Ground surface settlement monitoring device for coal mine goaf

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of coal mine goaf settlement monitoring, in particular to a coal mine goaf ground surface settlement monitoring device which comprises a shell and a controller, the controller is arranged in the shell, and a plurality of anchoring assemblies are arranged at the top of the shell. A mechanical sensor used for detecting the downward pulling force of the shell on the anchoring assembly is arranged at the joint of the anchoring assembly and the shell, a plurality of monitoring assemblies used for detecting ground surface settlement are arranged in the shell in a staggered mode, and an offset detection assembly is arranged in the shell; each anchoring assembly comprises an anchoring column and an anchoring pipe, a storage cavity used for storing anchoring liquid is formed in each anchoring column, one end of each anchoring pipe is communicated with the interior of the shell, and the other end of each anchoring pipe is communicated with a pump assembly used for pumping the anchoring liquid into the shell. According to the device, through cooperative work of the anchoring column, the anchoring pipe and the pump assembly, the shell is stabilized, the influence of overall movement of the device on monitoring data is reduced, and the monitoring accuracy is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of coal mine goaf area settlement monitoring, and in particular to a coal mine goaf area surface settlement monitoring device. Background Art

[0002] The coal mining industry refers to industries whose main business is mining, processing and selling coal. The large-scale use of coal as energy and raw materials began with the Industrial Revolution in the 18th century, when coal became the main energy source for steam engines. With the acceleration of industrialization, the coal mining industry has undergone a transformation from small-scale manual mining to modern mechanized mining.

[0003] Coal mine safety is one of the important backgrounds of the coal mining industry. Both the government and enterprises attach great importance to coal mine safety production, and have taken a series of measures to ensure safety production, establish a complete accident emergency rescue system, improve emergency response speed and handling capabilities, and minimize casualties and property losses. Among them, surface subsidence monitoring in coal mine goaf areas is also one of the focuses. By monitoring the surface subsidence in coal mine goaf areas, the changing trend of subsidence can be discovered in time, providing early warning for mine safety production. When the ground subsidence reaches a certain level, it is necessary to adjust or stop mining in time to prevent the occurrence of mine safety accidents; at the same time, mine subsidence may cause surface cracks, deformation and other phenomena, which in turn cause geological disasters. Through subsidence monitoring, these disasters can be warned in advance, and corresponding measures can be taken to prevent and control them, so some monitoring devices are usually used for real-time monitoring.

[0004] Most of the existing surface settlement monitoring devices for coal mine goafs are composed of a shell and detection components integrated therein. During monitoring, the shell is buried in the detection area to perform real-time detection. Although this method can accurately monitor small settlement amplitudes on the surface of coal mine goafs relatively quickly, the device as a whole is buried in the soil layer. When the surface settlement area of ​​the coal mine goaf is large or the settlement amplitude is large, not only the detection components will move, but also the device as a whole will move, thereby reducing the accuracy of the monitoring data and may cause subsequent safety problems. Therefore, it is necessary to propose a surface settlement monitoring device for coal mine goafs, which, after being buried in the soil layer of the coal mine goaf, can reduce the impact of the overall movement of the device on the monitoring data. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention is proposed.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a surface settlement monitoring device for a coal mine goaf area, comprising a housing and a controller;

[0007] The controller is arranged inside the shell, and a plurality of anchoring assemblies connected to the inside of the shell for limiting the movement of the shell in the soil layer are arranged on the top of the shell, and mechanical sensors for detecting the downward pulling force of the shell on the anchoring assemblies are arranged at the connection between the anchoring assemblies and the shell, and a plurality of monitoring assemblies for detecting surface settlement are arranged alternately inside the shell, and a displacement detection assembly for detecting the displacement degree of the shell is arranged inside the shell, and the displacement detection assembly is located below the monitoring assembly, and the mechanical sensors, the anchoring assemblies, the monitoring assemblies and the displacement detection assembly are all electrically connected to the controller;

[0008] The anchoring components include an anchoring column and an anchoring tube. A storage cavity for storing anchoring liquid is opened inside the anchoring column. One end of the anchoring tube is connected to the interior of the shell. Mechanical sensors are respectively arranged at the connection between the anchoring tube and the shell. The other end of the anchoring tube is connected to a pump assembly for extracting anchoring liquid into the shell. The pump assembly is fixedly connected to the top of the anchoring column, and the pump assembly is electrically connected to the controller.

