Rock mass internal deformation monitoring device

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of geological monitoring, and discloses a rock mass internal deformation monitoring device, which comprises an anchor rod; the mounting rod is provided with a mounting position for mounting a sensor, and the mounting rod is detachably connected with the anchor rod; the transmission processing mechanism comprises a conduction optical fiber, a tail fiber wire harness, an optical splitter, a leading-out wire and an optical fiber demodulator, the conduction optical fiber is used for being connected with the sensor, the optical splitter is connected with the conduction optical fiber through the tail fiber wire harness, and the leading-out wire of the optical splitter is connected with the optical fiber demodulator. Thus, the installation rod provided with the sensor is connected with the anchor rod easily, and the situation that the construction efficiency is reduced due to installation of the sensor can be avoided as much as possible while the requirement for deformation monitoring of the geological rock-soil body is met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the field of geological monitoring, and in particular to a device for monitoring internal deformation of a rock mass. Background Art

[0002] The deformation of geological rock and soil is a very concerned issue in rock mass engineering such as tunnels and slopes. The deformation of geological rock and soil directly affects the stability and safety of the project, such as the tunnel excavation process, underground caverns, etc. In the relevant technology, there are many ways to monitor the address rock and soil, such as burying multi-point displacement meters, inclinometers, array displacement meters, etc. Although these methods can monitor the geological rock and soil, they all require separate drilling operations. Based on this, in order to optimize the construction process, construction personnel often stick the sensors used to monitor the deformation of geological rock and soil on the surface of the anchor rod to reduce the number of drilling operations. Among them, the anchor rod is a reinforcement technology widely used in engineering. The overall stability of the geological rock and soil can be well improved by driving the anchor rod inside the rock mass. However, if the geological rock and soil is monitored by combining the anchor rod with the sensor, personnel are required to install the sensor on the anchor rod at the construction site, which will undoubtedly increase the operation steps of the on-site construction personnel and reduce the construction efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a rock mass internal deformation monitoring device, which is simple to operate and easy to install. While meeting the needs of geological rock and soil deformation monitoring, it can also avoid the reduction of construction efficiency due to the installation of sensors as much as possible, so as to at least partially solve the problems in the related technology.

[0004] In order to achieve the above object, the present disclosure provides a rock mass internal deformation monitoring device, comprising:

[0005] Anchor rod;

[0006] A mounting rod having a mounting position for mounting a sensor and the mounting rod is detachably connected to the anchor rod;

[0007] The transmission processing mechanism includes a transmission optical fiber, a pigtail wire bundle, a spectrometer, a lead-out line and an optical fiber demodulator. The transmission optical fiber is used to connect the sensor. The spectrometer is connected to the transmission optical fiber through the pigtail wire bundle. The lead-out line of the spectrometer is connected to the optical fiber demodulator.

[0008] Optionally, a strapping belt is further included, and the strapping belt is used to connect the anchor rod and the mounting rod.

[0009] Optionally, a protective layer for wrapping the conductive optical fiber box and the sensor is provided on the outer surface of the mounting position.

[0010] Optionally, a protective component is further included, wherein the protective component includes a sleeve and a heat shrink tube;

[0011] The sleeve has a through hole for the conductive optical fiber and the pigtail harness to pass through, and the connecting portion between the conductive optical fiber and the pigtail harness is located in the through hole. The number of the heat shrink tubes is two and they are relatively arranged at the two ends of the sleeve, respectively used to block the gap between the mounting rod and the sleeve, and to block the gap between the sleeve and the pigtail harness.

[0012] Optionally, the transmission processing mechanism further includes a display terminal;

[0013] The display terminal is connected to the optical fiber demodulator and is used to display the data processed and converted by the optical fiber demodulator.

[0014] Optionally, the mounting rod is configured as a polygonal column and the mounting position is provided between two edges extending along the first direction.

