Ocean energy collector

Abstract

The invention discloses an ocean energy collector, and belongs to the technical field of ocean energy collection. Comprising an outer spherical shell, an inner hemispherical shell, a spherical hinge connecting piece and a first friction power generation structure; a vertical rod is arranged on the upper portion in the outer spherical shell, a spherical hinge connecting piece is arranged at the lower end of the vertical rod, a connecting rod is arranged in the inner hemispherical shell, the upper end of the connecting rod is connected with the vertical rod through the spherical hinge connecting piece, and the sphere center of the inner hemispherical shell, the sphere center of the outer spherical shell and the rotating sphere center of the spherical hinge connecting piece coincide. The first friction power generation structure comprises a first electric friction thin film layer and two first electrode layers, the first electric friction thin film layer is attached to the outer spherical surface of the inner hemispherical shell, the first electrode layers are hemispherical, the two first electrode layers are attached to the inner wall of the outer spherical shell, and the two first electrode layers are arranged in a separated mode; and a gap is formed between the first electric friction film layer and the first electrode layer. The technical problems that a traditional ocean energy collector cannot fully collect energy under waves moving irregularly, and a friction layer is prone to abrasion are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of ocean energy collection, in particular to an ocean energy collector. Background Art

[0002] The use of fossil fuels has caused serious harm to the environment and climate, and sustainable energy technology is the focus of current attention. Ocean waves are one of the most suitable clean and renewable energy sources for large-scale applications, with the advantages of abundant reserves and low dependence on surrounding environmental conditions. However, due to technical limitations, it is extremely challenging to obtain this irregularly moving, "random" and mostly ultra-low frequency energy. Therefore, this energy has not been developed on a large scale. The movement of ocean waves has irregular directions and low frequency characteristics, and the internal mechanism of existing energy harvesters has a single movement direction, which makes it difficult to apply to wave energy generation. Therefore, developing a non-directional and efficient wave energy harvesting technology is one of the key technical problems that need to be solved at present.

[0003] Triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) is a promising technology that converts environmental mechanical energy into electrical energy by coupling friction charging and electrostatic induction. It has the advantages of flexible structural design and outstanding low-frequency performance. Due to its unique mechanism, TENG has higher energy conversion efficiency at low frequencies than EMG. So far, multiple research teams have designed various TENG energy harvesting devices to harvest wave energy, demonstrating the potential for large-scale harvesting of ocean wave energy. However, most current wave energy TENGs have the following problems: 1) Due to structural design problems, the relative motion between their friction layers is constrained. Therefore, most TENGs harvest wave energy in a single direction and cannot fully harvest energy under irregularly moving waves, resulting in low average output performance, which greatly reduces its energy conversion efficiency; 2) Based on the contact-based electrification mode, this will inevitably cause wear of the friction layer, resulting in poor durability and affecting output performance. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an ocean energy collector to solve the technical problems that traditional ocean energy collectors cannot fully collect energy under irregular moving waves and the friction layer is easily worn.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0006] A marine energy collector comprises an outer spherical shell, an inner hemispherical shell, a ball-joint connector and a first friction power generation structure; a vertical rod is arranged at the upper part of the outer spherical shell, the ball-joint connector is installed at the lower end of the vertical rod, a connecting rod is arranged in the inner hemispherical shell, the upper end of the connecting rod is connected to the vertical rod through the ball-joint connector, the center of the inner hemispherical shell, the center of the outer spherical shell and the rotating center of the ball-joint connector coincide with each other; the first friction power generation structure comprises a first electric friction film layer and two first electrode layers, the first electric friction film layer is attached to the outer spherical surface of the inner hemispherical shell, the first electrode layers are both hemispherical, two first electrode layers are attached to the inner wall of the outer spherical shell, and the two first electrode layers are arranged with a gap between them, and a gap is arranged between the first electric friction film layer and the first electrode layer.

[0007] Furthermore, the gap thickness between the first electric friction film layer and the first electrode layer is 0.2-0.4 mm.

[0008] Furthermore, it also includes a rotating part and a second friction power generation structure, wherein the rotating part is rotatably mounted on the connecting rod; the second friction power generation structure includes a second electrode layer and two second electric friction film layers, the second electrode layer is hemispherical, the second electrode layer is mounted at the lower part of the rotating part, and the center of the second electrode layer coincides with the center of the inner hemispherical shell; the two second electric friction film layers are attached to the inner wall of the inner hemispherical shell, and the two second electric friction film layers are spaced apart, and a gap is set between the second electrode layer and the second electric friction film layer.

[0009] Furthermore, the gap thickness between the second electric friction film layer and the second electrode layer is 0.2-0.4 mm.