[0009] As a preferred solution of the coal mine goaf surface subsidence monitoring device described in the present invention, the monitoring components include a movable groove opened on the shell surface and connected to the inside of the shell, the inner wall of the shell is vertically slidably connected with a rack corresponding to the movable groove, the rack is engaged with a telescopic component for horizontal movement based on the sliding of the rack, the rack is fixedly connected to a force plate on the side close to the inner wall of the shell, the force plate extends to the outside of the shell through the movable groove, the top of the rack is fixedly connected to a spring, the end of the spring away from the rack is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the shell, a displacement sensor for detecting the displacement of the rack is fixedly connected to the inside of the shell, and the displacement sensor is electrically connected to the controller.

[0010] As a preferred solution of the coal mine goaf surface subsidence monitoring device described in the present invention, the telescopic assembly includes a fixed column located at the center of the top wall of the shell and a plurality of gears respectively meshing with the racks, the gears are coaxially fixedly connected with a rotating rod, both ends of the rotating rod are respectively rotatably connected to the shell and the fixed column, the rotating rod is threadedly connected with a nut seat at one end close to the fixed column, the nut seat and the rotating rod form a ball screw structure, the top of the nut seat is fixedly connected with a moving rod, the moving rod can pass through the fixed column and the shell in turn and extend to the outside of the shell, and the shell and the fixed column are both slidably matched with the moving rod.

[0011] As a preferred solution of the coal mine goaf surface subsidence monitoring device described in the present invention, the offset detection component includes a first isolation plate and a second isolation plate arranged inside the shell, the first isolation plate is located above the second isolation plate, the bottom ball joint of the first isolation plate is provided with a connecting rod, the bottom end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected to a hollow ball, the top of the second isolation plate is fixedly connected to a sleeve, the hollow ball is located inside the sleeve, an alarm trigger is embedded in the inner wall of the sleeve, the alarm trigger is electrically connected to the controller, and the alarm trigger is activated when the hollow ball tilts and touches the inside of the sleeve.

[0012] As a preferred solution of the coal mine goaf surface subsidence monitoring device described in the present invention, wherein: the surface of the moving rod is provided with a conveying groove for conveying the anchoring liquid along its axis, and the conveying groove is opened on the side of the moving rod close to the inner top wall of the shell, the inner bottom wall of the conveying groove is inclined, and the inclination height of the conveying groove is higher at one end close to the nut seat than at the other end.

[0013] As a preferred solution of the coal mine goaf surface subsidence monitoring device described in the present invention, a plurality of channels corresponding to the anchor pipes are opened inside the fixed column, the top of the channel is connected to the anchor pipe, the bottom of the channel extends to just above the connection between the moving rod and the fixed column, and the conveying troughs are respectively located in the flow trajectories of the corresponding channels.

[0014] As a preferred solution of the coal mine goaf surface subsidence monitoring device described in the present invention, the top of the first isolation plate is fixedly connected to the bottom of the fixed column and the connection is a rounded structure, and the top of the first isolation plate is a convex circular structure.

[0015] As a preferred solution of the coal mine goaf surface subsidence monitoring device described in the present invention, the pump assembly includes a delivery pump, the delivery pump input end is connected to the anchor cavity, the delivery pump output end is connected to the anchor pipe, and the delivery pump is electrically connected to the controller.

[0016] As a preferred solution of the coal mine goaf area surface subsidence monitoring device of the present invention, a plurality of inclined leakage holes are opened at one end of the inner wall of the shell body close to the top of the first isolation plate.

[0017] As a preferred solution of the coal mine goaf surface subsidence monitoring device described in the present invention, the controller is also used to analyze the speed and amplitude of the shell when it descends together with the stratum based on the data of the mechanical sensor, and when the shell sinks together with the stratum, the delivery pump is started to deliver the anchoring liquid to the contact part between the moving rod and the soil for overall reinforcement, and the anchoring liquid delivery speed varies with the descent speed. When the descent speed increases, the anchoring liquid delivery speed increases, and vice versa.

