System for coupling ion solution heat storage circulation and high-temperature heat pump circulation and adjusting method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a system for coupling ion solution heat storage circulation and high-temperature heat pump circulation and an adjusting method thereof.In a desorption tower of the system, a waste heat medium is introduced to desorb a CO2-amino functional ion solution, separated CO2 is stored in a first storage tank, the regenerated amino functional ion solution is conveyed to an absorption tower through a third storage tank, and the absorption tower is used for absorbing the CO2-amino functional ion solution; cO2 is absorbed in the absorption tower and heat is released, and a formed CO2-amino functional ion solution is stored in a second storage tank and is sent to a desorption tower for desorption, so that efficient storage and utilization of waste heat are realized; in the high-temperature heat pump cycle, the CO2 non-azeotropic mixed working medium is subjected to selective absorption of components through the absorption tower, and the concentration of the components of the mixed working medium is flexibly regulated and controlled by adjusting the pressure of the absorption tower and the CO2 flow, so that the performance and efficiency of the system under different working conditions are optimized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a heat pump, and in particular to a system for coupling an ion solution heat storage cycle and a high-temperature heat pump cycle and a regulating method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Traditional heat pump waste heat utilization technology has great performance and efficiency limitations on the source load side, heat exchange end, and heat storage end. For example, the volatility of the load source side leads to poor temporal and spatial matching, making it difficult to achieve efficient energy utilization; during the heat exchange process, the existence of irreversible losses reduces the overall efficiency of the system; traditional low-temperature heat storage methods, such as water tank sensible heat storage, have poor heat storage performance and cannot meet the needs of efficient heat storage.

[0003] On the other hand, when conventional heat pump systems deviate from the design operating conditions, their operating performance and adaptability to the operating conditions will significantly decrease, especially when using non-azeotropic mixed working fluid cycles, the adaptability problem is more prominent. Non-azeotropic mixed working fluids will produce temperature slip during the constant pressure phase change process, which can achieve an approximate Lorentz cycle. Compared with the reverse Carnot cycle of traditional working fluids, it improves the temperature matching in the heat exchange process, reduces irreversible losses, and improves the performance of the system. However, when the concentration ratio of non-azeotropic mixed working fluids is fixed, it is difficult to fully adapt to the requirements of the cycle for working fluid characteristics under different working conditions, resulting in a sharp decline in the system cycle performance under certain conditions. Summary of the invention

[0004] Purpose of the invention: The first purpose of the present invention is to provide a system of coupled ion solution heat storage cycle and high-temperature heat pump cycle that can realize efficient storage and release of waste heat and has good adaptability to different working conditions; the second purpose of the present invention is to provide a regulation method for the system.

[0005] Technical solution: The system of the coupled ion solution heat storage cycle and the high-temperature heat pump cycle described in the present invention, wherein the ion solution heat storage cycle uses an amino-functional ion solution as a circulating working fluid, and includes a decomposition tower, a first compressor, a first storage tank, a first throttle valve, an absorption tower, a first solution pump, a second storage tank, a second throttle valve, a second solution pump, a third storage tank and a third throttle valve, the decomposition tower is provided with a first spray device and a heat exchange coil, and the absorption tower is provided with a second spray device and a packing layer; the high-temperature heat pump cycle uses a CO2 non-azeotropic mixed working fluid as a circulating working fluid, and includes an absorption tower, a second compressor, a condenser and a fourth throttle valve;

[0006] The CO2-amino functional ion solution sprayed out by the first spray device exchanges heat with the waste heat medium flowing through the heat exchange coil, and the CO2-amino functional ion solution absorbs heat to decompose CO2 and regenerate the amino functional ion solution; the decomposed low-temperature and low-pressure CO2 steam is discharged through the exhaust port at the upper part of the decomposition tower, compressed into high-temperature and high-pressure CO2 steam by the first compressor and stored in the first storage tank, and the high-temperature and high-pressure CO2 steam in the first storage tank is transported to the lower part of the absorption tower through the first throttle valve;