[0015] Optionally, each of the installation positions is provided with a plurality of the sensors spaced apart along the first direction;

[0016] The multiple sensors located at the same installation position are all connected through the transmission optical fiber.

[0017] Optionally, the protective layer comprises an epoxy resin layer.

[0018] Optionally, the mounting pole comprises a fiberglass pole.

[0019] Optionally, the sensor comprises a fiber grating sensor.

[0020] By means of the above technical scheme, the sensor is pre-installed before the installation rod is connected to the anchor rod, that is, before the construction personnel carry out the anchor rod installation operation, the sensor can be installed on the installation position of the installation rod first. The pre-installation operation can avoid the construction personnel installing the sensor at the construction site, and reduce the construction steps required by the construction personnel in the construction site. The construction personnel in the construction site only need to fix the installation rod with the sensor installed to the anchor rod, thereby improving the construction efficiency. The fixing between the installation rod and the anchor rod is simple and convenient to operate. While the anchor rod is fixing the geological rock and soil body, the sensor on the installation rod can effectively monitor the geological rock and soil body, which helps the personnel to understand the deformation of the geological rock and soil body in real time, and then give early warning to the possible disasters caused by the deformation of the geological rock and soil body, thereby protecting the life and property safety of the personnel to a great extent.

[0021] Other features and advantages of the present disclosure will be described in detail in the following detailed description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present disclosure and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the following specific embodiments, they are used to explain the present disclosure but do not constitute a limitation of the present disclosure. In the accompanying drawings:

[0023] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the explosion structure of a rock mass internal deformation monitoring device provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0024] Figure 2 is provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure Figure 1 A partial enlarged schematic diagram of position A in the middle;

[0025] Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a rock mass internal deformation monitoring device provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0026] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of a plurality of rock mass internal deformation monitoring devices provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure when used in combination.

[0027] Description of Reference Numerals

[0028] 1-anchor rod; 2-mounting rod; 201-mounting position; 3-transmission processing mechanism; 301-conduction optical fiber; 302-pigtail harness; 303-splitter; 304-lead wire; 305-optical fiber demodulator; 306-display terminal; 307-communication optical cable; 4-sensor; 5-binding belt; 6-protective layer; 7-protective component; 701-sleeve; 702-heat shrink tube. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The specific implementation of the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0030] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0031] In a specific embodiment provided in the present disclosure, a rock mass internal deformation monitoring device is provided, referring to Figures 1 to 3As shown, the rock internal deformation monitoring device includes: an anchor rod 1, a mounting rod 2 and a transmission processing mechanism 3, the mounting rod 2 has a mounting position 201 for mounting a sensor 4, and the mounting rod 2 is detachably connected to the anchor rod 1, wherein the mounting rod 2 and the anchor rod 1 can be fixed by a binding belt 5, or a threaded hole can be pre-opened on the anchor rod 1, and a channel for screws to be inserted is opened on the mounting rod 2, and the mounting rod 2 and the anchor rod 1 are fixed by threaded connection, or when the mounting rod 2 and the anchor rod 1 are both made of metal, they can be fixed by welding, and the transmission processing mechanism 3 includes a transmission optical fiber 301, a pigtail harness 302, a spectrometer 303, a lead-out line 304 and a fiber optic demodulator 305, the transmission optical fiber 301 is used to connect the sensor 4, the spectrometer 303 and the transmission optical fiber 301 are connected by the pigtail harness 302, and the lead-out line 304 of the spectrometer 303 is connected to the fiber optic demodulator 305, wherein the transmission optical fiber 301 is used to carry the light generated by the transmission sensor 4 The optical splitter 303 is connected to the transmission optical fiber 301 through the pigtail harness 302, and is connected to the optical fiber demodulator 305 through the lead-out line 304. The optical splitter 303 is responsible for summarizing and concentrating the optical signals received from each sensor 4, and then uniformly processing them through the optical fiber demodulator 305. The optical fiber demodulator 305 can convert the optical signal into an electrical signal. After the conversion into an electrical signal, the demodulator collects, quantifies, and encodes the data, and performs corresponding data analysis. The analyzed and processed data can be used to analyze the deformation mode, trend, speed and other key parameters of the rock mass. Furthermore, a display terminal 306 connected to the optical fiber demodulator 305 can also be set. The display terminal 306 is used to display the data processed and converted by the optical fiber demodulator 305. At the same time, on the basis of connecting the display terminal 306, an alarm device can also be connected. The threshold value of the relevant key parameters can be set. When the relevant key parameters exceed the threshold value, the alarm device will be triggered. The alarm device can be a buzzer or a warning light.

