Complete TBM (Tunnel Boring Machine) rollback preferential rail dismounting construction method

Abstract

The invention discloses a TBM complete machine rollback priority rail dismounting construction method. The method comprises the steps that a transportation rail from the tail end of TBM equipment to a tunnel opening is dismounted; muck is removed from the tail end of the TBM equipment to the cave mouth, meanwhile, the circulation process is executed till the TBM equipment returns to the cave mouth, and the circulation process comprises the steps that a10, a transportation track at an equipment bridge is dismantled; a20, the transportation track dismantled in the step a10 is laid on the tunnel bottom, where muck is removed, of the tail of the TBM equipment, and the transportation track is connected with a transportation track at the bottom of the TBM equipment; a30, whether muck residues exist between the tail end of the supporting shield and the front end of a transportation track at the bottom of the TBM equipment or not is checked, and if yes, the residual muck is cleaned; and a40, the TBM equipment is controlled to retreat to set the stroke. Before the whole TBM retreats, the track from the tail of the TBM to the inside of the tunnel is preferentially and integrally dismantled at a time, auxiliary slag removal can be carried out by entering the tunnel through small equipment, and the retreating construction efficiency is greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of TBM construction, and in particular to a TBM whole machine retreat priority rail removal construction method. Background Art

[0002] TBM (Tunnel Boring Machine) is a large-scale, efficient tunnel construction machine that integrates multiple functions such as excavation, mucking, guiding, support, ventilation and dust prevention. At the end of tunnel construction, the whole machine needs to be rolled back. The current TBM whole machine rollback process is usually: when the whole machine is rolled back, the current section of the transport track is simultaneously dismantled and the slag is cleaned. Since the fine slag and powder generated during TBM excavation cannot be completely removed by the TBM equipment, and the slag is dropped by the slag belt on the TBM equipment, it usually accumulates at the bottom of the tunnel. The thickest can reach about 20cm. At the same time, the steel sleepers and rails of the transport track are also auxiliary at the bottom of the tunnel, which makes it difficult to use mechanized operations when the rollback process needs to clean the slag. A large amount of manual work is required, which results in low efficiency in the slag cleaning link and a longer single TBM rollback cycle. Summary of the invention

[0003] The problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a construction method for TBM whole machine retraction with priority track removal, so as to remove the transport track in the slag cleaning area in advance, thereby increasing the slag cleaning operation efficiency, shortening the single TBM retraction cycle, and improving the retraction efficiency.

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a TBM whole machine retreat priority rail removal construction method, comprising:

[0005] Remove the transport track from the tail end of the TBM equipment to the tunnel entrance;

[0006] Starting from the rear end of the TBM equipment, the soil is cleaned towards the tunnel entrance, and a cycle process is performed until the TBM equipment returns to the tunnel entrance. The cycle process includes:

[0007] Step a10: dismantle the transport track at the equipment bridge;

[0008] Step a20: laying the transport track removed in step a10 on the bottom of the tunnel where the debris has been cleared at the tail of the TBM equipment, and connecting it to the transport track at the bottom of the TBM equipment;

[0009] Step a30: Check whether there is any debris left between the rear end of the support shield and the front end of the transport track at the bottom of the TBM equipment. If so, clean up the remaining debris;

[0010] Step a40: Control the TBM equipment to retreat to a set stroke.

[0011] In the above-mentioned TBM whole machine retraction priority rail removal construction method, different from the previous TBM whole machine retraction process (the transport track is removed and slag is cleared simultaneously when the whole machine is retracted), this method is to first remove the track from the tail of the TBM to the inside of the tunnel at one time before the TBM is retracted, and small equipment can be used to enter the tunnel for auxiliary slag removal. In addition, the slag removal operation in the tunnel is carried out in advance to ensure that the slag removal and retraction are carried out simultaneously after a sufficient working surface is ensured, which improves the utilization rate of TBM retraction workers and greatly improves the retraction efficiency.

[0012] Preferably, the slag is cleaned from the tail end of the TBM equipment to the cave entrance. A small loader and an agricultural tricycle can be used to clean the slag in the cave, which can improve the degree of mechanization and work efficiency and reduce the input of personnel. In addition, a curved bucket can be added to the loader to make it more suitable for TBM chamber slag cleaning operations and improve work efficiency.