[0007] The regenerated amino-functional ion solution is discharged through the liquid outlet at the bottom of the analysis tower, transported by the second solution pump and stored in the third storage tank, and the amino-functional ion solution in the third storage tank is transported to the second spray device through the third throttle valve; the second spray device sprays the amino-functional ion solution onto the packing layer, and absorbs CO2 by gas-liquid two-phase contact with the introduced CO2 to generate CO2-amino-functional ion solution and release heat; the CO2-amino-functional ion solution is discharged from the liquid outlet at the bottom of the absorption tower, transported by the first solution pump and stored in the second storage tank, and the CO2-amino-functional ion solution in the second storage tank is transported to the first spray device through the second throttle valve for CO2 analysis and regeneration of the amino-functional ion solution;

[0008] The CO2 non-azeotropic mixture in a gas-liquid two-phase state flowing out of the fourth throttle valve enters the lower part of the absorption tower, absorbs heat and becomes saturated or supersaturated steam, and after entering the packing layer, part of the CO2 is absorbed by the amino functional ion solution, and the remaining CO2 non-azeotropic mixture is discharged through the exhaust port at the upper part of the absorption tower, and after being compressed by the second compressor, it becomes a high-temperature and high-pressure CO2 non-azeotropic mixture, which is cooled by the condenser to become a supercooled CO2 non-azeotropic mixture, and then throttled by the fourth throttle valve to become a gas-liquid two-phase state; the liquid to be heated is introduced into the cold side of the condenser and heated by the high-temperature and high-pressure CO2 non-azeotropic mixture.

[0009] Furthermore, the amino functional ion solution is an ion solution carrying a functional group amino group, including aminoimidazole, aminoguanidine, and amino acid ion solutions; the functional group amino group reacts with carbon dioxide to generate carbamate through a reversible chemical reaction, and the reaction mechanism is:

[0010] Furthermore, in the amino-functional ion solution, the mass concentration of water is 10% to 40%, and the mass concentration of the amino-functional ionic liquid is 60% to 90%.

[0011] Furthermore, in the CO2 non-azeotropic mixed working fluid, the non-azeotropic working fluid is a non-azeotropic refrigerant having a glide temperature greater than or equal to 10°C.

[0012] Furthermore, the CO2 non-azeotropic mixed working fluid adopts any one of carbon dioxide / 1-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene, carbon dioxide / trans-1-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene, carbon dioxide / hexafluorobutene, and carbon dioxide / cis-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene.

[0013] Furthermore, in carbon dioxide / 1-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene, the mass concentration of carbon dioxide is 55% to 80%, and the mass concentration of 1-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene is 20% to 45%; in carbon dioxide / trans-1-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene, the mass concentration of carbon dioxide is 55% to 80%, and the mass concentration of trans-1-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene is 20% to 45%; in carbon dioxide / hexafluorobutene, the mass concentration of carbon dioxide is 40% to 80%, and the mass concentration of hexafluorobutene is 20% to 60%; in carbon dioxide / cis-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene, the mass concentration of carbon dioxide is 45% to 75%, and the mass concentration of cis-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene is 25% to 55%.

[0014] Furthermore, the heat source of the waste heat medium includes photovoltaic waste heat, geothermal heat, domestic waste water waste heat, and industrial waste heat. The photovoltaic waste heat temperature is 25 to 70°C, the geothermal temperature is 10 to 25°C, the domestic waste water waste heat temperature is 20 to 40°C, and the industrial waste heat temperature is 30 to 500°C.

[0015] Furthermore, the condenser adopts countercurrent heat exchange.

[0016] The regulation method of the system described in the present invention includes: when the load on the source-load side is unstable, the CO2 stored in the first storage tank is controlled to enter the absorption tower by adjusting the first throttle valve, and the regenerated amino functional ion solution stored in the third storage tank is controlled to enter the absorption tower by adjusting the third throttle valve; in the absorption tower, the amino functional ion solution reacts with the CO2 gas, absorbs CO2 and releases heat, continuously supplies the low-temperature heat source, and ensures the stable operation of the high-temperature heat pump cycle.

[0017] Furthermore, when it is necessary to adjust the concentration of the working fluid components to adapt to different working conditions, the flow rate of CO2 gas entering the absorption tower is adjusted by adjusting the opening of the first throttle valve, and the pressure inside the absorption tower is adjusted by adjusting the pressure control system of the absorption tower or adjusting the compression pressure of the first compressor, thereby adjusting the component concentration of the CO2 non-azeotropic mixture.

