Composite tobacco smoke filter element material and preparation method thereof
By combining three-dimensional porous carbon materials with carbon aerogel and silica aerogel to construct the composite tobacco smoke filter element material with ABACA structure, the problems of low adsorption efficiency, small adsorption capacity and large gas resistance in the prior art are solved. It achieves the effect of efficient removal of tobacco smoke and improves material flexibility.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411652700.9
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-11-28
- Publication Date
- 2025-02-18
AI Technical Summary
When using tobacco smoke, existing air purification materials have low adsorption efficiency, small adsorption capacity, and large gas resistance, which cannot effectively remove tobacco smoke from the air.
Using composite tobacco smoke filter material, the ABACA structure is constructed by combining three-dimensional porous carbon material with carbon aerogel and silica aerogel, forming large gas channels and microporous gas adsorption channels to enhance the nicotine adsorption site.
The adsorption efficiency and adsorption capacity of the material tobacco smoke are significantly improved, the gas resistance is reduced, and the purpose of efficient removal of tobacco smoke is achieved. At the same time, the flexibility of the material is improved, and the design optimization of the filter element structure is simplified.
Smart Images
Figure CN119453558A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of air purification, and in particular to a composite tobacco smoke filter element material and a preparation method thereof. Background Art
[0002] Tobacco smoke includes second-hand smoke and third-hand smoke. Its main components are nicotine and its derivatives, benzene substances, aldehydes, particulate matter, tar and other components. Long-term exposure to it will have serious adverse effects on the normal life activities of the human body.
[0003] At present, porous materials such as activated carbon and molecular sieves are commonly used to treat tobacco smoke. However, the types, structures, and properties of compounds contained in tobacco smoke vary greatly. Commonly used activated carbon adsorption materials are limited by raw materials and process methods, and have problems such as low adsorption efficiency and small adsorption capacity, and are not suitable for removing tobacco smoke from the air. At the same time, porous materials are mostly granular and fixed with a fixed grid, but have the defects of poor mechanical flexibility and large air resistance, which limits the structural design optimization of the filter element. Summary of the invention
[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a composite tobacco smoke filter element material and a preparation method thereof, so as to solve the problems of low purification efficiency, small adsorption capacity and large gas resistance of air purification materials for tobacco smoke.
[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: The present invention discloses a method for preparing a composite tobacco smoke filter material, which specifically comprises the following steps: Step S1: cutting the three-dimensional porous carbon material into a hollow grid shape, immersing it in an alcohol solution for 1 to 5 minutes, taking it out, and obtaining a modified three-dimensional porous carbon material, which is recorded as A; Step S2: the carbon aerogel, the metal carbonate and the solvent are mixed evenly, and then the benzene-containing polymer and the surfactant are added in sequence, dispersed evenly, and vacuum degassed to obtain slurry No. 1, which is recorded as B; the silica aerogel, the metal carbonate and the solvent are mixed evenly, and then the benzene-containing polymer and the surfactant are added in sequence, dispersed evenly, and vacuum degassed to obtain slurry No. 2, which is recorded as C; Step S3: pouring the grid three-dimensional porous carbon material, slurry No. 1, and slurry No. 2 into a mold having a plurality of columnar protrusions in the middle in the order of ABACA, freeze-drying, and demolding to obtain a precursor; Step S4: subjecting the precursor to high-temperature heat treatment and wind-assisted dust removal to obtain a composite tobacco smoke filter element material.
[0006] Preferably, the three-dimensional porous carbon material in step S1 is one of carbon fiber felt and carbon fiber cloth, and the volume density is 0.2-0.7 g / cm 3 .
[0007] Preferably, the alcohol solution in step S1 is one of ethanol, methanol and ethylene glycol.
[0008] Preferably, the hollow grid shape in step S1 is 5-20 meshes.
[0009] Preferably, in step S2, the metal carbonate is one of sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, calcium carbonate, and magnesium carbonate; the solvent is one of N,N-dimethylformamide and N-methylpyrrolidone; the benzene-containing polymer is one of polyaniline, polystyrene, and polymethylstyrene; and the surfactant is one of polyvinylpyrrolidone, sodium secondary alkyl sulfonate, and sodium fatty acid methyl ester sulfonate.
