Welding fixture and blade wear-resistant layer automatic welding method based on welding fixture

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of aero-engine welding, and particularly relates to a welding clamp and a blade wear-resistant layer automatic welding method based on the welding clamp. The clamp comprises a connecting base, a servo motor is installed on the connecting base, a transmission shaft of the servo motor is fixedly connected with a connecting shaft through a coupler, the end of the connecting shaft is fixedly connected with a clamp assembly, the clamp assembly comprises a clamp body, and the clamp body limits the blade through a limiting block assembly; and the pressing assembly is used for pressing the blade. The method comprises the steps of blade pre-welding processing and reference positioning; detecting the positioning precision of the welding fixture; cleaning the blade before welding; clamping and verifying the blade; checking and verifying a welding program of the welding equipment; automatically welding the blade; carrying out vacuum destressing treatment; slowly grinding and processing; and performing fluorescence inspection. According to the method, the problems of quality stability and cracks caused by manual welding are avoided; by means of the clamp, precise positioning of various types of blades can be achieved, automatic welding can be achieved easily, and the application prospect is wide.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of aviation engine welding, and in particular relates to a welding fixture and an automatic welding method for a blade wear-resistant layer based on the welding fixture. Background Art

[0002] Turbine blades are the power source of aircraft engines, especially in civil aircraft, they are multi-stage and large in quantity. In order to improve the reliability of use, the design adopts a crown interlocking wear-resistant structure, and uses meshing limiting or friction damping to change the frequency of the blades, absorb vibration energy, and play a vibration reduction role. At present, for the automated welding of the wear-resistant layer of turbine blades, arc welding wire feeding technology is adopted, and a special mechanical motion workbench is used to achieve precise welding and forming of the wear-resistant layer. However, in the actual automated welding process, due to the insufficient positioning accuracy of the welding fixture, repeated teaching of the wear-resistant layer welding trajectory occurs, and the accuracy and efficiency of manual teaching are difficult to meet the needs of automated welding, which seriously restricts the mass development and production of turbine blade wear-resistant layer welding. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a welding fixture and an automated welding method for the wear-resistant layer of a blade based on the welding fixture, which can solve the technical problems of inaccurate fixture positioning and repeated teaching, greatly reduce interference from human factors, and avoid quality stability and crack problems caused by manual welding.

[0004] The specific technical solutions are as follows:

[0005] A welding fixture, wherein the fixture comprises a connecting seat, a servo motor is installed on the connecting seat, a transmission shaft of the servo motor is fixedly connected to a connecting shaft through a coupling, an end of the connecting shaft is fixedly connected to a fixture assembly, the fixture assembly comprises a fixture body, and the fixture body limits the blade through a limit block assembly; the limit block assembly comprises a limit block A and a limit block B respectively arranged in the middle of the upper end surface of the fixture body, the limit block assembly also comprises a limit block C, a limit block D, a limit block E and a limit block F arranged on the left and right sides of the fixture body, the limit block C and the limit block D are fixedly arranged on one side of the upper end surface of the fixture body; the limit block E and the limit block F are arranged on the other side of the upper end surface of the fixture body, and are rotatably connected to the side surface of the fixture body; the limit blocks E and F are arranged The positioning block F is connected by a connecting rod and moves synchronously. The clamp assembly also includes a cylinder, which is fixed to the lower end surface of the clamp body through a cylinder base; the cylinder drives the connecting rod, and the connecting rod drives the limit block E and the limit block F to move; the clamp assembly also includes 2 groups of clamping assemblies, each group of clamping assemblies includes a rotary clamping cylinder and a clamping block installed on the top of the rotary clamping cylinder; the rotary clamping cylinder passes through the clamp body to drive the connected clamping block to rotate and clamp the blade; the contact surfaces of the limit block assembly, the clamping assembly and the blade are flat or curved; the limit block B is L-shaped; the clamp assembly also includes an embedded double bearing, which is rotatably connected to the connecting shaft, and the embedded double bearing is fixed to the connecting seat through the embedded double bearing seat.

