A prefabricated and assembled reinforced concrete culvert splayed wing wall opening structure and process

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of culvert construction, in particular to a precast and assembled reinforced concrete culvert splayed wall opening structure and process. The structure has wing walls arranged on both sides of the culvert opening. Each wing wall includes: a number of precast bases provided with bottom plates; a number of precast retaining plates, which are cross-assembled with the precast bases in sequence from the culvert opening outward to both sides, and the height gradually decreases; a first cast-in-place concrete structure located below the precast retaining plates as its support and cast in place with all the bottom plates together to form a wing wall foundation; a second cast-in-place concrete structure provided between the precast base and the culvert side wall and cast in place with the two together to integrate the culvert and the wing wall. Under the action of the first cast-in-place concrete structure and the second cast-in-place concrete structure, the entire opening structure and the connection with the culvert are integrated, improving the structural stress, enhancing the overall bearing capacity of the opening structure, reducing the material consumption, and effectively saving costs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of culvert construction, and in particular to a prefabricated and assembled reinforced concrete culvert splayed wing wall opening structure and process. Background Art

[0002] In highway engineering construction, as an important drainage and passage facility, the design and construction of culverts have a crucial impact on the overall project quality. The traditional culvert opening usually adopts the splayed wing wall type of opening structure. This design form is widely used because of its good stability, excellent flow guiding performance, strong anti-scouring ability, and wide adaptability. However, currently, the wall body of the splayed wing wall type opening is generally a gravity type wall of M7.5 mortar rubble masonry or a semi-gravity type wall of plain concrete. Most of the construction depends on the on-site cast-in-place process, which has the disadvantages of difficult quality control, long construction period, large environmental impact, and high cost.

[0003] Chinese Patent Invention No. CN106801384A discloses an assembled reinforced concrete splayed wing wall type culvert opening and construction method, which adopts centralized production of precast counterfort reinforced concrete retaining walls and precast cantilever reinforced concrete retaining walls, and is applicable to various types of culvert channels of different sizes through different combinations. The assembly is realized by fixing and connecting the connecting steel plates between adjacent retaining wall segments through embedded screw rods. The main components of it are precast components, which can improve the project quality, shorten the construction period, reduce the project cost, reduce land occupation and environmental pollution without being affected by the external environment, and reflect good economic and social benefits. The precast components in this scheme have to bear large earth pressure and backfill pressure of the wall, and the assembled structure composed of precast components has a weaker bearing capacity compared with the traditional cast-in-place structure, and there is a potential risk of instability. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Aiming at the deficiencies of the existing technology, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a prefabricated and assembled reinforced concrete culvert splayed wing wall opening structure and process. Under the action of the first cast-in-place concrete structure and the second cast-in-place concrete structure, the entire opening structure is connected to the culvert as a whole, improving the structural stress and enhancing the overall bearing capacity of the opening structure. To achieve the above purpose, the present invention is realized through the following technical solutions:

[0005] In a first aspect, a prefabricated and assembled reinforced concrete culvert splayed wing wall opening structure has wing walls arranged on both sides of the culvert opening. Each wing wall includes:

[0006] A number of precast bases provided with a bottom plate;

[0007] A number of precast retaining plates, which are cross-assembled with the precast bases in sequence from the culvert opening outward to both sides, and the height gradually decreases;

[0008] The first cast-in-place concrete structure is located below the precast retaining plate as its support and is cast in place with the entire floor slab to form a wing wall foundation.

[0009] The second cast-in-place concrete structure is provided between the precast pedestal and the culvert side wall and the two are cast in place together, making the culvert and the wing wall form an integral whole.

[0010] As a further implementation method, after installation, the precast pedestal has an inverted T-shaped structure and further includes a vertical plate located above the floor slab. The precast pedestal is connected to the precast retaining plate through the vertical plate.

[0011] As a further implementation method, the vertical plate and the precast retaining plate are connected by setting embedded screw rods and segment connecting steel plates.

