according to claim 2, characterized in that: A clamping groove (7) is provided in the middle of the cutting blade (2), and the clamping groove (7) is clamped between the two chip removal grooves (5), so that the cutting blades (2) on both sides of the clamping groove (7) fit the mounting surfaces (51) of the chip removal grooves (5), and are fixed by fastening screws (6) passing through the cutting blade (2) and the mounting surface (51).

4. The tool for machining a ceramic-based composite narrow cavity reverse step hole according to claim 3, characterized in that: The arc-shaped edge of the clamping groove (7) matches the arc shape of the chip removal surface (52) on the chip removal groove (5).

5. The tool for machining a ceramic-based composite narrow cavity reverse step hole according to claim 4, characterized in that: The difference between the outer diameter D of the cutting blade (2) and the diameter d of the clamping section (3) is greater than the difference between the aperture size Y1 of the large hole (81) and the aperture size Y2 of the small hole (82) on the reverse step hole (8).

6. The tool for machining a ceramic-based composite narrow cavity reverse step hole according to claim 5, characterized in that: The outer diameter dimension D of the cutting blade (2) is smaller than or equal to the aperture dimension Y2 of the small hole (82) on the reverse step hole (8).

7. The tool for machining a ceramic-based composite narrow cavity reverse step hole according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness S of the cutting blade (2) is 0.3 mm to 1 mm.

8. The tool for machining a ceramic-based composite narrow cavity reverse step hole according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cutting blade (2) is provided with a drilling portion, and the drilling portion comprises a bottom edge (21) opened at the bottom of the cutting blade (2) and a side edge (22) opened at the side of the cutting blade (2).

9. The tool for machining a ceramic-based composite narrow cavity reverse step hole according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cutting blade (2) is provided with a milling portion, and the milling portion comprises a side edge (22) opened on the side of the cutting blade (2) and an upper edge (23) opened on the top of the cutting blade (2).

10. A method for machining a ceramic-based composite narrow cavity reverse step hole using a tool as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step S1, preparing a ceramic-based composite part blank having a reverse step hole (8) opened in a narrow cavity; Step S2, fixing the blank body on the machine tool, and establishing a part processing coordinate system on the blank body, and determining the hole center of the reverse step hole (8) on the blank body; Step S3, installing the tool on the machine tool, and using the drilling portion of the cutting blade (2) to drill the center of the reverse step hole (8) on the blank body to form a small hole (82) of the reverse step hole (8); Step S4, after forming the small hole (82), continue drilling to complete the pre-drilling of the large hole (81) on the reverse step hole (8); Step S5, after the pre-drilling of the large hole (81) is completed, the large hole (81) is reversely milled by using the milling portion of the cutting blade (2), and the spindle speed of the machine tool is maintained at 2500-3000 r / min during the processing, and the cutting depth is 0.1 mm-0.5 mm; Step S6, after the milling of the large hole (81) is completed, the tool is retracted along the center of the reverse step hole (8) to avoid damaging the parts during the retraction; Step S7: The tool is retracted to the machine tool zero point, and the parts are disassembled and cleaned to complete the part processing.

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