[0018] Beneficial effects of the present invention: 1. Compared with the prior art, which is difficult to overcome the problem of poor shell stability when the surface settlement area of ​​the coal mine goaf is large or the settlement amplitude is large, the present invention, through the design of anchor columns and anchor pipes for storing anchor liquid, can activate the pump assembly when the controller detects the tendency of the shell to sink through the mechanical sensor, and transport the anchor liquid from the anchor column to the inside of the shell, and then inject the anchor liquid into the soil around the shell under the guidance of the monitoring assembly, thereby enhancing the connection strength between the shell and the soil around it, thereby reducing the sinking speed of the shell, improving the structural stability of the entire monitoring device, and ensuring the accuracy of the monitoring results.

[0019] 2. In this solution, multiple monitoring components are staggered inside the shell, and these components can accurately detect the amplitude and speed of surface settlement in all directions.

[0020] 3. In this solution, a mechanical sensor is arranged at the connection between the anchor assembly and the shell, and is used to detect in real time the pull-down of the anchor assembly by the shell, and the trend and speed of the shell sinking with the soil can be reflected through the change of this pulling force.

[0021] 4. In this solution, the design of the offset detection component can detect the degree of horizontal offset of the shell, so as to ensure the accuracy of the monitoring data. At the same time, when the offset is large, it can also promptly remind the staff to replace or repair it, thereby providing more comprehensive surface settlement information. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for describing the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work. Among them:

[0023] Figure 1 It is an overall axonometric diagram of the device for monitoring ground subsidence in coal mine goaf according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 It is a side view of a device embodiment of a device for monitoring ground subsidence in a coal mine goaf according to the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 A is a schematic diagram of the A section line of an embodiment of the device for monitoring ground subsidence in a coal mine goaf area of ​​the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the B section line of an embodiment of the coal mine goaf area surface subsidence monitoring device of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 It is a front cross-sectional view of a moving rod of an embodiment of a device for monitoring ground subsidence in a coal mine goaf according to the present invention.

[0028] The figure marks in the drawings of the specification include: 1. shell; 2. anchor pipe; 3. delivery pump; 4. anchor column; 5. moving rod; 6. force plate; 7. leakage hole; 8. nut seat; 9. fixing column; 10. second isolation plate; 11. sleeve; 12. hollow ball; 13. connecting rod; 14. first isolation plate; 15. rack; 16. gear; 17. channel; 18. controller; 19. spring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0030] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art may make similar generalizations without violating the connotation of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0031] Secondly, the term "one embodiment" or "embodiment" as used herein refers to a specific feature, structure, or characteristic that may be included in at least one implementation of the present invention. The term "in one embodiment" that appears in different places in this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor does it refer to a separate or selective embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments.

[0032] Embodiment 1:

[0033] As attached Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown: a surface settlement monitoring device for coal mine goaf area, including a shell 1 and a controller 18, the controller 18 is screwed to the inside of the shell 1, a plurality of anchoring components connected to the inside of the shell 1 for limiting the movement of the shell 1 in the soil layer are arranged on the top of the shell 1, and mechanical sensors for detecting the downward pulling force of the shell 1 on the anchoring components are arranged at the connection between the anchoring components and the shell 1, a plurality of monitoring components for detecting surface settlement are staggeredly arranged inside the shell 1, a displacement detection component for detecting the displacement degree of the shell 1 is arranged inside the shell 1 and the displacement detection component is located below the monitoring component, and the mechanical sensor, the anchoring component, the monitoring component and the displacement detection component are all electrically connected to the controller 18;

[0034] The anchoring components include an anchoring column 4 and an anchoring tube 2. A storage cavity for storing anchoring liquid is opened inside the anchoring column 4. One end of the anchoring tube 2 is connected to the interior of the shell 1. Mechanical sensors are screwed to the connection between the anchoring tube 2 and the shell 1. The other end of the anchoring tube 2 is connected to a pump assembly for extracting anchoring liquid into the shell 1. The pump assembly is bolted to the top of the anchoring column 4, and the pump assembly is electrically connected to the controller 18.

