Device and method for adjusting fire grate gap of garbage incinerator

Abstract

The invention relates to incinerator equipment, in particular to a garbage incinerator fire grate gap adjusting device and method, the adjusting device is used for adjusting the size of a gap between a static fire grate beam and a movable fire grate beam and comprises a lead screw, the axis direction of the lead screw is consistent with the arrangement direction of the static fire grate beam and the movable fire grate beam, and the axis direction of the lead screw is consistent with the arrangement direction of the movable fire grate beam. One end of the lead screw is a first end, the other end of the lead screw is a second end, the first end is connected with a lead screw driving element, and the second end is close to the static fire grate beam located on the outermost side of the incinerator; the lead screw is used for pushing the static fire grate beam located on the outermost side of the incinerator to move in the direction close to the movable fire grate beam or loosening the static fire grate beam located on the outermost side of the incinerator. According to the fire grate gap adjusting device of the garbage incinerator, the gap of the fire grate beams can be adjusted in real time, so that the gap value of the fire grate beams is always kept within a reasonable range.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to an incinerator device, in particular to a grate gap adjustment device and an adjustment method for a garbage incinerator. Background Art

[0002] The movable grate beam furnace is equipped with movable grate beams and static grate beams alternately arranged in the width direction of the grate. The movable grate beams are driven by the hydraulic cylinder to reciprocate forward and backward, so that the materials on the grate move from the garbage feeding end to the slag discharging end. In this process, the garbage is burned under the action of combustion air and high temperature in the furnace.

[0003] When there is a gap between the moving grate beam and the static grate beam, the reciprocating motion of the moving grate beam transports materials, and some materials enter the gap between the grates and form grate slag leakage. The grate slag leakage that is not completely incinerated will increase the thermal burn-off rate of the slag and reduce the combustion efficiency, and will also cause wear of the grate beam. When the gap between the grates is too small or even insufficient to absorb the thermal expansion, the friction between the grate beams will increase, aggravating the wear of the grate and even causing the moving grate beam to stagnate; when the gap between the grates is too large, the amount of slag leakage will increase, which will in turn increase the thermal burn-off rate of the slag. At the same time, too large a gap will easily allow hard materials such as metal to enter the incinerator, causing local wear, increased friction, and even causing the moving grate beam to stagnate. If the abnormal state of the moving grate beam stagnation is not handled in time, it will cause unplanned shutdown. Therefore, unreasonable grate gaps will reduce the availability and combustion efficiency of the equipment, increase the replacement rate of grate pieces, and increase the operation and maintenance costs of the incinerator. The industry is in urgent need of an adjustment device that can adjust the gap of the grate beam in time. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a device and method for adjusting the gap between grate beams of a garbage incinerator, which can adjust the gap between grate beams in real time so that the gap value between grate beams is always kept within a reasonable range.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides a device for adjusting the gap between a static grate beam and a movable grate beam of a waste incinerator, which is used to adjust the gap size between a static grate beam and a movable grate beam, and includes a screw rod, the axial direction of the screw rod is consistent with the arrangement direction of the static grate beam and the movable grate beam, one end of the screw rod is a first end, and the other end is a second end, the first end is connected to a screw rod driving element, and the second end is close to the static grate beam located at the outermost side of the incinerator, and the screw rod is used to push the static grate beam located at the outermost side of the incinerator to move in a direction close to the movable grate beam or to loosen the static grate beam located at the outermost side of the incinerator.

[0006] Furthermore, it also includes a pressure sensor and a control unit, the pressure sensor and the screw drive element are both connected to the control unit, one side of the pressure sensor is connected to the second end of the screw rod, and the other side is connected to the static grate beam located at the outermost side of the incinerator, the pressure sensor is used to measure the pressure between the screw rod and the static grate beam located at the outermost side of the incinerator and transmit it to the control unit, when the pressure value transmitted to the control unit by the pressure sensor is greater than a preset pressure value between the grate beams, the control unit controls the screw drive element to make the screw rod loosen the static grate beam located at the outermost side of the incinerator, when the pressure value transmitted to the control unit by the pressure sensor is less than the preset pressure value between the grate beams, the control unit controls the screw drive element to make the screw rod move toward the direction close to the static grate beam located at the outermost side of the incinerator.

