Carbon trapping device for dissipated gas of silicon carbide smelting furnace and use method

Abstract

According to the silicon carbide smelting furnace dissipated gas carbon trapping device and the using method, a telescopic collecting cover made of high-temperature-resistant stainless steel plates is arranged on the periphery of a silicon carbide smelting furnace, adjacent single body structures are in cup joint contact and can relatively slide, and the outermost single body structure at the two ends is provided with a sealing plate or a sealing door or is connected with an air exhaust connector; the other monomer structures are open in the front-back direction, each monomer structure is provided with a corresponding sliding way, a smoke pipeline connector is arranged on the collecting cover and used for being connected with an induced draft fan, a CO gas storage tank is connected behind the induced draft fan, a CO concentration sensor is arranged in the collecting cover and connected with a controller, the controller is connected with the induced draft fan, and the controller controls the rotating speed of the induced draft fan. Carbon capture is completed in the mode that gas in the collecting cover is pumped away and reused. And the problem of unorganized emission of gases such as CO in silicon carbide enterprises is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of environmental protection supporting silicon carbide smelting, and relates to a device for collecting and processing dissipated gas from a silicon carbide smelting furnace. Background Art

[0002] The silicon carbide smelting furnace adopts the Acheson method. The main body is a rectangular trough, which is tens of meters long and is built of refractory bricks. The inside is a graphite electrode. When electricity is turned on, heat is generated and the charge reacts. The silicon carbide smelting temperature reaches about 2600℃, and the charge reacts to generate silicon carbide and overflows CO. CO burns into CO2 on the furnace surface, and a small part of unburned CO escapes into the atmosphere outside the silicon carbide smelting furnace, causing air pollution. Therefore, silicon carbide smelting is a high-energy-consuming and high-pollution industry. With the increase in environmental protection efforts, it is necessary to install gas treatment equipment. However, the current gas treatment equipment has an investment of tens of millions, which is too expensive for enterprises to afford. Therefore, silicon carbide enterprises are facing the dilemma of shutting down, which affects the local economy and employment. The inventor studied the processing experience at home and abroad, and on the basis of summarizing the original technology, proposed a set of effective solutions to solve the tail gas pollution problem of silicon carbide smelting at a low cost. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a carbon capture device for dissipated gases in a silicon carbide smelting furnace and a method for using the device to solve the problem of environmental pollution caused by dissipated gases in a silicon carbide smelting furnace.

[0004] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows: a device for capturing carbon from escaped gas of a silicon carbide smelting furnace, a collecting hood is arranged on the periphery of the silicon carbide smelting furnace, the collecting hood is a telescopic structure, the silicon carbide smelting furnace is covered in the collecting hood in the pulled-open state, the collecting hood is made of a high-temperature resistant stainless steel plate, the telescopic structure is a plurality of monomer structures covering the furnace body of the silicon carbide smelting furnace, and the combination is in a step-by-step manner with a difference in the thickness of the stainless steel plate, the adjacent monomer structures are in socket contact and can slide relatively, the outermost monomer structures at both ends are provided with a closing plate or a closing door or connected to an exhaust joint, and the remaining monomer structures are open front and back. The collecting hood is provided with a flue gas duct interface for connecting the induced draft fan, or an exhaust joint for connecting the induced draft fan. The induced draft fan is used to form a negative pressure environment in the collecting hood. The induced draft fan is connected to a CO gas storage tank or a CO burner. A CO concentration sensor is provided in the collecting hood. The CO concentration sensor is connected to a controller. The controller is connected to the induced draft fan. The controller controls the speed of the induced draft fan according to the change of the received CO concentration signal.

[0005] Preferably, the monomer structure of the collecting hood is an arch of equal size at the front and rear, the smoke duct interface is arranged at the top of the collecting hood, the monomer structure has an air inlet for air intake, the smoke duct interfaces are arranged on the left, right and middle, and are centrally connected to the main air duct through pipes, and the main air duct is connected to the induced draft fan.