[0035] The monitoring components all include a movable groove opened on the surface of the shell 1 and connected to the interior of the shell 1. The inner wall of the shell 1 is vertically slidably connected with a rack 15 corresponding to the movable groove. The rack 15 is engaged with a telescopic component for horizontal movement based on the sliding of the rack 15. The rack 15 is integrally formed with a force plate 6 on the side close to the inner wall of the shell 1. The force plate 6 extends to the outside of the shell 1 through the movable groove. A spring 19 is welded to the top of the rack 15, which plays a certain buffering role to ensure the stability of the sliding of the rack 15, and then ensure the accuracy of subsequent monitoring results. The spring 19 is welded to the inner wall of the shell 1 away from the end of the rack 15. A displacement sensor for detecting the displacement of the rack is screwed inside the shell 1, and the displacement sensor is electrically connected to the controller 18.

[0036] The telescopic assembly includes a fixed column 9 welded to the center of the top wall of the shell 1 and a plurality of gears 16 respectively meshed with the racks 15. A plurality of channels 17 corresponding to the anchor pipes 2 are opened inside the fixed column 9. The top of the channel 17 is communicated with the anchor pipe 2. The bottom of the channel 17 extends to the top of the connection between the moving rod 5 and the fixed column 9, and the conveying grooves are respectively located in the flow trajectory of the corresponding channels 17. The gears 16 are coaxially welded with a rotating rod. Both ends of the rotating rod are respectively rotatably connected to the shell 1 and the fixed column 9. The rotating rod is threadedly connected to a nut seat 8 at one end close to the fixed column 9. The nut seat 8 and the rotating rod form a ball screw structure. The top of the nut seat 8 is bolted to a movable rod. The movable rod 5 can sequentially pass through the fixed column 9 and the shell 1 and extend to the outside of the shell 1, and the shell 1 and the fixed column 9 are both slidably matched with the movable rod 5. At the same time, the shell 1 and the fixed column 9 are both provided with through holes corresponding to the movable rod 5; a conveying groove for conveying the anchoring liquid is provided on the surface of the movable rod 5 along its axis, and the conveying groove is provided on the side of the movable rod 5 close to the inner top wall of the shell 1, and the bottom wall of the conveying groove is inclined, and the inclined height of the conveying groove is higher at one end close to the nut seat 8 than at the other end, so that the anchoring liquid is quickly conveyed to the target position through the conveying groove to complete the anchoring, and at the same time, it is ensured that the anchoring liquid will not be retained or overflowed during the conveying process, thereby reducing the waste of the anchoring liquid.

[0037] The offset detection assembly includes a first isolation plate 14 and a second isolation plate 10 welded to the inside of the shell 1. The first isolation plate 14 is located above the second isolation plate 10. The bottom ball joint of the first isolation plate 14 is provided with a connecting rod 13. A hollow ball 12 is welded to the bottom end of the connecting rod 13. A sleeve 11 is welded to the top of the second isolation plate 10. The hollow ball 12 is located inside the sleeve 11. An alarm trigger is embedded in the inner wall of the sleeve 11. The alarm trigger is electrically connected to the controller 18. When the air ball 12 tilts and touches the inside of the sleeve 11, the alarm trigger is activated, and the offset of the shell 1 is monitored in time, and the information is promptly passed to the staff so that the staff can take corresponding measures in time.

[0038] The pump assembly includes a delivery pump 3 , an input end of the delivery pump 3 is communicated with the anchoring cavity, an output end of the delivery pump 3 is communicated with the anchoring pipe 2 , and the delivery pump 3 is electrically connected to the controller 18 .

[0039] The specific implementation process is as follows: first, bury the shell 1 in the soil layer that needs to be monitored for settlement, and at the same time fix several anchor columns 4 on the surface. At the same time, in order to better pull the shell 1, the anchor columns 4 are evenly distributed radially and are all in the same horizontal plane, ensuring that each anchor pipe 2 is subjected to the same force. At the same time, the shell 1 can be better fixed, reducing the possibility of the shell 1 tilting, thereby improving the monitoring efficiency.

