Double-sided cooling type battery module and heat sink included therein

Abstract

The battery module according to the present invention may comprise: a plurality of battery cell assemblies, the plurality of battery cell assemblies comprising a plurality of battery cells; the battery pack includes a plurality of battery cell assemblies, and a heat sink interposed between adjacent battery cell assemblies among the plurality of battery cell assemblies, in which a plurality of refrigerant passage portions in which a refrigerant flows are fitted, and which has two surfaces facing the battery cell assemblies formed as a plane.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a double-sided cooling type battery module and a heat sink included therein, and more particularly, the present disclosure relates to a double-sided cooling type battery module and a heat sink included therein that are capable of double-sided cooling to minimize the temperature difference and thermal resistance difference between battery cells and facilitate effective cooling control, thereby ensuring effective cooling performance.

[0002] This application claims priority to Korean Patent Application No. 10-2022-0178569 filed in Korea on December 19, 2022, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference.

[0003] This application claims priority to Korean Patent Application No. 10-2023-0112325 filed in Korea on August 25, 2023, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference. Background Art

[0004] Unlike primary batteries that cannot be reused after use, semi-permanent batteries that convert electrical energy into chemical energy and can be repeatedly charged and discharged are called secondary batteries.

[0005] Specifically, lithium-ion secondary batteries have advantages such as high energy storage density, light weight and miniaturization, excellent safety, low discharge rate and long life, so they are now widely used as electric vehicle batteries. For reference, lithium-ion secondary batteries are generally classified into cylindrical, prismatic and pouch types according to their manufacturing type, and their use ranges from electric vehicle batteries to ESS (energy storage system) batteries and other electrical devices.

[0006] At present, the operating voltage of a lithium-ion secondary battery cell is approximately 2.5V to 4.5V. Therefore, in order to use the secondary battery as an energy source for an electric vehicle, a plurality of lithium-ion secondary battery cells can be connected in series and / or in parallel to make a battery module. Then, a single battery module can be used, or two or more battery modules can be electrically connected in series and / or in parallel to make a battery pack as a higher-level device, etc. Here, the battery module and the battery pack can be used interchangeably.

[0007] In addition, since secondary batteries involve chemical reactions during charging and discharging, their performance may deteriorate when used at a temperature higher than the appropriate temperature, and thermal control that fails to reach the appropriate temperature may cause accidental fire or explosion. In addition, since a battery pack, which is a collection of secondary batteries, has a structure in which the secondary batteries are densely stored inside a battery pack case, it may be susceptible to thermal events.

[0008] Therefore, cooling performance is the most important for the battery module. Specifically, cooling performance is very important for ensuring safety while stably performing the overall functions of the battery module such as charging / discharging, regenerative braking, etc.

[0009] Typical methods for cooling lithium-ion secondary battery cells in battery modules may include air cooling using a cooling plate or water cooling using a radiator. Here, the water cooling structure may be designed to configure a closed coolant path for the coolant flow. In addition, most paths require a physical space for forming the coolant flow, so one side of the cooling structure is usually designed and manufactured as a non-planar structure with a protruding portion or an uneven shape on the plate surface. Therefore, only one side of the cooling structure may be planar, and the other side may have a non-planar shape.

[0010] However, in such a cooling structure in which only one side has a planar shape, if the non-planar side is used as a cooling surface, a temperature difference may occur due to the non-contact portion. Specifically, in the case of a battery module configured as a cylindrical battery cell, which is widely used today, the bottom of each battery cell can be cooled. At this time, since the bottom area of ​​each battery cell is not large, if cooling is performed on the non-planar side, there may be a portion that is not in contact with the battery cell. In addition, this can cause a difference in thermal resistance, thereby increasing the temperature difference between the battery cells. In this way, if the cooling performance deteriorates, it is difficult to control the cooling system and it is disadvantageous for energy efficiency. In addition, since the conventional cooling structure uses only one side as a cooling surface, it is disadvantageous for integration and energy density, and the manufacturing cost of the module is also increased. Summary of the invention

[0011] Technical issues

[0012] The present disclosure is designed to solve the problems of the related art, and thus the present disclosure is directed to providing a double-sided cooling type battery module capable of double-sided cooling to minimize the temperature difference and thermal resistance difference between battery cells and facilitate effective cooling control, thereby ensuring efficient cooling performance.

[0013] In addition, the present disclosure also provides a double-sided cooling type battery module that can significantly reduce the number of heat sinks required for the battery module by utilizing double-sided cooling (which is beneficial for energy density and can reduce the manufacturing cost of the module).

[0014] In addition, the present disclosure also provides a heat sink that can enhance cooling performance by utilizing a plurality of cooling medium channels and can improve a cooling medium distribution ratio and heat transfer efficiency specifically by adjusting the specifications and shapes of main channels.

[0015] The technical problems that the present disclosure seeks to solve are not limited to the problems mentioned above, and other problems not mentioned above will be clearly understood by those skilled in the art through the description of the present invention described below.

[0016] Technical Solution

[0017] According to one aspect of the present disclosure, a battery module is provided, which includes: a plurality of battery cell assemblies, the plurality of battery cell assemblies including a plurality of battery cells; and a heat sink, the heat sink being arranged between adjacent battery cell assemblies among the plurality of battery cell assemblies and having a plurality of cooling medium channels for a cooling medium to flow through and two surfaces configured in a planar shape to contact the surfaces of the battery cell assemblies.

[0018] The battery module may also include a plurality of frame portions configured to accommodate corresponding battery cell assemblies, wherein, relative to the heat sink arranged in a horizontal direction, one frame portion may be arranged on an upper surface of the heat sink to contact its surface, and another frame portion may be invertedly arranged on a lower surface of the heat sink to contact the lower surface of the heat sink.

[0019] The heat sink may include: a pair of cooling plates which are spaced a predetermined distance apart from each other and have a circulation space formed therein to allow the cooling medium to flow therein; and a port portion which is disposed on one side of the cooling plates to allow the cooling medium to flow in or out through the port portion.

[0020] The plurality of cooling medium channels may be disposed in the circulation space to form a circulation path for the cooling medium.

[0021] The uppermost and lowermost surfaces of the pair of cooling plates may be configured to be flat.