[0006] Furthermore, the relatively large-sized tops of adjacent monomer structures are provided with small anti-slip baffles facing downwards, and the relatively small-sized tops are provided with small anti-slip baffles facing upwards. When pulled apart, the two anti-slip baffles abut against each other, and the adjacent monomer structures do not completely slip off.

[0007] Preferably, the monomer structure of the collecting hood is a trumpet shape with gradually changing front and rear sizes. The collecting hood stretches from one end to the other end. The monomer structure at the large-size end is provided with a closed door, an air inlet is provided on the closed door, an air inlet regulating mechanism is provided at the air inlet, and a connecting buckle is provided at the small-size end, which is connected to an exhaust joint through the connecting buckle, and the exhaust joint is connected to the induced draft fan.

[0008] Furthermore, the air inlet is an inverted U-shape, and the air inlet adjustment mechanism includes an inverted U-shaped air door adjustment plate, a mounting plate, a rotating wheel, a spring, and an adjusting threaded rod. The cross-section of the inverted U-shaped air door adjustment plate is a trapezoid, and the amount of air intake is changed by adjusting the distance from the air inlet. Both ends of the mounting plate are fixed to the outer surface of the inverted U-shaped air door adjustment plate, and the adjusting threaded rod is fixed to the outer surface of the closed door. The adjusting threaded rod passes through the mounting plate and the rotating wheel in sequence. The spring is sleeved on the adjusting threaded rod and is located between the closed door and the mounting plate. The mounting plate is slidably connected to the adjusting threaded rod, and the rotating wheel is threadedly connected to the adjusting threaded rod.

[0009] A high temperature resistant reinforcing rib plate is fixed to the edge of the monomer structure to provide reinforcing support for the monomer structure.

[0010] The slide is a groove structure with folded edges, embedded in the floor, and the folded edges are nailed tightly with steel nails. When the single structure is shrunk and not used, the slide is covered by a cover plate to prevent dust.

[0011] The method for using the carbon capture device for the escaped gas of the silicon carbide smelting furnace is that the power supply line of the silicon carbide smelting furnace is introduced into the ground through a pipeline and then extended from the outside of the slideway, so that the placement of the collection cover is not hindered by the power supply line. A set of collection covers is arranged at each end of the silicon carbide smelting furnace, and the monomer structure is placed on the corresponding slideway. The two sets of collection covers are stretched from both ends to the middle respectively, and a connecting mechanism is arranged on the middlemost monomer structure. The connecting mechanism connects the monomer structures close together, and the silicon carbide smelting furnace is covered. The smoke pipe interface is connected to the installation pipe, the pipe is connected to the induced draft fan, the induced draft fan is connected to the CO gas storage tank or the CO burner, and the CO concentration The CO concentration sensor is arranged in the collecting hood, and the CO concentration sensor and the induced draft fan are linked and controlled by the controller. When the induced draft fan is started, negative pressure is formed in the collecting hood, and the air inlet of the single structure is used for external air to enter. The gas emitted from the silicon carbide smelting furnace is controlled in the collecting hood and extracted by the induced draft fan. When the silicon carbide smelting furnace completes a batch of smelting, the power is cut off for cooling, and the cooling stage begins. The collecting hood remains in the pulled-open state. After cooling for a period of time, the emitted gas is no longer generated, and the connecting mechanism is opened, the pipe connected to the flue gas pipe interface is removed, and the collecting hood is retracted to accelerate the cooling of the silicon carbide smelting furnace. After cooling is completed, the furnace is unloaded and the material is taken out.

[0012] Preferably, the connecting mechanism is a bolt or a buckle.