[0012] As a further implementation method, the horizontal section of the precast retaining plate is T-shaped, and the precast pedestal further includes a rib plate provided on the side of the vertical plate and forms a rabbet that cooperates with the flange of the precast retaining plate.

[0013] As a further implementation method, the floor slab includes a rear heel plate located outside the wing wall and a front toe plate located inside the wing wall. The extending distance of the front toe plate away from the vertical plate is less than the extending distance of the rear heel plate away from the vertical plate.

[0014] As a further implementation method, the cross-sections of the front toe plate and the rear heel plate in the direction parallel to the vertical plate are both gradually increasing rectangular cross-sections.

[0015] As a further implementation method, the precast pedestal is arranged first and then the precast retaining plate is arranged outward from the culvert entrance.

[0016] As a further implementation method, the precast pedestal and the precast retaining plate are provided with steel bar lifting rings.

[0017] As a further implementation method, the floor slab is cast integrally with the first cast-in-place concrete structure through reserved steel bars.

[0018] In a second aspect, according to the construction process of the precast assembled reinforced concrete culvert splayed wing wall entrance structure described in the first aspect, the following steps are included:

[0019] Make construction preparations, carry out foundation pit excavation, and pour a concrete cushion; produce precast pedestals and precast retaining plates according to design requirements, and hoist them to the designed positions. After the adjacent two-sided precast pedestals are installed in place, start hoisting the precast retaining plates and connect and fix them with embedded screw rods; after hoisting, correct and reinforce the precast pedestals and the precast retaining plates, and then start pouring the first cast-in-place concrete structure and the second cast-in-place concrete structure synchronously, and seal the construction joint with mortar; finally, carry out backfilling of the foundation pit and the soil behind the wall.

[0020] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0021] 1. The precast retaining plates provided in the present invention can bear the earth pressure on the back, and the precast base serves as the supporting force-bearing structure of the assembled retaining wall, which can bear the earth pressure transmitted from the precast retaining plates and the earth pressure of the backfill soil of the wall. During construction, since the precast base and the precast retaining plates are precast components, assembled construction can be carried out. And under the action of the first cast-in-place concrete structure and the second cast-in-place concrete structure, the entire portal structure is connected to the culvert as a whole, improving the structural force-bearing, enhancing the overall bearing capacity of the portal structure, reducing the material consumption, and effectively saving costs.

[0022] 2. The present invention is provided with a second cast-in-place concrete structure. The precast base near the culvert portal is cast integrally with the culvert side wall through the second cast-in-place concrete structure. Through a small amount of cast-in-place construction, it can adapt to different skew angles and enhance the structural adaptability.

[0023] 3. The present invention adopts an industrialized construction method of factory prefabrication and on-site assembly construction. Among them, the precast base and the precast retaining plates are both prefabricated in the factory. The precast segments are transported to the site for assembly construction, without the need for steel bar binding and pouring on the site. This can not only ensure the construction quality, but also make the on-site construction convenient and fast, effectively shortening the construction period, improving the project quality, and reducing environmental pollution, meeting the requirements of industrialized green construction.

[0024] 4. The present invention is provided with a precast base and precast retaining plates, and the assembled construction is carried out on the site in a cross-combination manner, and different combinations are applicable to culvert channels with different heights and skew angles.

[0025] 5. The present invention comprehensively considers factors such as structural force-bearing, component weight, component manufacturing, transportation and installation, etc., and discretizes the overall scheme into multiple components. While ensuring the structural force-bearing, it reduces the difficulty of factory prefabrication and the requirements for on-site hoisting capacity. The components of the present invention have a high degree of standardization, and only a small number of specifications of segments are required to meet the use needs of most culvert portals. By reserving the extended steel bars of the precast components, after positioning and installing on the site, concrete pouring is carried out, which not only enhances the structural integrity, but also is beneficial to the structural force-bearing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] The specification drawings forming a part of the present invention are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The schematic embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation to the present invention.