[0022] Through the port portion, the cooling medium can flow in with one cooling plate of the pair of cooling plates and flow out with the other cooling plate.

[0023] The pair of cooling plates may include: a first plate; and a second plate, the second plate being arranged above the first plate to be separated from the first plate by the thickness of the circulation space, and the port portion may include: an inlet connected to the first plate and communicating with the circulation space; and an outlet connected to the second plate and communicating with the circulation space.

[0024] The circulation space may include: a first circulation space, in which the cooling medium introduced through the inlet flows in a first direction, the first direction being a longitudinal direction of the cooling plate; a second circulation space, in which the cooling medium flows in a second direction opposite to the first direction and is discharged through the outlet; and a transition space, which is formed on opposite sides of the port portion and connects the first circulation space and the second circulation space to each other.

[0025] The cooling medium channel may include: a passage channel provided in a longitudinal direction of the cooling plate at a center of the circulation space; and a main channel provided in the first circulation space and the second circulation space.

[0026] The passage may separate the first flow space and the second flow space from each other.

[0027] The passage may include one end disposed adjacent to the port portion and the other end extending to the transition space, and the passage transfers a portion of the cooling medium introduced through the inlet to the transition space.

[0028] The passage and the main passage may be configured such that the longitudinal cross section is an uneven shape to have a convex section and a concave section such that the convex section contacts the inner wall surface of the second plate and the concave section contacts the inner wall surface of the first plate.

[0029] A cutout portion may be formed on the convex section of the passage to allow the cooling medium to flow into the concave section.

[0030] The uneven shape may be sequentially and repeatedly formed in the main channel.

[0031] The cooling medium channel may further include a sub-channel, the sub-channel being disposed in the first flow space, the second flow space, or the transition space and the sub-channel being disposed at a position where the passage channel and the main channel are not disposed.

[0032] The sub-channel may include: a recessed plate, which is arranged to contact the first plate surface; a protruding plate, which protrudes from the recessed plate in the thickness direction of the cooling plate and is arranged to contact the second plate surface; and a curved surface, which connects the recessed plate and the protruding plate to each other, and wherein a through hole is formed on the curved surface.

[0033] In another embodiment, the main channel may include: a substrate, which is in contact with the first plate surface; a protrusion, which protrudes from the substrate and has a circular lateral cross-section; and a connecting surface portion, which is configured to connect the substrate and the protrusion to each other, and wherein a pair of through holes in an arc shape are formed on the connecting surface portion.

[0034] In another embodiment, the cooling medium channel may include: a pass channel, which is arranged in the longitudinal direction of the cooling plate at the center of the circulation space; and a main channel, which is arranged in the first circulation space, the second circulation space and the transition space, and wherein the main channel may include: a substrate, which is in contact with the first plate surface; and a plurality of protruding members, which are arranged on the substrate and have an "n"-shaped longitudinal cross-section.

[0035] In addition, according to the present disclosure, a battery pack including one or more of the above-mentioned battery modules may be provided.

[0036] In addition, according to the present disclosure, a vehicle including one or more of the above-described battery packs may be provided.

[0037] Beneficial Effects

[0038] According to an aspect of the present disclosure, since both surfaces of the heat sink are configured in a planar shape to enable double-sided cooling, the temperature difference and thermal resistance difference between battery cells can be minimized and cooling control can be effectively performed, thereby ensuring efficient cooling performance.

[0039] In addition, since the number of heat sinks required for the battery module can be significantly reduced by utilizing double-sided cooling, it is beneficial for energy density and can reduce the manufacturing cost of the module.

[0040] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, cooling performance may be improved by utilizing a plurality of cooling medium channels, and specifically, heat transfer efficiency may be improved by adjusting the arrangement of the passage channels and the specifications and shapes of the main channels.

[0041] Effects of the present disclosure are not limited to the above-mentioned effects, and those skilled in the art to which the present disclosure pertains can clearly understand unmentioned effects from the present specification and the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0042] The accompanying drawings illustrate preferred embodiments of the present disclosure and, together with the detailed description of the present invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the technical concept of the present disclosure. Therefore, the present disclosure shall not be construed as being limited to the accompanying drawings.

[0043] Figure 1is an assembled perspective view of a battery module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0044] Figure 2 is an exploded perspective view of a battery module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0045] Figure 3 is a perspective view of a heat sink of a battery module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0046] Figure 4 is an exploded perspective view of a heat sink of a battery module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0047] Figure 5 It is along Figure 3 A cross-sectional view taken along line AA' in FIG.

[0048] Figure 6 It is along Figure 3 A cross-sectional view taken along line BB' in FIG.

[0049] Figure 7 is a side view of a battery module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0050] Figure 8 yes Figure 7 A partial enlarged view of .

[0051] Fig. 9 is a diagram illustrating a battery module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0052] Fig.10 is a partial cross-sectional view of a battery module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0053] Fig.11 is a plan view of removing a top plate from a heat sink of a battery module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0054] Fig.12 is a partial perspective view illustrating a portion adjacent to a port portion in a radiator of a battery module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0055] Fig.13 is a partial perspective view illustrating a portion adjacent to a transition space in a heat sink of a battery module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0056] Fig.14 and Fig.15 yes Figure 5 A partial enlarged view of .

[0057] Fig.16 are a plan view and a cross-sectional view of a sub-channel in a heat sink of a battery module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0058] Fig.17 and Fig.18 is a diagram schematically illustrating the flow of a cooling medium introduced through an inlet of a radiator of a battery module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0059] Fig.19 and Fig. 20 is a diagram illustrating a main channel of a battery module according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0060] Fig.21 and Fig. 22 is a diagram illustrating a main channel of a battery module according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0061] Fig.23 is a diagram of a vehicle including a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0062] Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Before the description is made, it should be understood that the terms used in the specification and the appended claims should not be interpreted as limited to the general meaning and dictionary meaning, but are interpreted based on the meaning and concept corresponding to the technical aspects of the present disclosure on the basis of the principle that allows the inventor to define the terms suitable for the best description.

[0063] Therefore, the configurations proposed in the embodiments of this specification and the drawings only indicate the most preferred embodiments of the present disclosure and do not represent all technical ideas of the present disclosure. Therefore, it should be understood that various equivalents and modifications may be made thereto when submitting this application.