[0013] A method for using a carbon capture device for escaped gas from a silicon carbide smelting furnace. The power supply line of the silicon carbide smelting furnace is introduced into the ground through a pipeline and then extends out from the outside of a slideway, so that the placement of a collecting hood is not hindered by the power supply line. Each silicon carbide smelting furnace is provided with a set of collecting hoods, which are placed at one end of the silicon carbide smelting furnace. The smallest-sized monomer structure does not move, and other-sized monomer structures are pulled. The collecting hood is opened to cover the silicon carbide smelting furnace. The largest-sized monomer structure is connected to a closed door, and the closed door is detachably connected to the largest-sized monomer structure through a connecting and fastening mechanism. An air inlet regulating mechanism is installed at the air inlet of the closed door. The smallest-sized monomer structure is connected to an exhaust joint, and the exhaust joint is connected to an induced draft fan. The induced draft fan is connected to a CO gas storage tank or a CO burner. A CO concentration sensor is arranged in the collecting hood. The CO concentration sensor and the induced draft fan are linked and controlled by a controller. The induced draft fan is started, and a negative pressure is formed in the collecting hood. The air inlet is used for external The air enters from the silicon carbide smelting furnace (a small amount of gas enters from the gap between the monomer structure and the slideway, which does not affect the mainstream gas flow). The gas emitted from the silicon carbide smelting furnace is controlled in the collecting hood and extracted by the induced draft fan. The opened collecting hood is trumpet-shaped. The trumpet-shaped gas collecting hood and the outer side of the silicon carbide smelting furnace body form an inverted U-shaped airflow flue, forming a smooth flue gas channel for air intake and induced draft. The gas flow direction is unified, flowing from one end of the largest monomer structure to one end of the smallest monomer structure, ensuring that the gas emitted from the silicon carbide smelting furnace is fully collected and enters the induced draft system in real time, with high exhaust efficiency. When the silicon carbide smelting furnace completes a batch of smelting, it is powered off for cooling and begins the cooling stage. The collecting hood remains in the opened state. After cooling for a period of time, the emitted gas is no longer generated, then the closed door is opened, the collecting hood is pushed to shrink, and the induced draft fan duct connected to the flue gas duct interface is removed to accelerate the cooling of the silicon carbide smelting furnace. After cooling, the furnace is removed and the material is taken out.

[0014] Beneficial effects of the present invention: The main material of the present invention is high-temperature resistant stainless steel, depending on the length of the furnace body, with a consumption of 15 tons to 30 tons of 2mm high-temperature resistant 310S stainless steel plates, calculated at 19,500 yuan per ton, and the steel cost of 292,500 to 585,000 yuan. With the processing fee, induced draft fan, and storage tank, the overall cost does not exceed 600,000 yuan, which solves the tail gas treatment problem of the silicon carbide furnace at a relatively low cost. The structure of the present invention is simple, and it is convenient and efficient to treat the escaped gas of the silicon carbide smelting furnace. The collected CO gas can be used to produce methanol, turning waste into treasure, and achieving both economic and ecological benefits. It solves the problem of unorganized emissions of CO and other gases in silicon carbide enterprises, and provides an effective solution for silicon carbide enterprises to meet carbon standards. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the airflow direction in the trumpet-shaped single-body structure collecting hood; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the assembly process of the trumpet-shaped monomer structure; Figure 3This is a side view of the exhaust joint of the trumpet-shaped single-body collection cover in use; Figure 4 This is a side view of the closed door of the trumpet-shaped single-body structure collection cover in use; Figure 5 1. It is a schematic diagram of the opening adjustment mechanism of the inverted U-shaped damper adjustment plate; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the air volume adjustment principle of the inverted U-shaped air door adjustment plate; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the assembly process of the arched monomer structure; Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of a monomer structure and a high temperature resistant reinforcing rib plate; Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the slide structure; In the figure: 1-silicon carbide smelting furnace, 2-collecting hood, 3-exhaust joint, 4-slide, 5-induced draft fan, 6-smoke duct interface, 7-main air pipe, 8-anti-slip small baffle, 9-enclosed door, 10-inverted U-shaped air door adjustment plate, 15-high temperature resistant reinforcing rib plate, 16-steel nails, 17-cover plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] As shown in the figure, the carbon capture device for the escaped gas of the silicon carbide smelting furnace is provided with a collection cover 2 on the periphery of the silicon carbide smelting furnace 1. The collection cover 2 is a telescopic structure. When the silicon carbide smelting furnace 1 is pulled open, the silicon carbide smelting furnace 1 is sealed in the collection cover 2. The distance between the collection cover 2 and the outer surface of the silicon carbide smelting furnace 1 is more than 10 cm, so that the airflow can flow smoothly. The collection cover 2 is made of high-temperature resistant stainless steel plate. The telescopic structure is a combination of multiple monomer structures covering the furnace body 1 of the silicon carbide smelting furnace in a step-by-step manner with a difference in the thickness of the stainless steel plate. Adjacent monomer structures are in contact with each other and can slide relatively. The outermost monomer structure is provided with a closing plate, and the remaining monomer structures in the middle are open front and back. The monomer structure is an arch of equal size front and back. A high-temperature resistant reinforcing rib plate 15 is fixed to the edge of the monomer structure to strengthen and support the monomer structure.