[0027] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the precast assembled reinforced concrete culvert splayed wing wall portal structure in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 2It is a schematic diagram of a culvert structure with the hole structure in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 3 It is one wing wall of the splayed wing wall hole structure of the precast assembled reinforced concrete culvert in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the overall precast base in one wing wall in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 5 It is a structural drawing of the precast base in one wing wall in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 6 It is a structural drawing of the precast retaining plate in one wing wall in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 7 It is a structural drawing of the second cast-in-place concrete structure in one wing wall in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the connection between the precast retaining plate and the precast base in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] In the figure: The distances or dimensions between each part are exaggerated for showing the positions of each part, and the schematic diagram is only for illustration.

[0036] Among them: 1. Precast base; 11. Bottom plate; 12. Vertical plate; 13. Rib plate; 111. Front toe plate; 112. Rear heel plate; 2. Precast retaining plate; 21. Flange; 3. First cast-in-place concrete structure; 4. Second cast-in-place concrete structure; 5. Embedded screw; 6. Segment connection steel plate. Detailed implementation mode

[0037] It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further illustration of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used in the present invention have the same meaning as commonly understood by those of ordinary skill in the technical field to which the present invention belongs.

[0038] Embodiment 1

[0039] In a typical implementation mode of the present invention, refer to Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown in the figure, a prefabricated and assembled reinforced concrete culvert splayed wing wall opening structure has wing walls arranged on both sides of the culvert opening. Each wing wall includes a number of precast bases 1, a number of precast retaining plates 2, a first cast-in-place concrete structure 3, and a second cast-in-place concrete structure 4. The number of precast bases 1 and the number of precast retaining plates 2 extend outward from the opening and are sequentially cross-assembled on both sides, and the height gradually decreases. Specifically, in the construction sequence, starting from the culvert opening and moving outward, the precast base 1 needs to be set first and then the precast retaining plate 2, and then they are sequentially cross-assembled. The precast base 1 set first from the culvert opening outward is Figure 4 the precast base 1 with the highest height among them. After all the precast bases 1 and precast retaining plates 2 are set, the pouring of the first cast-in-place concrete structure 3 and the second cast-in-place concrete structure 4 is carried out. As Figure 2 and Figure 3 shown, the formed second cast-in-place concrete structure 4 is located between the precast base 1 and the culvert opening.

[0040] The precast base 1 and the precast retaining plate 2 are prefabricated and produced in the factory first, and then the precast segments are transported to the site for assembly construction. There is no need for steel bar binding and pouring on the site, which can not only ensure the construction quality, but also make the on-site construction convenient and fast, effectively shorten the construction period, improve the project quality, and reduce environmental pollution, meeting the requirements of industrialized green construction.

[0041] The first cast-in-place concrete structure 3 is located below the precast retaining plate 2 as its support. The precast base 1 is provided with a bottom plate 11. The bottom plate 11 is cast-in-place with the first cast-in-place concrete structure 3 on the side through reserved protruding steel bars (not shown in the figure) to form the wing wall foundation, which serves as the bottom foundation of the wing wall.

[0042] It can be understood that, as Figure 3 and Figure 5 shown, the reserved protruding steel bars are specifically arranged on the side of the bottom plate 11 close to the precast retaining plate 2. One end of the reserved protruding steel bar is fixed inside the bottom plate 11 and extends out from the side of the bottom plate 11, so that after the precast base 1 and the precast retaining plate 2 are installed, the reserved protruding steel bars can be located directly below the precast retaining plate 2, facilitating the subsequent pouring of the reserved protruding steel bars inside the first cast-in-place concrete structure 3 to improve the strength.

[0043] The precast base 1 near the culvert opening is cast-in-place with the culvert side wall through the second cast-in-place concrete structure 4 to form an integral body. The set second cast-in-place concrete structure 4 can adapt to different skew angles through cast-in-place construction, enhancing the structural applicability.

