Evaluation method and device for service capability of emergency shelter, and medium

Abstract

The invention discloses an emergency shelter service capability assessment method and device and a medium, and the method comprises the steps: carrying out the calculation based on the basic data of various emergency shelters, and obtaining a walking reachable service region area set of various emergency shelters; performing spatial superposition on the service region area set and the construction land range to obtain the land area of the emergency shelter service coverage to-be-evaluated region; and according to the population density and the land area of the to-be-evaluated area, calculating the population proportion which can be served by various emergency shelters in the to-be-evaluated area, and obtaining evaluation results of various emergency shelters in the to-be-evaluated area. According to the method and the device for evaluating the service capability of the emergency shelter, and the medium provided by the invention, the evaluation results of various emergency shelters are calculated by reasonably calculating the walking accessibility, accurately carrying out spatial overlay analysis and fully considering the population density difference, so that the service capability of the emergency shelter is evaluated. The problem that it is difficult to accurately evaluate the service capability of the emergency shelter can be solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of urban planning, and in particular to a method, a device and a medium for evaluating the service capacity of an emergency shelter. Background Art

[0002] As an important part of public safety and emergency management, emergency shelters play an important role in transferring people from danger, resettling refugees and maintaining social stability in the process of early warning response, emergency rescue and transitional resettlement of major emergencies. Scientifically evaluating the service capacity of emergency shelters is an important basis for making special plans for emergency shelters. At present, the assessment and verification of emergency shelters is often carried out through the method of "document review + on-site investigation", which combines the analysis of written materials with the investigation of the actual environment, and can timely evaluate the actual situation and effectiveness of emergency shelters.

[0003] However, due to the large number and scattered locations of emergency shelter facilities, the assessment of the service capacity of emergency shelters is easily insufficiently accurate; and directly allocating the population on non-construction land will lead to low population density data, resulting in a mismatch between the assessment of the service capacity of emergency shelters and the actual population distribution. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention provides a method, a device and a medium for evaluating the service capacity of an emergency shelter, so as to solve the problem that it is difficult to accurately evaluate the service capacity of an emergency shelter.

[0005] Obtain basic data on various emergency shelters and roads in the area to be assessed; Based on the basic data, a service area set within walking distance of each type of emergency shelter is calculated according to the walking time to each type of emergency shelter; The service area set and the construction land scope of the area to be evaluated are spatially superimposed to obtain the land area of ​​the area to be evaluated covered by the emergency shelter service; The proportion of the population that can be served by various emergency shelters in the area to be evaluated is calculated according to the population density of the area to be evaluated and the land area, and the evaluation results of various emergency shelters in the area to be evaluated are obtained.

[0006] In the present invention, since walking accessibility is directly related to whether people can quickly reach the shelter in an emergency, the actual service scope and service capacity of the emergency shelter can be more accurately evaluated by calculating the walking time. Through spatial superposition, it can be intuitively displayed which areas have been effectively covered by services and which areas may have service blind spots or insufficient service capacity. The proportion of the population that can be served by various emergency shelters is calculated based on the population density and land area of ​​the area to be evaluated. This method fully considers the differences in population distribution; since the population density in different areas is different, the service demand for emergency shelters is also different. By considering the population density, the service capacity of emergency shelters can be more reasonably evaluated; and this method avoids the problem that directly allocating population data to non-construction land will result in low population density data, so that the evaluation results of the service capacity of emergency shelters are adapted to the actual population distribution.

[0007] Compared with the prior art, the present invention obtains the evaluation results of various emergency shelters by reasonably calculating the walking accessibility, accurately performing spatial overlay analysis, and fully considering the differences in population density, thereby reducing the subjectivity and arbitrariness in the evaluation process and improving the accuracy and reliability of the evaluation results. Therefore, it can solve the problem of difficulty in accurately evaluating the service capacity of emergency shelters.

[0008] As a preferred solution, based on the basic data, the service area set within walking distance of each type of emergency shelter is calculated according to the walking time to each type of emergency shelter, specifically: Intersecting lines of road centerlines in the basic data are interrupted, and topological errors of the basic data are corrected to obtain a road segment set; According to a preset walking speed, a walking time set is calculated based on the road segment set; A cost matrix is ​​established based on the walking time set and solved to obtain the service area set within which the various emergency shelters are reachable on foot.

[0009] This preferred solution can ensure the accuracy and consistency of road network data by interrupting the intersection of road centerlines and correcting topological errors, which helps eliminate network connectivity problems caused by uninterrupted intersections or topological errors. Using the cost matrix for solving, the walking time set and the walking service area area set can be efficiently calculated; and this process can be calculated based on different walking times to meet the walking needs of different groups of people, which helps ensure the comprehensiveness and accuracy of the analysis results.

[0010] As a preferred solution, a cost matrix is ​​established and solved based on the walking time set to obtain the service area set within walking distance of the various emergency shelters, specifically: Based on the walking time set, in a preset network analysis tool, the cost matrix is ​​established by loading long-term fixed emergency shelter facility points, short-term fixed emergency shelter facility points and emergency emergency shelter facility points as starting points and setting the walking direction to leave the facility point; By defining walking time as a cost attribute and solving the cost matrix, the service area set within which the various emergency shelters are reachable on foot is obtained.

[0011] This preferred solution establishes a cost matrix based on detailed road network data and walking time costs, which can accurately reflect the walking accessibility from emergency shelter facilities to surrounding areas. By solving the cost matrix, an accurate service area set can be obtained, providing a scientific basis for subsequent evaluation.

[0012] As a preferred solution, the service area area set and the construction land scope of the area to be evaluated are spatially superimposed to obtain the land area of ​​the area to be evaluated covered by the emergency shelter service, specifically: The service area area set and the construction land scope of the area to be evaluated are spatially superimposed to obtain a spatial superposition area; wherein the construction land scope of the area to be evaluated refers to the scope of the concentrated urban construction area and the village construction area; The land area of ​​the emergency shelter service coverage area to be evaluated is obtained by cutting out the area of ​​intersection of the spatial overlapping areas.