[0017] Each monomer structure has its own corresponding slide 4, which is made of high-temperature resistant stainless steel and fixed on the ground on both sides of the silicon carbide smelting furnace. A flue gas pipe interface 6 is provided on the top of the collection hood 2. In order not to hinder the contraction, the flue gas pipe interface 6 is directly punched on the monomer structure, and several bolt holes are punched on the periphery. When in the pulled-open state, the non-standard flange joint matching the curvature of the top of the monomer structure is bolted to the bolt hole, and the non-standard flange joint is then connected to the pipeline. When shrinking, the non-standard flange joint is removed. The flue gas pipe interface and bolt hole do not change the thickness of the monomer structure, and do not hinder the sliding of the monomer structure when it needs to shrink. An air inlet is opened between the monomer structures for air intake. Flue gas duct interfaces 6 are arranged on the left, right and middle sides, and are centrally connected to the main air pipe 7 through a pipe. The main air pipe 7 is connected to the induced draft fan 5. The induced draft fan 5 is used to form a negative pressure environment in the collection hood. The induced draft fan 5 is connected to a CO gas storage tank or a CO burner (CO can be used for heating, power generation, methanol production, etc.). A CO concentration sensor is arranged in the collection hood 2. The CO concentration sensor is connected to a controller, and the controller is connected to the induced draft fan. The controller controls the rotation speed of the induced draft fan 5 according to the change of the received CO concentration signal, thereby adjusting the air volume.

[0018] The relatively large-sized top of the adjacent monomer structure is provided with a small anti-slip baffle 8 facing downward, and the relatively small-sized top is provided with a small anti-slip baffle 8 facing upward. When pulled apart, the two anti-slip baffles 8 abut against each other, and the adjacent monomer structures do not completely slip off.

[0019] The collecting hood can be stretched from one end to the other, with the monomer structure at the end being provided with a closed door; or the two ends can be stretched toward the middle, with the monomer structures in the middle being combined together and connected, and bolts, snaps and the like can be used for connection.

[0020] A gas explosion concentration detector is provided in the collection hood, and the gas explosion concentration detector is connected to an alarm provided outside the collection hood to serve as a warning and improve the safety of surrounding personnel.

[0021] A method for using a carbon capture device for escaped gas from a silicon carbide smelting furnace with a front and rear equal-sized arched single-body structure. The power supply line of the silicon carbide smelting furnace is introduced into the ground through a pipeline and then extends from the outside of the slideway, so that the placement of the collection cover 2 is not hindered by the power supply line. A set of collection covers 2 is provided at each end of the silicon carbide smelting furnace 1, and the single-body structure is placed on the corresponding slideway 4. The two sets of collection covers 2 are stretched from both ends to the middle, and a connecting mechanism (bolts or buckles) is provided on the middlemost single-body structure. The connecting mechanism connects the single-body structures that are close together, and the silicon carbide smelting furnace is covered. The flue gas duct interface 6 is connected to the installation duct, and the duct is connected to the induced draft fan 5. The induced draft fan 5 is connected to a CO gas storage tank or a CO burner. A CO concentration sensor is provided in the collection hood. The CO concentration sensor and the induced draft fan 5 are linked and controlled by a controller. The induced draft fan is started, and a negative pressure is formed in the collection hood. The air inlet of the single-body structure ( Figure 7The three small circles at the lower middle represent the air inlet) for the outside air to enter, the gas emitted from the silicon carbide smelting furnace 1 is controlled in the collecting hood 2 and extracted by the induced draft fan 5; when the silicon carbide smelting furnace 1 completes a batch of smelting, it is powered off for cooling and the cooling stage begins, the collecting hood 2 remains in the opened state, after a period of cooling, the emitted gas is no longer generated, then the connection mechanism is opened, the pipe connected to the flue gas duct interface is removed, the collecting hood 2 is retracted, the cooling of the silicon carbide smelting furnace is accelerated, and the furnace is removed and the material is taken out after the cooling is completed.