[0044] The precast retaining plate 2 provided in this embodiment can bear the earth pressure on the back, and the precast base 1 serves as the bearing structure of the assembled retaining wall to bear the earth pressure transmitted from the precast retaining plate 2 and the earth pressure of the backfill soil of the wall. During construction, since the precast base 1 and the precast retaining plate 2 are precast components, they can be assembled and constructed. And under the action of the first cast-in-place concrete structure 3 and the second cast-in-place concrete structure 4, the entire hole structure is connected to the culvert as a whole, improving the structural stress and enhancing the overall bearing capacity of the hole structure.

[0045] As Figure 4 shown, the precast base 1 is a precast reinforced concrete component, which is processed and manufactured in the factory. It is a variable-height component. From the position close to the culvert entrance to the position far from the culvert entrance, the height of the arranged precast base 1 gradually decreases.

[0046] As Figure 5 shown, the installed precast base 1 is an inverted T-shaped structure, which is composed of a bottom plate 11, a vertical plate 12 and a rib plate 13. The vertical plate 12 mainly plays a role in vertical support. The bottom plate 11 includes a front toe plate 111 and a rear heel plate 112. The rear heel plate 112 is located outside the wing wall, and the front toe plate 111 is located inside the wing wall. The extension distance of the front toe plate 111 in the direction away from the vertical plate 12 is less than the extension distance of the rear heel plate 112 in the direction away from the vertical plate 12. The widths of the front toe plate 111 and the rear heel plate 112 are the same.

[0047] The cross-section of the front toe plate 111 in the direction parallel to the vertical plate 12 is an increasing rectangular cross-section, and the cross-section of the rear heel plate 112 in the direction parallel to the vertical plate 12 is also an increasing rectangular cross-section.

[0048] A rib plate 13 is arranged on one side of the vertical plate 12 located outside the wing wall, and the rib plate 13 plays a role in reinforcement. The positions of the rib plate 13 on the vertical plates 12 of the precast bases 1 at different heights are different. For the precast base 1 arranged in the middle, the rib plate 13 is located at the middle position of the vertical plate 12, and the vertical plate 12 and the rib plate 13 are horizontally cut into a T-shaped cross-section. For the precast bases 1 arranged at the beginning and the end, the rib plate 13 is located at the side position of the vertical plate 12, and the vertical plate 12 and the rib plate 13 are horizontally cut into an L-shaped cross-section. The purpose is to cooperate with the assembly of the precast retaining plate 2.

[0049] As Figure 6 shown, the precast retaining plate 2 is a precast reinforced concrete component, which is processed and manufactured in the factory. It is also a variable-height component. From the position close to the culvert entrance to the position far from the culvert entrance, the height of the arranged precast retaining plate 2 gradually decreases. The horizontal section of the precast retaining plate 2 is a T-shaped section. The flanges 21 on both sides are used to buckle on the precast base 1, and the assembly connection with the precast base 1 is realized by fixing the section connecting steel plate 6 through the embedded screw rod 5, as Figure 8 shown; the precast retaining plate 2 can be integrally formed or discrete into multiple plate pieces, and the upper and lower plates can be spliced through a tongue-and-groove structure.

[0050] The precast base 1 is positioned at a variable height in the direction of the splayed wall at the specified location. After positioning is completed, the assembly construction of the precast retaining plate 2 is carried out. The precast retaining plate 2 is used in conjunction with the precast base 1. After assembly and positioning, it is fixedly connected by bolts, and its height is adjusted according to the precast bases 1 on both sides.

[0051] The two sides of the precast base 1 and the precast retaining plate 2 are positioned and installed through tongue-and-groove joints, and then fixedly connected to the precast base 1 by bolts. During installation, align the tongue-and-groove module of the precast base 1 with the tongue-and-groove module of the precast retaining plate 2. After installation in place, connect them with bolts, and then carry out waterproof treatment.

[0052] The precast base 1 is cast into a whole through the first cast-in-place concrete structure 3. During the prefabrication of the precast base 1 in the factory, connecting steel bars are reserved. After the on-site positioning and installation are completed, steel bar binding, formwork erection, and pouring of the concrete of the first cast-in-place concrete structure 3 are carried out at the construction site.