[0040] When the ground subsides to a certain extent, the force plate 6 is subjected to pressure, driving the rack 15 to slide on the inner wall of the shell 1. At the same time, since the spring 19 is fixedly connected to the rack 15, when the rack 15 slides downward, the spring 19 will be stretched, thereby playing a certain buffering role, reducing the possibility of the rack 15 sliding down too fast, thereby providing sufficient time for the subsequent anchoring process to be implemented, ensuring the normal implementation of the subsequent anchoring function, and then using the displacement sensor to monitor the movement distance of the rack 15 in each direction in real time, and transmit the displacement data to the controller 18, and then the controller 18 analyzes the corresponding coal mine goaf surface settlement trend data and transmits it to the terminal, so that the terminal staff can observe the real-time situation in time and take corresponding countermeasures in time; at the same time, when the shell 1 is taken out, since the surface of the force plate 6 is not subjected to other forces, the rack 15 will be reset under the elastic potential energy stored in the spring 19, so as to facilitate the next use. When the rack 15 slides downward, it will drive the gear 16 meshing with it, thereby driving the rotating shaft coaxially fixedly connected to the gear 16 to rotate. Because the two ends of the rotating shaft are respectively rotatably connected to the shell 1 and the fixed column 9, the rotation of the rotating shaft is not affected accordingly, and because the rotating shaft and the nut seat 8 are a ball screw structure, the rotational motion of the rotating shaft can be converted into a linear motion of the nut seat 8, thereby driving the moving rod 5 fixedly connected to the nut seat 8 to move horizontally. The moving rod 5 gradually moves and passes through the fixed column 9 and the shell 1 in turn, and is inserted into the soil around the shell 1, thereby providing a certain support for the shell 1, reducing the possibility of the shell 1 falling with the surrounding soil layer, so as to improve the detection result.

[0041] When the moving rod 5 extends out of the shell 1, if the shell 1 has a tendency to descend with the soil layer at this time, this will increase the pulling force of the shell 1 on the anchor pipe 2. The change of this pulling force is collected by the mechanical sensor, and the change rate of the downward trend of the shell 1 is analyzed by the controller 18. According to this data, the delivery power of the delivery pump 3 is controlled, and the anchoring liquid in the anchor column 4 is delivered to the delivery groove on the corresponding moving rod 5 through the delivery pump 3 along the anchor pipe 2 and the channel 17 inside the fixed column 9, and flows more accurately and quickly along the inclined delivery groove at the bottom to the part of the moving rod 5 located in the soil, thereby completing the anchoring, further improving the stability of the shell 1 and the surrounding soil, and reducing the possibility of the shell 1 moving and affecting the detection result; at the same time, after multiple moving rods 5 move to the outside of the shell 1 and contact with the surrounding soil, the anchoring liquid can be efficiently and quickly delivered to the corresponding position through the delivery grooves on these moving rods 5, thereby completing the reinforcement of the shell 1 around and reducing the possibility of tilting caused by unilateral reinforcement.

[0042] Since the connecting rod 13 is ball-jointed with the bottom of the first isolation plate 14 and the bottom of the connecting rod 13 is fixedly connected to the hollow ball 12, when the shell 1 is offset, the connecting rod 13 and the hollow ball 12 will tilt relative to the shell 1 due to their own gravity, so that the hollow ball 12 will touch the alarm trigger inside the sleeve 11, the alarm trigger is activated, and the offset information is transmitted to the controller 18. After receiving the information, the controller 18 reminds the staff to pay attention to the offset of the shell 1 through the preset alarm mechanism so that corresponding measures can be taken in time.

[0043] Embodiment 2:

[0044] As attached Figure 1 As shown, the difference from Example 1 is that the top of the first isolation plate 14 is welded to the bottom of the fixing column 9 and the connection is a rounded structure, and the top of the first isolation plate 14 is a convex structure; a plurality of inclined leakage holes 7 are opened on the inner wall of the shell 1 near the top of the first isolation plate 14.

[0045] The specific implementation process is as follows: when the anchoring liquid in the conveying trough overflows and falls to the top of the first isolation plate 14, since the top of the first isolation plate 14 is a convex round structure, the anchoring liquid will slide along the inclined surface of the top of the first isolation plate 14 due to its own gravity, and flow out of the shell 1 through the leakage hole 7, mix with the surrounding soil and solidify, thereby further fixing the shell 1 and the surrounding soil, improving the stability of the shell 1, reducing the possibility of it sinking with the soil layer, and improving the accuracy of the monitoring results.

[0046] Embodiment 3:

[0047] The difference from Example 2 is that the controller 18 is also used to analyze the speed and amplitude of the shell 1 when it descends together with the stratum based on the data of the mechanical sensor, and when the shell 1 sinks together with the stratum, the delivery pump 3 is started to deliver the anchoring liquid to the part where the moving rod 5 contacts the soil for overall reinforcement, and the anchoring liquid delivery speed varies with the descent speed. When the descent speed increases, the anchoring liquid delivery speed increases, and vice versa.