[0007] Furthermore, it also includes a mounting seat, which is connected to the grate side frame of the garbage incinerator, and the screw rod is connected to the mounting seat.

[0008] Furthermore, it also includes a first displacement sensor, which is connected to the screw rod and is used to measure the displacement of the screw rod and transmit it to the control unit.

[0009] Furthermore, the screw drive element is a motor.

[0010] The method for adjusting the grate gap of a garbage incinerator by using the above-mentioned grate gap adjustment device of the garbage incinerator of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0011] The pressure value between the screw and the static grate beam is measured by the pressure sensor.

[0012] The size of the pressure value is judged. When the pressure value is greater than the preset value of the pressure between the grate beams, the control unit controls the screw rod to loosen the static grate beam located at the outermost side of the incinerator. When the pressure value is less than the preset value of the pressure between the grate beams, the control unit controls the screw rod to move toward the direction close to the static grate beam located at the outermost side of the incinerator.

[0013] Furthermore, the preset value of the grate beam pressure is determined by the following method:

[0014] The movable grate beam is driven by a grate driving assembly, and the grate driving assembly includes a hydraulic cylinder, a first pressure transmitter, a second pressure transmitter, and a second displacement sensor. The hydraulic cylinder includes a rod chamber and a rodless chamber. The rod chamber is connected to a rod chamber pipeline, and the rodless chamber is connected to a rodless chamber pipeline. The first pressure transmitter and the second pressure transmitter are respectively arranged on the rodless chamber pipeline and the rod chamber pipeline.

[0015] When the pressure between the cold grate beams is zero, the hydraulic cylinder drives the movable grate beam to reciprocate multiple times within the designed stroke range, and the pressure of the rodless cavity and the pressure of the rod cavity are measured respectively by the first pressure transmitter and the second pressure transmitter, and the thrust or pull of the hydraulic cylinder is calculated in real time to obtain the thrust or pull TL of the hydraulic cylinder when the friction between the grate beams is zero at different positions of the grate movement. 0i array, the different positions of the grate movement are determined by the displacement data measured by the second displacement sensor,

[0016] TL 0i＝ P w0i ×A w -P y0i ×A y

[0017] Where:

[0018] P w0i , P y0i are the pressures of the rodless cavity and the rod cavity, P w0i Measured by the first pressure transmitter, P y0i Measured by the second pressure transmitter,

[0019] A w , A y : are the areas of the cavity without rod and the cavity with rod, respectively.

[0020] In the cold state, the pressure P of the pressure sensor is set s The pressure of the hydraulic cylinder is 500N, so that the hydraulic cylinder reciprocates, the screw rod is automatically advanced, and the first pressure transmitter and the second pressure transmitter respectively measure the pressure of the rodless cavity and the pressure of the rod cavity in real time. The pressure sensor measures the real-time pressure P between the grate beams. p , calculate the thrust or pull of the hydraulic cylinder in real time, and obtain the thrust or pull TL of the hydraulic cylinder at different positions of the grate movement and when the positive pressure between the grate beams is 500N 500i Array:

[0021] TL 500i＝ P w500i ×A w -P y500i ×A y

[0022] Where:

[0023] P w500i , P y500i They are the pressure of the rodless cavity and the pressure of the rod cavity when the positive pressure is 500N.

[0024] A w , A y: are the areas of the rodless cavity and the rod cavity respectively

[0025] In the cold state, the pressure P of the pressure sensor is set s The pressure of the hydraulic cylinder is 1000N, 2000N, and 3000N, so that the hydraulic cylinder reciprocates and the screw rod is automatically advanced. The first pressure transmitter and the second pressure transmitter respectively measure the pressure of the rodless cavity and the pressure of the rod cavity in real time. The pressure sensor measures the real-time pressure P between the grate beams. p , calculate the thrust or pull of the hydraulic cylinder in real time, and obtain the thrust or pull TL of the hydraulic cylinder when the positive pressure between the grate beams is 1000N, 2000N, and 3000N respectively at different positions of the grate movement 1000i TL 2000i TL 3000i The array is used to calculate and fit the first-order function TL-P of the positive pressure at each position of the grate movement and the thrust or pull of the hydraulic cylinder required to overcome the friction force. The formula is as follows:

[0026] TL 1000mi =TL 1000i -TL 0i

[0027] f i =TL 1000mi / P p

[0028] Where:

[0029] TL 1000mi : To overcome the grate pressure setting value P at a certain position of the grate movement s The thrust or pull of the hydraulic cylinder required when the friction force is 1000N.

