Gear speed change system

Abstract

The invention provides a gear speed change system. The gear speed change system comprises a driving device, a first speed changer, a hydraulic pump, a hydraulic motor and a second speed changer. Each of the first transmission and the second transmission comprises two wet clutches, four gear shafts, six forward gears and a synchronizer; the first transmission further comprises a power output gear and a power output shaft; the driving device, the first transmission, the hydraulic pump, the hydraulic motor and the second transmission are sequentially connected in series. Before gear shifting, a joint sleeve in the synchronizer is jointed with a target gear in advance, and during gear shifting, a clutch of an original gear power transmission route is separated, and a clutch of a target gear power transmission route is jointed. Stepless regulation can be carried out on the output rotating speed within a plurality of ranges, the economical efficiency of a vehicle is improved, meanwhile, the defect that power transmission is interrupted when gears of a traditional gear transmission are changed is overcome, the vehicle running smoothness is improved, and the service life of a transmission and running system is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of vehicles, and in particular relates to a gear speed change system. Background Art

[0002] The roads and farmland in hilly and mountainous areas are complex, and the load of agricultural vehicles varies greatly. At present, the comprehensive mechanization rate of crop cultivation and harvesting in typical hilly and mountainous counties in southern my country is less than 50%, with shortcomings in technology and popularization rate.

[0003] The number of gears in the transmission system equipped with a stepped mechanical transmission is limited, making it difficult for the drive device to operate efficiently over a large time range. In addition, the traditional stepped mechanical transmission will interrupt the power transmission when the gear is switched, which not only causes obvious frustration, but also easily causes the transmission system to be impacted under variable load conditions, which is not conducive to improving the service life of the equipment. Although the common dual-clutch mechanical transmission on the market can solve the problem of power transmission interruption during gear shifting, it has the disadvantages of complex structure, high design and manufacturing costs, large shaft diameter and mass, and uneven torque transmission capacity of the inner and outer clutches. The hydraulic transmission system has a stepless speed change characteristic, but has the defect of low transmission efficiency. At present, there are also systems that combine the hydraulic transmission system with a stepped mechanical transmission, but basically they all adopt a series and parallel hybrid mode, and also include a planetary gear system. The structure is relatively complex, which greatly increases the difficulty of design, layout and production and manufacturing, and it is impossible to make the entire transmission system perform stepless speed change within a certain range, and it is impossible to expand the working range of the hydraulic transmission system, resulting in low transmission efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a gear transmission system with the functions of seamless gear switching and stepless speed regulation within a certain range, so that vehicles equipped with this system can better adapt to harsh working environments with large and changeable loads. At the same time, it can enable the drive device to operate in a more optimal working range, thereby expanding its working range and improving the economy of the vehicle.

[0005] The present invention achieves the above technical objectives through the following technical means.

[0006] A gear transmission system includes a driving device, a first transmission, a hydraulic pump, a hydraulic motor, a second transmission, and a rear axle connected in series in sequence; the first transmission and the second transmission each include two wet clutches, four gear shafts, six forward gears, and a synchronizer; the first transmission also includes a power output gear and a power output shaft.

[0007] Further, the first transmission includes a first transmission second gear driving gear, a first transmission second gear driven gear, a first transmission first gear driving gear, a first transmission first gear driven gear, a first transmission third gear driving gear, a first transmission third gear driven gear, a first transmission first and third gear wet clutches, a first transmission second gear wet clutch, a first transmission synchronizer, a first transmission input shaft, a first transmission second shaft, a first transmission third shaft, a first transmission output shaft, a power output gear and a power output shaft.

[0008] Furthermore, the first transmission input shaft is connected to the driving device, and the first transmission output shaft is connected to the hydraulic pump; the hydraulic pump is connected to the hydraulic motor and is located between the first transmission and the second transmission, so that the first transmission and the second transmission are connected in series.

[0009] Furthermore, the second gear driving gear of the first transmission is installed on the first transmission input shaft and rotates together with the first transmission input shaft; the first gear driving gear of the first transmission and the third gear driving gear of the first transmission are installed on the second shaft of the first transmission and rotate together with the second shaft of the first transmission; the second gear driven gear of the first transmission is installed on the third shaft of the first transmission and rotates together with the third shaft of the first transmission; the first gear driven gear of the first transmission and the third gear driven gear of the first transmission are sleeved on the output shaft of the first transmission, and when the first transmission synchronizer sleeve is engaged with the first gear driven gear of the first transmission or the third gear driven gear of the first transmission, the output shaft of the first transmission rotates with the first gear driven gear of the first transmission or the third gear driven gear of the first transmission, or when the second gear wet clutch of the first transmission is engaged, the output shaft of the first transmission rotates with the third shaft of the first transmission.