[0018] Beneficial effects: Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following significant advantages:

[0019] (1) The present invention achieves efficient storage and release of waste heat by coupling the absorption and decomposition cycle of CO2 by amino-functional ion solution with the CO2 non-azeotropic mixed working fluid heat pump cycle, effectively solves the volatility problem on the source-load side, and improves the stability and energy efficiency of the system under different load conditions. At the same time, the amino-functional ion solution has higher heat storage efficiency and better heat storage performance, which can meet the needs of high-temperature applications. The system can still maintain efficient and stable operation in an environment with large load fluctuations, effectively improving the overall energy efficiency and stability.

[0020] (2) The amino functional ion solution in the absorption tower selectively absorbs the CO2 non-azeotropic mixture. By adjusting the pressure and CO2 flow rate in the absorption tower, the component concentration of the CO2 non-azeotropic mixture can be flexibly adjusted according to system requirements in the high-temperature heat pump cycle. This flexible component concentration adjustment can not only improve the temperature matching of the working fluid during the heat exchange process and reduce irreversible losses, but also ensure that the working fluid always maintains the best thermodynamic performance under different operating conditions.

[0021] In summary, the present invention can improve the efficiency and stability of waste heat utilization, give full play to the potential of waste heat resources, and improve the adaptability of the system under different working conditions, ensuring that it can operate efficiently under various working conditions, and has broad application prospects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a system for coupling an ion solution heat storage cycle and a high-temperature heat pump cycle provided by an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0024] Attached Figure 1 The reference numerals in the figures are as follows:

[0025] 1. Heat exchange coil inlet; 2. Heat exchange coil outlet; 3. Analysis tower; 4. First compressor; 5. First storage tank; 6. First throttle valve; 7. Absorption tower; 8. First solution pump; 9. Second storage tank; 10. Second throttle valve; 11. Second solution pump; 12. Third storage tank; 13. Third throttle valve; 14. Second compressor; 15. Condenser; 16. Fourth throttle valve; 17. Condenser cold side inlet; 18. Condenser cold side outlet.

[0026] like Figure 1 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a system for coupling an ion solution heat storage cycle and a high-temperature heat pump cycle, wherein the ion solution heat storage cycle uses an amino-functional ion solution as a circulating working fluid, and the high-temperature heat pump cycle uses a CO2 non-azeotropic mixture as a circulating working fluid.

[0027] The ion solution heat storage cycle includes an analytical tower 3, a first compressor 4, a first storage tank 5, a first throttle valve 6, an absorption tower 7, a first solution pump 8, a second storage tank 9, a second throttle valve 10, a second solution pump 11, a third storage tank 12 and a third throttle valve 13. The analytical tower 3 adopts a tower reactor with a first spray device and a heat exchange coil, and the absorption tower 7 adopts a tower reactor with a second spray device and a packing layer. The high-temperature heat pump cycle includes an absorption tower 7, a second compressor 14, a condenser 15 and a fourth throttle valve 16.

[0028] The waste heat medium is connected to the heat exchange coil inlet 1 and discharged from the heat exchange coil outlet 2. The liquid outlet at the bottom of the absorption tower 7, the first solution pump 8, the second storage tank 9, the second throttle valve 10 and the first spray device are connected in sequence, the liquid outlet at the bottom of the analysis tower 3, the second solution pump 11, the third storage tank 12, the third throttle valve 13 and the second spray device are connected in sequence, the exhaust port at the top of the analysis tower 3, the first compressor 4, the first storage tank 5, the first throttle valve 6 and the air inlet at the bottom of the absorption tower 7 are connected in sequence. The exhaust port at the top of the absorption tower 7, the second compressor 14, the condenser 15, the fourth throttle valve 16 and the liquid inlet at the bottom of the absorption tower 7 are connected in sequence, the liquid to be heated is connected to the cold side inlet 17 of the condenser and discharged from the cold side outlet 18 of the condenser, and the condenser 15 adopts countercurrent heat exchange.