[0013] Furthermore, the TBM whole machine retreat priority rail removal construction method also includes:

[0014] Site preparation: Clear away materials and supplies not related to the TBM retreat operation inside the tunnel and on the industrial square at the tunnel entrance.

[0015] Furthermore, the TBM whole machine retreat priority rail removal construction method also includes:

[0016] TBM equipment preparation: dock the TBM equipment on the completed work surface for maintenance and removal of removable parts not related to the TBM rollback operation.

[0017] Furthermore, after step a20 and before step a40, the method further includes:

[0018] Step a25, support removal: Check whether there is any temporary support within a set distance behind the TBM equipment, and remove it if there is.

[0019] Preferably, the set distance is greater than the laying length of the bottom track of the equipment bridge, and the laying length of the bottom track of the equipment bridge is greater than the set stroke.

[0020] Furthermore, after step a20 and before step a40, the method further includes:

[0021] Step a26, recovering the wind, water and electricity facilities between the rear end of the support shield and the front end of the transport track at the bottom of the TBM equipment.

[0022] Further, step a40 includes: controlling the TBM equipment to cyclically execute the following steps b1-b4 until the TBM equipment retreats to a set stroke,

[0023] Step b1: The front shield stabilizer extends out to support the cave wall, and the thrust cylinder extends out to make the support shield and the rear supporting parts retreat;

[0024] Step b2: Extend the support shield boots to hold the cave wall tight;

[0025] Step b3: retract the front shield stabilizer;

[0026] Step b4: The propulsion cylinder is retracted to cause the front shield and the main engine to move back.

[0027] Preferably, the stroke is set to 2-4 times the single step excavation stroke of the TBM equipment.

[0028] Furthermore, the TBM whole machine retreat and priority rail removal construction method also includes: using the starting walking frame to withdraw the TBM from the chamber.

[0029] In summary, the above-mentioned TBM whole machine retraction priority track removal construction method has the following beneficial effects: the transport track in the slag cleaning area is removed in advance, so that the slag cleaning operation efficiency is high, the single TBM retraction cycle is shortened, and the retraction efficiency is improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] In the attached picture:

[0031] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of the TBM whole machine retreat priority rail removal construction method of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The specific embodiments of the present invention are further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the description of these embodiments is used to help understand the present invention, but does not constitute a limitation of the present invention.

[0033] Example 1

[0034] Figure 1 The present invention shows a TBM whole machine retreat priority rail removal construction method. Figure 1 As shown, the TBM whole machine retreat and priority rail removal construction method includes the following steps S05-S30, which is used for long-distance whole machine retreat construction of TBM tunneling, and the tunnel length can reach two kilometers.

[0035] Step S05: TBM rollback preparation work. Before the rollback begins, relevant preparation work needs to be carried out, including but not limited to the following site preparation and TBM equipment preparation.

[0036] (1) Site preparation: clean up materials not related to the TBM withdrawal operation in the tunnel and on the industrial square at the tunnel entrance. For example, before the TBM starts to withdraw, it is necessary to clean up and remove unnecessary materials in the industrial square area, dismantle the slag conveyor outside the tunnel, transport the TBM equipment and materials, and clean the shuttle car and transport it outside the site (to make room for the removal of the rails).

[0037] (2) TBM equipment preparation: The TBM equipment is docked on the completed working surface for maintenance and removal of removable parts not related to the TBM retraction operation. The entire TBM equipment is temporarily docked on the completed working surface. The equipment is only maintained and some removable parts are removed, such as removing the outermost rollers and scraper plates of the cutter head, removing the primary air duct, removing the sewage pipe, and removing the side cutter. According to the structural dimensions of the equipment, the outermost side cutters and scrapers of the cutter head are first removed before the equipment is retracted to ensure that the clearance in the tunnel is not less than φ3.5m so that it can be retracted normally.

[0038] In order to facilitate the subsequent cleaning of the slag between the tail end of the support shield and the front end of the transport track at the bottom of the TBM equipment, the No. 1 belt can be removed to increase the working space at the tail end of the support shield. The No. 1 belt is usually located near the cutterhead. Its main function is to transport the slag generated by the cutterhead during excavation from the cutterhead area to the vicinity of the control room or other designated preliminary collection points. This step is a key link in the slag treatment process and provides a basis for subsequent longer-distance transportation and final treatment.