[0032] In some embodiments, the fiber optic demodulator 305 can support remote monitoring and data analysis through a network connection, so that the construction team can understand the rock mass conditions in real time at a remote location.

[0033] In some embodiments, reference Figure 4As shown, in the actual use of the anchor rod 1, taking the tunnel as an example, in order to enhance the overall strength of the tunnel, multiple anchor rods 1 can be used for fixing. At the same time, in order to enable personnel to better enhance the deformation monitoring of the tunnel, each anchor rod 1 is fixed with a mounting rod 2 carrying a sensor 4, and the transmission optical fiber 301 on each mounting rod 2 is connected by a communication optical cable 307 to form a unified signal transmission network. Through this network, the splitter 303 concentrates the signals of several sensors 4 onto a fiber optic demodulator 305, which is convenient for unified processing and analysis of data. The data processed and analyzed by the fiber optic demodulator 305 can provide support for rock deformation prediction and risk assessment of the tunnel.

[0034] By means of the above technical scheme, the sensor 4 is pre-installed before the installation rod 2 is connected to the anchor rod 1, that is, before the construction personnel carry out the installation operation of the anchor rod 1, the sensor 4 can be first installed on the installation position 201 of the installation rod 2. The pre-installation operation can avoid the construction personnel from installing the sensor 4 at the construction site, reducing the construction steps required by the construction personnel in the construction site. In the construction site, the construction personnel only need to fix the installation rod 2 with the sensor 4 installed to the anchor rod 1, thereby improving the construction efficiency. The fixing between the installation rod 2 and the anchor rod 1 is simple and convenient to operate. While the anchor rod 1 fixes the geological rock and soil body, the sensor 4 on the installation rod 2 can effectively monitor the geological rock and soil body, which helps the personnel to understand the deformation of the geological rock and soil body in real time, and then warn of the disasters that may be caused by the deformation of the geological rock and soil body, thereby protecting the life and property safety of the personnel to a great extent. At the same time, long-term real-time monitoring can also accumulate a large amount of data, which can be used for long-term trend analysis, and provide important information for the long-term stability of the rock mass and environmental change research.

[0035] In some embodiments, reference Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, a protective layer 6 for wrapping the conductive optical fiber 301 and the sensor 4 is provided on the outer surface of the installation position 201, that is, when the anchor rod 1 and the installation rod 2 with the sensor 4 installed are needed to be fixed to the geological rock body, it is necessary to drill the geological rock body to be fixed, and after the drilling is completed, it is also necessary to clean the drill hole to ensure that there is no debris in the drill hole to ensure that the anchor rod 1 and the installation rod 2 can be installed smoothly, and then the anchor rod 1 and the installation rod 2 are inserted into the cleaned drill hole, and the grouting operation can be carried out after the insertion is completed. After the grouting material solidifies, the fixing of the anchor rod 1 and the installation rod 2 is completed. Based on this, in the fixing of the anchor rod 1 and the installation rod 2 During the fixing process, in order to avoid damage to the conductive optical fiber 301 and the sensor 4 due to mechanical damage, a protective layer 6 is provided on the outer surface of the mounting position 201 of the mounting rod 2. The protective layer 6 can isolate the conductive optical fiber 301 and the sensor 4 from the surrounding environment, prevent groundwater, soil, corrosive substances, etc. from damaging the conductive optical fiber 301 and the sensor 4, improve the durability of the conductive optical fiber 301 and the sensor 4, and extend their service life in harsh environments. In addition, the protective layer 6 helps to maintain the position of the conductive optical fiber 301 and the sensor 4 stable, and avoid displacement or deformation during the insertion and fixing of the anchor rod 1 and the mounting rod 2 into the drilling hole.