[0010] Preferably, in step S2, the mass ratio of carbon aerogel, metal carbonate, solvent, benzene-containing polymer, and surfactant in slurry No. 1 is 1: (0.1-0.5): (10-20): (1-2): (0.01-0.03); the mass ratio of carbon aerogel, metal carbonate, solvent, benzene-containing polymer, and surfactant in slurry No. 2 is 1: (0.1-0.3): (30-50): (1-2): (0.01-0.03).
[0011] Preferably, the area of the mold in step S3 is equal to that of the grid three-dimensional porous carbon material in step S1; the number of protrusions is consistent with the number of holes and surface distribution position on the grid three-dimensional porous carbon material in step S1.
[0012] Preferably, in step S3, the initial thickness ratio of the grid three-dimensional porous carbon material, slurry No. 1, and slurry No. 2 is (2-5):1:(1-2).
[0013] Preferably, the high temperature heat treatment method in step S4 is: nitrogen atmosphere, keeping warm at 900-1100° C. for 2-5 hours.
[0014] Preferably, the wind speed of the wind dust removal in step S4 is 2-6 m / s.
[0015] Preferably, in step S4, when the composite tobacco smoke filter material is used, the side closer to the slurry 2 contacts the incoming air first.
[0016] The composite tobacco smoke filter material of the present invention is prepared by adopting the preparation method of the composite tobacco smoke filter material.
[0017] Beneficial effects of the present invention: 1. The present invention prepares two slurries based on carbon aerogel and silica aerogel respectively, combines them with grid three-dimensional porous carbon material, and constructs air flow channels to form a composite tobacco smoke filter element material, which can effectively improve the material's adsorption efficiency and adsorption capacity for tobacco smoke and reduce gas resistance.
[0018] 2. The No. 1 slurry and the No. 2 slurry of the present invention can form large gas channels, microporous gas adsorption channels and increase nicotine adsorption sites during high-temperature heat treatment, which can reduce gas resistance and improve adsorption performance.
[0019] 3. By adopting the ABACA structure, the ultra-large particle size particles in the tobacco smoke are blocked by the A-layer porous carbon material, the large molecular pollutants and most of the nicotine substances in the tobacco smoke are absorbed by the C-layer silica aerogel-based adsorption material, and the small molecular pollutants, benzene substances, and a small part of the nicotine pollutants in the tobacco smoke are further absorbed by the B-layer carbon aerogel-based adsorption material, thereby achieving the purpose of efficiently removing tobacco smoke.
[0020] 4. The composite material prepared by the present invention can effectively improve the flexibility of the material under the action of carbon fiber, and reduce the difficulty of design optimization of the filter element structure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0021] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a method for preparing a composite tobacco smoke filter material of the present invention; Figure 2 A schematic structural diagram of a mold having a plurality of columnar protrusions in the middle of the present invention; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of the composite tobacco smoke filter material in Example 1 of the present invention; Figure 4 Adsorption curves of tobacco smoke by the filter element materials prepared in Example 1 of the present invention and Comparative Example 1. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0022] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention is further described in detail below through the accompanying drawings and embodiments. However, it should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. In addition, in the following description, the description of known structures and technologies is omitted to avoid unnecessary confusion of the concept of the present invention.
[0023] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention discloses a method for preparing a composite tobacco smoke filter material, which specifically comprises the following steps: Step S1: Cut the three-dimensional porous carbon material into a 5-20 mesh hollow grid, immerse it in an alcohol solution for 1-5 minutes, take it out, and obtain a modified three-dimensional porous carbon material, denoted as A; the three-dimensional porous carbon material is one of carbon fiber felt and carbon fiber cloth, and the volume density is 0.2-0.7 g / cm 3 ; The alcohol solution is one of ethanol, methanol and ethylene glycol; Step S2: evenly mix the carbon aerogel, the metal carbonate and the solvent, then sequentially add the benzene-containing polymer and the surfactant, disperse evenly, and vacuum degass to obtain slurry No. 1, which is recorded as B; evenly mix the silica aerogel, the metal carbonate and the solvent, then sequentially add the benzene-containing polymer and the surfactant, disperse evenly, and vacuum degass to obtain slurry No. 2, which is recorded as C; the metal carbonate is one of sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, calcium carbonate and magnesium carbonate; the solvent is one of N,N-dimethylformamide and N-methylpyrrolidone; the benzene-containing polymer is polyaniline, polyphenylene ether ... One of ethylene and polymethylstyrene; the surfactant is one of polyvinyl pyrrolidone, sodium secondary alkyl sulfonate, and sodium fatty acid methyl ester sulfonate; the mass ratio of carbon aerogel, metal carbonate, solvent, benzene-containing polymer, and surfactant in No. 1 slurry is 1: (0.1~0.5): (10~20): (1~2): (0.01~0.03); the mass ratio of carbon aerogel, metal carbonate, solvent, benzene-containing polymer, and surfactant in No. 2 slurry is 1: (0.1~0.3): (30~50): (1~2): (0.01~0.03); Step S3: Pour the grid three-dimensional porous carbon material, slurry No. 1, and slurry No. 2 into a mold with multiple columnar protrusions in the middle in the order of ABACA, freeze-dry, and demould to obtain a precursor; the initial thickness ratio of the grid three-dimensional porous carbon material, slurry No. 1, and slurry No. 2 is (2~5):1:(1~2). Figure 2 As shown, Figure 2 (a), (b), and (c) are respectively the top view, the front view, and the left view of the mold, the area of the mold is equal to the mesh three-dimensional porous carbon material in step S1, and the number of protrusions is consistent with the number of holes and the surface distribution position on the mesh three-dimensional porous carbon material in step S1; Step S4: The precursor is kept at 900-1100° C. for 2-5 hours in a nitrogen atmosphere, and wind dust is removed at a wind speed of 2-6 m / s to obtain a composite tobacco smoke filter element material. When in use, the side closer to the slurry 2 contacts the incoming air first.