[0010] Furthermore, the first electric friction film layer and the second electric friction film layer are both made of PTFE material; the first electrode layer, the second electrode layer and the inner hemispherical shell are made of copper material.

[0011] Furthermore, a plurality of weight-reducing holes are arranged on the rotating member, and the weight-reducing holes are arranged unevenly.

[0012] Furthermore, it also includes an electromagnetic power generation structure, which includes a shell, a plurality of magnets and a fixed iron core. The shell is rotatably mounted on the connecting rod, and a plurality of magnets are evenly and alternately arranged on the inner wall of the shell. The fixed iron core is mounted on the connecting rod, and a coil is wound around the fixed iron core.

[0013] Furthermore, a columnar spring sheet is provided on the upper portion of the vertical rod, and when the inner hemispherical shell swings to the upper limit position, the outer edge of the inner hemispherical shell can be connected to the columnar spring sheet.

[0014] Furthermore, the outer spherical shell includes an upper hemisphere and a lower hemisphere, and the upper hemisphere and the lower hemisphere are butt-jointed to form a closed structure.

[0015] Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] 1. The present invention uses a ball-joint connector to allow the outer spherical shell and the inner hemispherical shell to move relative to each other without directional constraints; the first electrode layer on the inner wall of the outer spherical shell and the first electric friction film layer on the outer wall of the inner hemispherical shell can also be free from directional constraints. The two first electrode layers form the positive and negative electrode ends of the generator structure, which can collect wave energy from all directions. A small gap is provided between the first electrode layer and the first electric friction film layer, so that the two will not directly rub and wear when they move relative to each other. Based on the above, the present invention greatly improves the energy conversion efficiency, and the friction power generation form adopts a non-contact electrification method, which avoids the wear between the friction layers and ensures the durability of the device; the present invention solves the technical problems that traditional ocean energy collectors cannot fully collect energy under irregularly moving waves and the friction layer is easy to wear. The device can be integrated into an array, providing a feasible strategy for large-scale wave energy collection research.

[0017] 2. The present invention is provided with a second friction power generation structure. The second electrode layer and the inner hemispherical shell can form the positive and negative electrode ends of the generator structure. When the second electrode layer and the two second electric friction film layers rotate relative to each other, rotational power generation is achieved. Combined with the power generation form of the first friction power generation structure, the energy conversion efficiency can be further improved.

[0018] 3. The present invention is also provided with an electromagnetic power generation structure, which can further cooperate with the electric friction power generation structure to achieve compound power generation and further improve the energy conversion efficiency. By providing a cylindrical spring sheet, when the device moves violently, the outer edge of the inner hemispherical shell can collide with the cylindrical spring sheet to reduce the collision of the structure; on the other hand, the inner hemispherical shell can rebound to generate friction power again, further improving the energy conversion efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 It is the internal structure diagram of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 4 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the first friction power generation structure and the second friction power generation structure of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 5 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the electromagnetic power generation structure of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of charge transfer principle of the friction generator of the present invention.

[0025] In the accompanying drawings, 1-outer spherical shell, 2-inner hemispherical shell, 3-ball hinge connector, 4-first friction power generation structure, 5-rotating part, 6-second friction power generation structure, 7-electromagnetic power generation structure, 8-cylindrical spring sheet, 11-upper hemisphere, 12-lower hemisphere, 13-vertical rod, 21-connecting rod, 41-first electric friction film layer, 42-first electrode layer, 43-upper electrode layer, 44-lower electrode layer, 51-weight reduction hole, 61-second electrode layer, 62-second electric friction film layer, 71-shell, 72-magnet, 73-fixed iron core. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The specific implementation of the invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0027] In the description of the present invention, it is necessary to understand that the terms "center", "length", "width", "up", "down", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0028] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0029] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may include that the first and second features are in direct contact, or may include that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact through another feature between them. Moreover, a first feature being "above", "above" and "above" a second feature includes that the first feature is directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below", "below" and "below" a second feature includes that the first feature is directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0030] See also Figures 1 to 5, an ocean energy collector, comprising an outer spherical shell 1, an inner hemispherical shell 2, a ball joint connector 3 and a first friction power generation structure 4; a vertical rod 13 is arranged at the upper part of the outer spherical shell 1, and the ball joint connector 3 is installed at the lower end of the vertical rod 13; a connecting rod 21 is arranged in the inner hemispherical shell 2, and the upper end of the connecting rod 21 is connected to the vertical rod 13 through the ball joint connector 3, and the spherical center of the inner hemispherical shell 2, the spherical center of the outer spherical shell 1 and the rotating spherical center of the ball joint connector 3 coincide; the first friction power generation structure 4 comprises a first electric friction film layer 41 and two first electrode layers 42, the first electric friction film layer 41 is attached to the outer spherical surface of the inner hemispherical shell 2, the first electrode layers 42 are all hemispherical, the two first electrode layers 42 are attached to the inner wall of the outer spherical shell 1, and the two first electrode layers 42 are separated, and a gap is set between the first electric friction film layer 41 and the first electrode layer 42. In this embodiment, the gap thickness between the first electric friction film layer 41 and the first electrode layer 42 is 0.3mm. By using the ball joint connector 3, the outer spherical shell 1 and the inner hemispherical shell 2 can move relative to each other without direction constraints; the first electrode layer 42 on the inner wall of the outer spherical shell 1 and the first electric friction film layer 41 on the outer hemispherical shell 2 can also be free from direction constraints. The two first electrode layers 42 form the positive and negative electrode ends of the generator structure, which can collect wave energy from all directions. A small gap is set between the first electrode layer 42 and the first electric friction film layer 41, so that the two will not directly rub and wear when they move relative to each other.