[0064] Figure 1 is a combined three-dimensional diagram of a battery module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, Figure 2 is an exploded perspective view of a battery module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, and Figure 3 is a perspective view of a heat sink of a battery module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0065] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 , a battery module 10 according to the present disclosure may include a plurality of battery cell assemblies 100 , a frame portion 200 accommodating the battery cell assemblies 100 , a heat sink 300 interposed between a pair of the frame portions 200 , and a fixing plate 400 .

[0066] The cell assembly 100 may have one or more battery cells 110 .

[0067] The battery cell 110 may indicate a secondary battery including an electrode assembly, an electrolyte, and a battery case containing the electrolyte and the electrode assembly, and may be configured as a cylindrical secondary battery, a pouch-type secondary battery, or a prismatic secondary battery. Hereinafter, in the present embodiment, the description will be based on the case where the battery cell 110 is a cylindrical secondary battery. These battery cells 110 may be a plurality of cylindrical secondary batteries arranged in a horizontal direction in a vertically upright state.

[0068] A plurality of battery cells 110 may be stacked on each other to configure the cell assembly 100. For example, a plurality of battery cells 110 may be stacked to be arranged in a horizontal direction (Y-axis direction in the drawing) while standing in a vertical direction (Z-axis direction in the drawing).

[0069] A plurality of cell assemblies 100 may be respectively received in a plurality of frame portions 200. That is, one frame portion 200 may receive one cell assembly 100. The frame portion 200 may include a cell frame 210 receiving the cell assembly 100 and a cover member 220 covering the cell frame 210.

[0070] The cell frame 210 may hold and fix the cell assembly 100. The cell frame 210 may have an integrated body having a height sufficient to completely accommodate the battery cell 110. A receiving hole 211 may be formed in the cell frame 210 to completely accommodate the battery cell 110. Although not shown in the figure, a retainer may be further provided in the receiving hole 211 to completely fix the battery cell 110. In this way, the cell assembly 100 may be completely fixed to the cell frame 210. In addition, the cell frame 210 may be configured by assembling two structures. In this case, the cell frame 210 may be configured as a lower cell frame and an upper cell frame assembled with the lower cell frame, which may improve the convenience of assembly compared to the frame portion 200 configured as an integrated body. In addition, the cover member 220 may be provided to cover one surface of the cell frame 210.

[0071] The opposite surface of the cover member 220 in the frame portion 200 may be configured to be opened with the accommodation hole 211 so that the lower end of the battery cell 110 accommodated in the accommodation hole 211 may be exposed.

[0072] In addition, the frame portion 200 may have a PCB board or terminal 230 disposed therein, and a reinforcement plate 240 may be disposed on a side surface thereof.

[0073] Hereinafter, description will be made by referring to a case where a pair of battery cell assemblies 100 and a pair of frame portions 200 corresponding thereto are provided instead of a plurality of battery cell assemblies 100 and a plurality of frame portions 200 .

[0074] Reference Figure 2, with respect to the heat sink 300 arranged in the horizontal direction, one frame portion 200 may be disposed on the upper surface of the heat sink 300 to contact the surface thereof, and the other frame portion 200 may be disposed upside down on the lower surface of the heat sink 300 to contact the surface thereof. In the drawings, the frame portion 200 disposed on the upper surface of the heat sink 300 may have a lower surface opened with the receiving hole 211, so that the lower end of the battery cell 110 of one of the pair of battery cell assemblies 100 received in the receiving hole 211 may be exposed to the lower surface of the frame portion 200. In addition, the frame portion 200 disposed on the lower surface of the heat sink 300 may have an upper surface opened with the receiving hole 211, so that the upper end of the battery cell 110 of the other of the pair of battery cell assemblies 100 received in the receiving hole 211 may be exposed to the upper surface of the frame portion 200.

[0075] Therefore, the cell assembly 100 (ie, the battery cells 110 ) stored therein may be disposed to directly contact the surface of the heat sink 300 , which will be described later.

[0076] The heat sink 300 may be a component for cooling the battery module 10. Figure 1 and Figure 2 , the heat sink 300 may be interposed between the pair of battery cell assemblies 100. The heat sink 300 may be configured so that both surfaces thereof facing the battery cell assemblies 100 have a planar shape. As will be described in detail later, the heat sink 300 may include a pair of cooling plates 310, and the uppermost and lowermost surfaces of the pair of cooling plates 310 may be configured to be flat. Figure 3 The uppermost surfaces of a pair of cooling plates 310 are shown.

[0077] As described above, since both surfaces of the cooling plate 310 are configured in a planar shape, a pair of battery cell assemblies 100 in surface contact with a pair of cooling plates 310 can be cooled. That is, one battery cell assembly 100 disposed on the upper surface of the heat sink 300 and the lower ends of the plurality of battery cells 110 accommodated in the battery cell assembly 100 can be disposed in direct contact with the uppermost surface of the pair of cooling plates 310, and another battery cell assembly 100 disposed on the lower surface of the heat sink 300 can be disposed in direct contact with the lowermost surface of the pair of cooling plates 310.

[0078] Therefore, the temperature difference and thermal resistance difference between the battery cells 110 can be minimized, thereby enabling effective cooling control and ensuring efficient cooling performance. In addition, the number of heat sinks 300 required for a pair of battery cell assemblies 100 can be reduced from conventional two or more to one, which is beneficial for energy density and can reduce the manufacturing cost of the module.

[0079] Reference Figure 2 , the battery module 10 according to the present embodiment may include a fixing plate 400. The fixing plate 400 may fix the pair of frame parts 200 and the heat sink 300 interposed between the pair of frame parts 200. The reinforcing plate 240 may be provided corresponding to the fixing plate 400 on the outer surface of the frame part 200 where the fixing plate 400 is mounted.

[0080] Hereinafter, the double-sided cooling configuration of the heat sink 300 will be described in detail.

[0081] Figure 4 is an exploded perspective view of a heat sink of a battery module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, Figure 5 It is along Figure 3 A cross-sectional view taken along line AA' in FIG. Figure 6 It is along Figure 3 A cross-sectional view taken along line BB' in FIG.