[0024] Embodiment 1: This embodiment specifically includes the following steps Step S1: The volume density is 0.2 g / cm 3 The carbon fiber cloth was cut into a 20-mesh hollow grid, immersed in methanol for 1 min, and taken out to obtain a modified three-dimensional porous carbon material, which was recorded as A; Step S2: 1 g of carbon aerogel, 0.3 g of potassium carbonate, and 20 g of N-methylpyrrolidone were mixed evenly, and then 1.5 g of polystyrene and 0.02 g of sodium secondary alkyl sulfonate were added in sequence, dispersed evenly, and vacuum degassed to obtain slurry No. 1, which was recorded as B; 1 g of silica aerogel, 0.3 g of potassium carbonate, and 30 g of N-methylpyrrolidone were mixed evenly, and then 1.5 g of polystyrene and 0.01 g of sodium secondary alkyl sulfonate were added in sequence, dispersed evenly, and vacuum degassed to obtain slurry No. 2, which was recorded as C; Step S3: pouring the grid three-dimensional porous carbon material, slurry No. 1, and slurry No. 2 into a mold having a plurality of columnar protrusions in the middle in the order of ABACA at an initial thickness ratio of 3:1:2, freeze-drying, and demolding to obtain a precursor; Step S4: The precursor is kept at 1100° C. for 2 hours in a nitrogen atmosphere and subjected to wind dust removal at a wind speed of 4 m / s to obtain a composite tobacco smoke filter element material. When in use, the side closer to the slurry 2 contacts the incoming air first.
[0025] like Figure 3 As shown, it is a schematic diagram of the structure of the composite tobacco smoke filter material in this embodiment. It can be seen that the material is composed according to the ABACA structure. When in use, air enters from the side closer to the C layer and exhausts from the side closer to the B layer.
[0026] Embodiment 2: This embodiment specifically includes the following steps Step S1: The volume density is 0.5 g / cm 3 The carbon fiber felt was cut into a 5-mesh hollow grid, immersed in ethanol for 1 min, and taken out to obtain a modified three-dimensional porous carbon material, which was recorded as A; Step S2: 1 g of carbon aerogel, 0.1 g of sodium carbonate, and 10 g of solvent N,N-dimethylformamide were mixed evenly, and then 1 g of polyaniline and 0.01 g of polyvinyl pyrrolidone were added in sequence, dispersed evenly, and vacuum degassed to obtain slurry No. 1, which was recorded as B; 1 g of silica aerogel, 0.1 g of sodium carbonate, and 30 g of N,N-dimethylformamide were mixed evenly, and then 2 g of polyaniline and 0.02 g of polyvinyl pyrrolidone were added in sequence, dispersed evenly, and vacuum degassed to obtain slurry No. 2, which was recorded as C; Step S3: pouring the grid three-dimensional porous carbon material, slurry No. 1, and slurry No. 2 into a mold having a plurality of columnar protrusions in the middle in the order of ABACA at an initial thickness ratio of 2:1:1, freeze-drying, and demolding to obtain a precursor; Step S4: The precursor is placed in a nitrogen atmosphere, kept at 900° C. for 5 hours, and subjected to wind dust removal at a wind speed of 2 m / s to obtain a composite tobacco smoke filter element material. When in use, the side closer to the slurry 2 contacts the incoming air first.