[0013] Through spatial overlay analysis, this preferred solution can accurately match the service area of ​​the emergency shelter with the construction land scope of the area to be evaluated, ensuring the accuracy of the evaluation results. The construction land scope of the area to be evaluated refers to the scope of concentrated urban construction areas and village construction areas, which helps to ensure that the evaluation results can truly reflect the coverage of emergency shelters in actual use.

[0014] As a preferred solution, the proportion of the population that can be served by various emergency shelters in the area to be evaluated is calculated according to the population density of the area to be evaluated and the land area, and the evaluation results of various emergency shelters in the area to be evaluated are obtained, specifically: Subdividing the land area into administrative regions to obtain the area covered by the minimum unit emergency shelter service; Based on the area of ​​the region and the population density of the administrative area in the area to be assessed, the number of people served by the coverage of various emergency shelters in the area to be assessed is calculated; Calculate the proportion of the population that can be served by various emergency shelters in the area to be assessed based on the population size and the total population of the area to be assessed; The population ratio is evaluated to obtain the evaluation results on the service capacity of various emergency shelters in the area to be evaluated.

[0015] This preferred solution can more accurately evaluate the service capacity of emergency shelters in each administrative area by subdividing the land area into administrative areas. The population density of the administrative area is combined to calculate the number of people within the service range of various emergency shelters. This calculation method takes into account the differences in population distribution, making the evaluation results more targeted.

[0016] As a preferred solution, after obtaining the basic data of various emergency shelters and roads in the area to be evaluated, the following steps are also included: Classify the emergency shelters in the basic data according to their size and functional positioning to obtain first basic data including long-term fixed emergency shelters, short-term fixed emergency shelters and emergency emergency shelters; Based on the basic data, sections of roads that are not suitable for walking are eliminated, and routes are classified according to road levels to obtain second basic data including a number of emergency shelters and road types; The first basic data and the second basic data constitute final basic data.

[0017] In this preferred solution, long-term fixed emergency shelters are usually located in relatively safe areas with convenient transportation to accommodate more refugees; short-term fixed emergency shelters are usually located near dangerous areas to facilitate the rapid evacuation of people in an emergency; emergency emergency shelters are usually located inside or near buildings to provide temporary shelter in the event of an emergency inside a building. By subdividing the shelters, more powerful data support can be provided for subsequent evaluations. After eliminating sections that are not suitable for walking, the remaining roads are more suitable for walking evacuation; at the same time, classifying routes by road level can provide evacuees with clearer evacuation route options and reduce getting lost and delays during the evacuation process.

[0018] The present application also provides an evaluation device for the service capacity of an emergency shelter, comprising a data module, a duration module, an overlay module and an evaluation module; The data module is used to obtain basic data of various emergency shelters and roads in the area to be evaluated; The duration module is used to calculate the service area set within walking distance of each type of emergency shelter based on the basic data according to the walking time to each type of emergency shelter; The superposition module is used to spatially superimpose the service area area set and the construction land scope of the area to be evaluated to obtain the land area of ​​the emergency shelter service coverage area to be evaluated; The evaluation module is used to calculate the proportion of the population that can be served by various emergency shelters in the area to be evaluated according to the population density of the area to be evaluated and the land area, and obtain the evaluation results of various emergency shelters in the area to be evaluated.

[0019] As a preferred solution, the duration module includes a correction unit, a collection unit and a matrix unit; The correction unit is used to interrupt the intersection lines of the road center lines in the basic data and perform topological error correction on the basic data to obtain a road segment set; The collection unit is used to calculate the walking time set according to the road segment set according to the preset walking speed; The matrix unit is used to establish and solve a cost matrix based on the walking time set to obtain the service area set that is reachable by walking to each type of emergency shelter.

[0020] As a preferred solution, the matrix unit includes a matrix subunit and a solution subunit; The matrix subunit is used to establish the cost matrix based on the walking time set in a preset network analysis tool by loading long-term fixed emergency shelter facility points, short-term fixed emergency shelter facility points and emergency emergency shelter facility points as starting points and setting the walking direction to leave the facility point; The solving subunit is used to solve the cost matrix by defining walking time as a cost attribute, so as to obtain the service area set that is reachable by walking to each type of emergency shelter.

[0021] As a preferred solution, the superposition module includes a superposition unit and a cutting unit; The superposition unit is used to spatially superimpose the service area area set and the construction land scope of the area to be evaluated to obtain a spatial superposition area; wherein the construction land scope of the area to be evaluated refers to the scope of the concentrated urban construction area and the village construction area; The clipping unit is used to obtain the land area of ​​the emergency shelter service coverage area to be evaluated by clipping out the area intersection area of ​​the spatial superposition area.

[0022] As a preferred solution, the evaluation module includes a subdivision unit, a density unit, a ratio unit and an evaluation unit; The subdivision unit is used to subdivide the land area into administrative areas to obtain the area covered by the minimum unit emergency shelter service; The density unit is used to calculate the number of people served by the coverage of various emergency shelters in the area to be evaluated based on the area of ​​the area and the population density of the administrative area in the area to be evaluated; The proportion unit is used to calculate the proportion of the population that can be served by various emergency shelters in the area to be evaluated based on the population size and the total population of the area to be evaluated; The evaluation unit is used to evaluate the population ratio and obtain the evaluation results on the service capacity of various emergency shelters in the area to be evaluated.

[0023] As a preferred solution, after the data module, it also includes a classification unit, a rejection unit and a combination unit; The classification unit is used to classify the emergency shelters in the basic data according to their size and functional positioning, and obtain the first basic data including long-term fixed emergency shelters, short-term fixed emergency shelters and emergency emergency shelters; The elimination unit is used to eliminate the road sections that are not suitable for walking based on the basic data, and classify the routes according to the road level to obtain the second basic data including a number of emergency shelters and road types; The combining unit is used to form final basic data from the first basic data and the second basic data.