[0082] Reference Figures 4 to 6 as well as Figure 2 and Figure 3 , the heat sink 300 may include: a pair of cooling plates 310 which are spaced apart from each other by a predetermined distance and have a circulation space formed therein to allow a cooling medium to flow therein; a plurality of cooling medium channels 320 through which the cooling medium flows; and a port portion 380 which is provided on one side of the cooling plate 310 to allow the cooling medium to flow in and out therethrough. In the configuration implemented in the present disclosure, the cooling medium may be water, but in addition to water, may also include one or more cooling fluids capable of heat exchange with the surrounding environment.

[0083] Reference Figure 4 and Figure 5 as well as Figure 3 The pair of cooling plates 310 may refer to external members disposed on the upper and lower surfaces of the heat sink 300. The pair of cooling plates 310 may include a first plate 311 and a second plate 312 disposed above the first plate 311 to be spaced apart from the first plate 311 by the thickness of the flow space.

[0084] The first plate 311 and the second plate 312 may have one surface configured in a planar shape. That is, Figure 5 The upper surface of the first plate 311 and the upper surface of the second plate 312 shown in FIG. 3 may be configured to be flat. Therefore, it is modified from a conventional non-planar structure to a planar shape, thereby minimizing the temperature difference and thermal resistance difference between the battery cells 110 when it contacts the lower end surface of the battery cell 110. The edges of the first plate 311 and the second plate 312 may be bonded to form a bonding portion 315. The bonding portion 315 may be manufactured by brazing.

[0085] The first plate 311 and the second plate 312 may be disposed to be spaced a predetermined distance apart from each other to form a circulation space therein for the cooling medium to flow. The circulation space, which will be described in detail later, may be divided into a first circulation space S1 in which the cooling medium introduced through the inlet 381 mainly flows, a second circulation space S2 in which the cooling medium auxiliary flows to the outlet 382, ​​and a transition space S3 (see Fig.11 ).

[0086] Reference Figure 4 and Figure 5 , a plurality of cooling medium channels 320 may be provided in the circulation space. A plurality of cooling medium channels 320 may be provided in the circulation space to form a circulation path of the cooling medium. The plurality of cooling medium channels 320 may include a passage channel 321, a main channel 330 provided in the first circulation space S1 and the second circulation space S2, and a sub-channel 340.

[0087] The passage 321 may be provided in the longitudinal direction at the center of the cooling plate 310, and may configure the main direction of the flow path of the cooling medium. The main channel 330 may be provided substantially uniformly over the entire area of ​​the planar surface of the heat sink 300, and may determine the distribution ratio of the cooling medium flow, which may be related to the heat transfer efficiency. The heat transfer efficiency may vary according to the shape and specifications of the main channel 330.

[0088] In addition, the sub-channel 340 can be provided in the circulation space where the passage channel 321 and the main channel 330 are not provided, thereby ensuring the internal pressure rigidity. That is, when the cooling medium flows through the radiator 300 and changes its internal pressure, the sub-channel can firmly hold the first plate 311 and the second plate 312, thereby minimizing the change in the gap between the first plate 311 and the second plate 312 according to the change in the internal pressure. The plurality of cooling medium channels 320 having such a configuration can improve the cooling performance of the radiator 300 itself, which will be described in detail in the structure of the radiator 300 later.

[0089] Reference Figure 6 The port portion 380 is a portion for the cooling medium to flow into and out of the circulation space of the cooling plate 310. Through the port portion 380, the cooling medium can flow in through one cooling plate 310 of the pair of cooling plates 310 and flow out through the other cooling plate 310. Specifically, the port portion 380 may include an inlet 381 connected to the first plate 311 and communicating with the circulation space, and an outlet 382 connected to the second plate 312 and communicating with the circulation space.

[0090] Port portion 380 can be configured to be in two directions. Figure 4 and Figure 6As shown in , the inlet 381 can be formed on the first plate 311, and the outlet 382 can be provided on the second plate 312, so that the inlet 381 and the outlet 382 are provided on opposite sides in opposite directions. Therefore, the cooling medium filling performance inside the radiator 300 can be improved. Specifically, according to the configuration implemented, the cooling medium flow can be optimized to easily make it completely filled. In addition, since the port portion 380 is provided in two directions, the cooling medium can be easily discharged when repairing the radiator 300, etc.

[0091] As shown in FIG. 6 , a brazing washer 383 may be interposed between the inlet 381 and the cooling plate 310 and between the outlet 382 and the cooling plate 310. The port portion 380 may be fixed to the first plate 311 and the second plate 312 in the heat sink 300 by brazing using the brazing washer 383. For example, Figure 6 As shown in FIG. 3 , a brazing washer 383 may be interposed between the inlet 381 and the first plate 311 and between the outlet 382 and the second plate 312. According to this configuration of the implementation, the brazing bonding between the port portion 380 and the cooling plate 310 may be improved.

[0092] According to the above configuration implemented, since both surfaces of the heat sink 300 are configured in a planar shape to enable double-sided cooling, the temperature difference and thermal resistance difference between the cells can be minimized, and cooling control can be effectively performed, thereby ensuring efficient cooling performance. In addition, since the number of heat sinks 300 required for the battery module 10 can be significantly reduced by utilizing double-sided cooling, it is advantageous for energy density and the manufacturing cost of the module can be reduced.

[0093] In addition, cooling performance may be improved using the plurality of cooling medium channels 320 , and specifically, heat transfer efficiency may be improved by adjusting the size and shape of the main channel 330 .

[0094] Hereinafter, the frame portion 200 of the battery module 10 and the fixing structure of the heat sink 300 interposed between a pair of the frame portions 200 will be described in more detail.

[0095] Figure 7 is a side view of a battery module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, Figure 8 yes Figure 7 A partial enlarged view of Fig. 9 is a diagram illustrating a battery module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, and Fig.10 is a partial cross-sectional view of a battery module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0096] Reference Figure 7 and Figure 8 Together with Figure 2, the battery module 10 according to the present embodiment may include a fixing plate 400 , and the fixing plate 400 may fix the pair of frame portions 200 and the heat sink 300 interposed between the pair of frame portions 200 .

