Temperature control system and method for hydrogen cycle test of vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage system

Abstract

The invention discloses a temperature control system for a hydrogen cycle test of a vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage system, which comprises a hydrogen pipeline, the inlet end of the hydrogen pipeline is used for being connected with a gas source, and a first compressor assembly and a second compressor assembly are arranged near the inlet end of the hydrogen pipeline; the exhaust port ends of the first compressor assembly and the second compressor assembly are respectively connected with a first buffer tank and a second buffer tank; a one-way valve, a pressure reducing valve, a flow limiter and a flow controller are sequentially arranged at the rear ends of the first buffer tank and the second buffer tank; a heat exchange system is arranged on the hydrogen pipeline at the rear end of the flow controller, and hydrogen flowing through the heat exchange system enters the detected gas cylinder. The hydrogen storage system and the pressurization system are arranged, and the control device and method for the hydrogen charging pressure and temperature in the hydrogen cycle test process are included, so that the energy consumption and the operation cost are reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of hydrogen energy, and in particular to a temperature control system and method for hydrogen cycle testing of a vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage system. Background Art

[0002] The hydrogen cycle test is a charging and discharging test to test the fatigue resistance and hydrogen permeation ability of on-board hydrogen storage cylinders under hydrogen conditions. The current test standards mainly include the domestic "Car Compressed Hydrogen Aluminum Liner Carbon Fiber Wrapped Cylinders for Vehicles", "Car Compressed Hydrogen Plastic Liner Carbon Fiber Fully Wrapped Cylinders for Vehicles" (T / CASI 02 007-2020), the international "Global Technical Regulation on Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Vehicles" (GTR No. 13) formulated by the United Nations World Forum for Harmonization of Vehicle Regulations, and the "Gaseous Hydrogen--Land Vehicle Fuel Containers" (ISO 19881) formulated by the International Organization for Standardization.

[0003] The above standards all put forward requirements for the hydrogen filling process of the hydrogen cycle test, which can generally be divided into normal temperature and pressure pressure cycle, high temperature pressure cycle, and low temperature pressure cycle, but it does not clearly mention how to achieve it. Existing patent literature and other materials also mostly study the hydrogen cycle process from a system perspective. There is no research on its internal pressure and temperature control, and it is generally summarized as a boost module. The hydrogen cycle test system is huge, and the key components involved, such as the hydrogen storage system and the boost system, have high material costs, which ultimately leads to high operating costs after the hydrogen cycle test system is built, which in turn leads to high testing costs, which is not conducive to the development of hydrogen energy products.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to improve the above structure to overcome the above defects. Summary of the invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a temperature control system and method for hydrogen cycle testing of a vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage system, so as to solve the problems existing in the prior art.

[0006] The above technical objectives of the present invention are achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] A temperature control system for a hydrogen cycle test of a vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage system comprises a hydrogen pipeline, the inlet end of the hydrogen pipeline is used to connect a gas source, and a first compressor assembly and a second compressor assembly are provided near the inlet end of the hydrogen pipeline;

[0008] The exhaust ports of the first compressor assembly and the second compressor assembly are connected to the first buffer tank and the second buffer tank respectively, and a one-way valve, a pressure reducing valve, a flow restrictor and a flow controller are sequentially arranged at the rear ends of the first buffer tank and the second buffer tank;

[0009] A heat exchange system is arranged on the hydrogen pipeline at the rear end of the flow controller, and the hydrogen flowing through the heat exchange system enters the gas cylinder to be tested.

[0010] Further, the first compressor assembly is a 45Mpa compressor, including a first compressor main motor and a first compressor body, and a first control valve and a first pressure sensor are provided at the front and rear ends of the first compressor main motor and the first compressor body;

[0011] A second automatic control valve is provided on the hydrogen pipeline connecting the first compressor assembly and the first buffer tank, and a third automatic control valve is provided on the hydrogen pipeline at the outlet end of the first buffer tank.

[0012] Further, the second compressor assembly is a 90MPa compressor, including a second compressor main motor and a second compressor body, and a fourth control valve and a second pressure sensor are provided at the front and rear ends of the second compressor main motor and the second compressor body;

[0013] A fifth automatic control valve is provided on the hydrogen pipeline connecting the second compressor assembly and the second buffer tank, and a sixth automatic control valve is provided on the hydrogen pipeline at the outlet end of the second buffer tank.