[0024] The present application also provides a storage medium having a computer program stored thereon. The computer program is called and executed by a computer to implement the above-mentioned method for evaluating the service capacity of an emergency shelter. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] FIG1 is a flow chart of a method for evaluating the service capacity of an emergency shelter provided in an embodiment of the present application; FIG2 is a schematic diagram of various emergency shelter locations and road networks provided in an embodiment of the present application; FIG3 is a schematic diagram of the coverage of the service areas within walking distance of various emergency shelters provided in an embodiment of the present application; FIG4 is a schematic diagram of the distribution of construction land in towns and villages in the area to be evaluated provided in an embodiment of the present application; FIG5 is a schematic diagram showing the spatial superposition of the walkable areas of various emergency shelters and the existing construction land provided in the embodiment of the present application; FIG6 is a schematic diagram of the land use scope of various emergency shelter services provided by the embodiment of the present application; FIG7 is a flow chart of emergency shelter service capacity assessment provided by an embodiment of the present application; FIG8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an emergency shelter service capacity evaluation device provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0027] In the description of the present application, unless otherwise specified, “several” means two or more.

[0028] The embodiment of the present application provides an evaluation method for the service capacity of an emergency shelter, which is mainly used in situations where the precision of the evaluation of the service capacity of an emergency shelter needs to be improved, and where the service capacity of an emergency shelter needs to be accurately matched to the actual population distribution.

[0029] Embodiment 1: Please refer to FIG. 1 . The embodiment of the present application provides a method for evaluating the service capacity of an emergency shelter, including S1 to S4. The specific implementation steps are as follows: S1. Obtain basic data on various emergency shelters and roads in the area to be assessed.

[0030] Step S1 of the embodiment of the present application is specifically as follows: Obtain basic data on various emergency shelters and roads in the area to be assessed.

[0031] The emergency shelters in the basic data are classified according to the size and functional positioning of the preset standards, and the first basic data including long-term fixed emergency shelters, short-term fixed emergency shelters and emergency emergency shelters are obtained; the preset standard is "GBT 44013-2024 Classification and Classification of Emergency Shelters"; and long-term fixed emergency shelters must meet the service radius of 5km and can be reached within 70min to 90min on foot; short-term fixed emergency shelters must meet the service radius of 2.5km and can be reached within 30min to 40min on foot; emergency emergency shelters must meet the service radius of 1km and can be reached within 10min to 15min on foot; The existing road centerline vector data was obtained from the open source database OSM (OpenStreetMap), and the basic data was converted into shapefile linear data through ArcGIS conversion tools. The highway data and expressway data that are not suitable for walking were eliminated, and the routes were classified according to the road level to obtain the second basic data containing several emergency shelters and road types; the road level includes main road, secondary road and branch road; The final basic data are composed of the first basic data and the second basic data.

[0032] To apply the embodiment of the present application, please refer to Figure 2, which is a schematic diagram of various emergency shelter locations and road networks provided in the embodiment of the present application, representing the shapefile linear data representation obtained after data elimination and classification of the basic data.

[0033] In this embodiment S1, the long-term fixed emergency shelter is used to provide emergency shelter and long-term shelter placement and centralized assistance to emergency refugees within the service radius, and is equipped with emergency facilities, equipment and materials that meet the requirements of emergency shelter function configuration. It is mainly suitable for shelter types such as earthquake disasters, geological disasters, floods, low temperature freezing and snow disasters, tsunamis, forest and grassland fires, ecological and environmental events, public health events and air raids; short-term fixed emergency shelters are used to provide emergency shelter and short-term shelter placement and centralized assistance to emergency refugees within the service radius, and is equipped with emergency facilities, equipment and materials that meet the requirements of emergency shelter function configuration. It is mainly suitable for shelter types such as earthquake disasters, geological disasters, floods, typhoons and storms. Shelter types include rain disasters, low temperature freezing and snow disasters, tsunami disasters, forest and grassland fires, production safety accidents, ecological and environmental events, public health events and air raids; emergency shelters are used to provide emergency shelter to emergency refugees within the service radius, and are equipped with emergency facilities, equipment and materials that meet the basic configuration requirements of emergency shelter functions. They are also transitional places for emergency refugees to gather and transfer to other types of shelters. They are mainly suitable for earthquake disasters, geological disasters, floods, typhoons and rainstorm disasters, forest and grassland fires, production safety accidents and air raids; at the same time, route classification by road level can provide evacuees with clearer evacuation route options and reduce getting lost and delays during the evacuation process.

[0034] S2. Based on basic data, the service area set of various emergency shelters that can be reached by walking is calculated according to the walking time to various emergency shelters.

[0035] Step S2 of the embodiment of the present application includes S2.1 to S2.2, specifically: S2.1. Import the road centerline vector data in the basic data on the ArcGIS platform to build a traffic data network; The ArcGIS advanced editing tool is used to interrupt the intersection of the road centerline in the basic data, and the basic data is checked for topological errors according to the topological rules. The topological errors are corrected by the editing tool until there are no topological errors and the requirements of no hanging points and no self-intersection are met. The road segment set L = { , ... }; Among them, the topological rule is that there is no hanging point and no self-intersection; Add the field attribute of "walking time" to each road segment of the road segment set L, and the field unit is "min"; and based on the average walking speed of 60m / min, calculate the walking time set T according to the road segment set L = { , ... }.

[0036] Among them, the solution formula for walking time in the walking time set is: in, It's walking time. is the length of the road segment in the road segment set L, is the average walking speed.

[0037] To apply the embodiment of the present application, please refer to Table 1, which is a road attribute table provided in the embodiment of the present application, indicating the walking time corresponding to roads of different lengths.