[0097] The fixing plate 400 may have a protruding portion 410 disposed at the center thereof in the longitudinal direction. The protruding portion 410 may provide structural rigidity to the fixing plate 400, and may firmly fix the pair of frame portions 200, thereby improving the structural rigidity of the battery module 10. In addition, the protruding portion 410 may be configured to widen the gap around the frame portion 200 where the radiator 300 is located, thereby preventing contact between the coupling portion 315 of the cooling plate 310 and the fixing plate 400. Therefore, direct contact with the radiator 300 interposed between the pair of frame portions 200 may be prevented, and ventilation of external air may be facilitated. The protruding portion 410 may be advantageous for structural rigidity and cooling.

[0098] Reference Fig. 9 , illustrating a diagram showing only a pair of components on the battery cell assembly 100 in an exploded state Figure 7 As shown in the figure, the frame portion 200 and the battery cell assembly 100 are arranged upside down, so the battery cell 110 can be arranged to be exposed on the lower surface (upper surface in the figure) of the battery cell frame 210, so that the battery cell 110 is in direct contact with the lower surface of the radiator 300.

[0099] Here, refer to Fig.10 , the battery cell 110 may have a joint 111 and a single-end surface 112 at one end thereof. The joint 111 may have a first polarity, and the single-end surface 112 may have a second polarity, and the joint 111 and the single-end surface 112 may be electrically insulated from each other. The first polarity may correspond to the positive electrode of the battery cell 110, and the second polarity may correspond to the negative electrode of the battery cell 110. That is, the joint 111 may be a positive electrode component of the battery cell 110, and the single-end surface 112 may be a negative electrode component of the battery cell 110. The joint 111 may be arranged to protrude from the single-end surface 112. Alternatively, the joint 111 may be configured not to protrude from the single-end surface 112. For example, it may be a so-called joint-free structure in which the joint 111 is arranged on the same plane as the single-end surface 112. In the configuration implemented in the present disclosure, the battery cell 110 may have both a positive electrode and a negative electrode at one end, so as to be electrically connected in one direction.

[0100] In addition, if Fig.10As shown in , since a pair of battery cell assemblies 100 are arranged upside down relative to each other relative to the heat sink 300, the battery cell 110 arranged on the upper surface of the heat sink 300 can have a connector 111, and a single end surface 112 for electrical connection can be set at the top of the battery cell 110, and the battery cell 110 arranged on the lower surface of the heat sink 300 can have a connector 111, and a single end surface 112 for electrical connection can be set at the bottom of the battery cell 110.

[0101] Therefore, the opposite surface of the battery cell 110, which is not provided with the joint 111 for electrical connection and the single end surface 112, can be in direct surface contact with the heat sink 300. As described above, since the two surfaces of the heat sink 300 are configured in a planar shape so that double-sided cooling can be achieved, while obtaining a larger contact area with the battery cell 110, the temperature difference and thermal resistance difference between the cells can be minimized. Therefore, according to the configuration implemented in the present disclosure, cooling control can be effectively performed to ensure efficient cooling performance, and the number of heat sinks 300 required for the battery module 10 can be significantly reduced by using double-sided cooling, which is beneficial for energy density and can reduce the manufacturing cost of the module. In addition, instead of a configuration in which the battery cell 110 and the heat sink 300 are in direct surface contact with each other, the battery cell can be in indirect contact with the heat sink 300, with a thermally conductive material (TIM) such as a thermally conductive adhesive interposed therebetween. Alternatively, a separate lower plate (not shown) can be provided in the frame portion 200, and the battery cell 110 and the heat sink 300 can be in indirect contact using the lower plate.

[0102] In addition, the cooling performance may be improved by utilizing the plurality of cooling medium channels 320 , and specifically, the heat transfer efficiency may be improved by adjusting the arrangement of the passage channels 321 and the specifications and shape of the main channels 330 .

[0103] Hereinafter, the structure of the heat sink 300 , particularly the structure of the plurality of cooling medium channels 320 , will be described in detail.

[0104] Fig.11 is a plan view of removing a top plate from a heat sink of a battery module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, Fig.12 is a partial perspective view illustrating a portion adjacent to a port portion in a radiator of a battery module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, Fig.13 is a partial perspective view illustrating a portion adjacent to a transition space in a heat sink of a battery module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, Fig.14 and Fig.15 yes Figure 5 A partial enlarged view of Fig.16 are a plan view and a cross-sectional view of a sub-channel in a heat sink of a battery module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0105] Reference Fig.11 A plurality of cooling medium channels 320 may be disposed in the circulation space to form a circulation path of the cooling medium. Here, the circulation space may include a first circulation space S1, a second circulation space S2, and a transition space S3.

[0106] The first circulation space S1 may refer to a space in which the cooling medium introduced through the inlet 381 flows in a first direction (-Y axis direction), the first direction being a longitudinal direction of the cooling plate 310. Since the cooling medium flows in the first circulation space S1 immediately after flowing in through the inlet 381, the cooling medium may have a lower temperature to produce an optimal cooling performance, thereby obtaining a higher cooling efficiency.

[0107] The second circulation space S2 may refer to a space where the cooling medium flows in a second direction (+Y-axis direction) opposite to the first direction (-Y-axis direction) and flows out through the outlet 382. Since the cooling medium includes the cooling medium that has completed the heat exchange process in the first circulation space S1, the cooling performance in the second circulation space S2 may be slightly reduced, so that the cooling efficiency or heat transfer efficiency may be relatively low.

[0108] The transition space S3 may be formed on opposite sides of the second flow space S2 and the port portion 380, and may be a space connecting the first flow space S1 and the second flow space S2 to each other. As shown in the figure, the cooling medium introduced through the inlet 381 may flow downward through the first flow space S1, flow leftward through the transition space S3, and then flow upward to be discharged through the outlet 382.

[0109] The cooling medium channel 320 may include a passing channel 321 , a main channel 330 , and a sub-channel 340 provided at a position where the passing channel 321 and the main channel 330 are not provided.

[0110] Reference Figures 11 to 13 , the passage 321 may be provided in the longitudinal direction at the center of the circulation space of the cooling plate 310. The passage 321 may have one end provided adjacent to the port portion 380 and the other end extending to the transition space S3. Therefore, the passage 321 may separate the first circulation space S1 and the second circulation space S2 from each other to minimize the inflow of the cooling medium from the first circulation space S1 to the second circulation space S2 and reduce the re-inflow of the cooling medium from the second circulation space S2 to the first circulation space S1.