[0029] Analysis and regeneration process in analysis tower 3:

[0030] In the analysis tower 3, waste heat medium is introduced as a low-temperature heat source through the heat exchange coil to heat the CO2-amino functional ion solution. Specifically, the CO2-amino functional ion solution sprayed by the first spray device located in the upper part of the analysis tower 3 exchanges heat with the waste heat medium flowing through the heat exchange coil, and the CO2-amino functional ion solution absorbs heat to cause the analysis of CO2 and the regeneration process of the amino functional ion solution. The analyzed low-temperature and low-pressure CO2 steam is discharged into the first compressor 4 through the exhaust port at the top of the analysis tower 3, and the regenerated amino functional ion solution is discharged to the second solution pump 11 through the liquid outlet at the bottom of the analysis tower 3.

[0031] Absorption process in absorption tower 7:

[0032] The amino-functional ion solution absorbs CO2 and releases heat. Specifically, the second spray device located in the upper part of the absorption tower 7 sprays the amino-functional ion solution onto the packing layer, and fully contacts the CO2 introduced from the lower part of the absorption tower 7 in gas-liquid two-phase, absorbs CO2, generates CO2-amino-functional ion solution and releases heat. The CO2 non-azeotropic mixture in the gas-liquid two-phase state entering the lower part of the absorption tower 7 absorbs heat and becomes saturated or supersaturated steam. After entering the packing layer, part of the CO2 is absorbed by the amino-functional ion solution, and the remaining CO2 non-azeotropic mixture is discharged through the exhaust port at the upper part of the absorption tower 7.

[0033] The amino functional ion solution regenerated by the analysis tower 3 is transported by the second solution pump 11 and stored in the third storage tank 12, and then the amino functional ion solution in the third storage tank 12 is transported to the second spraying device through the third throttle valve 13, and the third throttle valve 13 plays the role of regulating the flow rate.

[0034] The first compressor 4 compresses the analyzed low-temperature and low-pressure CO2 steam into high-temperature and high-pressure CO2 steam and stores it in the first storage tank 5. Then the high-temperature and high-pressure CO2 steam passes through the first throttle valve 6 and enters the lower part of the absorption tower 7, where it is absorbed by the amino-functional ion solution and releases heat. The generated CO2-amino-functional ion solution is discharged from the liquid outlet at the lower part of the absorption tower 7, transported by the first solution pump 8 and stored in the second storage tank 9. The first throttle valve 6 plays a role in accurately adjusting the flow rate and pressure. After the CO2-amino-functional ion solution adjusts the flow rate through the second throttle valve 10, it enters the first spray device for CO2 analysis and amino-functional ion solution regeneration to complete the cycle.

[0035] The CO2 non-azeotropic mixture in a gas-liquid two-phase state flowing out of the fourth throttle valve 16 enters the lower part of the absorption tower 7, where it is selectively absorbed by the amino functional ion solution and releases heat. The CO2 non-azeotropic mixture discharged from the exhaust port at the top of the absorption tower 7 is compressed by the second compressor 14 to become a high-temperature and high-pressure CO2 non-azeotropic mixture, which is cooled to a supercooled CO2 non-azeotropic mixture by the condenser 15, and then throttled by the fourth throttle valve 16 to become a gas-liquid two-phase state, and then enters the absorption tower 7 to complete the cycle. The liquid to be heated exchanges heat with the high-temperature and high-pressure CO2 non-azeotropic mixture in the condenser 15.

[0036] In the embodiment of the present invention, the first solution pump 8 is arranged at the inlet of the second storage tank 9, and the second solution pump 11 is arranged at the inlet of the third storage tank 12, which can ensure that a high pressure is maintained at the inlet of the pump to avoid cavitation. By conveying liquid into the storage tank by the pump, it can be ensured that the internal pressure of the storage tank is maintained in a suitable range to avoid the generation of negative pressure. If the pump is installed at the outlet of the tank, cavitation may occur when the liquid level in the tank is low. At the same time, the pump is generally a thrust pump, and the thrust flow effect is better than the suction flow. The pump is set at the outlet of the tank and may work unstably.

[0037] The heat sources of waste heat media include photovoltaic waste heat, geothermal heat, domestic waste water waste heat, industrial waste heat, etc. The temperature of photovoltaic waste heat is 25-70°C, the temperature of geothermal heat is 10-25°C, the temperature of domestic waste water waste heat is 20-40°C, and the temperature of industrial waste heat is 30-500°C.