[0038] Table 1 Road attribute table This embodiment S2.1 can ensure the accuracy and consistency of road network data by interrupting the intersection lines of the road center lines and correcting topological errors, which helps to eliminate network connectivity problems caused by uninterrupted intersection lines or topological errors.

[0039] S2.2, based on the walking time set T, using the network analysis tool (NetworkAnalyst) on the ArcGIS platform, with the traffic data network as the basis, the long-term fixed emergency shelter facility points, short-term fixed emergency shelter facility points and emergency emergency shelter facility points are loaded as the starting point, and the walking direction is set as the departure facility point to establish a cost matrix; Based on the preset standards, the cost matrix is ​​solved according to the walking time of 90 minutes, 40 minutes and 15 minutes respectively, and the service area set of each type of emergency shelter is obtained. ; Among them, the solution process is expressed in mathematical logic as diverging from the facility point to the surrounding roads, summarizing the walking time required for each road section, and when the total time reaches 90min, 40min and 15min, outputting the terminal positions in each direction, and the area enclosed by the terminal positions in series in each direction is used as the analysis result; and the preset standard is "GBT 44013-2024 Classification and Classification of Emergency Shelters"; The service area is Includes the area that can be reached within 90 minutes by walking from the long-term fixed emergency shelter facilities. , The area that can be reached within 40 minutes’ walk from the short-term fixed emergency shelter facility , and includes the area that can be reached within 15 minutes’ walk from the emergency shelter facility ; And the service area area set In mathematical logic, it is expressed as: As a long-term fixed emergency shelter assembly point The union of the areas that can be reached within 90 minutes on foot, and Same reason.

[0040] Among them, for the service area set: ; ; in, The area that can be reached within 90 minutes’ walk from the permanent emergency shelter facility. Represents a long-term fixed emergency shelter location Area that can be reached within 90 minutes on foot; It is the area that can be reached within 40 minutes’ walk from the short-term fixed emergency shelter facility. To provide short-term fixed emergency shelter facilities The area that can be reached within 40 minutes’ walk from the starting point; The area that can be reached within 15 minutes’ walk from the emergency shelter facility; From emergency shelter facilities The area that can be reached within 15 minutes’ walk from the starting point; From emergency shelter facilities The area can be reached within 15 minutes’ walk.

[0041] To apply the embodiment of the present application, please refer to FIG3, which is a schematic diagram of the coverage of the service area within walking distance of various emergency shelters provided in the embodiment of the present application, showing the coverage of the service area within walking distance of various emergency shelters. .

[0042] This embodiment S2.2 establishes a cost matrix based on detailed road network data and walking time costs, which can accurately reflect the walking accessibility from emergency shelter facilities to surrounding areas. By solving the cost matrix, the walking time set and the walking service area area set can be efficiently calculated; and this process can be calculated according to different walking times to meet the walking needs of different groups of people, which helps to ensure the comprehensiveness and accuracy of the analysis results.

[0043] S3. Spatially superimpose the service area area set and the construction land scope of the area to be evaluated to obtain the land area of ​​the area to be evaluated covered by the emergency shelter service.

[0044] Step S3 of the embodiment of the present application is specifically as follows: Obtain the land vector shapefile surface data of the land change survey area to be evaluated, extract the construction land type in the name land type, that is, the land type of "urban land, town land and village land", the land code is "201, 202 and 203", and obtain the current urban and rural construction land, and the total area of ​​the current urban and rural construction land (the construction land scope of the area to be evaluated) is S; Service area set Spatially superimpose the construction land scope S of the area to be evaluated to obtain a spatial superposition area; By cutting out the area intersection area of ​​the spatial superposition area, the land area of ​​the emergency shelter service coverage area to be evaluated is obtained (the land area of ​​the current construction of various emergency shelter service coverage areas to be evaluated) .

[0045] The mathematical formula for the land area of ​​the emergency shelter service coverage area to be assessed is: in, Provide services for various emergency shelters covering the current construction area in the area to be assessed, The area that can be reached within 90 minutes’ walk from the permanent emergency shelter facility. It is the area that can be reached within 40 minutes’ walk from the short-term fixed emergency shelter facility. It is the area that can be reached within 15 minutes’ walk from the emergency shelter facility, and S is the total area of ​​existing urban and rural construction land in the area to be assessed.

[0046] To apply the embodiments of the present application, please refer to Figures 4-6; FIG4 is a schematic diagram of the current distribution of urban and rural construction land in the area to be evaluated provided in an embodiment of the present application, indicating the scope of construction land in the area to be evaluated.

[0047] FIG5 is a schematic diagram of the spatial superposition of the walkable area range of various emergency shelters and the existing construction land provided in the embodiment of the present application, showing the service area area set The spatial superposition area is obtained by spatially superimposing the construction land scope S of the area to be evaluated.

[0048] FIG6 is a schematic diagram of the land use scope of various emergency shelter service coverage status quo provided in the embodiment of the present application, indicating the land use area of ​​the emergency shelter service coverage area to be evaluated .

[0049] In this embodiment S3, through spatial overlay analysis, the service area of ​​the emergency shelter can be accurately matched with the construction land scope of the area to be evaluated, ensuring the accuracy of the evaluation results. The construction land scope of the area to be evaluated refers to the scope of the concentrated urban construction area and the village construction area, which helps to ensure that the evaluation results can truly reflect the coverage of the emergency shelter in actual use.

[0050] S4. Calculate the proportion of the population that can be served by various emergency shelters in the area to be assessed based on the population density and land area of ​​the area to be assessed, and obtain the assessment results of various emergency shelters in the area to be assessed.

[0051] Step S4 of the embodiment of the present application includes S4.1 to S4.2, specifically: S4.1. Obtain the annual population data of the city (county) where the area to be evaluated is located , get the population of each subdivision into the street (town) administrative area ; The population of each subdivision into street (town) administrative areas , evenly distributed in the existing urban and rural construction land in the administrative area of ​​the street (town) , obtain the population density of each subdivision into street (town) administrative area .