[0022] The front and rear equal-sized arched monomer structures are convenient to open and contract, but the air intake is to punch holes in the monomer structure, the internal gas flow route is relatively complicated, and there may be a gas retention area. In order to achieve a better effect of collecting gas, the monomer structure of the collection cover 2 can be further designed as a trumpet shape with gradual size change in the front and rear. The collection cover 2 is stretched from one end to the other end. Due to the gradual change in size, the larger end will be stuck by the smaller end of the other monomer structure when it is opened (the gap between the monomer structures is not filled with sealing materials, which is not sealed. A small amount of gas passing through does not affect the flow direction of the mainstream gas. Of course, the gap can also be filled with refractory mud to prevent the gap from entering the air). There is no need for a structure such as a small anti-slip baffle 8. After covering the silicon carbide smelting furnace 1, the collection cover 2 and the outer surface of the silicon carbide smelting furnace 1 should also be more than 10 cm apart. The monomer structure at the large-size end is provided with a closed door 9, an air inlet is provided on the closed door 9, and an air inlet adjustment mechanism is provided at the air inlet. The small-size end is provided with a connecting buckle (a buckle structure used for a van door can be used), and the air extraction joint 3 is provided with a matching buckle accessory, and the air extraction joint 3 is connected through the connecting buckle, and the air extraction joint 3 is connected to the induced draft fan 5. The monomer structure at the small-size end can also be connected to the air extraction joint 3 by other connection methods, such as bolts. The air inlet is an inverted U-shape, and the air inlet adjustment mechanism includes an inverted U-shaped air door adjustment plate 10, a mounting plate 11, a rotating wheel 12, a spring 13, and an adjusting threaded rod 14. The cross-section of the inverted U-shaped air door adjustment plate 10 is a trapezoid, and the amount of air intake is changed by adjusting the distance from the air inlet. Both ends of the mounting plate 11 are fixed to the outer surface of the inverted U-shaped air door adjustment plate 10, and the adjusting threaded rod 14 is fixed to the outer surface of the closed door 9. The adjusting threaded rod 14 passes through the mounting plate 11 and the rotating wheel 12 in sequence. The spring 13 is sleeved on the adjusting threaded rod 14 and is located between the closed door 9 and the mounting plate 11. The mounting plate 11 is slidably connected to the adjusting threaded rod 14, and the rotating wheel 12 is threadedly connected to the adjusting threaded rod 14. When the inverted U-shaped damper adjustment plate 10 is heavy, a bracket can be placed near the closed door 9, the bottom of the bracket is fixed to the ground or pressed with a heavy object, and two flat rods are welded to the top of the bracket. The straight section of the upper part of the inverted U-shaped damper adjustment plate 10 is placed on the rod, so that the rod shares the weight of the inverted U-shaped damper adjustment plate 10, and the threaded rod 14 is adjusted to stabilize the inverted U-shaped damper adjustment plate 10 together with the two rods.