[0048] The specific implementation process is as follows: the controller 18 can receive and process the data of the mechanical sensor, and obtain the speed and amplitude of the shell 1 when it descends with the stratum through algorithm analysis. This data analysis capability enables the controller 18 to grasp the dynamic changes of the shell 1 in real time and provide a basis for subsequent decision-making. The controller 18 can also dynamically adjust the delivery speed of the anchoring liquid according to the speed of the shell 1 descent. For example, when the descent speed increases, the delivery speed of the anchoring liquid will also increase accordingly to ensure the reinforcement effect; conversely, when the descent speed slows down, the delivery speed of the anchoring liquid will also decrease to avoid waste and excessive reinforcement. When the controller 18 detects that the shell 1 sinks with the stratum, it will immediately start the delivery pump 3 to deliver the anchoring liquid to the part where the moving rod 5 contacts the soil for overall reinforcement. This intelligent control function ensures that the anchoring liquid can be accurately delivered to the designated location when it is most needed.

[0049] Importantly, it should be noted that the construction and arrangement of the present application shown in a plurality of different exemplary embodiments are only exemplary. Although only a few embodiments are described in detail in this disclosure, it should be readily understood by those who refer to this disclosure that many modifications are possible (e.g., the size, scale, structure, shape and proportion of various elements, and parameter values ​​(e.g., temperature, pressure, etc.), installation arrangement, use of materials, color, directional changes, etc.) without substantially departing from the novel teachings and advantages of the subject matter described in the application. For example, the element shown as integrally formed can be composed of multiple parts or elements, the position of the element can be inverted or otherwise changed, and the nature or number or position of the discrete element can be changed or changed. Therefore, all such modifications are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention. The order or sequence of any process or method steps can be changed or reordered according to alternative embodiments. In the claims, any "device plus function" clause is intended to cover the structure of performing the function described herein, and is not only structurally equivalent but also equivalent structure. Without departing from the scope of the present invention, other replacements, modifications, changes and omissions can be made in the design, operating conditions and arrangement of the exemplary embodiments. Therefore, the invention is not limited to a specific embodiment, but extends to several modifications still falling within the scope of the appended claims.

[0050] Additionally, in order to provide a concise description of exemplary embodiments, all features of an actual embodiment (ie, those features that are not relevant to the best mode presently contemplated for carrying out the invention or those that are not relevant to implementing the invention) may not be described.

[0051] It will be appreciated that in the development of any actual implementation, as in any engineering or design project, numerous implementation-specific decisions may be made. Such a development effort may be complex and time-consuming, but will be a routine task of design, fabrication, and production for those of ordinary skill having the benefit of this disclosure without undue experimentation.

[0052] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention may be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should all be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A surface settlement monitoring device for coal mine goaf, characterized in that: It comprises a housing (1) and a controller (18); The controller (18) is arranged inside the shell (1); a plurality of anchoring assemblies connected to the inside of the shell (1) and used to limit the movement of the shell (1) in the soil layer are arranged on the top of the shell (1); mechanical sensors for detecting the downward pulling force of the shell (1) on the anchoring assemblies are arranged at the connection between the anchoring assemblies and the shell (1); a plurality of monitoring assemblies for detecting surface settlement are arranged in an interlaced manner inside the shell (1); a displacement detection assembly for detecting the displacement degree of the shell (1) is arranged inside the shell (1) and the displacement detection assembly is located below the monitoring assembly; the mechanical sensors, the anchoring assemblies, the monitoring assemblies and the displacement detection assembly are all electrically connected to the controller (18); The anchoring components include an anchoring column (4) and an anchoring tube (2); a storage chamber for storing anchoring liquid is provided inside the anchoring column (4); one end of the anchoring tube (2) is connected to the inside of the shell (1); mechanical sensors are respectively arranged at the connection between the anchoring tube (2) and the shell (1); the other end of the anchoring tube (2) is connected to a pump component for extracting anchoring liquid into the shell (1); the pump component is fixedly connected to the top of the anchoring column (4); and the pump component is electrically connected to the controller (18).