[0052] The population density of administrative areas is: in, is the population density distribution data of the administrative area of ​​the dth street (town), is the population of the administrative area of ​​the dth street (town), is the area of ​​the administrative area of ​​the dth street (town), Indicates the total number of streets (towns) involved in the area to be assessed.

[0053] In this embodiment S4.1, by subdividing the land area into administrative regions, the service capacity of emergency shelters in each administrative region can be more accurately evaluated.

[0054] S4.2. Land area by street (town) Subdivide the administrative regions to obtain the area covered by the emergency shelter services in each street (town) ; Based on area and the population density of the administrative area in the area to be assessed Calculate the population served by each type of emergency shelter in the area to be assessed ; According to population and the total population of the area to be assessed , calculate the population proportion set that can be served by various emergency shelters in the area to be evaluated; The proportion of the population concentrated on the population ratio Conduct an assessment if <60%, the service capacity of the emergency shelter in the area is unqualified; if 60%≤ <80%, the emergency shelter service capacity in the area is good; if 80%≤ The service capacity of emergency shelters in this area is excellent; the proportion of the population that has visited various emergency shelters , and obtain the evaluation results of the service capacity of various emergency shelters in the area to be evaluated.

[0055] The solution formula for the regional area is: The population is: The population ratio is: in, The total area of ​​existing construction land in the area to be assessed for various emergency shelter services. The service coverage area of ​​the emergency shelter in the dth street (town) is: Indicates the total number of streets (towns) involved in the area to be assessed; The number of people served by various emergency shelters in the area to be assessed, is the population density distribution data of the administrative area of ​​the dth street (town), is the population of the administrative area of ​​the dth street (town), is the area of ​​the administrative area of ​​the dth subdistrict (town); The proportion of the population that can be served by emergency shelters, is the total population of the area to be assessed.

[0056] In this embodiment S4.2, the population density of the administrative area is combined to calculate the population within the service area of ​​each type of emergency shelter. This calculation method takes into account the differences in population distribution, making the evaluation result more targeted.

[0057] To apply the embodiment of the present application, please refer to Figure 7, which is a flow chart of emergency shelter service capacity assessment provided by the embodiment of the present application, and represents the general process of assessing the service capacity of emergency shelters in the first embodiment of the present application.

[0058] Overall, this embodiment has the following beneficial effects: In this application, since walking accessibility is directly related to whether people can quickly reach the shelter in an emergency, the actual service scope and service capacity of the emergency shelter can be more accurately evaluated by calculating the walking time. Through spatial superposition, it can be intuitively displayed which areas have been effectively covered by services and which areas may have service blind spots or insufficient service capacity. The proportion of the population that can be served by various emergency shelters is calculated based on the population density and land area of ​​the area to be evaluated. This method fully considers the differences in population distribution; due to the different population densities in different areas, the service needs for emergency shelters are also different. By considering population density, the service capacity of emergency shelters can be more reasonably evaluated; and this method avoids the problem of directly allocating population data to non-construction land, which will result in low population density data, so that the evaluation results of the service capacity of emergency shelters are adapted to the actual population distribution.

[0059] Embodiment 2: Please refer to FIG8 , an embodiment of the present application provides an evaluation device for the service capacity of an emergency shelter, including a data module 10 , a duration module 20 , an overlay module 30 , and an evaluation module 40 ; The data module 10 is used to obtain basic data of various emergency shelters and roads in the area to be evaluated; The duration module 20 is used to calculate the service area set within walking distance of various emergency shelters based on the basic data according to the walking time to various emergency shelters; The superposition module 30 is used to spatially superimpose the service area area set and the construction land scope of the area to be evaluated to obtain the land area of ​​the emergency shelter service coverage area to be evaluated; The evaluation module 40 is used to calculate the proportion of the population that can be served by various emergency shelters in the area to be evaluated according to the population density and land area of ​​the area to be evaluated, and obtain the evaluation results of various emergency shelters in the area to be evaluated.

[0060] In one embodiment, the data module 10 includes an acquisition unit, a classification unit, a rejection unit, and a combination unit; The acquisition unit is used to obtain basic data of various emergency shelters and roads in the area to be evaluated.

[0061] The classification unit is also used to classify the emergency shelters in the basic data according to the size and functional positioning of the preset standards, and obtain the first basic data including long-term fixed emergency shelters, short-term fixed emergency shelters and emergency emergency shelters; wherein the preset standard is "GBT 44013-2024 Classification and Classification of Emergency Shelters"; and, long-term fixed emergency shelters need to meet the service radius of 5km or less, and can be reached within 70min to 90min on foot; short-term fixed emergency shelters need to meet the service radius of 2.5km or less, and can be reached within 30min to 40min on foot; emergency emergency shelters need to meet the service radius of 1km or less, and can be reached within 10min to 15min on foot; The elimination unit is used to obtain the current road centerline vector data in the open source database OSM (OpenStreetMap), convert the basic data into shapefile linear data through ArcGIS conversion tools, eliminate the highway data and expressway data that are not suitable for walking, and classify the routes according to the road level to obtain the second basic data including several emergency shelters and road types; the road level includes main road, secondary road and branch road; The combining unit is used to form final basic data from the first basic data and the second basic data.

[0062] To apply the embodiment of the present application, please refer to Figure 2, which is a schematic diagram of various emergency shelter locations and road networks provided in the embodiment of the present application, representing the shapefile linear data representation obtained after data elimination and classification of the basic data.