[0111] Reference Fig.14The passage 321 can be configured to have an uneven shape in the longitudinal cross-section to have a convex section 322 and a concave section 323, and the convex section 322 can contact the inner wall surface of the second plate 312, and the concave section 323 can contact the inner wall surface of the first plate 311.

[0112] A cutout portion 322a may be formed on the convex section 322 of the passage 321 to allow the cooling medium to flow into the concave section 323. The passage 321 may transfer a portion of the cooling medium introduced through the inlet 381 to the transition space S3.

[0113] More specifically, part of the cooling medium may enter the concave section 323 through the cutout portion 322a formed on the convex section 322 of the passage 321, and flow in the first direction (-Y axis direction) along the longitudinal direction of the passage 321. The cooling medium flowing along the passage 321 may flow directly into the transition space S3 without passing through the first circulation space S1, so that the cooling medium having relatively excellent cooling performance may flow into the second circulation space S2.

[0114] Without the passage 321, the temperature difference that may generally occur in a conventional radiator will become serious depending on the flow of the cooling medium, but in the radiator 300 according to the embodiment of the present disclosure, the passage 321 can be used to improve the cooling performance and cooling efficiency. Specifically, the performance of the cooling medium flowing in the second circulation space S2 (for example, the cooling medium temperature, etc.) can be configured to be substantially similar to the performance of the cooling medium in the first circulation space S1. That is, the cooling medium having the same temperature as or slightly lower than the temperature of the cooling medium at the inlet 381 can flow into the second circulation space S2.

[0115] Reference Fig.12 , Fig.13 and Fig.15 , the main channel 330 may be disposed in most areas of the first circulation space S1 and the second circulation space S2. The main channel 330 may be configured to have an uneven shape in a longitudinal cross section to have a convex section 332 and a concave section 333, and the uneven shape may be sequentially and repeatedly formed. In addition, the convex section 332 may contact the inner wall surface of the second plate 312, and the concave section 333 may contact the inner wall surface of the first plate 311.

[0116] That is, the main channel 330 having an uneven shape may increase the contact area with the cooling medium, thereby improving heat transfer efficiency. As described above, the shape and specification of the main channel 330 may be factors that determine the distribution ratio of the cooling medium flow and may be related to heat transfer efficiency.

[0117] like Figures 11 to 13As shown in , the sub-channel 340 can be set at a position where the passage 321 and the main channel 330 are not set. Fig.16 , the sub-channel 340 may be disposed in the first flow space S1, the second flow space S2, or the transition space S3. The sub-channel 340 may include a recessed plate 341 disposed in surface contact with the first plate 311, a protruding plate 342 protruding from the recessed plate 341 in the thickness direction of the cooling plate 310 and disposed in surface contact with the second plate 312, and a curved surface 343 connecting the recessed plate 341 and the protruding plate 342 to each other.

[0118] The recessed plate 341 may be coupled to and supported by the first plate 311, and the protruding plate 342 may be coupled to and supported by the second plate 312. That is, it may be used as a supporting device to maintain a predetermined gap of the flow space between the first plate 311 and the second plate 312. Therefore, the sub-channel 340 may be a device for ensuring internal pressure rigidity. That is, deformation or distortion of the cooling plate 310 may be minimized by the internal pressure applied to the flow space.

[0119] At least one connection hole 344 may be provided on the curved surface 343 so that the cooling medium flows efficiently. In the present embodiment, a total of two connection holes 344 may be formed such that one connection hole 344 is formed on each of the two side portions of the curved surface 343. Although the sub-channel 340 may act as an obstacle to the flow, the cooling medium may flow through the connection hole 344, thereby facilitating the flow of the cooling medium.

[0120] According to the configuration implemented, since both surfaces of the heat sink 300 are configured in a planar shape to enable double-sided cooling, the temperature difference and thermal resistance difference between the cells can be minimized. In addition, cooling control can be effectively performed to ensure efficient cooling performance, and the number of heat sinks 300 required for the battery module 10 can be significantly reduced by utilizing double-sided cooling, which is beneficial for energy density and can reduce the manufacturing cost of the module.

[0121] In addition, according to the configuration implemented, the cooling performance can be improved by using the plurality of cooling medium channels 320 , and specifically, the heat transfer efficiency can be improved by adjusting the arrangement of the passage channels 321 and the specifications and shape of the main channels 330 .

[0122] Fig.17 and Fig.18 is a diagram schematically illustrating a flow of a cooling medium introduced through an inlet of a radiator of a battery module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0123] In the following, reference will be made to Figures 10 to 18The cooling process of the radiator 300 of the battery module 10 according to the embodiment of the present disclosure is described in more detail.

[0124] Reference Fig.10 , the battery module 10 of the present disclosure may have a heat sink 300 interposed between one battery cell assembly 100 disposed on an upper surface thereof and another battery cell assembly 100 disposed on a lower surface thereof.

[0125] Reference Fig.17 and Fig.18 , the cooling medium can flow in through the inlet 381 and flow into the first flow space S1 through the inlet hole 381a (see Fig.11 ).

[0126] The introduced cooling medium may advance to the first flow space S1 and may flow in the first direction (−Y axis direction) of the first flow space S1 . At this time, the flow of the cooling medium is not blocked because the cooling medium can flow through the connection hole 344 of the subchannel 340 .

[0127] The cooling medium flowing through the first flow space S1 enters the main channel 330 and flows along the main channel 330. During the flow, the convex section 332 and the concave section 333 of the main channel 330 contact each other to perform heat exchange. Fig.15 As shown in , the cooling medium can flow along the space between the convex section 332 and the concave section 333, and directly contact the lower surface of the convex section 332 and the upper surface of the concave section 333 during the flow, thereby performing heat exchange. The flow of the cooling medium moving into the first circulation space S1 is guided only in the first direction. Then, the cooling medium can flow to the transition space S3. The cooling medium that has passed through the main channel 330 in the first circulation space S1 has completed heat exchange, so its cooling efficiency may be relatively reduced.

[0128] Therefore, part of the cooling medium can flow in through the cutout portion 322a formed on the convex section 322 on the passage 321, and flow in the first direction along the concave section 323 of the passage 321. The cooling medium flowing along the passage 321 can flow directly into the transition space S3 without passing through the first circulation space S1. As a result, such cooling medium has not yet performed heat exchange, and its cooling performance can be better than the cooling medium passing through the main channel 330 in the first circulation space S1.