[0027] Embodiment 3: This embodiment specifically includes the following steps Step S1: The volume density is 0.7 g / cm 3 The carbon fiber felt was cut into a 15-mesh hollow grid, immersed in ethylene glycol for 3 min, and taken out to obtain a modified three-dimensional porous carbon material, which was recorded as A. Step S2: 1 g of carbon aerogel, 0.5 g of calcium carbonate, and 15 g of solvent N,N-dimethylformamide were mixed evenly, and then 2 g of polymethylstyrene and 0.03 g of surfactant sodium fatty acid methyl ester sulfonate were added in sequence, dispersed evenly, and vacuum degassed to obtain slurry No. 1, recorded as B; 1 g of silica aerogel, 0.2 g of calcium carbonate, and 50 g of solvent N,N-dimethylformamide were mixed evenly, and then 1 g of polymethylstyrene and 0.03 g of sodium fatty acid methyl ester sulfonate were added in sequence, dispersed evenly, and vacuum degassed to obtain slurry No. 2, recorded as C; Step S3: pouring the grid three-dimensional porous carbon material, slurry No. 1, and slurry No. 2 into a mold having a plurality of columnar protrusions in the middle in the order of ABACA at an initial thickness ratio of 5:1:1.5, freeze-drying, and demolding to obtain a precursor; Step S4: The precursor is placed in a nitrogen atmosphere at 1000° C. for 3 hours, and wind dust is removed at a wind speed of 6 m / s to obtain a composite tobacco smoke filter element material. When in use, the side closer to the slurry 2 contacts the incoming air first.
[0028] Embodiment 4: This embodiment specifically includes the following steps Step S1: The volume density is 0.4 g / cm 3 The carbon fiber felt was cut into a 10-mesh hollow grid, immersed in ethanol for 2 min, and taken out to obtain a modified three-dimensional porous carbon material, denoted as A; Step S2: 1 g of carbon aerogel, 0.2 g of magnesium carbonate, and 10 g of N,N-dimethylformamide were mixed evenly, and then 2 g of polystyrene and 0.02 g of polyvinyl pyrrolidone were added in sequence, dispersed evenly, and vacuum degassed to obtain slurry No. 1, which was recorded as B; 1 g of silica aerogel, 0.1 g of magnesium carbonate, and 30 g of N,N-dimethylformamide were mixed evenly, and then 1 g of polyaniline and 0.01 g of polyvinyl pyrrolidone were added in sequence, dispersed evenly, and vacuum degassed to obtain slurry No. 2, which was recorded as C; Step S3: pouring the grid three-dimensional porous carbon material, slurry No. 1, and slurry No. 2 into a mold having a plurality of columnar protrusions in the middle in the order of ABACA at an initial thickness ratio of 4:1:1.5, freeze-drying, and demolding to obtain a precursor; Step S4: The precursor is placed in a nitrogen atmosphere, kept at 950° C. for 4 hours, and subjected to wind dust removal at a wind speed of 5 m / s to obtain a composite tobacco smoke filter element material. When in use, the side closer to the slurry 2 contacts the incoming air first.
[0029] Comparative Example 1 This comparative example uses commercial activated carbon as a blank adsorption material control.
[0030] Comparative Example 2 The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that step S1 does not cut into a hollow grid shape.
[0031] Comparative Example 3 The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that step S3 uses direct blending of slurry No. 1 and slurry No. 2 and then immersing the grid three-dimensional porous carbon material therein.
[0032] Comparative Example 4 The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that step S4 is not performed.
[0033] Referring to the test method for wood activated carbon in GB / T 12496-1999, tobacco smoke adsorption experiments were carried out on the materials of Examples 1-4 and Comparative Examples 1-4 under the same test conditions to test the adsorption of tobacco smoke by the materials.