[0053] The first cast-in-place concrete structure 3 is a cast-in-place long strip reinforced concrete foundation, which forms an integral foundation with the bottom plate 11 of the precast base 1 through cast-in-place concrete and is set on both sides of the culvert.

[0054] The precast base 1 is provided with steel bar lifting rings on the side and back of the vertical plate 12, on the sides of the back heel plate 112 and the front toe plate 111, and on the upper surface of the back heel plate 112.

[0055] Steel bar lifting rings are provided on the back, upper and lower surfaces of the precast retaining plate 2. The steel bar lifting rings are used for the hoisting and transportation of components and on-site positioning and installation.

[0056] As Figure 1 and Figure 7 shown, a second cast-in-place concrete structure 4 is reserved between the precast base 1 near the culvert entrance and the culvert entrance. The precast base 1 needs to extend the steel bars outward. The second cast-in-place concrete structure 4 uses cast-in-place concrete to connect the precast base 1 with the extended steel bars outside the culvert side wall. The concrete of the second cast-in-place concrete structure 4 can be poured simultaneously with the first cast-in-place concrete structure 3.

[0057] In the expressway culvert project, there will be a certain skew angle between the culvert center line and the expressway center line. The culvert entrance scheme of this embodiment can adapt to the selection method of the entrance under different skew angles, and adjust the opening angle of the wing wall and adapt to culverts of different heights through the culvert side wall and the first cast-in-place concrete structure 3. The wing wall of this embodiment can match the angle range of 45° to 135° between the culvert main body and the highway route.

[0058] Both the precast base 1 and the precast retaining plate 2 adopt factory prefabrication and assembly construction. After the precast modules are prefabricated by a professional factory, they are transported to the site by a special vehicle. After being unloaded by a crane and passing the inspection, on-site installation construction is carried out.

[0059] Example 2

[0060] This embodiment provides a construction process for the precast assembled reinforced concrete culvert splayed wing wall opening structure according to Embodiment 1, including the following steps:

[0061] 1. Construction preparation:

[0062] Conduct a detailed survey of the construction site to determine the opening position, size and foundation conditions, ensure that the construction area is flat and has the conditions for assembly construction; conduct technical disclosure to clarify the technical requirements and precautions for each process; mobilize lifting equipment, construction tools and precast components to ensure smooth transportation paths, reasonable site layout and safe and orderly material stacking.

[0063] 2. Foundation pit excavation:

[0064] According to the design requirements, conduct precise measurement and setting out, excavate the foundation pit, support the slopes of the excavation area, level and compact the bottom of the foundation pit, and conduct replacement filling or cushion treatment if necessary to ensure that the foundation bearing capacity meets the design requirements.

[0065] 3. Cushion construction:

[0066] Pour the concrete cushion to ensure that the flatness of the cushion meets the requirements. After the concrete reaches a certain strength, proceed to the next construction step.

[0067] 4. Installation of precast base 1:

[0068] When the cushion construction is completed and meets the design requirements, start hoisting the precast base 1 that has been produced.

[0069] 5. Installation of precast retaining plate 2:

[0070] When the adjacent two precast bases 1 are installed in place, start hoisting the precast retaining plate 2 that has been produced and connect and fix it with the embedded screw 5.

[0071] 6. Alignment and reinforcement of precast components:

[0072] Use measuring tools to align the verticality, flatness, etc. of the installed precast components to ensure the accuracy of component installation. If necessary, use temporary supports for reinforcement to ensure stability during the installation process.

[0073] 7. Cast-in-place structure construction:

[0074] After the alignment of the precast retaining plate 2 and the precast base 1 is completed, formwork is erected to pour the first cast-in-place concrete structure 3, and the second cast-in-place concrete structure 4 is poured synchronously.

[0075] 8. Mortar plugging:

[0076] After installation, the mortar plugging of the embedded bolt holes on the precast retaining plate 2 and the construction joints between it and the precast base 1 can be carried out.