[0006] An automated welding method for a blade wear-resistant layer based on the above-mentioned welding fixture comprises the following steps:

[0007] Step 1: Blade pre-welding processing and positioning benchmark;

[0008] Step 2: Welding fixture positioning accuracy detection;

[0009] Step 3: Clean the blades before welding;

[0010] Step 4: Blade clamping verification;

[0011] Step 5: Welding procedure inspection and verification of welding equipment;

[0012] Step 6: Automatic welding of blades;

[0013] Step 7: Vacuum stress relief treatment;

[0014] Step 8: Slow feed grinding;

[0015] Step 9: Fluorescence inspection.

[0016] Furthermore, in step 1, the tenon is used as the positioning reference, and the surface to be welded is processed. The tenon is processed to the final size of the design drawing, and the tolerance of the blade body positioning point is not more than 0.02mm, and the tolerance of the blade body positioning point is not more than 0.01mm; in step 2, according to the size and accuracy requirements of the fixture design drawing, the fixture positioning point is three-coordinated detected by a three-coordinate measuring machine, which meets the size accuracy and technical requirements of the fixture design drawing, and the fixture reference tolerance is not more than 0.02mm.

[0017] Furthermore, in step 3, the blades to be welded are cleaned before welding; a 50um grit alumina grinding wheel is used to grind the welding surface and adjacent areas to reveal the metallic luster; the adjacent areas are within 6mm on both sides of the welding surface, and the grinding on both sides is not less than 6mm, and the grinding depth is not more than 0.05mm; then the blades are cleaned using one or more of steam degreasing, anhydrous ethanol, and ultrasonic waves, and no oil stains or foreign matter are allowed to exist, meeting the design requirements.

[0018] Furthermore, in step 4, the blade is clamped to ensure that the tenon and the blade body positioning point are in contact and pressed, and the pressing position is tested with a feeler gauge. A 0.1mm feeler gauge is guaranteed to be unable to be inserted, or a high-precision line laser visual inspection is used to verify whether the clamping accuracy meets the requirements for automated welding of the blade wear-resistant layer.

[0019] Furthermore, in step 5, the arc and the wire feed are at a spatial angle of 38 degrees, and the distance between the front end of the wire feed and the tip of the tungsten electrode when the wire feed is extended between the tungsten electrode and the surface to be welded is 2.0±0.2mm; check whether the wire feed is spheroidized. If the spheroidization diameter is greater than 2 times the wire feed diameter, a cutting process needs to be added, and the extension length needs to be adjusted. The straight wire length should be retracted by 0.5mm relative to the test position.

[0020] Furthermore, in step 6, the motion parameters of the welding equipment are set: Y-axis movement distance 8.5 mm, Y-axis speed 35 mm / min, X-axis swing time 0.5 s, X-axis swing amplitude 2.5 mm, X-axis positive and negative swing dwell time 0.5 s; welding process parameters: DC positive connection, welding current 35 A, rise and fall time 0.2 s, shielding gas flow 15 L / min; wire feeding parameters: wire feeding diameter 1.2 mm, wire feeding speed 120 mm / min, arc closing and retraction time 0.5 s.

[0021] Furthermore, in step 7, the vacuum heat treatment furnace is heated to a working temperature of 760°C ± 10°C, kept warm for 1.5 hours, and then filled with argon gas for cooling.

[0022] Furthermore, in step 8, a special diamond roller is used to perform slow-feed grinding on the welding surface to completely remove the wear-resistant layer alloy of the transition concave R zone between the welding surface and the non-working surface. The transition radius of the transition concave R zone is R0.9mm, and it smoothly transitions with both sides of the welding surface and the non-working surface.

[0023] Furthermore, in step 9, the defects and displays are checked with a post-emulsification 4-level sensitivity to obtain the defect size, number and spacing, and determine whether they are qualified based on the designed threshold.