[0063] In the data module 10 of this embodiment, the long-term fixed emergency shelter is used to provide emergency shelter and long-term shelter placement and centralized assistance to emergency refugees within the service radius, and has emergency facilities, equipment and materials that meet the requirements of emergency shelter function configuration. It is mainly suitable for earthquake disasters, geological disasters, floods, low temperature freezing and snow disasters, tsunamis, forest and grassland fires, ecological and environmental events, public health events and air raids. The short-term fixed emergency shelter is used to provide emergency shelter and short-term shelter placement and centralized assistance to emergency refugees within the service radius, and has emergency facilities, equipment and materials that meet the requirements of emergency shelter function configuration. It is mainly suitable for earthquake disasters, geological disasters, floods, typhoons, etc. Types of shelters include rainstorm disasters, low temperature freezing and snow disasters, tsunami disasters, forest and grassland fires, production safety accidents, ecological and environmental events, public health events and air raids; emergency shelters are used to provide emergency shelter to emergency refugees within the service radius, and are equipped with emergency facilities, equipment and materials that meet the basic configuration requirements of emergency shelter functions. They are also transitional places for emergency refugees to gather and transfer to other types of shelters. They are mainly suitable for earthquake disasters, geological disasters, floods, typhoons and rainstorm disasters, forest and grassland fires, production safety accidents and air raids; at the same time, route classification by road level can provide evacuees with clearer evacuation route options and reduce getting lost and delays during the evacuation process.

[0064] In one embodiment, the duration module 20 includes a correction unit, a collection unit, a matrix subunit, and a solution subunit; Among them, the correction unit is used to import the road centerline vector data in the basic data on the ArcGIS platform to build a traffic data network; The correction unit is also used to interrupt the intersection of the road centerline in the basic data through ArcGIS advanced editing tools, and to check the basic data for topological errors according to the topological rules, and to correct the topological errors through editing tools until there are no topological errors and the requirements of no hanging points and no self-intersection are met, and the road segment set L={ , ... }; Among them, the topological rule is that there is no hanging point and no self-intersection; The collection unit is used to add the field attribute of "walking time" to each road segment of the road segment set L, and the field unit is "min"; and based on the average walking speed of 60m / min, the walking time set T is calculated according to the road segment set L = { , ... }.

[0065] Among them, the solution formula for walking time in the walking time set is: in, It's walking time. is the length of the road segment in the road segment set L, is the average walking speed.

[0066] To apply the embodiment of the present application, please refer to Table 1, which is a road attribute table provided in the embodiment of the present application, indicating the walking time corresponding to roads of different lengths.

[0067] Table 1 Road attribute table The correction unit and the collection unit of this embodiment can ensure the accuracy and consistency of road network data by interrupting the intersection lines of the road center lines and correcting topological errors, which helps to eliminate network connectivity problems caused by uninterrupted intersection lines or topological errors.

[0068] The matrix subunit is used to load the long-term fixed emergency shelter facility points, short-term fixed emergency shelter facility points and emergency emergency shelter facility points as the starting point based on the walking time set T, and set the walking direction to leave the facility point, and establish a cost matrix; The solving subunit is used to solve the cost matrix based on the preset standard according to the walking time of 90 minutes, 40 minutes and 15 minutes, and obtain the service area set of various emergency shelters within walking distance. ; Among them, the solution process is expressed in mathematical logic as diverging from the facility point to the surrounding roads, summarizing the walking time required for each road section, and when the total time reaches 90min, 40min and 15min, outputting the terminal positions in each direction, and the area enclosed by the terminal positions in series in each direction is used as the analysis result; and the preset standard is "GBT 44013-2024 Classification and Classification of Emergency Shelters"; The service area is Includes the area that can be reached within 90 minutes by walking from the long-term fixed emergency shelter facilities. , The area that can be reached within 40 minutes’ walk from the short-term fixed emergency shelter facility , and includes the area that can be reached within 15 minutes’ walk from the emergency shelter facility ; And the service area area set In mathematical logic, it is expressed as: As a long-term fixed emergency shelter assembly point The union of the areas that can be reached within 90 minutes on foot, and Same reason.

[0069] Among them, for the service area set: ; ; in, The area that can be reached within 90 minutes’ walk from the permanent emergency shelter facility. Represents a long-term fixed emergency shelter location Area that can be reached within 90 minutes on foot; It is the area that can be reached within 40 minutes’ walk from the short-term fixed emergency shelter facility. To provide short-term fixed emergency shelter facilities The area that can be reached within 40 minutes’ walk from the starting point; The area that can be reached within 15 minutes’ walk from the emergency shelter facility; From emergency shelter facilities The area that can be reached within 15 minutes’ walk from the starting point; From emergency shelter facilities The area can be reached within 15 minutes’ walk.

[0070] To apply the embodiment of the present application, please refer to FIG3, which is a schematic diagram of the coverage of the service area within walking distance of various emergency shelters provided in the embodiment of the present application, showing the coverage of the service area within walking distance of various emergency shelters. .

[0071] The matrix subunit and the solution subunit of this embodiment establish a cost matrix based on detailed road network data and walking time costs, which can accurately reflect the walking accessibility from emergency shelter facilities to surrounding areas. By solving the cost matrix, the walking time set and the walking service area area set can be efficiently calculated; and the process can be calculated according to different walking times to meet the walking needs of different groups of people, which helps to ensure the comprehensiveness and accuracy of the analysis results.

[0072] In one embodiment, the superimposition module 30 includes a superimposition unit and a clipping unit; Among them, the overlay unit is used to obtain the vector shapefile surface data of the land use survey of the land change in the area to be evaluated, extract the construction land type named as the land use type, that is, the land use type of "urban land, town land and village land", and the land use code is "201, 202 and 203", and obtain the current urban and rural construction land, and the total area of ​​the current urban and rural construction land (the construction land scope of the area to be evaluated) is S; The superposition unit is also used to collect service area areas. Spatially superimpose the construction land scope S of the area to be evaluated to obtain a spatial superposition area; The clipping unit is used to obtain the land area of ​​the emergency shelter service coverage area to be evaluated by clipping out the area intersection area of ​​the spatial superposition area (the land area of ​​the current construction of various emergency shelter service coverage areas to be evaluated) .