[0036] In some embodiments, reference Figure 1 As shown, the protective layer 6 can be an epoxy resin layer or a polyurethane layer, or a metal sleeve, and a receiving hole for receiving the mounting rod 2 is provided inside the metal sleeve. The opening of the receiving hole can be sealed with a sealant to prevent the water contained in the grouting material or the geological rock and soil from flowing into the receiving hole.

[0037] In some embodiments, reference Figure 1As shown in the figure, when the anchor rod 1 and the installation rod 2 are fixed in the borehole, the connection part between the conducting optical fiber 301 and the pigtail harness 302 is also susceptible to mechanical damage, such as the extrusion of the grouting material or the erosion of water in the geological rock and soil, etc. Therefore, it is necessary to use the protective component 7 to protect the connection part between the conducting optical fiber 301 and the pigtail harness 302, wherein the protective component 7 includes a sleeve 701 and a heat shrink tube 702, wherein two heat shrink tubes 702 are provided, and the two heat shrink tubes 702 are respectively placed at both ends of the sleeve 701, and the sleeve 701 has a through hole for the conducting optical fiber 301 and the pigtail harness 302 to pass through, and at the same time, the conducting optical fiber 301 and the pigtail harness The connection part of the bundle 302 is located in the through hole. After the conductive optical fiber 301 and the pigtail harness 302 are connected, the two heat shrink tubes 702 can be heated with the help of a hot air gun. The heated heat shrink tubes 702 can tightly wrap the gap between the mounting rod 2 and the sleeve 701, as well as the gap between the sleeve 701 and the pigtail harness 302, to form a sealing layer. This sealing layer is waterproof and moisture-proof. At the same time, it can also prevent the grouting material from entering the through hole. In addition, the heat shrink tube 702 also plays a role in fixing the conductive optical fiber 301, preventing the conductive optical fiber 301 from loosening due to factors such as vibration caused by construction, thereby ensuring the stability of signal transmission.

[0038] In some embodiments, reference Figure 1 As shown, in order to monitor the deformation of the geological rock mass in more detail and accuracy, a plurality of sensors 4 can be installed on each mounting rod 2, wherein the mounting rod 2 is constructed as a polygonal prism, and a mounting position 201 for installing the sensor 4 is provided between two edges extending along the first direction, and at the same time, a plurality of sensors 4 are provided on each mounting position 201 and are spaced apart along the first direction, and the plurality of sensors 4 located on the same mounting position 201 are connected via a conductive optical fiber 301.

[0039] The first direction can refer to Figure 1 In the X direction.

[0040] In some embodiments, reference Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, the mounting rod 2 can be made of fiberglass rod, wherein the fiberglass rod has good strength and rigidity, and is light in weight, making the fiberglass rod more convenient to carry and install, reducing the workload of construction workers. At the same time, fiberglass is not easily corroded by chemicals, salt water and other environmental factors, and is suitable for harsh geological environments. In the present application, the mounting rod 2 can also be made of aluminum rod or steel rod. These two materials are conventionally easy to process, have good strength and durability, and have low production costs.

[0041] In some embodiments, reference Figure 1 and Figure 3As shown, the sensor 4 includes a fiber grating sensor 4, wherein the fiber grating sensor 4 has the characteristics of high precision and high sensitivity, and can accurately measure small changes in geological rock and soil bodies, which is very important for predicting potential geological disasters and evaluating engineering stability.