[0031] In this embodiment, a rotating member 5 and a second friction power generation structure 6 are also included. The rotating member 5 is rotatably mounted on the connecting rod 21; the second friction power generation structure 6 includes a second electrode layer 61 and two second electric friction film layers 62. The second electrode layer 61 is hemispherical and is mounted at the lower part of the rotating member 5. The center of the second electrode layer 61 coincides with the center of the inner hemispherical shell 2; the two second electric friction film layers 62 are attached to the inner wall of the inner hemispherical shell 2, and the two second electric friction film layers 62 are separated and arranged, and a gap is provided between the second electrode layer 61 and the second electric friction film layer 62. Specifically, the gap thickness between the second electric friction film layer 62 and the second electrode layer 61 is 0.2-0.4mm. The lower periphery of the rotating member 5 is approximately half of a hemispherical shell, and the second electrode layer 61 is a quarter of a spherical shell. The second electrode layer 61 is attached to the lower periphery of the rotating member 5. Similarly, the second electrode layer 61 and the second friction power generation structure 6 are non-contact structures and are not prone to wear; the second electrode layer 61 and the inner hemispherical shell 2 can form the positive and negative electrode ends of the generator structure. When the second electrode layer 61 and the two second electric friction film layers 62 rotate relative to each other, rotational power generation is achieved. Combined with the power generation form of the first friction power generation structure 4, the energy conversion efficiency can be further improved.

[0032] In this embodiment, the first electric friction film layer 41 and the second electric friction film layer 62 are both made of PTFE material; the first electrode layer 42, the second electrode layer 61 and the inner hemispherical shell 2 are made of copper material.

[0033] In this embodiment, the rotating member 5 is provided with a plurality of weight-reducing holes 51, which are arranged unevenly. The rotating member 5 is made of insulating material, and the weight-reducing holes 51 are arranged unevenly so that the mass of the rotating member 5 is unevenly distributed, which facilitates the rotation around the connecting rod 21.

[0034] In this embodiment, an electromagnetic power generation structure 7 is also included. The electromagnetic power generation structure 7 includes a shell 71, a plurality of magnets 72 and a fixed iron core 73. The shell 71 is rotatably mounted on the connecting rod 21. A plurality of magnets 72 are evenly arranged on the inner wall of the shell 71. The fixed iron core 73 is mounted on the connecting rod 21, and a coil (not shown) is wound around the fixed iron core 73. Specifically, the shell 71 is fixed in the rotating member 5 and moves with the rotating member 5. By providing the electromagnetic power generation structure 7, it can be further coordinated with the electric friction power generation structure to achieve compound power generation and further improve the energy conversion efficiency.

[0035] In this embodiment, a cylindrical spring sheet 8 is provided on the upper part of the vertical rod 13, and when the inner hemispherical shell 2 swings to the upper limit position, the outer edge of the inner hemispherical shell 2 can be connected with the cylindrical spring sheet 8. By providing the cylindrical spring sheet 8, when the device moves violently, the outer edge of the inner hemispherical shell 2 can collide with the cylindrical spring sheet 8, thereby reducing the collision of the structure; on the other hand, the kinetic energy of the collision is converted into elastic potential energy, which can rebound the inner hemispherical shell 2 and generate friction power again, further improving the energy conversion efficiency.

[0036] In this embodiment, the outer spherical shell 1 includes an upper hemisphere 11 and a lower hemisphere 12, and the upper hemisphere 11 and the lower hemisphere 12 are connected to form a closed structure. The outer spherical shell 1 is made of acrylic material, the first electrode layer 42 located on the upper hemisphere 11 is the upper electrode layer 43, and the first electrode layer 42 located on the lower hemisphere 12 is the lower electrode layer 44.