[0073] The mathematical formula for the land area of ​​the emergency shelter service coverage area to be assessed is: in, Provide services for various emergency shelters covering the current construction area in the area to be assessed, The area that can be reached within 90 minutes’ walk from the permanent emergency shelter facility. It is the area that can be reached within 40 minutes’ walk from the short-term fixed emergency shelter facility. It is the area that can be reached within 15 minutes’ walk from the emergency shelter facility, and S is the total area of ​​existing urban and rural construction land in the area to be assessed.

[0074] To apply the embodiments of the present application, please refer to Figures 4-6; FIG4 is a schematic diagram of the current distribution of urban and rural construction land in the area to be evaluated provided in an embodiment of the present application, indicating the scope of construction land in the area to be evaluated.

[0075] FIG5 is a schematic diagram of the spatial superposition of the walkable area range of various emergency shelters and the existing construction land provided in the embodiment of the present application, showing the service area area set The spatial superposition area is obtained by spatially superimposing the construction land scope S of the area to be evaluated.

[0076] FIG6 is a schematic diagram of the land use scope of various emergency shelter service coverage status quo provided in the embodiment of the present application, indicating the land use area of ​​the emergency shelter service coverage area to be evaluated .

[0077] The superposition module 30 of this embodiment can accurately match the service area of ​​the emergency shelter with the construction land scope of the area to be evaluated through spatial superposition analysis to ensure the accuracy of the evaluation results. The construction land scope of the area to be evaluated refers to the scope of the concentrated urban construction area and the village construction area, which helps to ensure that the evaluation results can truly reflect the coverage of the emergency shelter in actual use.

[0078] In one embodiment, the assessment module 40 includes a population unit, a segmentation unit, a density unit, a ratio unit, and an assessment unit; Among them, the population unit is used to obtain the annual total population data of the city (county) where the area to be evaluated is located. , get the population of each subdivision into the street (town) administrative area ; Population units are also used to divide the population of each subdivision into street (town) administrative areas. , evenly distributed in the existing urban and rural construction land in the administrative area of ​​the street (town) , obtain the population density of each subdivision into street (town) administrative area .

[0079] The population density of administrative areas is: in, is the population density distribution data of the administrative area of ​​the dth street (town), is the population of the administrative area of ​​the dth street (town), is the area of ​​the administrative area of ​​the dth street (town), Indicates the total number of streets (towns) involved in the area to be assessed.

[0080] The population unit of this embodiment can more accurately evaluate the service capacity of emergency shelters in each administrative area by subdividing the land area into administrative areas.

[0081] Subdivision unit, used to divide land area by street (town) Subdivide the administrative regions to obtain the area covered by the emergency shelter services in each street (town) ; Density units for area-based and the population density of the administrative area in the area to be assessed Calculate the population served by each type of emergency shelter in the area to be assessed ; Proportional unit, used to calculate the number of and the total population of the area to be assessed , calculate the population proportion set that can be served by various emergency shelters in the area to be evaluated; Evaluation unit for the proportion of the population concentrated on the population ratio Conduct an assessment if <60%, the service capacity of the emergency shelter in the area is unqualified; if 60%≤ <80%, the emergency shelter service capacity in the area is good; if 80%≤ The service capacity of emergency shelters in this area is excellent; the proportion of the population that has visited various emergency shelters , and obtain the evaluation results of the service capacity of various emergency shelters in the area to be evaluated.

[0082] The solution formula for the regional area is: The population is: The population ratio is: in, The total area of ​​existing construction land in the area to be assessed for various emergency shelter services. The service coverage area of ​​the emergency shelter in the dth street (town) is: Indicates the total number of streets (towns) involved in the area to be assessed; The number of people served by various emergency shelters in the area to be assessed, is the population density distribution data of the administrative area of ​​the dth street (town), is the population of the administrative area of ​​the dth street (town), is the area of ​​the administrative area of ​​the dth subdistrict (town); The proportion of the population that can be served by emergency shelters, is the total population of the area to be assessed.

[0083] In this embodiment, the subdivision unit, density unit, proportion unit and evaluation unit calculate the number of people within the service range of various emergency shelters based on the population density of the administrative area. This calculation method takes into account the differences in population distribution, making the evaluation results more targeted.

[0084] To apply the embodiment of the present application, please refer to Figure 7, which is a flow chart of emergency shelter service capacity assessment provided by the embodiment of the present application, and represents the general process of assessing the service capacity of emergency shelters in the second embodiment of the present application.

[0085] Overall, this embodiment has the following beneficial effects: In this application, since walking accessibility is directly related to whether people can quickly reach the shelter in an emergency, the actual service scope and service capacity of the emergency shelter can be more accurately evaluated by calculating the walking time. Through spatial superposition, it can be intuitively displayed which areas have been effectively covered by services and which areas may have service blind spots or insufficient service capacity. The proportion of the population that can be served by various emergency shelters is calculated based on the population density and land area of ​​the area to be evaluated. This method fully considers the differences in population distribution; due to the different population densities in different areas, the service needs for emergency shelters are also different. By considering population density, the service capacity of emergency shelters can be more reasonably evaluated; and this method avoids the problem of directly allocating population data to non-construction land, which will result in low population density data, so that the evaluation results of the service capacity of emergency shelters are adapted to the actual population distribution.

[0086] Embodiment three: The embodiment of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, the computer-readable storage medium includes a stored computer program, wherein when the computer program is executed, the device where the computer-readable storage medium is located is controlled to execute the method for evaluating the service capacity of an emergency shelter; Wherein, if the method for evaluating the service capacity of an emergency shelter is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on such an understanding, the present invention implements all or part of the processes in the above-mentioned embodiment method, and can also be completed by instructing the relevant hardware through a computer program. The computer program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and when the computer program is executed by the processor, the steps of the above-mentioned method embodiments can be implemented. Wherein, the computer program includes computer program code, and the computer program code can be in source code form, object code form, executable file or some intermediate form, etc. The computer-readable medium can include: any entity or device capable of carrying the computer program code, recording medium, U disk, mobile hard disk, magnetic disk, optical disk, computer memory, read-only memory (ROM, Read-Only Memory), random access memory (RAM, Random Access Memory), electric carrier signal, telecommunication signal and software distribution medium, etc.