[0030] TL 1000i TL 0i : are respectively the pressure setting value P that overcomes the grate inter-grate pressure at a certain position of the grate movement s The thrust or pull of the hydraulic cylinder required when the friction force is formed by the positive pressure of 1000N or 0N.

[0031] P p : is the actual measured positive pressure between the grates, that is, the data measured by the pressure sensor 33,

[0032] A w , A y : are the areas of the cavity without rod and the cavity with rod, respectively.

[0033] f i : The slope of the first-order function at a certain displacement,

[0034] The control unit includes an AI system module, in which a performance indicator evaluation system is set, and weights of 40%, 30% and 30% are assigned to the fluctuation rate of the thrust or pull TLm of the hydraulic cylinder required to overcome the friction between the grate beams, the fluctuation rate of the displacement value of the first displacement sensor, and the fluctuation rate of the pressure value of the pressure sensor, respectively, and these weights are applied to the optimization control model. The optimization control model system automatically adjusts the set value of the pressure sensor, runs for a period of time at each set value, and the action of the motor is controlled by PID during the operation. The control unit receives the positive pressure data P transmitted by the pressure sensor in real time. p , the displacement data j transmitted by the first displacement sensor, and the pressure P of the rodless cavity measured in real time by the first pressure transmitter w , the pressure P of the rod chamber measured in real time by the second pressure transmitter y , the displacement data i of the hydraulic cylinder measured by the second displacement sensor, and the thrust or pulling force TLm of the hydraulic cylinder required to overcome the friction force at each position of the grate is calculated in real time to obtain the performance of the pressure sensor at different pressure setting values. When the pressure sensor is operated at different setting values, the displacement data measured by the first displacement sensor during the operation are compared to obtain the wear rate of the grate. The performance and wear rate of the pressure sensor at different pressure setting values ​​are respectively assigned weights of 40% and 60% as the final performance and applied to the optimization control model system. The optimization control model system automatically sets a preset value of the grate beam pressure that keeps the grate in a stable operating state and has a small grate wear rate, which is the preset value of the pressure sensor.

[0035] The grate gap adjustment device for a garbage incinerator of the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects

[0036] The present invention discloses a device for adjusting the gap between grate of a garbage incinerator. The device comprises a screw rod, which is used to push a static grate beam located at the outermost side of the incinerator to move toward or away from a dynamic grate beam located at the outermost side of the incinerator. The device can adjust the gap between the grate beams in real time according to the actual situation of the gap between the grate beams in the incinerator, so that the gap value of the grate beams is always maintained within a reasonable range, thereby reducing the slag leakage rate of the grate and then reducing the thermal burning rate of the slag, improving the efficiency of the incinerator, slowing down the wear rate of the grate, reducing the occurrence of grate jamming, improving the availability and production efficiency of the equipment, and reducing the maintenance cost.

[0037] The following is a detailed description of the grate gap adjustment device and adjustment method for a garbage incinerator according to the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a device for adjusting the gap between the grate of a garbage incinerator is provided;

[0039] Figure 2 The present invention is a structural schematic diagram of a grate driving assembly in a grate gap adjustment device for a waste incinerator. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The movable grate furnace has static grate beams and movable grate beams alternately arranged in the width direction of the grate. The movable grate beams perform forward and backward reciprocating motion under the reciprocating drive of the hydraulic cylinder, so that the material on the grate moves from the garbage feeding end to the slag discharging end. In this process, the garbage is burned under the action of combustion air and high temperature in the furnace.