[0038] Amino functional ion solutions include a series of ion solutions carrying functional group amino, such as aminoimidazoles, aminoguanidines, and amino acids. The series of ion solutions carrying functional group amino can be obtained by introducing amino group -NH2 into the cation or anion of the ion solution.

[0039] The functional group amino group reacts with carbon dioxide in a molar ratio of 2:1 to form carbamate through a reversible chemical reaction. The reaction mechanism is:

[0040] In the amino functional ion solution, the mass concentration of water is 10% to 40%, and the mass concentration of the amino functional ion liquid is 60% to 90%.

[0041] Different types of amino-functional ion solutions can be analyzed under different temperature conditions, thereby realizing the graded utilization of waste heat. In specific applications, according to the temperature characteristics of the waste heat source, an amino-functional ion solution suitable for the temperature range is selected to effectively store the waste heat and release it in the high-temperature heat pump cycle. This not only improves the flexibility and adaptability of the system, allowing the system to operate in a wider temperature range, but also optimizes the energy efficiency of the system in different temperature scenarios. This diverse temperature adaptability enables the present invention to adapt to various industrial and commercial application scenarios, significantly improving the breadth and depth of waste heat utilization.

[0042] In the CO2 non-azeotropic mixed working fluid, the non-azeotropic working fluid is a non-azeotropic refrigerant with a large glide temperature, and the large glide temperature refers to a glide temperature greater than or equal to 10°C during the evaporation process of the refrigerant.

[0043] The CO2 non-azeotropic mixed working fluid is any one of carbon dioxide (CO2) / 1-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene (R1233zd), carbon dioxide / trans-1-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene (R1233zd(E)), carbon dioxide / hexafluorobutene (R1336mzz(Z)), and carbon dioxide / cis-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (R1224yd(Z)).

[0044] In carbon dioxide / 1-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene, the mass concentration of carbon dioxide is 55% to 80%, the mass concentration of 1-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene is 20% to 45%, and the sum of the mass concentrations of the two is 100%.

[0045] In carbon dioxide / trans-1-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene, the mass concentration of carbon dioxide is 55% to 80%, the mass concentration of trans-1-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene is 20% to 45%, and the sum of the mass concentrations of the two is 100%.

[0046] In carbon dioxide / hexafluorobutene, the mass concentration of carbon dioxide is 40% to 80%, the mass concentration of hexafluorobutene is 20% to 60%, and the sum of the mass concentrations of the two is 100%.

[0047] In carbon dioxide / cis-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene, the mass concentration of carbon dioxide is 45% to 75%, the mass concentration of cis-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene is 25% to 55%, and the sum of the mass concentrations of the two is 100%.

[0048] The embodiment of the present invention also provides a method for regulating the system of the coupled ion solution heat storage cycle and the high-temperature heat pump cycle according to the embodiment of the present invention, comprising:

[0049] 1) When the load on the source-load side is unstable (for example, the waste heat supply fluctuates or the waste heat temperature is not constant), the CO2 and amino functional ion solution stored in the tank are used to maintain the normal operation of the high-temperature heat pump cycle, ensuring the stability of the system heat source temperature, thereby solving the source-load side volatility problem.

[0050] The specific steps are as follows:

[0051] When the waste heat fluctuates, the waste heat medium enters the heat exchange coil of the decomposition tower 3 through the heat exchange coil inlet 1, heats the CO2-amino functional ion solution, decomposes CO2 and regenerates the amino functional ion solution. The decomposed CO2 is compressed to a high pressure state by the first compressor 4 and stored in the first storage tank 5. The regenerated amino functional ion solution is transported to the third storage tank 12 for storage by the second solution pump 11.

[0052] When the load on the source-load side is reduced or the waste heat is insufficient, the CO2 stored in the first storage tank 5 is controlled to enter the absorption tower 7 by adjusting the first throttle valve 6, and the regenerated amino functional ion solution stored in the third storage tank 12 is controlled to enter the absorption tower 7 by adjusting the third throttle valve 13. In the absorption tower 7, the amino functional ion solution reacts with the CO2 gas, absorbs CO2 and releases heat, continuously supplies the low-temperature heat source, and ensures the stable operation of the high-temperature heat pump cycle.