[0023] The usage of the front and rear size gradually changing trumpet-shaped monomer structure: the power supply line is set as above, each silicon carbide smelting furnace 1 is provided with a set of collecting hoods 2, which are placed from one end of the silicon carbide smelting furnace 1. After being placed in place, the smallest size monomer structure does not move, and the monomer structures of other sizes are pulled, and the collecting hood 2 is opened to cover the silicon carbide smelting furnace, the largest size monomer structure is connected to the closed door 9, and the closed door 9 is detachably connected to the largest size monomer structure through a connecting and fastening mechanism, and an air inlet regulating mechanism is installed at the air inlet of the closed door, the smallest size monomer structure is connected to the exhaust joint 3, and the exhaust joint 3 is connected to the induced draft fan 5, and the induced draft fan 5 is connected to the CO gas storage tank or the CO burner, and a CO concentration sensor is set in the collecting hood (it is best to set one at each end, that is, one is set near the closed door 9 and one is set at the connection of the exhaust joint 3), and the CO concentration sensor and the induced draft fan are linked and controlled by a controller. When the fan 5 is started, negative pressure is formed in the collecting hood, and the air inlet is used for external air to enter. The gas emitted from the silicon carbide smelting furnace 1 is controlled in the collecting hood and extracted by the induced draft fan 5. The opened collecting hood is in the shape of a trumpet, and the trumpet-shaped gas collecting hood and the outer side of the silicon carbide smelting furnace body form an inverted U-shaped airflow flue, forming a smooth flue gas passage for air intake and induced draft. The gas flow direction is unified, flowing from one end of the largest-sized monomer structure to one end of the smallest-sized monomer structure, ensuring that the gas emitted from the silicon carbide smelting furnace is fully collected and enters the induced draft system in real time, with high exhaust efficiency. When the silicon carbide smelting furnace completes a batch of smelting, it is powered off for cooling and begins the cooling stage. The collecting hood remains in the opened state. After cooling for a period of time, the emitted gas is no longer generated, and the closed door 9 is opened to push the collecting hood to retract, and the induced draft fan duct connected to the flue gas duct interface is removed to accelerate the cooling of the silicon carbide smelting furnace. After cooling is completed, the furnace is removed and the material is taken out.

[0024] One implementation method of the aforementioned slide 4 is a groove structure with a folded edge, which is embedded in the floor, and the folded edge is nailed with a steel nail 16. When the monomer structure is shrunk and not used, the slide is covered by a cover plate 17 to prevent dust. A dust-proof sheet is pasted on the bottom of the cover plate 17 (the material can be selected from wool strips for dust prevention in window gaps, and the width is increased compared to the wool strips used for windows), which increases the contact density with the cement surface and better prevents dust. The cover plate 17 can also be hinged to the cement floor through a hinge, and a pull ring is added on it. When the monomer structure needs to slide, the pull ring is pulled up and the cover plate 17 is turned 180 degrees to expose the slide. When the slide is not in use, the cover plate 17 covers the slide. For the collection hood with arched monomer structures of equal dimensions in front and back, the slides are parallel and of different lengths. The monomer structure with the longest pull-apart distance requires the longest slide length. For the trumpet-shaped monomer structure with gradually changing front and rear dimensions, since the moving trajectory is not a straight line, the slide can be widened, and the gap between the slide and the bottom edge of the monomer structure is sealed with refractory mud.

[0025] The high temperature resistant stainless steel used in the present invention can be selected from 2mm high temperature resistant 310S stainless steel plates produced by Jiuquan Iron and Steel Group Co., Ltd., with a price of 19,500 yuan per ton. The melting point of 310S stainless steel is 1398-1454°C, the internal temperature of the silicon carbide smelting furnace is about 2600°C, and the temperature of the furnace periphery is about 1000°C. The above steel can withstand temperatures up to 1100°C without deformation, which can meet the requirement of not being deformed by heat during use.