[0039] Step S10: Remove the transport track from the tail end of the TBM equipment to the tunnel entrance. A rail removal crane can be installed on a flatbed truck to assist in the removal. After the transport track from the tail end of the TBM equipment to the tunnel entrance is removed, only the track at the bottom of the rear supporting equipment of the TBM equipment is left. When retreating, the transport track at the bottom of the equipment bridge is laid backwards in a loop to support the retreat.

[0040] Step S20: Clean the debris from the rear end of the TBM equipment toward the tunnel entrance, and execute the cycle process until the TBM equipment returns to the tunnel entrance.

[0041] The removal and cleaning of the debris at the bottom of the tunnel starts from the tail of the TBM and can be carried out simultaneously with the TBM's retreat. It is only necessary to ensure that the retreat journey has been cleaned up, which greatly saves time. In addition, since the debris is cleaned from the tail of the TBM equipment to the tunnel entrance, there is no influence from the transportation track, and the cleaning quality and efficiency are also high. The specific slag cleaning in the tunnel can be done by using an agricultural dump truck (with raised steel plates) in combination with a loader (with welded arc steel plates).

[0042] Specifically, the cycle process includes the following steps a10 to a40.

[0043] Step a10: Remove the transport track at the equipment bridge.

[0044] Step a20: Lay the transport track removed in step a10 on the bottom of the tunnel at the rear of the TBM equipment where the debris has been cleared, and connect it to the transport track at the bottom of the TBM equipment.

[0045] Step a25, support removal: Check whether there is temporary support within the set distance behind the TBM equipment. If there is, remove it. If not, end step a25. Optionally, after removal, check the clearance section of the support to ensure that the clearance of the section meets the retreat limit. As the TBM retreats, remove the temporary support in the tunnel in turn, and check the clearance section. Only after confirmation can the subsequent retreat be carried out.

[0046] The set distance is a dimension set according to actual conditions. Specifically, it must be longer than the laying length of the bottom track of the equipment bridge. The laying length of the bottom track of the equipment bridge must be longer than the step length of each retraction. The TBM device will reach the set stroke only after multiple retractions each time. The set stroke is also a given value based on actual conditions.

[0047] Step a26, recycle the wind, water and electricity facilities between the rear end of the support shield and the front end of the transport track at the bottom of the TBM equipment. As the equipment retreats, remove the water inlet pipe, return pipe, wind belt, lighting line and high-voltage cable and recycle them.

[0048] Step a30: Check whether there is any debris left between the rear end of the support shield and the front end of the transport track at the bottom of the TBM equipment. If so, clean up the residual debris. If not, end step a30. Optionally, after cleaning up the residual debris, check the clearance section between the rear end of the support shield and the front end of the transport track at the bottom of the TBM equipment to ensure that the clearance section meets the retraction limit.

[0049] Since the debris at the bottom of the main machine area and the rear supporting area was not cleaned in advance when the backtracking started, the method of cleaning the debris while backtracking and removing the track was adopted. The debris was cleaned after the track was removed and before backtracking, which was very convenient and quick, and would not affect the backtracking operation. In addition, during the backtracking process, the support removal, as well as the removal of wind, water, and electrical equipment will be accompanied. Therefore, when the equipment is backed to the area where the debris has been cleaned in advance, it is still necessary to check and clean the debris, that is, before each backtracking setting in step a40, it is necessary to check and check between the tail end of the support shield and the front end of the transport track at the bottom of the TBM equipment, and clean the debris in time to ensure that the cross-section clearance meets the backtracking limit.

[0050] Step a40: Control the TBM equipment to retreat to a set stroke. The TBM adopts a double shield structure, which specifically includes controlling the TBM equipment to cyclically execute the following steps b1-b4 until the TBM equipment retreats to a set stroke. The whole machine retreats by relying on the front shield stabilizer and the support shield shoe system to provide reaction force, and retreats in sequence through the propulsion system.

[0051] The stroke is usually set to 2.5-3.5m, usually 3m, and one step back is one step, usually about 1m, that is, the stroke is set to 3 times the single step forward stroke. According to the specific design of the equipment structure, the whole machine retreats by relying on the front shield stabilizer to provide reaction force for the support shield and the rear supporting equipment. The support shield support boots are retracted, the front shield stabilizer is extended to hold the tunnel wall tightly, and the thrust cylinder is extended to realize the retreat of the support shield and the rear supporting equipment. The rear supporting parts of the TBM equipment are all located on the transport track and do not come into direct contact with the tunnel wall.