[0129] The cooling medium flowing along the passage 321 and the cooling medium passing through the main passage 330 meet in the transition space S3 to form a Fig.18 The leftward flow shown in .

[0130] The cooling medium flowing into the second circulation space S2 flows in the second direction (Y-axis direction) and passes through the main channel 330. In the main channel 330, heat exchange is performed between the cooling medium and the cooling plate 310 in the same manner as described above, and the cooling medium is finally discharged to the outside through the outlet 382. Fig.18 As shown in , the flow of the cooling medium can be performed in a clockwise direction.

[0131] In addition, the sub-channel 340 provided at a position where the passage channel 321 and the main channel 330 are not provided can ensure internal pressure rigidity. That is, high pressure is applied to the cooling medium so as to form a flow of the cooling medium, thereby generating a high internal pressure inside the cooling plate 310. If there is no sub-channel 340, the predetermined gap formed by the flow space between the first plate 311 and the second plate 312 of the cooling plate 310 will shrink (buckling phenomenon, etc.) or increase, thereby causing the risk of distortion or severe deformation. Therefore, referring to Fig.16 , the recessed plate 341 of the subchannel 340 may be coupled to and supported by the first plate 311, and the protruding plate 342 may be coupled to and supported by the second plate 312. Therefore, the rigidity of the cooling plate 310 against the internal pressure may be ensured in the subchannel 340, so that the cooling plate 310 may be prevented from being deformed or twisted in advance.

[0132] According to one aspect of the present disclosure, since both surfaces of the heat sink 300 are configured in a planar shape to enable double-sided cooling, the temperature difference and thermal resistance difference between the cells can be minimized. In addition, cooling control can be effectively performed to ensure efficient cooling performance, and the number of heat sinks 300 required for the battery module 10 can be significantly reduced by utilizing double-sided cooling, which is beneficial for energy density and can reduce the manufacturing cost of the module.

[0133] In addition, the cooling performance may be improved by using the plurality of cooling medium channels 320 , and specifically, the heat transfer efficiency may be improved by adjusting the arrangement of the passage channels 321 and the specifications and shape of the main channels 330 .

[0134] Fig.19 and Fig. 20 is a diagram illustrating a main channel of a battery module according to another embodiment of the present disclosure, and Fig.21 and Fig. 22 is a diagram illustrating a main channel of a battery module according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0135] Then, reference will be made to Figures 19 to 22 Other embodiments of the battery module 10 in the present disclosure are briefly described.

[0136] The same reference numerals denote the same elements in the previous drawings, and thus a repeated description thereof will be omitted, and the description will be made based on the differences from the above-described embodiment.

[0137] Compared to the above-described embodiments, the battery module 10 according to other embodiments of the present disclosure includes a main channel 350 having a modified shape and structure with respect to the main channel 330 , and does not include a sub-channel 340 .

[0138] Reference Fig.19 and Fig. 20 The main channel 350 of the heat sink 300A according to the present embodiment may include a base plate 351 in surface contact with the first plate 311, a protruding portion 352 protruding from the base plate 351 and having a circular transverse cross-section, and a connecting surface portion 353 connecting the base plate 351 and the protruding portion 352 to each other.

[0139] The substrate 351 may be configured as a flat plate and disposed in surface contact with the first plate 311 .

[0140] The protruding portion 352 may be configured to protrude from the substrate 351 in the thickness direction (Z-axis direction). The protruding height of the protruding portion 352 in the thickness direction may be equal to the flow space (ie, the gap between the first plate 311 and the second plate 312 (see Fig.15 Therefore, the upper surface of the protrusion 352 may be in surface contact with the lower surface of the second plate 312.

[0141] The connecting surface portion 353 can connect the protruding portion 352 and the substrate 351 to each other, and the connecting surface portion 353 can be set to be inclined in one direction. In addition, a pair of through holes 353a can be formed in the connecting surface portion 353. Here, the through hole 353a can be formed in an arc shape. In addition, the protruding portion 352 and the connecting surface portion 353 can be formed by a pressing process for the substrate 351.

[0142] The main channel 350 of this embodiment can be arranged in most areas of the circulation space. Fig.19 As shown in , the main channel 330 may be disposed in the first circulation space S1 and the second circulation space S2. Here, unlike the previous embodiment, the first circulation space S1 and the second circulation space S2 may refer to spaces leading to the end of the first plate 311. In addition, a predetermined area from the top end of the passage 321 to the end of the first plate 311 where the main channel 350 is not disposed may be a transition space S3.

[0143] In the main channel 350 according to the present embodiment, like the previous embodiment, the cooling medium introduced through the inlet 381 can pass through the first circulation space S1, the transition space S3 and the second circulation space S2, and be discharged through the outlet 382, ​​and the heat exchange of the cooling medium can occur using the base plate 351 in contact with the first plate 311 and the protrusion 352 in contact with the second plate 312.

[0144] exist Fig.21 and Fig. 22 2 illustrates a main channel 360 in a battery module 10 according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0145] Reference Fig.21 and Fig. 22 The cooling medium channel 320 of the heat sink 300B according to the present embodiment may include a passage channel 321 arranged in the longitudinal direction at the center of the circulation space of the cooling plate 310 and a main channel 360 arranged in the first circulation space S1, the second circulation space S2 and the transition space S3.

[0146] Reference Fig.21 , the main channel 360 may be disposed in the transition space S3 as well as in the first flow space S1 and the second flow space S2.

[0147] Reference Fig. 22 The main channel 360 may include a base plate 361 in surface contact with the first plate 311 and a plurality of protruding members 362 .

[0148] The substrate 361 may be configured as a flat plate and disposed in surface contact with the first plate 311. The protruding member 362 may be disposed on the substrate 361, and its longitudinal cross section may have an "n" shape. A plurality of protruding members 362 may be disposed in a staggered pattern along the longitudinal direction of the cooling plate 310.

[0149] The cooling medium may perform heat exchange with the first plate 311 and the second plate 312 using the protruding member 362. As described above, the heat transfer efficiency may be improved by adjusting the size and shape of the main channel 360.