[0010] Furthermore, the first and third gear wet clutches of the first transmission are arranged between the first transmission input shaft and the first transmission second shaft; the first transmission second gear wet clutch is arranged between the first transmission third shaft and the first transmission output shaft; the first transmission synchronizer is installed on the first transmission output shaft and rotates with the first transmission output shaft, and when it engages with the first gear driven gear of the first transmission or the third gear driven gear of the first transmission, it is driven by the first gear driven gear of the first transmission or the third gear driven gear of the first transmission and rotates together.

[0011] Furthermore, the power output gear is mounted on the power output shaft and meshes with the third gear driven gear of the first transmission.

[0012] Further, the second transmission includes a second transmission second gear driving gear, a second transmission second gear driven gear, a second transmission first gear driving gear, a second transmission first gear driven gear, a second transmission third gear driving gear, a second transmission third gear driven gear, a second transmission first and third gear wet clutches, a second transmission second gear wet clutch, a second transmission synchronizer, a second transmission input shaft, a second transmission second shaft, a second transmission third shaft, and a second transmission output shaft.

[0013] Furthermore, the second transmission input shaft is connected to the hydraulic motor, and the second transmission output shaft is connected to the rear axle.

[0014] Furthermore, the second transmission second gear driving gear is installed on the second transmission input shaft and rotates together with the second transmission input shaft; the second transmission first gear driving gear and the second transmission third gear driving gear are installed on the second transmission second shaft and rotate together with the second transmission second shaft; the second transmission second gear driven gear is installed on the second transmission third shaft and rotates together with the second transmission third shaft; the second transmission first gear driven gear and the second transmission third gear driven gear are sleeved on the second transmission output shaft, and when the second transmission synchronizer sleeve is engaged with the second transmission first gear driven gear or the second transmission third gear driven gear, the second transmission output shaft rotates with the second transmission first gear driven gear or the second transmission third gear driven gear, or when the second transmission second gear wet clutch is engaged, the second transmission output shaft rotates with the second transmission third shaft.

[0015] Furthermore, the first and third gear wet clutches of the second transmission are arranged between the second transmission input shaft and the second shaft of the second transmission; the second gear wet clutch of the second transmission is arranged between the third shaft of the second transmission and the second transmission output shaft; the second transmission synchronizer is installed on the second transmission output shaft and rotates with the second transmission output shaft, and when it engages with the first gear driven gear of the second transmission or the third gear driven gear of the second transmission, it will be driven by the first gear driven gear of the second transmission or the third gear driven gear of the second transmission and rotate together.

[0016] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: The gear transmission system of the present invention comprises three parts: a first transmission, a hydraulic transmission system and a second transmission. The first transmission and the second transmission each comprise two wet clutches, four gear shafts, six forward gears and a synchronizer. The first transmission also comprises a power output gear and a power output shaft. The driving device, the first transmission, the hydraulic pump, the hydraulic motor and the second transmission are connected in series before the gear is switched. The coupling sleeve in the synchronizer and the target gear are engaged in advance. When shifting, the clutch of the original gear power transmission route is disengaged, and the clutch of the target gear power transmission route is engaged. The system can steplessly adjust the output speed within a certain range, improve the economy of the vehicle, and overcome the disadvantage of power transmission interruption during gear shifting of the traditional gear transmission, improve the driving smoothness of the vehicle, and extend the service life of the transmission and driving system.