[0041] like Figure 1 As shown, a device for adjusting the gap between grates of a garbage incinerator is suitable for adjusting the gap between grates of a movable grate furnace, and is used to adjust the gap size between a static grate beam 11 and a movable grate beam 12. The device comprises a screw rod 32, and the axial direction of the screw rod 32 is consistent with the arrangement direction of the static grate beam 11 and the movable grate beam 12. One end of the screw rod 32 is a first end, and the other end is a second end. The first end is connected to a screw rod driving element, and the second end is close to the static grate beam 11 located at the outermost side of the incinerator. The screw rod 32 is used to push the static grate beam 11 located at the outermost side of the incinerator to move toward the movable grate beam 12 or to loosen the static grate beam 11 located at the outermost side of the incinerator, so as to adjust the gap between the static grate beam 11 and the movable grate beam 12. The screw rod 32 is driven by the screw rod driving element to rotate forward, so that the screw rod 32 pushes the static grate beam 11 located at the outermost side of the incinerator to move in the direction close to the moving grate beam 12, and the screw rod 32 presses the grate. At this time, the gap of the grate beam becomes smaller, and the screw rod 32 is driven by the screw rod driving element to rotate in the opposite direction, so that the screw rod 32 retreats and loosens the static grate beam 11 located at the outermost side of the incinerator. A grate gap adjustment device for a garbage incinerator of the present invention comprises a screw rod 32, and the screw rod 32 is used to push the static grate beam 11 located at the outermost side of the incinerator to move in the direction close to the moving grate beam 12 or loosen the static grate beam 11 located at the outermost side of the incinerator, and can adjust the gap of the grate beam in real time according to the actual situation of the grate gap in the incinerator, so that the gap value of the grate beam is always kept within a reasonable range, reduce the grate slag leakage rate and then reduce the slag thermal burning rate, improve the efficiency of the incinerator, slow down the wear rate of the grate, reduce the occurrence of the grate jamming phenomenon, improve the availability and production efficiency of the equipment, and reduce the maintenance cost.

[0042] Optionally, a device for adjusting the gap between grate of a garbage incinerator of the present invention further comprises a pressure sensor 33 and a control unit. The pressure sensor 33 and a screw drive element are both connected to the control unit. The control unit is preset with a preset value of the pressure between grate beams. One side of the pressure sensor 33 is connected to the second end of the screw rod 32 and the other side is connected to the static grate beam 11 located at the outermost side of the incinerator. The pressure sensor 33 is used to measure the pressure between the screw rod 32 and the static grate beam 11 located at the outermost side of the incinerator and transmit it to the control unit. When the pressure value transmitted to the control unit by the pressure sensor 33 is greater than the preset value of the pressure between the grate beams, the control unit controls the screw drive element to make the screw rod 32 loosen the static grate beam 11 located at the outermost side of the incinerator. When the pressure value transmitted to the control unit by the pressure sensor 33 is less than the preset value of the pressure between the grate beams, the control unit controls the screw drive element to make the screw rod 32 move in a direction close to the static grate beam 11 located at the outermost side of the incinerator. Specifically, one end of the pressure sensor 33 is connected to the screw rod 32 by a thread, and the other end is connected to the static grate beam 11 located at the outermost side of the incinerator by a thread. The grate gap can be automatically adjusted by the pressure sensor 33 and the control unit so that the gap value of the grate beam is kept within a reasonable range.

[0043] Optionally, a mounting seat 31 is further included, the mounting seat 31 is connected to the grate side frame 13 of the waste incinerator, and the screw rod 32 is connected to the mounting seat 31. Specifically, the mounting seat 31 is welded to the grate side frame 13 of the waste incinerator, and the screw rod 32 is connected to the mounting seat 31 through a flange.

[0044] Optionally, a first displacement sensor 34 is further included, and the first displacement sensor 34 is connected to the screw rod 32. The first displacement sensor 34 is used to measure the displacement of the screw rod 32 and transmit it to the control unit. When the displacement data transmitted by the first displacement sensor 34 increases, the pressure data transmitted by the pressure sensor 33 increases accordingly, and when the displacement data transmitted by the first displacement sensor 34 decreases, the pressure data transmitted by the pressure sensor 33 decreases accordingly. At the same time, the measurement result of the first displacement sensor 34 characterizes the wear of the grate beam, which can be used to formulate a shutdown maintenance plan and improve the accuracy of the equipment maintenance plan.