[0034] The test results are shown in Table 1:
[0035] From Table 1 and combined Figure 4 It can be seen that compared with Comparative Examples 1-4, the adsorption efficiency and adsorption amount of Examples 1-4 are significantly improved, indicating that the present invention prepares two slurries based on carbon aerogel and silica aerogel, combines them with grid three-dimensional porous carbon materials, and constructs airflow channels to form composite tobacco smoke filter materials, which can effectively improve the adsorption efficiency and adsorption capacity of the material to tobacco smoke and reduce gas resistance; at the same time, slurry No. 1 and slurry No. 2 can form large gas channels, microporous gas adsorption channels and increase nicotine adsorption sites during high-temperature heat treatment, which can take into account both reducing gas resistance and improving adsorption performance; further, by adopting the ABACA structure, the ultra-large particle size particles in the tobacco smoke are blocked by the A-layer porous carbon material, and the macromolecular pollutants and most of the nicotine-like substances in the tobacco smoke are absorbed by the C-layer silica aerogel-based adsorption material, and further the small molecular pollutants, benzene-like substances, and a small part of the nicotine-like pollutants in the tobacco smoke are absorbed by the B-layer carbon aerogel-based adsorption material, thereby achieving the purpose of efficiently removing tobacco smoke. At the same time, under the action of carbon fiber, the flexibility of the material can be effectively improved, reducing the difficulty of design optimization of the filter structure.
[0036] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modification, equivalent substitution or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A method for preparing a composite tobacco smoke filter material, characterized in that: The specific steps include: Step S1: cutting the three-dimensional porous carbon material into a hollow grid shape, immersing it in an alcohol solution for 1 to 5 minutes, taking it out, and obtaining a modified three-dimensional porous carbon material, which is recorded as A; Step S2: the carbon aerogel, the metal carbonate and the solvent are mixed evenly, and then the benzene-containing polymer and the surfactant are added in sequence, dispersed evenly, and vacuum degassed to obtain slurry No. 1, which is recorded as B; the silica aerogel, the metal carbonate and the solvent are mixed evenly, and then the benzene-containing polymer and the surfactant are added in sequence, dispersed evenly, and vacuum degassed to obtain slurry No. 2, which is recorded as C; Step S3: pouring the grid three-dimensional porous carbon material, slurry No. 1, and slurry No. 2 into a mold having a plurality of columnar protrusions in the middle in the order of ABACA, freeze-drying, and demolding to obtain a precursor; Step S4: subjecting the precursor to high-temperature heat treatment and wind-assisted dust removal to obtain a composite tobacco smoke filter element material.
2. The method for preparing a composite tobacco smoke filter material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The three-dimensional porous carbon material in step S1 is one of carbon fiber felt and carbon fiber cloth, and the volume density is 0.2-0.7 g / cm 3 ; The alcohol solution is one of ethanol, methanol, and ethylene glycol; the hollow grid is 5~20 meshes.
3. The method for preparing a composite tobacco smoke filter material according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, the metal carbonate is one of sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, calcium carbonate, and magnesium carbonate; the solvent is one of N,N-dimethylformamide and N-methylpyrrolidone; the benzene-containing polymer is one of polyaniline, polystyrene, and polymethylstyrene; and the surfactant is one of polyvinylpyrrolidone, sodium secondary alkyl sulfonate, and sodium fatty acid methyl ester sulfonate.
4. The method for preparing a composite tobacco smoke filter material according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, the mass ratio of carbon aerogel, metal carbonate, solvent, benzene-containing polymer, and surfactant in slurry No. 1 is 1: (0.1-0.5): (10-20): (1-2): (0.01-0.03); the mass ratio of carbon aerogel, metal carbonate, solvent, benzene-containing polymer, and surfactant in slurry No. 2 is 1: (0.1-0.3): (30-50): (1-2): (0.01-0.03).
5. The method for preparing a composite tobacco smoke filter material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The area of the mold in step S3 is equal to that of the grid three-dimensional porous carbon material in step S1; The number of protrusions is consistent with the number of holes and the surface distribution position on the grid three-dimensional porous carbon material in step S1.
6. The method for preparing a composite tobacco smoke filter material according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, the initial thickness ratio of the grid three-dimensional porous carbon material, slurry No. 1, and slurry No. 2 is (2-5):1:(1-2).
7. The method for preparing a composite tobacco smoke filter material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The high temperature heat treatment method in step S4 is: in a nitrogen atmosphere, keeping warm at 900-1100° C. for 2-5 hours.
8. The method for preparing a composite tobacco smoke filter material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wind speed of the wind dust removal in step S4 is 2-6 m / s.
9. The method for preparing a composite tobacco smoke filter material according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S4, when the composite tobacco smoke filter element material is used, the side closer to the slurry 2 contacts the incoming air first.
10. A composite tobacco smoke filter material, prepared by the method for preparing a composite tobacco smoke filter material according to any one of claims 1 to 9.