[0053] 2) When the concentration of the working fluid components needs to be adjusted to adapt to different working conditions (for example, when the external ambient temperature changes or the working fluid absorption efficiency changes), the concentration of the components of the CO2 non-azeotropic mixed working fluid is adjusted by adjusting the pressure and CO2 flow rate in the absorption tower 7.

[0054] The specific steps are as follows:

[0055] When the high-temperature heat pump cycle requires a higher concentration of CO2 working fluid, the flow rate of CO2 gas entering the absorption tower 7 is increased by increasing the opening of the first throttle valve 6, thereby increasing the CO2 concentration in the absorption tower 7; adjusting the pressure in the absorption tower 7: by adjusting the pressure control system of the absorption tower 7 or increasing the compression pressure of the first compressor 4, the pressure in the absorption tower 7 can be increased. Higher pressure will reduce the absorption rate of CO2, reduce the absorption amount of CO2 by the amino functional ion solution, so that more CO2 gas enters the high-temperature heat pump cycle and increases the concentration of its CO2 component.

[0056] When the high-temperature heat pump cycle requires a lower concentration of CO2 working medium, the flow of CO2 gas entering the absorption tower 7 is reduced by reducing the opening of the first throttle valve 6, thereby reducing the CO2 concentration in the absorption tower 7; reduce the pressure of the absorption tower 7: reduce the pressure in the absorption tower 7 by reducing the compression pressure of the first compressor 4 or directly adjusting the pressure control system of the absorption tower 7. Lower pressure helps the amino-functional ion solution absorb CO2 faster and more efficiently, thereby reducing the concentration of CO2 working medium in the system.

[0057] The present invention creatively combines the CO2 absorption-analysis cycle of the amino-functional ion solution with the high-temperature heat pump cycle of the CO2 non-azeotropic mixture, thereby realizing efficient storage and release of waste heat. The system not only effectively solves the volatility problem on the source-load side, significantly improves the stability and energy efficiency of the system under different load conditions, but also optimizes the temperature matching in the heat exchange process and reduces irreversible losses by adjusting the component concentration of the CO2 non-azeotropic mixture. The diversified temperature adaptability of the amino-functional ion solution further expands the application range of the system, and can flexibly adapt to waste heat utilization scenarios in different temperature zones. Overall, the present invention significantly improves the adaptability, stability and energy efficiency of the heat pump system, and has broad industrial and commercial application prospects.

Claims

1. A system for coupling an ionic solution heat storage cycle and a high temperature heat pump cycle, characterized in that: The ion solution heat storage cycle uses an amino functional ion solution as a circulating working fluid, and comprises a decomposition tower (3), a first compressor (4), a first storage tank (5), a first throttle valve (6), an absorption tower (7), a first solution pump (8), a second storage tank (9), a second throttle valve (10), a second solution pump (11), a third storage tank (12) and a third throttle valve (13); the decomposition tower (3) is provided with a first spray device and a heat exchange coil, and the absorption tower (7) is provided with a second spray device and a packing layer; the high-temperature heat pump cycle uses a CO2 non-azeotropic mixed working fluid as a circulating working fluid, and comprises an absorption tower (7), a second compressor (14), a condenser (15) and a fourth throttle valve (16); The CO2-amino functional ion solution sprayed out by the first spray device exchanges heat with the waste heat medium flowing through the heat exchange coil, and the CO2-amino functional ion solution absorbs heat to decompose CO2 and regenerate the amino functional ion solution; the decomposed low-temperature and low-pressure CO2 steam is discharged through the exhaust port at the top of the decomposition tower (3), compressed into high-temperature and high-pressure CO2 steam by the first compressor (4) and stored in the first storage tank (5), and the high-temperature and high-pressure CO2 steam in the first storage tank (5) is transported to the lower part of the absorption tower (7) through the first throttle valve (6); The regenerated amino-functional ion solution is discharged through the liquid outlet at the bottom of the analysis tower (3), transported and stored in the third storage tank (12) through the second solution pump (11), and the amino-functional ion solution in the third storage tank (12) is transported to the second spray device through the third throttle valve (13); the second spray device sprays the amino-functional ion solution onto the packing layer, and the introduced CO2 is contacted with the gas-liquid two-phase to absorb CO2, thereby generating a CO2-amino-functional ion solution and releasing heat; the CO2-amino-functional ion solution is discharged from the liquid outlet at the bottom of the absorption tower (7), transported and stored in the second storage tank (9) through the first solution pump (8), and the CO2-amino-functional ion solution in the second storage tank (9) is transported to the first spray device through the second throttle valve (10) to perform CO2 analysis and regeneration of the amino-functional ion solution; The CO2 non-azeotropic mixture in a gas-liquid two-phase state flowing out of the fourth throttle valve (16) enters the lower part of the absorption tower (7), absorbs heat and becomes saturated or supersaturated steam. After entering the packing layer, part of the CO2 is absorbed by the amino functional ion solution, and the remaining CO2 non-azeotropic mixture is discharged through the exhaust port at the top of the absorption tower (7). After being compressed by the second compressor (14), it becomes a high-temperature and high-pressure CO2 non-azeotropic mixture. After being cooled by the condenser (15), it becomes a supercooled CO2 non-azeotropic mixture, and then after being throttled by the fourth throttle valve (16), it becomes a gas-liquid two-phase state. The liquid to be heated is introduced into the cold side of the condenser (15) and heated by the high-temperature and high-pressure CO2 non-azeotropic mixture.