[0017] The present invention adopts a completely series structure for the hydraulic transmission system and the stepped mechanical transmission, which can not only enable the entire transmission system to perform stepless speed changes within a certain range, but also expand the working range of the hydraulic transmission system and improve its transmission efficiency. In addition, compared with other vehicles, agricultural operation vehicles are additionally equipped with a power taking off (PTO). The system of the present invention can directly transmit the power of the driving device to agricultural machinery and other equipment. Through the reasonable design of the transmission system, the PTO can output power at different speeds, which can expand the user's selection range of agricultural machinery; and the overall system structure of the present invention is simpler, the manufacturing difficulty is small, and it can be widely promoted and used. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the gear speed change system of the present invention; In the figure: 1-driving device; 2-first transmission second gear driving gear; 3-first transmission second gear driven gear; 4-first transmission first gear driving gear; 5-first transmission first gear driven gear; 6-first transmission third gear driving gear; 7-first transmission third gear driven gear; 8-second transmission second gear driven gear; 9-second transmission second gear driving gear; 10-second transmission first gear driven gear; 11-second transmission first gear driving gear; 12-second transmission third gear driven gear; 13-second transmission third gear driving gear; 14-first and third gear wet clutches of the first transmission; 15-first transmission second gear wet clutch clutch; 16-first transmission synchronizer; 17-second transmission first and third gear wet clutch; 18-second transmission second gear wet clutch; 19-second transmission synchronizer; 20-first transmission input shaft; 21-first transmission second shaft; 22-second transmission third shaft; 23-second transmission output shaft; 24-first transmission third shaft; 25-first transmission output shaft; 26-second transmission input shaft; 27-second transmission second shaft; 28-rear axle; 29-hydraulic pump; 30-hydraulic motor; 31-power output gear; 32-power output shaft; 33-first transmission; 34-second transmission DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0020] like Figure 1 As shown, the gear transmission system of the present invention includes a drive device 1, a first transmission 33, a hydraulic pump 29, a hydraulic motor 30, and a second transmission 34. The drive device 1 is connected to the hydraulic pump 29 through the first transmission 33, the hydraulic pump 29 is connected to the hydraulic motor 30 through a hydraulic circuit, and the hydraulic motor 30 is connected to the rear axle 28 through the second transmission 34.

[0021] like Figure 1 As shown, the first transmission 33 includes a first transmission second gear driving gear 2, a first transmission second gear driven gear 3, a first transmission first gear driving gear 4, a first transmission first gear driven gear 5, a first transmission third gear driving gear 6, a first transmission third gear driven gear 7, a first transmission first and third gear wet clutch 14, a first transmission second gear wet clutch 15, a first transmission synchronizer 16, a first transmission input shaft 20, a first transmission second shaft 21, a first transmission third shaft 24, a first transmission output shaft 25, a power output gear 31 and a power output shaft 32.

[0022] like Figure 1 As shown, the first transmission input shaft 20 is connected to the drive device 1 , and the first transmission output shaft 25 is connected to the hydraulic pump 29 .

[0023] like Figure 1 As shown, the first transmission second gear driving gear 2 is mounted on the first transmission input shaft 20 and rotates together with the first transmission input shaft 20; the first transmission first gear driving gear 4 and the first transmission third gear driving gear 6 are mounted on the first transmission second shaft 21 and rotate together with the first transmission second shaft 21; the first transmission second gear driven gear 3 is mounted on the first transmission third shaft 24 and rotates together with the first transmission third shaft 24. The first transmission first gear driven gear 5 and the first transmission third gear driven gear 7 are sleeved on the first transmission output shaft 25; the first transmission output shaft 25 rotates with the first transmission first gear driven gear 5 or the first transmission third gear driven gear 7 when the first transmission synchronizer 16 engagement sleeve is engaged with the first transmission first gear driven gear 5 or the first transmission third gear driven gear 7, or rotates with the first transmission third shaft 24 when the first transmission second gear wet clutch 15 is engaged.

[0024] like Figure 1 As shown, the first transmission first and third gear wet clutches 14 are arranged between the first transmission input shaft 20 and the first transmission second shaft 21; the first transmission second gear wet clutch 15 is arranged between the first transmission third shaft 24 and the first transmission output shaft 25; the first transmission synchronizer 16 is installed on the first transmission output shaft 25 and rotates with the first transmission output shaft 25. When it engages with the first gear driven gear or the third gear driven gear, it will be driven by the first gear driven gear or the third gear driven gear and rotate together.

[0025] like Figure 1 As shown, the power output gear 31 is mounted on the power output shaft 32 and meshes with the third gear driven gear 7 of the first transmission.

[0026] like Figure 1 As shown, the hydraulic pump 29 is connected to the hydraulic motor 30 and is located between the first transmission 33 and the second transmission 34, so that the first transmission 33 and the second transmission 34 are connected in series.

[0027] like Figure 1 As shown, the second transmission 34 includes a second transmission second gear driving gear 9, a second transmission second gear driven gear 8, a second transmission first gear driving gear 11, a second transmission first gear driven gear 10, a second transmission third gear driving gear 13, a second transmission third gear driven gear 12, a second transmission first and third gear wet clutch 17, a second transmission second gear wet clutch 18, a second transmission synchronizer 19, a second transmission input shaft 26, a second transmission second shaft 27, a second transmission third shaft 22, and a second transmission output shaft 23.

[0028] like Figure 1As shown, the second transmission input shaft 26 is connected to the hydraulic motor 30 , and the second transmission output shaft 23 is connected to the rear axle 28 .