[0045] Optionally, the screw drive element is a motor, which is controlled by a motor distribution cabinet. The motor can realize forward and reverse rotation. The motor drives the screw rod 32 to advance or retract through forward and reverse rotation. When advancing, the screw rod 32 moves in the direction close to the static grate beam 11 located at the outermost side of the incinerator. When retracting, the screw rod 32 moves in the direction away from the static grate beam 11 located at the outermost side of the incinerator, releasing the static grate beam 11. The first displacement sensor 34 is connected to the control unit by hard wiring, and the pressure sensor 33 is connected to the control unit by hard wiring.

[0046] The method for adjusting the grate gap of a garbage incinerator by using the above-mentioned grate gap adjustment device of the garbage incinerator of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0047] The pressure value between the screw rod 32 and the static grate beam 11 is measured by the pressure sensor 33.

[0048] The pressure value is judged. When the pressure value is greater than the preset value of the pressure between the grate beams, the control unit controls the screw rod 32 to move away from the static grate beam 11 located at the outermost side of the incinerator to loosen the static grate beam 11. When the pressure value is less than the preset value of the pressure between the grate beams, the control unit controls the screw rod 32 to move toward the static grate beam 11 located at the outermost side of the incinerator.

[0049] Optionally, in a method for adjusting the grate gap of a waste incinerator according to the present invention, the preset value of the pressure between the grate beams is determined by the following method:

[0050] The movable grate beam 12 is driven by the grate driving assembly, such as Figure 2 As shown, the grate driving assembly includes a hydraulic cylinder 40, a first pressure transmitter 41, a second pressure transmitter 42, and a second displacement sensor 43. The hydraulic cylinder 40 includes a rod chamber 401 and a rodless chamber 402. The rod chamber is connected to a rod chamber pipeline, and the rodless chamber is connected to a rodless chamber pipeline. The first pressure transmitter 41 and the second pressure transmitter 42 are respectively arranged on the rodless chamber pipeline and the rod chamber pipeline.

[0051] When the pressure between the cold grate beams is zero, that is, when the pressure data transmitted by the pressure sensor 33 is zero, the hydraulic cylinder 40 drives the grate beam 12 to reciprocate multiple times within the designed stroke range, and the pressure of the rodless cavity and the pressure of the rod cavity are measured by the first pressure transmitter 41 and the second pressure transmitter 42 respectively, and the thrust or pull of the hydraulic cylinder 40 is calculated in real time to obtain the thrust or pull TL of the hydraulic cylinder 40 when the friction between the grate beams is zero at different positions of the grate movement. 0i The different positions of the grate movement are determined by the displacement data measured by the second displacement sensor 43.

[0052] TL 0i＝ P w0i ×A w -P y0i ×A y

[0053] Where:

[0054] P w0i , P y0i are the pressures of the rodless cavity and the rod cavity, P w0i Measured by the first pressure transmitter 41, P y0i Measured by the second pressure transmitter 42,

[0055] Aw , A y : are the areas of the cavity without rod and the cavity with rod, respectively.

[0056] The w and y in the subscripts represent the rodless cavity and the rod cavity respectively, 0 means the positive pressure is 0 and the friction force is also 0, i represents the displacement of the hydraulic cylinder,

[0057] In the cold state, the pressure P of the pressure sensor 33 is set s The pressure is 500N, so that the hydraulic cylinder 40 reciprocates, the screw rod 32 automatically advances, and the first pressure transmitter 41 and the second pressure transmitter 42 respectively measure the pressure of the rodless cavity and the pressure of the rod cavity in real time. The pressure sensor 33 measures the real-time pressure P between the grate beams. p , calculate the thrust or pull of the hydraulic cylinder 40 in real time, and obtain the thrust or pull TL of the hydraulic cylinder 40 at different positions of the grate movement and when the positive pressure between the grate beams is 500N 500i Array:

[0058] TL 500i＝ P w500i ×A w -P y500i ×A y

[0059] Where:

[0060] P w500i , P y500i They are the pressure of the rodless cavity and the pressure of the rod cavity when the positive pressure is 500N.

[0061] A w , A y : are the areas of the cavity without rod and the cavity with rod, respectively.