2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The amino functional ion solution is an ion solution carrying a functional group amino group, including aminoimidazole, aminoguanidine, and amino acid ion solutions; the functional group amino group reacts with carbon dioxide to generate carbamate through a reversible chemical reaction, and the reaction mechanism is:

3. The system according to claim 2, characterized in that In the amino-functional ion solution, the mass concentration of water is 10% to 40%, and the mass concentration of the amino-functional ion liquid is 60% to 90%.

4. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that In the CO2 non-azeotropic mixed working fluid, the non-azeotropic working fluid is a non-azeotropic refrigerant having a glide temperature greater than or equal to 10°C.

5. The system according to claim 4, characterized in that The CO2 non-azeotropic mixed working fluid is any one of carbon dioxide / 1-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene, carbon dioxide / trans-1-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene, carbon dioxide / hexafluorobutene, and carbon dioxide / cis-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene.

6. The system according to claim 5, characterized in that In carbon dioxide / 1-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene, the mass concentration of carbon dioxide is 55% to 80%, and the mass concentration of 1-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene is 20% to 45%; in carbon dioxide / trans-1-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene, the mass concentration of carbon dioxide is 55% to 80%, and the mass concentration of trans-1-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene is 20% to 45%; in carbon dioxide / hexafluorobutene, the mass concentration of carbon dioxide is 40% to 80%, and the mass concentration of hexafluorobutene is 20% to 60%; in carbon dioxide / cis-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene, the mass concentration of carbon dioxide is 45% to 75%, and the mass concentration of cis-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene is 25% to 55%.

7. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The heat source of the waste heat medium includes photovoltaic waste heat, geothermal heat, domestic waste water waste heat, and industrial waste heat. The temperature of photovoltaic waste heat is 25-70°C, the temperature of geothermal heat is 10-25°C, the temperature of domestic waste water waste heat is 20-40°C, and the temperature of industrial waste heat is 30-500°C.

8. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The condenser (15) adopts countercurrent heat exchange.

9. A method for adjusting a system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: include: When the load on the source-load side is unstable, the CO2 stored in the first storage tank (5) is controlled to enter the absorption tower (7) by adjusting the first throttle valve (6), and the regenerated amino functional ion solution stored in the third storage tank (12) is controlled to enter the absorption tower (7) by adjusting the third throttle valve (13); in the absorption tower (7), the amino functional ion solution reacts with the CO2 gas, absorbs the CO2 and releases heat, continuously supplies the low-temperature heat source, and ensures the stable operation of the high-temperature heat pump cycle.

10. The adjustment method according to claim 9, characterized in that: When it is necessary to adjust the concentration of the working fluid components to adapt to different working conditions, the flow rate of CO2 gas entering the absorption tower (7) is adjusted by adjusting the opening of the first throttle valve (6), and the pressure inside the absorption tower (7) is adjusted by adjusting the pressure control system of the absorption tower (7) or adjusting the compression pressure of the first compressor (4), thereby adjusting the component concentration of the CO2 non-azeotropic mixed working fluid.

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