[0024] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0025] The automated welding method of the present invention avoids the quality stability and crack problems caused by manual welding. Due to the large number and quantity of turbine blades and their long design life, higher requirements are put forward for interchangeability, maintainability and quality reliability. The positioning and clamping of the fixture of the present invention can realize the precise positioning requirements of various types of blades, and is conducive to the realization of automated welding. Therefore, the present invention has higher technical added value, can meet the automated welding requirements of large quantities of military and civilian turbine blades, and has broad application prospects. In addition, the present invention can greatly reduce the interference of human factors, greatly shorten the manual teaching time or even cancel the teaching, the dimensional accuracy and welding quality meet the requirements of relevant design indicators and technical standards, the positioning method has good universality and strong demonstration significance; the present invention can achieve a wear-resistant layer welding positioning accuracy better than 0.1mm, a welding pass rate of more than 95%, and a welding production efficiency of more than 30%. Taking 10 engines as an example, it is estimated that the cost of turbine blades can be directly saved: 10 units × 1029 pieces / unit × 3,000 yuan / piece × (95%-90%) = 3.087 million yuan. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the turbine blade in the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the tenon structure of the turbine blade in the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the blade crown structure of the turbine blade along the P direction in the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the blade body along the A direction in the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the welding fixture in the present invention;

[0031] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the top view of the welding fixture after assembling the turbine blades in the present invention;

[0032] Among them, 1. blade crown; 2. blade body; 3. tenon; 4. tenon bottom surface; 5. tenon first side surface; 6. tenon second side surface; 7. edge plate bottom surface; 8. edge plate upper surface; 9. blade crown first side surface; 10. blade crown second side surface; 11. wear-resistant layer welding surface; 12. blade body positioning point; 13. blade body pressing point; 14. adapter concave R area; 17. coupling; 18. connecting shaft; 21. positioning ball; 22. connecting seat; 23. servo motor; 201. fixture body; 202. limit block A; 203. limit block B; 204. limit block C; 205 limit block D; 206. limit block E; 207. limit block F; 208. connecting rod; 209. cylinder; 211. rotary clamping cylinder; 212. pressing block; 213. embedded double bearing; 214. embedded double bearing seat. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] In order to better explain the present invention, so as to facilitate understanding, the following Figure 1-6 , the technical scheme and effects of the present invention are described in detail through specific implementation methods.

[0034] This embodiment provides a welding fixture for positioning and clamping turbine blades for automated welding. The turbine blades are three-stage turbine working blades, such as Figure 1-Figure 4 As shown, it includes a blade crown 1, a blade body 2 and a tenon 3; the blade crown 1 includes a blade crown first side surface 9, a blade crown second side surface 10, a wear-resistant layer welding surface 11 and a transition concave R area 14, and the tenon 3 includes a tenon bottom surface 4, a tenon first side surface 5, a tenon second side surface 6, an edge plate bottom surface 7 and an edge plate upper surface 8; the blade crown 1 is welded with a wear-resistant layer, which can reduce high-temperature micro-motion wear, reduce the meshing clearance of the blade crown 1 and reduce the influence of vibration stress, so as to improve the reliability of the turbine blade and extend its service life.

[0035] like Figure 5As shown, the welding fixture includes a connecting seat 22, and the connecting seat 22 is installed with a servo motor 23. The transmission shaft of the servo motor 23 is fixedly connected to the connecting shaft 18 through a coupling 17, and the end of the connecting shaft 18 is fixedly connected to a fixture assembly, and the fixture assembly includes a fixture body 201, and the fixture body 201 limits the turbine blade through a limit block assembly; the limit block assembly includes a limit block A202 and a limit block B203 respectively arranged in the middle of the upper end surface of the fixture body 201, and the limit block assembly also includes a limit block C204, a limit block D205, a limit block E206 and a limit block F207 arranged on the left and right sides of the fixture body 201, and the limit block C204 and the limit block D205 are fixedly arranged on one side of the upper end surface of the fixture body 201; the limit block E206 and the limit block F207 are arranged on the other side of the upper end surface of the fixture body 201, and are rotatably connected to the side of the fixture body 201; the limit block The positioning block E206 and the limiting block F207 are connected by a connecting rod 208 and move synchronously. The clamp assembly also includes a cylinder 209, which is fixed to the lower end surface of the clamp body 201 through a cylinder base; the cylinder 209 drives the connecting rod 208, and the connecting rod 208 drives the limiting block E206 and the limiting block F207 to move; the clamp assembly also includes two groups of clamping assemblies, each group of clamping assemblies includes a rotary clamping cylinder 211, which is installed on the The clamping block 212 is at the top of the rotary clamping cylinder 211; the rotary clamping cylinder 211 passes through the clamp body 201 to drive the connected clamping block 212 to rotate and clamp the turbine blade; one group of clamping components first obliquely presses the upper surface 8 of the edge plate of the tenon 3, and while pressing the lower surface 7 of the edge plate, the tenon 3 is subjected to tangential force so that the bottom surface 4 of the tenon is close to each other, and then the other group of clamping components presses the blade body 2 close to the side of the blade crown 1 in a basin-like manner so that the blade body positioning point 12 is close to each other.