[0062] The w and y in the subscripts represent the rodless cavity and the rod cavity respectively, and 500 represents the set value P of the pressure sensor. s is 500N, i represents the displacement of the hydraulic cylinder;

[0063] In the cold state, the pressure P of the pressure sensor 33 is set respectively s The pressures are 1000N, 2000N, and 3000N, which make the hydraulic cylinder 40 reciprocate, and the screw rod 32 automatically advances. The first pressure transmitter 41 and the second pressure transmitter 42 respectively measure the pressure of the rodless cavity and the pressure of the rod cavity in real time. The pressure sensor 33 measures the real-time pressure P between the grate beams. p , calculate the thrust or pull of the hydraulic cylinder 40 in real time, and obtain the thrust or pull TL of the hydraulic cylinder 40 when the positive pressure between the grate beams is 1000N, 2000N, and 3000N respectively at different positions of the grate movement 1000i TL 2000i TL 3000iThe array is used to calculate and fit the first-order function TL-P of the positive pressure at each position of the grate movement and the thrust or pull of the hydraulic cylinder required to overcome the friction force. The formula is as follows:

[0064] TL 1000mi =TL 1000i -TL 0i

[0065] f i =TL 1000mi / P p

[0066] Where:

[0067] TL 1000mi : To overcome the grate pressure setting value P at a certain position of the grate movement s The thrust or pull of the hydraulic cylinder required when the friction force is 1000N.

[0068] TL 1000i TL 0i : are respectively the pressure setting value P that overcomes the grate inter-grate pressure at a certain position of the grate movement s The thrust or pull of the hydraulic cylinder required when the friction force is formed by the positive pressure of 1000N or 0N.

[0069] P p : is the actual measured positive pressure between the grates, that is, the data measured by the pressure sensor 33,

[0070] A w , A y : are the areas of the cavity without rod and the cavity with rod, respectively.

[0071] f i : The slope of the first-order function at a certain displacement,

[0072] The 0, 1000, m, and i in the subscripts represent 0N, set value P, respectively. s is the positive pressure of 1000N, m represents the friction force, i represents the displacement of the hydraulic cylinder,

[0073] The control unit includes an AI system module, in which a performance indicator evaluation system is set, and weights of 40%, 30% and 30% are assigned to the fluctuation rate of the thrust or pull TLm of the hydraulic cylinder required to overcome the friction between the grate beams, the fluctuation rate of the displacement value of the first displacement sensor 34, and the fluctuation rate of the pressure value of the pressure sensor 33, respectively, and these weights are applied to the optimization control model. The optimization control model system automatically adjusts the set value of the pressure sensor 33, runs for a period of time at each set value, and the action of the motor is controlled by PID during the operation, and the control unit receives the positive pressure data P transmitted by the pressure sensor 33 in real time. p, the displacement data j transmitted by the first displacement sensor 34, and the pressure P of the rodless cavity measured in real time by the first pressure transmitter 41 w , the pressure P of the rod chamber measured in real time by the second pressure transmitter 42 y , the displacement data i of the hydraulic cylinder measured by the second displacement sensor 43, and the thrust or pulling force TLm of the hydraulic cylinder required to overcome the friction force at each position of the grate is calculated in real time, and the performance of the pressure sensor 33 at different pressure setting values ​​is obtained. The pressure sensor 33 is operated for a period of time at different setting values, and the displacement data measured by the first displacement sensor 34 during the operation is compared to obtain the wear amount and wear rate of the grate. The end displacement minus the initial displacement is the wear amount, and the wear amount divided by the time is the wear rate. The performance and wear rate of the pressure sensor 33 at different pressure setting values ​​are respectively assigned 40% and 60% weights as the final performance and applied to the optimization control model. The optimization control model system automatically sets the preset value of the pressure between the grate beams to keep the grate in a stable operation state and with a small grate wear rate, that is, the preset value of the pressure sensor 33. By determining the preset value of the pressure between the grate beams to keep the grate in a stable operation state and with a small grate wear rate through the AI ​​system module, the gap between the grate beams can be adjusted more accurately, making the gap value of the grate beams more reasonable.