Claims

1. A carbon capture device for escaped gas from a silicon carbide smelting furnace, characterized in that: A collecting hood (2) is arranged outside the silicon carbide smelting furnace (1). The collecting hood (2) is a telescopic structure. When the collecting hood (2) is pulled open, the silicon carbide smelting furnace (1) is covered in the collecting hood (2). The collecting hood (2) is made of a high-temperature resistant stainless steel plate. The telescopic structure is composed of a plurality of monomer structures covering the furnace body of the silicon carbide smelting furnace, which are combined in a step-by-step manner with the thickness of the stainless steel plate being a difference. Adjacent monomer structures are in contact with each other and can slide relative to each other. The outermost monomer structures at both ends are provided with a closing plate or a closing door or connected to an exhaust joint (3). The remaining monomer structures are open front and back. Each monomer structure has a corresponding slideway (4). The slideway (4) is made of high temperature resistant stainless steel and is fixed on the ground at both sides of the silicon carbide smelting furnace. A flue gas duct interface (6) is provided on the collection hood for connecting to an induced draft fan (5), or an exhaust joint (3) is provided for connecting to an induced draft fan (5). The induced draft fan (5) is used to form a negative pressure environment in the collection hood (2). The induced draft fan (5) is connected to a CO gas storage tank or a CO burner. A CO concentration sensor is provided in the collection hood (2). The CO concentration sensor is connected to a controller. The controller is connected to the induced draft fan (5). The controller controls the rotation speed of the induced draft fan (5) according to the change of the received CO concentration signal.

2. The carbon capture device for dissipated gas from a silicon carbide smelting furnace according to claim 1 is characterized by: The monomer structure of the collection hood is an arch with equal dimensions at the front and rear. The smoke duct interface (6) is arranged at the top of the collection hood. An air inlet is provided on the monomer structure for air intake. The smoke duct interfaces (6) are arranged on the left, right and middle sides and are centrally connected to the main air duct (7) through a duct. The main air duct (7) is connected to the induced draft fan (5).

3. The carbon capture device for dissipated gas from a silicon carbide smelting furnace according to claim 1 is characterized by: The relatively large-sized tops of adjacent monomer structures are provided with downward-facing anti-slip small baffles (8), and the relatively small-sized tops are provided with upward-facing anti-slip small baffles (8). When in the pulled-apart state, the two anti-slip small baffles (8) abut against each other, and the adjacent monomer structures do not completely slip off.

4. The device for capturing carbon from dissipated gas in a silicon carbide smelting furnace according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The monomer structure of the collecting hood (2) is a trumpet shape with gradually changing front and rear dimensions. The collecting hood (2) is stretched from one end to the other end. The monomer structure at the large-sized end is provided with a closed door (9). An air inlet is provided on the closed door (9). An air inlet regulating mechanism is provided at the air inlet. A connecting buckle is provided at the small-sized end. The connecting buckle is connected to an exhaust joint (3), and the exhaust joint (3) is connected to an induced draft fan (5).

5. The device for capturing carbon from dissipated gas in a silicon carbide smelting furnace according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The air inlet is in an inverted U-shape. The air inlet adjustment mechanism comprises an inverted U-shaped air door adjustment plate (10), a mounting plate (11), a rotating wheel (12), a spring (13), and an adjusting threaded rod (14). The cross section of the inverted U-shaped air door adjustment plate (10) is a trapezoid. The air inlet volume is changed by adjusting the distance from the air inlet. Both ends of the mounting plate (11) are fixed to the outer surface of the inverted U-shaped air door adjustment plate (10). The adjusting threaded rod (14) is fixed to the outer surface of the closed door (9). The adjusting threaded rod (14) passes through the mounting plate (11) and the rotating wheel (12) in sequence. The spring (13) is sleeved on the adjusting threaded rod (14) and is located between the closed door (9) and the mounting plate (11). The mounting plate (11) is slidably connected to the adjusting threaded rod (14), and the rotating wheel (12) is threadedly connected to the adjusting threaded rod (14).

6. The device for capturing carbon from the escaped gas of a silicon carbide smelting furnace according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: A high temperature resistant reinforcing rib plate (15) is fixed to the edge of the monomer structure, which plays a role in reinforcing and supporting the monomer structure.

7. The device for capturing carbon from the escaped gas of a silicon carbide smelting furnace according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The slideway (4) is a structure with a folded edge groove, embedded in the floor, and the folded edge is nailed with steel nails (16). When the single structure is shrunk and not used, the slideway is covered by a cover plate (17) to prevent dust.