[0087] The above are preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be pointed out that, for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications are also considered to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for evaluating the service capacity of an emergency shelter, characterized in that: include: Obtain basic data on various emergency shelters and roads in the area to be assessed; Based on the basic data, a service area set within walking distance of each type of emergency shelter is calculated according to the walking time to each type of emergency shelter; The service area set and the construction land scope of the area to be evaluated are spatially superimposed to obtain the land area of ​​the area to be evaluated covered by the emergency shelter service; The proportion of the population that can be served by various emergency shelters in the area to be evaluated is calculated according to the population density of the area to be evaluated and the land area, and the evaluation results of various emergency shelters in the area to be evaluated are obtained.

2. The method for evaluating the service capacity of an emergency shelter as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: Based on the basic data, the service area set within walking distance of each type of emergency shelter is calculated according to the walking time to each type of emergency shelter, specifically: Intersecting lines of road centerlines in the basic data are interrupted, and topological errors of the basic data are corrected to obtain a road segment set; According to a preset walking speed, a walking time set is calculated based on the road segment set; A cost matrix is ​​established based on the walking time set and solved to obtain the service area set within which the various emergency shelters are reachable on foot.

3. The method for evaluating the service capacity of an emergency shelter as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: A cost matrix is ​​established and solved based on the walking time set to obtain the service area set of the various emergency shelters that can be reached by walking, specifically: Based on the walking time set, in a preset network analysis tool, the cost matrix is ​​established by loading long-term fixed emergency shelter facility points, short-term fixed emergency shelter facility points and emergency emergency shelter facility points as starting points and setting the walking direction to leave the facility point; By defining walking time as a cost attribute and solving the cost matrix, the service area set within which the various emergency shelters are reachable on foot is obtained.

4. The method for evaluating the service capacity of an emergency shelter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The service area set and the construction land scope of the area to be evaluated are spatially superimposed to obtain the land area of ​​the area to be evaluated covered by the emergency shelter service, specifically: The service area area set and the construction land scope of the area to be evaluated are spatially superimposed to obtain a spatial superposition area; wherein the construction land scope of the area to be evaluated refers to the scope of the concentrated urban construction area and the village construction area; The land area of ​​the emergency shelter service coverage area to be evaluated is obtained by cutting out the area of ​​intersection of the spatial overlapping areas.

5. The method for evaluating the service capacity of an emergency shelter as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The proportion of the population that can be served by various emergency shelters in the area to be evaluated is calculated based on the population density of the area to be evaluated and the land area, and the evaluation results of various emergency shelters in the area to be evaluated are obtained, specifically: Subdividing the land area into administrative regions to obtain the area covered by the minimum unit emergency shelter service; Based on the area of ​​the region and the population density of the administrative area in the area to be assessed, the number of people served by the coverage of various emergency shelters in the area to be assessed is calculated; Calculate the proportion of the population that can be served by various emergency shelters in the area to be assessed based on the population size and the total population of the area to be assessed; The population ratio is evaluated to obtain the evaluation results on the service capacity of various emergency shelters in the area to be evaluated.

6. The method for evaluating the service capacity of an emergency shelter according to claim 1, characterized in that: After obtaining the basic data of various emergency shelters and roads in the area to be evaluated, it also includes: Classify the emergency shelters in the basic data according to their size and functional positioning to obtain first basic data including long-term fixed emergency shelters, short-term fixed emergency shelters and emergency emergency shelters; Based on the basic data, sections of roads that are not suitable for walking are eliminated, and routes are classified according to road levels to obtain second basic data including a number of emergency shelters and road types; The first basic data and the second basic data constitute final basic data.

7. An evaluation device for the service capacity of an emergency shelter, characterized in that: It includes data module, duration module, overlay module and evaluation module; The data module is used to obtain basic data of various emergency shelters and roads in the area to be evaluated; The duration module is used to calculate the service area set within walking distance of each type of emergency shelter based on the basic data according to the walking time to each type of emergency shelter; The superposition module is used to spatially superimpose the service area area set and the construction land scope of the area to be evaluated to obtain the land area of ​​the emergency shelter service coverage area to be evaluated; The evaluation module is used to calculate the proportion of the population that can be served by various emergency shelters in the area to be evaluated according to the population density of the area to be evaluated and the land area, and obtain the evaluation results of various emergency shelters in the area to be evaluated.

8. The device for evaluating the service capacity of an emergency shelter as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: The duration module includes a correction unit, a collection unit and a matrix unit; The correction unit is used to interrupt the intersection lines of the road center lines in the basic data and perform topological error correction on the basic data to obtain a road segment set; The collection unit is used to calculate the walking time set according to the road segment set according to the preset walking speed; The matrix unit is used to establish and solve a cost matrix based on the walking time set to obtain the service area set that is reachable by walking to each type of emergency shelter.

9. The device for evaluating the service capacity of an emergency shelter as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that: The matrix unit includes a matrix subunit and a solution subunit; The matrix subunit is used to establish the cost matrix based on the walking time set in a preset network analysis tool by loading long-term fixed emergency shelter facility points, short-term fixed emergency shelter facility points and emergency emergency shelter facility points as starting points and setting the walking direction to leave the facility point; The solving subunit is used to solve the cost matrix by defining walking time as a cost attribute, so as to obtain the service area set that is reachable by walking to each type of emergency shelter.

10. A storage medium, characterized in that: The storage medium stores a computer program, which is called and executed by a computer to implement a method for evaluating the service capacity of an emergency shelter as described in any one of claims 1 to 6 above.

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