[0014] Furthermore, a pressure balancing pipeline connected in parallel with the first compressor assembly is provided at the front end of the second compressor assembly, and a seventh control valve is provided on the pressure balancing pipeline.

[0015] Furthermore, the heat exchange system includes a first heat exchanger, a first temperature sensor, and a second heat exchanger which are sequentially arranged on the upper hydrogen pipeline, and the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger are connected to the second water circuit valve and the first water circuit valve.

[0016] Furthermore, the gas cylinder under test is provided with a second temperature sensor and a third pressure sensor, and the second temperature sensor and the third pressure sensor are communicatively connected to the PLC control system.

[0017] A temperature control method for a hydrogen cycle test of a vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage system includes a pressure control process and a temperature control process. The pressure control process includes the following steps:

[0018] 7.1) Set the air inlet pressure point P of the air source, which is used to balance the cost and power consumption of the compressor;

[0019] 7.2) When the inlet pressure is greater than P, the pressure medium of the gas source input hydrogen pipeline enters the tested gas cylinder at the rear end through the first compressor assembly for testing;

[0020] 7.3) When the inlet pressure is greater than P, open the seventh control valve, close the first control valve, and balance the pressure of the tested gas cylinder; when the pressure is balanced, open the first control valve, close the seventh control valve, and increase the pressure through the first compressor assembly;

[0021] 7.4) When the pressure in the tested gas cylinder is ≥ the pressure at the outlet of the first compressor assembly - 5MPa, close the second automatic control valve, the fourth control valve, the fifth automatic control valve and the sixth automatic control valve, and the pressure medium of the gas source input hydrogen pipeline enters the tested gas cylinder at the rear end through the first compressor assembly and the second compressor assembly for testing.

[0022] Furthermore, the temperature control process comprises the following steps:

[0023] 8.1) During the test of the gas cylinder, the temperature of the gas cylinder will gradually increase;

[0024] 8.2) When the temperature increase value △T measured by the second temperature sensor is greater than △T 参考 When the first water circuit valve is opened, the cooling water is introduced into the first heat exchanger to cool the test medium. The temperature drop is > △T 参考 , ensure that the gas temperature in the cylinder does not exceed △T 参考 ;

[0025] 8.3) When the temperature increase value △T continues to increase and exceeds .*△T 参考 When the test medium is cooled, the second water circuit valve is opened to introduce cooling water into the second heat exchanger.

[0026] Furthermore, the pressure reducing valve, the first pressure sensor, the second pressure sensor and the third pressure sensor are all communicatively connected to the PLC control system; the PLC control system feeds back a control signal to the corresponding control valve according to the numerical difference between the first pressure sensor, the second pressure sensor and the third pressure sensor.

[0027] In summary, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0028] By setting up a hydrogen storage system and a pressurization system, including a device and method for controlling the hydrogen filling pressure and temperature during the hydrogen cycle test, energy consumption and operating costs can be reduced. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the temperature control system for hydrogen cycle test of the vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage system according to the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] In order to make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects achieved by the present invention easy to understand, the present invention is further described below in conjunction with illustrations and specific embodiments.

[0031] The theoretical basis of the pressure and temperature control technology provided by this patent is the test standard and the filling standard. The focus is on solving the problem of how to control the pressure and temperature during the hydrogen filling process according to the test standard. The concept of reducing consumption and cost is introduced in the process of solving the problem.

[0032] First, according to the relevant standards for hydrogen cycle testing, the upper limit of the pressure during hydrogen filling reaches 1.25P (P is the nominal working pressure of the hydrogen cylinder), and the residual pressure of the cylinder is only 2MPa. When the nominal working pressure of the tested cylinder is 35MPa, the upper limit of the hydrogen filling pressure P35=1.25*35=43.75MPa, and when the nominal working pressure of the tested hydrogen cylinder is 70MPa, the upper limit of the hydrogen filling pressure P70=1.25*70=87.5MPa. Combined with the pressure level classification of the hydrogen refueling station, the hydrogen storage pressure of the hydrogen storage system of the test system Pstorage=90MPa, and the maximum exhaust pressure of the compressor Ppressure=90MPa. Considering that the gas source on the current market is generally a 20MPa tube bundle truck, its practical pressure range is generally 5-20MPa. In summary, it can be clearly seen that when hydrogen is charged, the pressure of the object under test increases from 2MPa to 43.75MPa or 87.5MPa. Therefore, the pressure that the same test system needs to provide must be greater than 87.5MPa, the compressor inlet pressure is at least 5MPa, and the maximum exhaust pressure should be able to reach 90MPa.