[0037] See also Figure 6 , which is a schematic diagram of the charge transfer principle between the friction layers in the first friction power generation structure 4. When the first friction film layer 41 moves relative to the upper electrode layer 43 and the lower electrode layer 44, these two materials with different electronegativity will generate induced charges on the material surface due to the electrostatic induction mechanism. Based on the friction electric sequence, electrons will be transferred from the surface of the upper electrode layer 43 and the lower electrode layer 44 to the surface of the negative first friction film layer 41. When the relative contact areas of the upper electrode layer 43 and the lower electrode layer 44 and the negative first friction film layer 41 are equal, the induced charges generated by the two electrodes are also equal. In this state, the friction nanogenerator is in an electrostatic equilibrium state, and there is no electron flow in the external circuit ( Figure 6-A); when the relative contact area of ​​the upper electrode layer 43 is smaller than the relative contact area of ​​the lower electrode layer 44, the amount of positive charge generated on the two electrode surfaces is different, and the current will flow from the upper electrode layer 43 to the lower electrode layer 44, thereby generating an external voltage ( Figure 6 -B); when the positive charge is transferred to a certain extent, it will be saturated, and there will be no current in the external circuit ( Figure 6 -C); Similarly, when the relative contact area of ​​the upper electrode layer 43 is greater than the relative contact area of ​​the lower electrode layer 44, the current will flow from the lower electrode layer 44 to the upper electrode layer 43 ( Figure 6 -D). As the device is running, this process will be repeated continuously. The second friction power generation structure 6 has the same principle and will not be described in detail in this application. In addition, it should be noted that the technology for converting current into battery power is an existing mature technology, and the specific settings for converting the generated current into electrical energy in the electromagnetic power generation structure 7 and the friction power generation structure will not be described in detail in this application.

[0038] The above description is a detailed description of the preferred feasible embodiments of the present invention, but the embodiments are not intended to limit the scope of the patent application of the present invention. All equivalent changes or modified changes completed under the technical spirit suggested by the present invention should fall within the patent scope covered by the present invention.

Claims

1. An ocean energy collector, characterized in that: It includes an outer spherical shell, an inner hemispherical shell, a ball-joint connector and a first friction power generation structure; a vertical rod is arranged on the upper part of the outer spherical shell, the ball-joint connector is installed on the lower end of the vertical rod, a connecting rod is arranged in the inner hemispherical shell, the upper end of the connecting rod is connected to the vertical rod through the ball-joint connector, the center of the inner hemispherical shell, the center of the outer spherical shell and the rotating center of the ball-joint connector coincide with each other; the first friction power generation structure includes a first electric friction film layer and two first electrode layers, the first electric friction film layer is attached to the outer spherical surface of the inner hemispherical shell, the first electrode layers are all hemispherical, two first electrode layers are attached to the inner wall of the outer spherical shell, and the two first electrode layers are separated, and a gap is arranged between the first electric friction film layer and the first electrode layer.

2. The ocean energy collector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the gap between the first electric friction film layer and the first electrode layer is 0.2-0.4 mm.

3. The ocean energy collector according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a rotating part and a second friction power generation structure, wherein the rotating part is rotatably mounted on the connecting rod; the second friction power generation structure includes a second electrode layer and two second electric friction film layers, the second electrode layer is hemispherical, the second electrode layer is mounted at the lower part of the rotating part, and the center of the second electrode layer coincides with the center of the inner hemispherical shell; the two second electric friction film layers are attached to the inner wall of the inner hemispherical shell, and the two second electric friction film layers are spaced apart, and a gap is set between the second electrode layer and the second electric friction film layer.

4. The ocean energy collector according to claim 3, characterized in that: The thickness of the gap between the second electric friction film layer and the second electrode layer is 0.2-0.4 mm.

5. The ocean energy collector according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first electric friction film layer and the second electric friction film layer are both made of PTFE material; the first electrode layer, the second electrode layer and the inner hemispherical shell are made of copper material.

6. The ocean energy collector according to claim 3, characterized in that: The rotating member is provided with a plurality of weight-reducing holes, and the weight-reducing holes are arranged unevenly.

7. The ocean energy collector according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes an electromagnetic power generation structure, which includes a shell, a plurality of magnets and a fixed iron core. The shell is rotatably mounted on the connecting rod, and a plurality of magnets are evenly and alternately arranged on the inner wall of the shell. The fixed iron core is mounted on the connecting rod, and a coil is wound around the fixed iron core.

8. The ocean energy collector according to claim 1, characterized in that: A columnar spring sheet is arranged on the upper part of the vertical rod, and when the inner hemispherical shell swings to the upper limit position, the outer edge of the inner hemispherical shell can be connected with the columnar spring sheet.

9. The ocean energy collector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer spherical shell comprises an upper hemisphere and a lower hemisphere, and the upper hemisphere and the lower hemisphere are butt-jointed to form a closed structure.

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