[0150] A battery pack according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may include at least one battery module 10 and a battery pack case (not shown) accommodating the at least one battery module 10 .

[0151] Fig.23 is a diagram illustrating a vehicle according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0152] The vehicle V according to the embodiment of the present disclosure may include one or more battery modules 10 or battery packs according to the present disclosure. As an example, the vehicle V according to the embodiment of the present disclosure may be configured to include at least one or more battery packs among the above-mentioned battery packs.

[0153] In addition, in addition to the battery pack, the vehicle V according to the embodiment of the present disclosure may also include various other elements included in the vehicle. For example, in addition to the battery pack according to the embodiment of the present disclosure, the vehicle V according to the embodiment of the present disclosure may also include a body, a motor, and a control device such as an ECU (electronic control unit).

[0154] Furthermore, in addition to the vehicle V, the battery pack according to the embodiment of the present disclosure may be provided in other devices, instruments, and facilities such as an energy storage system using a secondary battery.

[0155] Although terms indicating directions such as up, down, left, right, front, and back are used in this specification, it is obvious to those skilled in the art that these terms are merely for convenience of description and may vary depending on the position of an object or the position of an observer.

[0156] As described above, although the present disclosure has been described with reference to limited embodiments and drawings, the present disclosure is not limited thereto, and various modifications and variations are possible within the scope of equivalents of the claims to be described and the technical ideas of the present disclosure by those skilled in the art.

[0157] Although the description of the present disclosure and the drawings used to illustrate its embodiments may be somewhat exaggerated in order to emphasize or highlight the technical concept of the present disclosure, it will be obvious to those skilled in the art that various types of modifications are possible considering what has been previously described and shown in the drawings.

Claims

1. A battery module, comprising: A plurality of battery cell assemblies, wherein the plurality of battery cell assemblies include a plurality of battery cells; as well as A heat sink is disposed between adjacent battery cell assemblies among the plurality of battery cell assemblies and has a plurality of cooling medium channels through which a cooling medium flows and two surfaces configured in a planar shape to contact surfaces of the battery cell assemblies.

2. The battery module according to claim 1, The battery module further includes a plurality of frame portions configured to accommodate corresponding battery cell assemblies. in, With respect to the radiator disposed in a horizontal direction, one frame portion is disposed on an upper surface of the radiator to surface-contact with the upper surface of the radiator, and another frame portion is invertedly disposed on a lower surface of the radiator to surface-contact with the lower surface of the radiator.

3. The battery module according to claim 2, wherein: The radiator comprises: a pair of cooling plates which are spaced apart from each other by a predetermined distance and in which flow spaces are formed to allow the cooling medium to flow therein; and A port portion is provided on one side of the cooling plate to allow the cooling medium to flow in or out through the port portion.

4. The battery module according to claim 3, wherein: The plurality of cooling medium channels are disposed in the circulation space to form a circulation path for the cooling medium.

5. The battery module according to claim 3, wherein: The uppermost and lowermost surfaces of the pair of cooling plates are configured to be flat.

6. The battery module according to claim 3, wherein: Via the port portion, the cooling medium flows in through one cooling plate of the pair of cooling plates and flows out through the other cooling plate.

7. The battery module according to claim 3, in, The pair of cooling plates comprises: First Board; and a second plate disposed above the first plate to be spaced apart from the first plate by a thickness of the flow space, and Wherein, the port part includes: an inlet connected to the first plate and communicating with the flow space; and An outlet is connected to the second plate and communicates with the flow space.

8. The battery module according to claim 7, wherein: The circulation space includes: a first flow space in which the cooling medium introduced through the inlet flows in a first direction, the first direction being a longitudinal direction of the cooling plate; a second flow space in which the cooling medium flows in a second direction opposite to the first direction and is discharged through the outlet; and A transition space is formed on opposite sides of the port portion and connects the first flow space and the second flow space to each other.

9. The battery module according to claim 8, wherein: The cooling medium channel comprises: a passageway provided in the longitudinal direction of the cooling plate at the center of the circulation space; and A main channel is provided in the first flow space and the second flow space.

10. The battery module according to claim 9, wherein: The passage is configured to separate the first flow space and the second flow space from each other.

11. The battery module according to claim 9, wherein: The passage includes one end disposed adjacent to the port portion and another end extending to the transition space, and The passage transfers a portion of the cooling medium introduced through the inlet to the transition space.

12. The battery module according to claim 9, in, The passage and the main passage are configured to have a non-flat shape in longitudinal cross section to have convex sections and concave sections, wherein the convex section contacts the inner wall surface of the second plate, and Wherein, the concave section is in contact with the inner wall surface of the first plate.

13. The battery module according to claim 12, wherein: A cutout portion is formed on the convex section of the passage to allow the cooling medium to flow into the concave section.

14. The battery module according to claim 12, wherein: The uneven shape is sequentially and repeatedly formed in the main channel.

15. The battery module according to claim 9, wherein: The cooling medium channel further includes a sub-channel, which is disposed in the first flow space, the second flow space, or the transition space and is disposed at a position where the passage channel and the main channel are not disposed.

16. The battery module according to claim 15, wherein: The subchannels include: a recessed plate disposed in contact with the first plate surface; a protruding plate that protrudes from the recessed plate in a thickness direction of the cooling plate and is disposed in surface contact with the second plate; and a curved surface connecting the recessed plate and the protruding plate to each other, and Wherein, a through hole is formed on the curved surface.

17. The battery module according to claim 9, wherein: The main channel comprises: a substrate, the substrate being in contact with the first plate surface; a protruding portion that protrudes from the base plate and has a circular transverse cross-section; and a connecting surface portion configured to connect the substrate and the protruding portion to each other, and Wherein, a pair of through holes in an arc shape are formed on the connection surface portion.

18. The battery module according to claim 8, wherein: The cooling medium channel comprises: a passageway provided in the longitudinal direction of the cooling plate at the center of the circulation space; and a main channel, the main channel being arranged in the first circulation space, the second circulation space and the transition space, and Wherein, the main channel includes: a substrate in contact with the first plate surface; and A plurality of protruding members are disposed on the substrate and have an "n"-shaped longitudinal cross-section.

19. A battery pack comprising the battery module according to any one of claims 1 to 18.

20. A vehicle comprising the battery pack according to claim 19.

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