[0042] In some embodiments, the sensor 4 installed on the mounting rod 2 can also use a strain gauge as a sensor 4 for monitoring the deformation of geological rock and soil. Among them, the strain gauge is generally divided into two types: a resistance strain gauge and an optical fiber strain gauge. The resistance strain gauge determines the strain value by measuring the change in the resistance of the conductor, and is suitable for static and dynamic strain measurement. The optical fiber strain gauge uses the change in the transmission properties of the optical fiber to measure the strain, and has the advantages of strong anti-electromagnetic interference ability and remote monitoring.

[0043] In some embodiments, the sensor 4 mounted on the mounting rod 2 may also be an inclinometer. The inclinometer is used to measure the inclination of a structure and is suitable for monitoring the inclination changes of geological rock bodies such as slopes, dams, bridges, etc. By installing an inclinometer at a key position, potential landslides or structural instability problems can be discovered in a timely manner.

[0044] The preferred embodiments of the present disclosure are described in detail above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings; however, the present disclosure is not limited to the specific details in the above embodiments. Within the technical concept of the present disclosure, a variety of simple modifications can be made to the technical solution of the present disclosure, and these simple modifications all fall within the protection scope of the present disclosure.

[0045] It should also be noted that the various specific technical features described in the above specific embodiments can be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction. In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, the present disclosure will not further describe various possible combinations.

[0046] In addition, various embodiments of the present disclosure may be arbitrarily combined, and as long as they do not violate the concept of the present disclosure, they should also be regarded as the contents disclosed by the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A rock mass internal deformation monitoring device, characterized in that: include: Anchor rod (1); A mounting rod (2) having a mounting position (201) for mounting a sensor (4), and the mounting rod (2) is detachably connected to the anchor rod (1); The transmission processing mechanism (3) comprises a transmission optical fiber (301), a pigtail wire bundle (302), an optical splitter (303), a lead wire (304) and an optical fiber demodulator (305), wherein the transmission optical fiber (301) is used to connect to the sensor (4), the optical splitter (303) and the transmission optical fiber (301) are connected via the pigtail wire bundle (302), and the lead wire (304) of the optical splitter (303) is connected to the optical fiber demodulator (305).

2. The rock mass internal deformation monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also comprises a strapping belt (5), wherein the strapping belt (5) is used to connect the anchor rod (1) and the mounting rod (2).

3. The rock mass internal deformation monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A protective layer (6) for wrapping the conductive optical fiber (301) and the sensor (4) is provided on the outer surface of the installation position (201).

4. The rock mass internal deformation monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a protection component (7), wherein the protection component (7) includes a sleeve (701) and a heat shrink tube (702); The sleeve (701) has a through hole for the conductive optical fiber (301) and the pigtail harness (302) to pass through, and the connecting portion between the conductive optical fiber (301) and the pigtail harness (302) is located in the through hole. The number of the heat shrink tubes (702) is two and they are arranged at two ends of the sleeve (701) opposite to each other, and they are used to block the gap between the mounting rod (2) and the sleeve (701), and to block the gap between the sleeve (701) and the pigtail harness (302), respectively.

5. The rock mass internal deformation monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmission processing mechanism (3) also includes a display terminal (306); The display terminal (306) is connected to the optical fiber demodulator (305) and is used to display the data processed and converted by the optical fiber demodulator (305).

6. The rock mass internal deformation monitoring device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The mounting rod (2) is constructed as a polygonal column and has the mounting position (201) between two edges extending in the first direction.

7. The rock mass internal deformation monitoring device according to claim 6, characterized in that: Each of the installation positions (201) is provided with a plurality of the sensors (4) arranged at intervals along the first direction; The plurality of sensors (4) located on the same installation position (201) are all connected via the transmission optical fiber (301).

8. The rock mass internal deformation monitoring device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The protective layer (6) comprises an epoxy resin layer.

9. The rock mass internal deformation monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mounting rod (2) comprises a glass fiber rod.

10. The rock mass internal deformation monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sensor (4) comprises a fiber grating sensor (4).

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