[0033] Secondly, according to the relevant standards for gas cylinders, the temperature range of hydrogen in hydrogen cylinders is T lower limit = -40°C to T upper limit = 85°C. This temperature range is a prerequisite for ensuring the safe use of gas cylinders, so this requirement must also be met when testing the hydrogen filling of gas cylinders. According to the standard requirements, when filling hydrogen, the gas cylinder pressure should be filled to the specified pressure value within 3 minutes, and the hydrogen filling rate shall not exceed 60g / s, and the gas cylinder temperature shall not exceed the T upper limit. When the gas cylinder temperature is greater than the T upper limit, the hydrogen filling rate should be reduced. In summary, it can be clearly seen that when filling hydrogen, the hydrogen filling rate and hydrogen filling temperature need to be controlled and adjusted.

[0034] Take the normal temperature pressure cycle test of a 70MPa vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage bottle as an example. The normal temperature pressure cycle test requirements are as follows:

[0035]

[0036] According to the test pressure requirements in the table, the compressor needs to increase the pressure from the minimum 5MPa to 90MPa, and the initial pressure of the tested gas cylinder is only 2MPa. If a compressor is selected, it will face the problems of large pressure ratio and high power consumption. Considering that this system also needs to test 35MPa gas cylinders, at this time, the exhaust pressure is only 45MPa. Therefore, the hydrogen filling compressor is divided into two, and two compressor systems are configured: 45MPa compressor and 90MPa compressor. Since regulations do not allow direct filling of gas cylinders, buffer tanks are configured at the exhaust end of the compressor.

[0037] like Figure 1 As shown, a temperature control system for a hydrogen cycle test of a vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage system proposed by the present invention comprises a hydrogen pipeline, the inlet end of the hydrogen pipeline is used to connect a gas source, and a first compressor assembly 2 and a second compressor assembly 3 are provided near the inlet end of the hydrogen pipeline;

[0038] The exhaust ports of the first compressor assembly 2 and the second compressor assembly 3 are connected to the first buffer tank 8 and the second buffer tank 9 respectively, and a one-way valve 10, a pressure reducing valve 11, a flow limiter 12 and a flow controller 13 are sequentially arranged at the rear ends of the first buffer tank 8 and the second buffer tank 9;

[0039] A heat exchange system 15 is provided on the hydrogen pipeline at the rear end of the flow controller 13 , and the hydrogen flowing through the heat exchange system 15 enters the gas cylinder 18 to be tested.

[0040] The first compressor assembly 2 is a 45Mpa compressor, including a first compressor main motor 22 and a first compressor body 23, and a first control valve 21 and a first pressure sensor 24 are provided at the front and rear ends of the first compressor main motor 22 and the first compressor body 23;

[0041] A second automatic control valve 4 is provided on the hydrogen pipeline connecting the first compressor assembly 2 and the first buffer tank 8 , and a third automatic control valve 6 is provided on the hydrogen pipeline at the outlet end of the first buffer tank 8 .

[0042] The second compressor assembly 3 is a 90MPa compressor, including a second compressor main motor 32 and a second compressor body 33, and a fourth control valve 31 and a second pressure sensor 34 are provided at the front and rear ends of the second compressor main motor 32 and the second compressor body 33;

[0043] A fifth automatic control valve 5 is provided on the hydrogen pipeline connecting the second compressor assembly 3 and the second buffer tank 9 , and a sixth automatic control valve 7 is provided on the hydrogen pipeline at the outlet end of the second buffer tank 9 .

[0044] A pressure balancing pipeline connected in parallel with the first compressor assembly 2 is provided at the front end of the second compressor assembly 3 , and a seventh control valve 25 is provided on the pressure balancing pipeline.