[0029] like Figure 1 As shown, the second transmission second gear driving gear 9 is mounted on the second transmission input shaft 26 and rotates together with the second transmission input shaft 26; the second transmission first gear driving gear 11 and the second transmission third gear driving gear 13 are mounted on the second transmission second shaft 27 and rotate together with the second transmission second shaft 27; the second transmission second gear driven gear 8 is mounted on the second transmission third shaft 22 and rotates together with the second transmission third shaft 22. The second transmission first gear driven gear 10 and the second transmission third gear driven gear 12 are sleeved on the second transmission output shaft 23. The second transmission output shaft 23 rotates with the second transmission first gear driven gear 10 or the second transmission third gear driven gear 12 when the second transmission synchronizer 19 engagement sleeve is engaged with the second transmission first gear driven gear 10 or the second transmission third gear driven gear 12, or rotates with the second transmission third shaft 22 when the second transmission second gear wet clutch 18 is engaged.

[0030] like Figure 1 As shown, the first and third gear wet clutches 17 of the second transmission are arranged between the second transmission input shaft 26 and the second transmission second shaft 27; the second transmission second gear wet clutch 18 is arranged between the second transmission third shaft 22 and the second transmission output shaft 23; the second transmission synchronizer 19 is installed on the second transmission output shaft 23 and rotates together with the second transmission output shaft 23. When it is engaged with the second transmission first gear driven gear 10 or the second transmission third gear driven gear 12, it will be driven by the second transmission first gear driven gear 10 or the second transmission third gear driven gear 12 and rotate together.

[0031] The first transmission 33 and the second transmission 34 each have three pairs of transmission gears, so that the gear transmission system in the embodiment of the present invention can work in nine modes, see Table 1 below: Table 1 Gear speed change system working mode table The first transmission 33 and the second transmission 34 are controlled independently, and their logic is that they can only be gradually shifted from low gear to high gear, or gradually shifted from high gear to low gear. Now, one of the mode switching processes is described.

[0032] like Figure 1As shown, when the first transmission 1st and 3rd gear wet clutch 14 are disengaged, the first transmission 2nd gear wet clutch 15 is engaged, the second transmission 1st and 3rd gear wet clutch 17 is engaged, and the second transmission 2nd gear wet clutch 18 is disengaged, the power is transmitted in sequence along the route of drive device 1-first transmission input shaft 20-first transmission 2nd gear driving gear 2-first transmission 2nd gear driven gear 3-first transmission third shaft 24-first transmission 2nd gear wet clutch 15-first transmission output shaft 25-hydraulic pump 29-hydraulic motor 30-second transmission input shaft 26-second transmission 2nd gear driving gear 9-second transmission 2nd gear driven gear 8-second transmission third shaft 22-second transmission 1st and 3rd gear wet clutch 17-second transmission output shaft 23-rear axle 28.

[0033] When the system needs to use the first transmission second gear driving gear 2, the first transmission second gear driven gear 3 and the second transmission third gear driven gear 12, and the second transmission third gear driving gear 13 to transmit power, the second transmission synchronizer 19 will engage with the second transmission third gear driven gear 12 before the second transmission first and third gear wet clutch 17 and the second transmission second gear wet clutch 18 are actuated. After the second transmission third gear driven gear 12 and the second transmission third gear driving gear 13 are ready, the second transmission first and third gear wet clutches 17 are disengaged, and the second transmission second gear wet clutch 18 is engaged at the same time, and the power will be transmitted along the route of drive device 1-first transmission input shaft 20-first transmission second gear driving gear 2-first transmission second gear driven gear 3-first transmission third shaft 24-first transmission second gear wet clutch 15-first transmission output shaft 25-hydraulic pump 29-hydraulic motor 30-second transmission input shaft 26-second transmission second gear wet clutch 18-second transmission second shaft 27-second transmission third gear driving gear 13-second transmission third gear driven gear 12-second transmission output shaft 23-rear axle 28.

[0034] The embodiments are preferred implementations of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned implementations. Any obvious improvements, substitutions or modifications that can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the essential content of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A gear transmission system, characterized in that: The invention comprises a driving device (1), a first transmission (33), a hydraulic pump (29), a hydraulic motor (30), a second transmission (34), and a rear axle (28) which are connected in series in sequence; the first transmission (33) and the second transmission (34) each comprise two wet clutches, four gear shafts, six forward gears, and a synchronizer; the first transmission also comprises a power output gear (31) and a power output shaft (32).

2. The gear transmission system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first transmission (33) comprises a first transmission second gear driving gear (2), a first transmission second gear driven gear (3), a first transmission first gear driving gear (4), a first transmission first gear driven gear (5), a first transmission third gear driving gear (6), a first transmission third gear driven gear (7), a first transmission first and third gear wet clutch (14), a first transmission second gear wet clutch (15), a first transmission synchronizer (16), a first transmission input shaft (20), a first transmission second shaft (21), a first transmission third shaft (24), a first transmission output shaft (25), a power output gear (31) and a power output shaft (32).