[0077] 9. Quality inspection and acceptance:

[0078] Comprehensively inspect the installation accuracy, joint treatment, grouting quality, etc. of the precast components to ensure that the construction quality meets the design requirements.

[0079] 10. Waterproofing, drainage, foundation pit and backfilling construction of the soil behind the wall:

[0080] Carry out the waterproofing and drainage construction of the structure, the earthwork of the foundation pit, and the backfilling operation of the soil behind the wall, and compact the backfill soil layer by layer. During the construction process, the backfilling range behind the wall should be symmetrically filled on both sides of the rib plate with small compaction equipment and compacted layer by layer, avoiding the use of heavy machinery.

[0081] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, various modifications and changes can be made to the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A prefabricated reinforced concrete culvert eight-shaped wall opening structure, characterized in that: The wing walls are arranged on both sides of the culvert opening, and each side of the wing wall includes: If the interference base is controlled, a bottom plate is provided; If there is an interference retaining plate, it is assembled and combined with the prefabricated base in sequence from the culvert opening to the outside and both sides, and the height is gradually reduced; A first cast-in-place concrete structure is located below the prefabricated retaining plate as its support and is cast on-site with the entire bottom plate to form a wing wall foundation; the bottom plate is cast as a whole with the first cast-in-place concrete structure through reserved steel bars; A second cast-in-place concrete structure is disposed between the precast base and the culvert side wall and the two are cast together on site so that the culvert and the wing wall form a whole; After installation, the prefabricated base is in an inverted T-shaped structure, and further comprises a vertical plate located above the bottom plate, and the prefabricated base is connected to the prefabricated retaining plate through the vertical plate; A rib plate is arranged on one side of the vertical plate located outside the wing wall, a prefabricated base is arranged in the middle, the rib plate is located in the middle of the vertical plate, the vertical plate and the rib plate are horizontally cut into a T-shaped section, a prefabricated base is arranged at the beginning and the end, the rib plate is located at the side of the vertical plate, the vertical plate and the rib plate are horizontally cut into an L-shaped section to match the assembly with the prefabricated retaining plate; The horizontal section of the prefabricated retaining plate is T-shaped, and the prefabricated base also includes a rib plate arranged on the side of the vertical plate and forming a tongue and groove that cooperates with the flange of the prefabricated retaining plate; The prefabricated base and the two sides of the prefabricated retaining plate are installed by tongue-and-groove positioning. During installation, the tongue-and-groove module of the prefabricated base is aligned with the tongue-and-groove module of the prefabricated retaining plate and installed in place; Prefabricated foundations and prefabricated retaining boards are produced according to design requirements and hoisted to the designed position. The prefabricated foundations are first set and then the prefabricated retaining boards from the culvert opening outward; when the prefabricated foundations on both adjacent sides are installed in place, the prefabricated retaining boards are hoisted and connected and fixed with embedded screws; after hoisting, the prefabricated foundations and prefabricated retaining boards are corrected and reinforced, and then the first cast-in-place concrete structure and the second cast-in-place concrete structure are cast simultaneously, and the construction joints are sealed with mortar; finally, the foundation pit and the backfilling of the soil behind the wall are carried out.

2. A prefabricated reinforced concrete culvert splayed wall opening structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vertical plate is connected to the prefabricated retaining plate by arranging embedded screw rods and segment connecting steel plates.

3. The prefabricated reinforced concrete culvert splayed wall opening structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The bottom plate includes a rear heel plate located outside the wing wall and a front toe plate located inside the wing wall, wherein the extension distance of the front toe plate away from the vertical plate is smaller than the extension distance of the rear heel plate away from the vertical plate.

4. The prefabricated reinforced concrete culvert splayed wall opening structure according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The cross sections of the front toe plate and the rear heel plate in the direction parallel to the vertical plate are both gradually increasing rectangular cross sections.

5. The prefabricated reinforced concrete culvert splayed wall opening structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The prefabricated base and the prefabricated retaining plate are provided with steel bar hanging rings.

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