[0045] The heat exchange system 15 includes a first heat exchanger 152 , a first temperature sensor 153 and a second heat exchanger 151 which are sequentially arranged on the upper hydrogen pipeline. The first heat exchanger 152 and the second heat exchanger 151 are connected to the second water circuit valve 155 and the first water circuit valve 154 .

[0046] The gas cylinder 18 to be tested is provided with a second temperature sensor 16 and a third pressure sensor 17 , and the second temperature sensor 16 and the third pressure sensor 17 are communicatively connected with the PLC control system.

[0047] A temperature control method for a hydrogen cycle test of a vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage system includes a pressure control process and a temperature control process. The pressure control process includes the following steps:

[0048] 7.1) Set the air inlet pressure point P0 of the air source, which is used to balance the cost and power consumption of the compressor;

[0049] 7.2) When the inlet pressure is greater than P0, the pressure medium of the gas source input hydrogen pipeline enters the tested gas cylinder 18 at the rear end through the first compressor assembly 2 for testing;

[0050] 7.3) When the intake pressure is greater than P1, the seventh control valve 25 is opened, the first control valve 21 is closed, and the pressure of the tested gas cylinder 18 is balanced; when the pressure is balanced, the first control valve 21 is opened, the seventh control valve 25 is closed, and the pressure is increased through the first compressor assembly 2;

[0051] 7.4) When the pressure in the tested gas cylinder 18 is ≥ the pressure at the outlet of the first compressor assembly 2 - 5MPa, close the second automatic control valve 4, the fourth control valve 31, the fifth automatic control valve 5 and the sixth automatic control valve 7, and the pressure medium of the gas source input hydrogen pipeline enters the tested gas cylinder 18 at the rear end through the first compressor assembly 2 and the second compressor assembly 3 for testing.

[0052] The temperature control process comprises the following steps:

[0053] 8.1) During the test of the gas cylinder 18, the temperature of the gas cylinder 18 will gradually increase;

[0054] 8.2) When the temperature increase value △T measured by the second temperature sensor 16 is greater than △T 参考 When the first water valve 154 is opened, the cooling water is introduced into the first heat exchanger 152 to cool the test medium, and the temperature reduction amount is greater than △T 参考 , ensure that the gas temperature in the cylinder does not exceed △T 参考 ;

[0055] 8.3) When the temperature increase value △T continues to increase and exceeds 1.5*△T 参考When the test medium is cooled, the second water circuit valve 155 is opened to introduce cooling water into the second heat exchanger 151 to cool the test medium.

[0056] The pressure reducing valve 11, the first pressure sensor 24, the second pressure sensor 34 and the third pressure sensor 17 are all communicatively connected to the PLC control system;

[0057] The PLC control system feeds back control signals to corresponding control valves according to the numerical differences among the first pressure sensor 24 , the second pressure sensor 34 and the third pressure sensor 17 .

[0058] In this document, the directions or positional relationships indicated by terms such as "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "vertical", and "horizontal" are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the clarity of expressing the technical solutions and the convenience of description, and therefore should not be understood as limitations of the present invention.

[0059] In this document, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion of elements other than those listed and may also include additional elements not expressly listed.

[0060] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are only for explaining the principles of the present invention. The present invention may be subject to various changes and improvements without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. These changes and improvements fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A temperature control system for hydrogen cycle testing of a vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage system, characterized in that: It comprises a hydrogen pipeline, the inlet end of the hydrogen pipeline is used to connect to a gas source, and a first compressor assembly (2) and a second compressor assembly (3) are arranged near the inlet end of the hydrogen pipeline; The exhaust ports of the first compressor assembly (2) and the second compressor assembly (3) are connected to a first buffer tank (8) and a second buffer tank (9) respectively, and a one-way valve (10), a pressure reducing valve (11), a flow limiter (12) and a flow controller (13) are sequentially provided at the rear ends of the first buffer tank (8) and the second buffer tank (9); A heat exchange system (15) is provided on the hydrogen pipeline at the rear end of the flow controller (13), and the hydrogen flowing through the heat exchange system (15) enters the gas cylinder (18) to be tested.