2. The coal mine goaf surface subsidence monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The monitoring components all include a movable groove opened on the surface of the shell (1) and connected to the inside of the shell (1); a rack (15) corresponding to the movable groove is vertically slidably connected to the inner wall of the shell (1); the rack (15) is meshed with a telescopic component for horizontal movement based on the sliding of the rack (15); a force plate (6) is fixedly connected to the side of the rack (15) close to the inner wall of the shell (1); the force plate (6) extends through the movable groove to the outside of the shell (1); a spring (19) is fixedly connected to the top of the rack (15); the end of the spring (19) away from the rack (15) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the shell (1); a displacement sensor for detecting the displacement of the rack (15) is fixedly connected to the inside of the shell (1); and the displacement sensor is electrically connected to the controller (18).

3. The coal mine goaf surface subsidence monitoring device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The telescopic assembly comprises a fixed column (9) located at the center of the top wall of the shell (1) and a plurality of gears (16) respectively meshing with the racks (15); the gears (16) are coaxially fixedly connected with a rotating rod; both ends of the rotating rod are respectively rotatably connected to the shell (1) and the fixed column (9); one end of the rotating rod close to the fixed column (9) is threadedly connected with a nut seat (8); the nut seat (8) and the rotating rod form a ball screw structure; the top of the nut seat (8) is fixedly connected with a moving rod (5); the moving rod (5) can sequentially pass through the fixed column (9) and the shell (1) and extend to the outside of the shell (1); and the shell (1) and the fixed column (9) are slidably matched with the moving rod (5).

4. The coal mine goaf surface subsidence monitoring device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The offset detection component comprises a first isolation plate (14) and a second isolation plate (10) which are arranged inside a shell (1); the first isolation plate (14) is located above the second isolation plate (10); a connecting rod (13) is spherically hinged at the bottom of the first isolation plate (14); the bottom end of the connecting rod (13) is fixedly connected to a hollow ball (12); the top of the second isolation plate (10) is fixedly connected to a sleeve (11); the hollow ball (12) is located inside the sleeve (11); an alarm trigger is embedded in the inner wall of the sleeve (11); the alarm trigger is electrically connected to a controller (18); and the alarm trigger is activated when the hollow ball (12) tilts and touches the inside of the sleeve (11).

5. The coal mine goaf surface subsidence monitoring device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The surface of the moving rod (5) is provided with a delivery groove for delivering the anchoring liquid along its axis, and the delivery groove is opened on the side of the moving rod (5) close to the inner top wall of the shell (1), and the inner bottom wall of the delivery groove is inclined, and the inclination height of the delivery groove is higher at one end close to the nut seat (8) than at the other end.

6. The coal mine goaf surface subsidence monitoring device according to claim 5, characterized in that: A plurality of channels (17) corresponding to the anchor pipe (2) are formed inside the fixed column (9); the top of the channel (17) is connected to the anchor pipe (2); the bottom of the channel (17) extends to the top of the connection between the moving rod (5) and the fixed column (9); and the conveying grooves are respectively located in the flow tracks of the corresponding channels (17).

7. The coal mine goaf surface subsidence monitoring device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The top of the first isolation plate (14) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the fixed column (9) and the connection is a rounded structure. The top of the first isolation plate (14) is a convex structure.

8. The device for monitoring ground subsidence in coal mine goaf as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: The pump assembly comprises a delivery pump (3), the input end of the delivery pump (3) is connected to the anchoring cavity, the output end of the delivery pump (3) is connected to the anchoring pipe (2), and the delivery pump (3) is electrically connected to a controller (18).

9. The coal mine goaf surface subsidence monitoring device according to claim 8, characterized in that: A plurality of inclined leakage holes (7) are provided at one end of the inner wall of the shell (1) close to the top of the first isolation plate (14).

10. The coal mine goaf surface subsidence monitoring device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The controller (18) is also used to analyze the speed and amplitude of the shell (1) when it descends along with the stratum based on the data of the mechanical sensor, and when the shell (1) sinks along with the stratum, the delivery pump (3) is started to deliver the anchoring liquid to the part where the moving rod (5) contacts the soil for overall reinforcement, and the delivery speed of the anchoring liquid varies with the descent speed. When the descent speed increases, the delivery speed of the anchoring liquid increases, and vice versa.

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