8. The method for using the carbon capture device for dissipated gas from a silicon carbide smelting furnace according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The power supply line of the smelting furnace is introduced into the ground through a pipeline and then extends from the outside of the slideway, so that the placement of the collecting cover (2) is not hindered by the power supply line. A set of collecting covers (2) is respectively arranged at both ends of the silicon carbide smelting furnace (1), and the single structure is placed on the corresponding slideway. The two sets of collecting covers (2) are stretched from both ends to the middle, and a connecting mechanism is arranged on the middlemost single structure. The connecting mechanism connects the single structures close together. The silicon carbide smelting furnace is covered, and the smoke pipe interface (6) is connected to the installation pipe. The pipe is connected to the induced draft fan (5), and the induced draft fan (5) is connected to the CO gas storage tank or the CO burner. The CO concentration sensor is arranged in the collecting cover. The CO concentration sensor and the induced draft fan (5) are linked and controlled by a controller. The induced draft fan is started, a negative pressure is formed in the collection hood, and the air inlet of the single structure is used for external air to enter. The gas emitted from the silicon carbide smelting furnace (1) is controlled in the collection hood (2) and extracted by the induced draft fan (5). When the silicon carbide smelting furnace (1) completes a batch of smelting, the power is turned off for cooling, and the cooling stage begins. The collection hood (2) remains in the pulled-open state. After cooling for a period of time, the emitted gas is no longer generated, and the connection mechanism is opened, the pipe connected to the flue gas pipe interface is removed, and the collection hood (2) is retracted to accelerate the cooling of the silicon carbide smelting furnace. After the cooling is completed, the furnace is unloaded and the material is taken out.

9. The method for using the carbon capture device for dissipated gas from a silicon carbide smelting furnace according to claim 8, characterized in that: The connecting mechanism is a bolt or a buckle.

10. The method for using the carbon capture device for dissipated gas from a silicon carbide smelting furnace according to any one of claims 1, 4 and 5, characterized in that: The power supply line of the smelting furnace (1) is introduced into the ground through a pipeline and then extends out from the outside of the slideway, so that the placement of the collection cover is not hindered by the power supply line. Each silicon carbide smelting furnace (1) is provided with a collection cover (2), which is placed at one end of the silicon carbide smelting furnace (1). The single structure of the smallest size does not move, and the single structures of other sizes are pulled. After the collection cover (2) is pulled open, the silicon carbide smelting furnace is covered. The single structure of the largest size is connected to the closed door (9), and the closed door (9) is detachably connected to the single structure of the largest size through a connecting and fastening mechanism. The air inlet of the closed door is equipped with an air inlet adjustment mechanism. The single structure of the smallest size is connected to the exhaust joint (3), and the exhaust joint (3) is connected to the induced draft fan (5). The induced draft fan (5) is connected to the CO gas storage tank or the CO burner. The CO concentration sensor is arranged in the collection cover, and the CO concentration sensor is connected to the induced draft fan. The fan is linked and controlled by a controller, the induced draft fan (5) is started, a negative pressure is formed in the collecting hood, the air inlet is used for external air to enter, the gas emitted from the silicon carbide smelting furnace (1) is controlled in the collecting hood and sucked away by the induced draft fan (5), the opened collecting hood is in a trumpet shape, the trumpet-shaped gas collecting hood and the outer side of the silicon carbide smelting furnace body form an inverted U-shaped air flow flue, forming an air intake and induced air flue, which flows from one end of the largest size monomer structure to one end of the smallest size monomer structure; when the silicon carbide smelting furnace completes a batch of smelting, the power is turned off for cooling, and the cooling stage begins, the collecting hood is still kept in the opened state, after a period of cooling, the escaping gas is no longer generated, then the closed door (9) is opened, the collecting hood is pushed to retract, the induced draft fan duct connected to the flue gas duct interface is removed, the cooling of the silicon carbide smelting furnace is accelerated, and the furnace is removed and the material is taken out after the cooling is completed.

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