2. The temperature control system for hydrogen cycle test of vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first compressor assembly (2) is a 45Mpa compressor, comprising a first compressor main motor (22) and a first compressor body (23), wherein a first control valve (21) and a first pressure sensor (24) are provided at the front and rear ends of the first compressor main motor (22) and the first compressor body (23); A second automatic control valve (4) is provided on the hydrogen pipeline connecting the first compressor assembly (2) and the first buffer tank (8), and a third automatic control valve (6) is provided on the hydrogen pipeline at the outlet end of the first buffer tank (8).

3. The temperature control system for hydrogen cycle test of vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second compressor assembly (3) is a 90 MPa compressor, comprising a second compressor main motor (32) and a second compressor body (33), and a fourth control valve (31) and a second pressure sensor (34) are provided at the front and rear ends of the second compressor main motor (32) and the second compressor body (33); A fifth automatic control valve (5) is provided on the hydrogen pipeline connecting the second compressor assembly (3) and the second buffer tank (9), and a sixth automatic control valve (7) is provided on the hydrogen pipeline at the outlet end of the second buffer tank (9).

4. The temperature control system for hydrogen cycle test of vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage system according to claim 3, characterized in that: A pressure balancing pipeline connected in parallel with the first compressor assembly (2) is provided at the front end of the second compressor assembly (3), and a seventh control valve (25) is provided on the pressure balancing pipeline.

5. The temperature control system for hydrogen cycle test of vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat exchange system (15) comprises a first heat exchanger (152), a first temperature sensor (153) and a second heat exchanger (151) which are sequentially arranged on the upper hydrogen pipeline, and the first heat exchanger (152) and the second heat exchanger (151) are connected to the second water circuit valve (155) and the first water circuit valve (154).

6. The temperature control system for hydrogen cycle test of vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas cylinder (18) to be tested is provided with a second temperature sensor (16) and a third pressure sensor (17), and the second temperature sensor (16) and the third pressure sensor (17) are communicatively connected with the PLC control system.

7. A temperature control method for a hydrogen cycle test of a vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage system, comprising a temperature control system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The method comprises a pressure control process and a temperature control process, wherein the pressure control process comprises the following steps: 7.1) Set the air inlet pressure point P0 of the air source, which is used to balance the cost and power consumption of the compressor; 7.2) When the inlet pressure is greater than P0, the pressure medium of the gas source input hydrogen pipeline enters the tested gas cylinder (18) at the rear end through the first compressor assembly (2) for testing; 7.3) When the intake pressure is greater than P1, the seventh control valve (25) is opened, the first control valve (21) is closed, and the pressure of the tested gas cylinder (18) is balanced; when the pressure is balanced, the first control valve (21) is opened, the seventh control valve (25) is closed, and the pressure is increased through the first compressor assembly (2); 7.4) When the pressure in the tested gas cylinder (18) is ≥ the pressure at the outlet of the first compressor assembly (2) - 5 MPa, the second automatic control valve (4), the fourth control valve (31), the fifth automatic control valve (5) and the sixth automatic control valve (7) are closed, and the pressure medium of the gas source input hydrogen pipeline enters the tested gas cylinder (18) at the rear end through the first compressor assembly (2) and the second compressor assembly (3) for testing.

8. The temperature control method for hydrogen cycle test of vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The temperature control process comprises the following steps: 8.1) During the test of the gas cylinder (18), the temperature of the gas cylinder (18) will gradually increase; 8.2) When the temperature increase value △T measured by the second temperature sensor (16) is greater than △T 参考 When the first water circuit valve (154) is opened, cooling water is introduced into the first heat exchanger (152) to cool the test medium, and the temperature reduction amount is greater than △T 参考 , ensure that the gas temperature in the cylinder does not exceed △T 参考 ; 8.3) When the temperature increase value △T continues to increase and exceeds 1.5*△T 参考 When the test medium is cooled, the second water circuit valve (155) is opened to introduce cooling water into the second heat exchanger (151) to cool the test medium.

9. The temperature control method for hydrogen cycle test of vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The pressure reducing valve (11), the first pressure sensor (24), the second pressure sensor (34) and the third pressure sensor (17) are all communicatively connected to the PLC control system; The PLC control system feeds back a control signal to a corresponding control valve according to the numerical difference between the first pressure sensor (24), the second pressure sensor (34) and the third pressure sensor (17).

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