[0074] The embodiments described above are merely descriptions of preferred implementation modes of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by ordinary technicians in this field should all fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A grate gap adjustment device for a garbage incinerator, used for adjusting the gap between a static grate beam (11) and a movable grate beam (12), characterized in that: The invention comprises a screw rod (32), the axial direction of the screw rod (32) is consistent with the arrangement direction of the static grate beam (11) and the movable grate beam (12), one end of the screw rod (32) is a first end, and the other end is a second end, the first end is connected to a screw rod driving element, and the second end is close to the static grate beam (11) located at the outermost side of the incinerator, and the screw rod (32) is used to push the static grate beam (11) located at the outermost side of the incinerator to move in a direction close to the movable grate beam (12) or to loosen the static grate beam (11) located at the outermost side of the incinerator.

2. The grate gap adjustment device for a garbage incinerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The invention also comprises a pressure sensor (33) and a control unit. The pressure sensor (33) and the screw drive element are both connected to the control unit. One side of the pressure sensor (33) is connected to the second end of the screw rod (32), and the other side is connected to the static grate beam (11) located at the outermost side of the incinerator. The pressure sensor (33) is used to measure the pressure between the screw rod (32) and the static grate beam (11) located at the outermost side of the incinerator and transmit the pressure to the control unit. When the pressure value transmitted to the control unit by the pressure sensor (33) is greater than a preset pressure value between the grate beams, the control unit controls the screw drive element to make the screw rod (32) loosen the static grate beam (11) located at the outermost side of the incinerator. When the pressure value transmitted to the control unit by the pressure sensor (33) is less than the preset pressure value between the grate beams, the control unit controls the screw drive element to make the screw rod (32) move in a direction close to the static grate beam (11) located at the outermost side of the incinerator.

3. The grate gap adjustment device for a garbage incinerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also comprises a mounting seat (31), the mounting seat (31) being connected to a grate side frame (13) of the waste incinerator, and the screw rod (32) being connected to the mounting seat (31).

4. The grate gap adjustment device for a garbage incinerator according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also comprises a first displacement sensor (34), wherein the first displacement sensor (34) is connected to the screw rod (32), and the first displacement sensor (34) is used to measure the displacement of the screw rod (32) and transmit the displacement to the control unit.

5. The grate gap adjustment device for a garbage incinerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The screw drive element is a motor.

6. A method for adjusting the grate gap of a garbage incinerator by using the grate gap adjustment device of any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The steps include: The pressure value between the screw rod (32) and the static grate beam (11) is measured by the pressure sensor (33). The magnitude of the pressure value is judged. When the pressure value is greater than a preset value of the pressure between the grate beams, the control unit controls the screw rod (32) to loosen the static grate beam (11) located at the outermost side of the incinerator. When the pressure value is less than the preset value of the pressure between the grate beams, the control unit controls the screw rod (32) to move in a direction close to the static grate beam (11) located at the outermost side of the incinerator.