[0052] Step b1: The front shield stabilizer extends out to support the cave wall, and the thrust cylinder extends out to make the support shield and the rear accessories retreat, generally retreating one stepping stroke.

[0053] Step b2: Extend the support shield boots to hold the cave wall tight.

[0054] Step b3: Retract the front shield stabilizer.

[0055] Step b4: The propulsion cylinder is retracted to cause the front shield and the main engine to retreat, generally retreating one stepping stroke.

[0056] Step S30: Use the starting stepping frame to withdraw the TBM from the chamber. The TBM retreats from the chamber entrance by relying on the starting stepping frame and the auxiliary cylinder to provide thrust. The stepping frame needs to be installed at the chamber entrance in advance. After withdrawing from the chamber entrance, the TBM is dismantled and withdrawn.

[0057] The principle of the retraction process with priority rail removal is: after the TBM excavation is completed, the entire equipment is temporarily parked on the completed working surface, and the equipment only performs maintenance and removal of some detachable parts. Then the first step is to remove the transport track from the tail of the TBM to the industrial square outside the tunnel, retaining a small number of sleepers and rails equipped with the TBM; the second step is to use corresponding mechanical equipment and manual cooperation to remove and clean the bottom of the tunnel; the third step is to retract the entire machine. The second step of removing and cleaning the bottom of the tunnel starts from the tail of the TBM, so the second and third steps can be carried out simultaneously.

[0058] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit its protection scope. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, ordinary technicians in the field should understand that after reading the present invention, those skilled in the art can still make various changes, modifications or equivalent substitutions to the specific implementation methods of the invention, but these changes, modifications or equivalent substitutions are all within the protection scope of the pending claims of the invention.

Claims

1. A TBM whole machine retreat priority rail removal construction method, characterized in that: include: Remove the transport track from the tail end of the TBM equipment to the tunnel entrance; Starting from the rear end of the TBM equipment, the debris is cleaned towards the tunnel entrance, and a cycle process is performed until the TBM equipment returns to the tunnel entrance. The cycle process includes: Step a10: dismantle the transport track at the equipment bridge; Step a20: laying the transport track removed in step a10 on the bottom of the tunnel where the debris has been cleared at the tail of the TBM equipment, and connecting it to the transport track at the bottom of the TBM equipment; Step a30: Check whether there is any debris left between the rear end of the support shield and the front end of the transport track at the bottom of the TBM equipment. If so, clean up the remaining debris; Step a40: Control the TBM equipment to retreat to a set stroke.

2. A TBM whole machine retreat priority rail removal construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: Site preparation: Clear away materials and supplies not related to the TBM retreat operation inside the tunnel and on the industrial square at the tunnel entrance.

3. A TBM whole machine retreat priority rail removal construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: TBM equipment preparation: dock the TBM equipment on the completed work surface for maintenance and removal of removable parts not related to the TBM rollback operation.

4. A TBM whole machine retreat priority rail removal construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: After step a20 and before step a40, the method further includes: Step a25, support removal: Check whether there is any temporary support within a set distance behind the TBM equipment, and remove it if there is.

5. A TBM whole machine retreat priority rail removal construction method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The set distance is greater than the laying length of the bottom track of the equipment bridge, and the laying length of the bottom track of the equipment bridge is greater than the set stroke.

6. A TBM whole machine retreat priority rail removal construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: After step a20 and before step a40, the method further includes: Step a26, recovering the wind, water and electricity facilities between the rear end of the support shield and the front end of the transport track at the bottom of the TBM equipment.

7. A TBM whole machine retreat priority rail removal construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step a40 includes: controlling the TBM equipment to cyclically execute the following steps b1-b4 until the TBM equipment retreats to a set stroke, Step b1: The front shield stabilizer extends out to support the cave wall, and the thrust cylinder extends out to make the support shield and the rear supporting parts retreat; Step b2: Extend the support shield boots to hold the cave wall tight; Step b3: retract the front shield stabilizer; Step b4: The propulsion cylinder is retracted to cause the front shield and the main engine to move back.

8. A TBM whole machine retreat priority rail removal construction method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The travel distance is set to 2-4 times the single step excavation travel distance of the TBM equipment.

9. A TBM whole machine retreat priority rail removal construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: Use the starting walking frame to move the TBM out of the chamber.

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