3. The gear transmission system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first transmission input shaft (20) is connected to the drive device (1), and the first transmission output shaft (25) is connected to the hydraulic pump (29); the hydraulic pump (29) is connected to the hydraulic motor (30) and is located between the first transmission (33) and the second transmission (34), so that the first transmission (33) and the second transmission (34) are connected in series.

4. The gear transmission system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The second gear driving gear (2) of the first transmission is mounted on the first transmission input shaft (20) and rotates together with the first transmission input shaft (20); the first gear driving gear (4) of the first transmission and the third gear driving gear (6) of the first transmission are mounted on the second shaft (21) of the first transmission and rotate together with the second shaft (21) of the first transmission; the second gear driven gear (3) of the first transmission is mounted on the third shaft (24) of the first transmission and rotates together with the third shaft (24) of the first transmission; the first gear driven gear (5) of the first transmission and the third gear driven gear (7) of the first transmission are sleeved on the output shaft (25) of the first transmission; when the engagement sleeve of the first transmission synchronizer (16) is engaged with the first gear driven gear (5) of the first transmission or the third gear driven gear (7) of the first transmission, the output shaft (25) of the first transmission rotates together with the first gear driven gear (5) of the first transmission or the third gear driven gear (7) of the first transmission; or when the second gear wet clutch (15) of the first transmission is engaged, the output shaft (25) of the first transmission rotates together with the third shaft (24) of the first transmission.

5. The gear transmission system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first transmission first and third gear wet clutches (14) are arranged between the first transmission input shaft (20) and the first transmission second shaft (21); the first transmission second gear wet clutch (15) is arranged between the first transmission third shaft (24) and the first transmission output shaft (25); the first transmission synchronizer (16) is mounted on the first transmission output shaft (25) and rotates together with the first transmission output shaft (25); when it is engaged with the first transmission first gear driven gear (5) or the first transmission third gear driven gear (7), it is driven by the first transmission first gear driven gear (5) or the first transmission third gear driven gear (7) and rotates together.

6. The gear transmission system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The power output gear (31) is mounted on the power output shaft (32) and meshes with the third gear driven gear (7) of the first transmission.

7. The gear transmission system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second transmission (34) comprises a second transmission second gear driving gear (9), a second transmission second gear driven gear (8), a second transmission first gear driving gear (11), a second transmission first gear driven gear (10), a second transmission third gear driving gear (13), a second transmission third gear driven gear (12), a second transmission first and third gear wet clutch (17), a second transmission second gear wet clutch (18), a second transmission synchronizer (19), a second transmission input shaft (26), a second transmission second shaft (27), a second transmission third shaft (22), and a second transmission output shaft (23).

8. The gear transmission system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The second transmission input shaft (26) is connected to the hydraulic motor (30), and the second transmission output shaft (23) is connected to the rear axle (28).

9. The gear transmission system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The second transmission second gear driving gear (9) is mounted on the second transmission input shaft (26) and rotates together with the second transmission input shaft (26); the second transmission first gear driving gear (11) and the second transmission third gear driving gear (13) are mounted on the second transmission second shaft (27) and rotate together with the second transmission second shaft (27); the second transmission second gear driven gear (8) is mounted on the second transmission third shaft (22) and rotates together with the second transmission third shaft (22); the second transmission first gear driven gear (10) The second transmission third gear driven gear (12) is sleeved on the second transmission output shaft (23); when the second transmission synchronizer (19) engagement sleeve is engaged with the second transmission first gear driven gear (10) or the second transmission third gear driven gear (12), the second transmission output shaft (23) rotates with the second transmission first gear driven gear (10) or the second transmission third gear driven gear (12); or when the second transmission second gear wet clutch (18) is engaged, the second transmission output shaft (23) rotates with the second transmission third shaft (22).

10. The gear transmission system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The first and third gear wet clutches (17) of the second transmission are arranged between the second transmission input shaft (26) and the second transmission second shaft (27); the second gear wet clutch (18) of the second transmission is arranged between the second transmission third shaft (22) and the second transmission output shaft (23); the second transmission synchronizer (19) is mounted on the second transmission output shaft (23) and rotates together with the second transmission output shaft (23); when it is engaged with the first gear driven gear (10) of the second transmission or the third gear driven gear (12) of the second transmission, it will be driven by the first gear driven gear (10) of the second transmission or the third gear driven gear (12) of the second transmission and rotate together.

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