7. The method for adjusting the grate gap of a garbage incinerator according to claim 6, characterized in that: The preset value of the grate beam pressure is determined by the following method: The movable grate beam (12) is driven by a grate driving assembly, the grate driving assembly comprising a hydraulic cylinder (40), a first pressure transmitter (41), a second pressure transmitter (42), and a second displacement sensor (43); the hydraulic cylinder (40) comprises a rod chamber (401) and a rodless chamber (402); the rod chamber is connected to a rod chamber pipeline, the rodless chamber is connected to a rodless chamber pipeline, the first pressure transmitter (41) and the second pressure transmitter (42) are respectively arranged on the rodless chamber pipeline and the rod chamber pipeline. When the pressure between the cold grate beams is zero, the hydraulic cylinder (40) drives the movable grate beam (12) to reciprocate multiple times within the designed stroke range, and the pressure of the rodless cavity and the pressure of the rod cavity are respectively measured by the first pressure transmitter (41) and the second pressure transmitter (42), and the thrust or pull of the hydraulic cylinder (40) is calculated in real time to obtain the thrust or pull TL of the hydraulic cylinder (40) when the friction between the grate beams is zero at different positions of the grate movement. 0i array, the different positions of the grate movement are determined by the displacement data measured by the second displacement sensor (43), TL 0i＝ P w0i ×A w -P y0i ×A y Where: P w0i , P y0i are the pressures of the rodless cavity and the rod cavity, P w0i Measured by the first pressure transmitter (41), P y0i Measured by the second pressure transmitter (42), A w , A y : are the areas of the cavity without rod and the cavity with rod, respectively. The pressure P of the pressure sensor (33) is set in the cold state. s The pressure is 500N, so that the hydraulic cylinder (40) reciprocates, the screw rod (32) automatically advances, the first pressure transmitter (41) and the second pressure transmitter (42) respectively measure the pressure of the rodless cavity and the pressure of the rod cavity in real time, and the pressure sensor (33) measures the real-time pressure P between the grate beams. p , calculate the thrust or pull of the hydraulic cylinder (40) in real time, and obtain the thrust or pull TL of the hydraulic cylinder (40) at different positions of the grate movement and when the positive pressure between the grate beams is 500N 500i Array: TL 500i＝ P w500i ×A w -P y500i ×A y Where: P w500i , P y500i They are the pressure of the rodless cavity and the pressure of the rod cavity when the positive pressure is 500N. A w , A y : are the areas of the cavity without rod and the cavity with rod, respectively. In the cold state, the pressure P of the pressure sensor (33) is respectively set s The pressure is 1000N, 2000N, and 3000N, so that the hydraulic cylinder (40) reciprocates, the screw rod (32) automatically advances, the first pressure transmitter (41) and the second pressure transmitter (42) respectively measure the pressure of the rodless cavity and the pressure of the rod cavity in real time, and the pressure sensor (33) measures the real-time pressure P between the grate beams. p , the thrust or pull of the hydraulic cylinder (40) is calculated in real time, and the thrust or pull TL of the hydraulic cylinder (40) is obtained when the positive pressure between the grate beams is 1000N, 2000N, and 3000N respectively at different positions of the grate movement. 1000i TL 2000i TL 3000i The array is used to calculate and fit the first-order function TL-P of the positive pressure at each position of the grate movement and the thrust or pull of the hydraulic cylinder required to overcome the friction force. The formula is as follows: <h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr">TL<h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> 1000mi <h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> <TL<h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> 1000i <h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> -TL<h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> 0i f i =TL 1000mi / P p Where: TL 1000mi : To overcome the grate pressure setting value P at a certain position of the grate movement s The thrust or pull of the hydraulic cylinder required when the friction force is 1000N. TL 1000i TL 0i : are respectively the pressure setting value P that overcomes the grate inter-grate pressure at a certain position of the grate movement s The thrust or pull of the hydraulic cylinder required when the friction force is formed by the positive pressure of 1000N or 0N. P p : is the actual measured positive pressure between the grates, that is, the data measured by the pressure sensor 33, A w , A y : are the areas of the cavity without rod and the cavity with rod, respectively. f i : The slope of the first-order function at a certain displacement, The control unit comprises an AI system module, in which a performance indicator evaluation system is set, and weights of 40%, 30% and 30% are assigned to the fluctuation rate of the thrust or pull force TLm of the hydraulic cylinder required to overcome the friction between the grate beams, the fluctuation rate of the displacement value of the first displacement sensor (34), and the fluctuation rate of the pressure value of the pressure sensor (33), respectively, and these weights are applied to the optimization control model. The optimization control model system automatically adjusts the set value of the pressure sensor (33), runs for a period of time at each of the set values, and the action of the motor is controlled by PID during the operation. The control unit receives the positive pressure data P transmitted by the pressure sensor (33) in real time. p , displacement data j transmitted by the first displacement sensor (34), and the pressure P of the rodless chamber measured in real time by the first pressure transmitter (41) w , the pressure P of the rod chamber measured in real time by the second pressure transmitter (42) y , the displacement data i of the hydraulic cylinder measured by the second displacement sensor (43), and the thrust or pulling force TLm of the hydraulic cylinder required to overcome the friction force at each position of the grate is calculated in real time to obtain the performance of the pressure sensor (33) at different pressure setting values. When the pressure sensor (33) is operated at different setting values, the displacement data measured by the first displacement sensor (34) during the operation are compared to obtain the wear rate of the grate. The performance and wear rate of the pressure sensor (33) at different pressure setting values ​​are respectively assigned weights of 40% and 60% as the final performance and applied to the optimization control model system. The optimization control model system automatically sets a preset value of the grate beam pressure to maintain a stable operation state of the grate and a small grate wear rate, which is the preset value of the pressure sensor (33).

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