[0036] The stop block B203 is L-shaped, including a vertical surface and a bottom surface. The contact end surface of the stop block assembly and the clamping assembly with the turbine blade is a plane or a curved surface.

[0037] The clamp assembly also includes an embedded double bearing 213, which is rotatably connected to the connecting shaft 18, and the embedded double bearing 213 is fixed to the connecting seat 22 through an embedded double bearing seat 214. A positioning ball 21 is provided on the clamp body 201; the contact point between the turbine blade and the clamp is the positioning point. In addition, the contact surface between the limit block assembly, the clamp assembly and the turbine blade is a plane or an arc surface.

[0038] The servo motor 23 of this fixture can be programmed to flip precisely. In addition, this fixture tooling has a reserved quick-change interface, that is, the position of the connecting shaft 18. When it is necessary to weld turbine blades of different models, the fixture assembly that is suitable for its model can be quickly installed on the fixture tooling to achieve precise positioning and automated welding functions. This fixture uses the bottom surface 4 of the tenon to locate and constrain the length direction of the turbine blade. Since the tenon profiles of various turbine blades are composed of planes and arc surfaces, according to their different profiles, the contact end faces of the limit block assembly and the clamping assembly with the turbine blade can be cylindrical surfaces, so as to position and contact with the tenon 3 of the turbine blade; the bottom surface 7 of the edge plate of the tenon 3 is used for positioning, and the upper surface 8 of the edge plate is pressed to locate and constrain the height direction of the turbine blade. The clamping assembly is selected for oblique clamping, and the tangential force direction is in the direction of the bottom surface 4 of the tenon; the small plane of the first side surface 5 of the tenon is used for positioning, and the second side surface of the tenon is used for positioning. 6 is pressed to constrain the circumferential direction to prevent the turbine blades from rotating in the circumferential direction; the blade body positioning point 12 is supported and the pressing component is pressed toward the blade body pressing point 13 to prevent the blade crown 1 from tilting in the height direction due to the excessive length of the turbine blade, and also avoids the positioning deviation caused by the processing error, wherein the blade body positioning point 12 is preferably supported by a cylindrical surface positioning contact support; the blade crown first side surface 9 and the blade crown second side surface 10 non-residue positioning points are used as auxiliary positioning mechanisms to perform auxiliary assembly and limit during the turbine blade assembly fixture process, and are not used as clamping positioning references.

[0039] Reference Figure 6 , the clamping steps of this fixture for turbine blades are:

[0040] 1. First, the side of the fixture body 201 and the positioning ball 21 are used to jointly establish the tooling reference. The side of the fixture body 201 and the positioning ball 21 are first detected by three-coordinates to determine whether their positions and angles meet the dimensions of the fixture design drawing;

[0041] 2. Start positioning and clamping the turbine blade, operate the cylinder 209 to move the limit blocks E206 and F207 away from the fixture body 201, and fit the tenon bottom surface 4 and the first tenon side surface 5 of the turbine blade to the vertical surface of the limit block B203 and the limit block D205 respectively; the edge plate bottom surface 7 fits the bottom surface of the limit block B203; the first side surface 9 of the blade crown of the turbine blade fits the limit block C204; the blade body positioning point 12 fits (or has a gap) with the limit block A202; control the cylinder 209 again, the limit blocks E206 and F207 approach the fixture body 201, so that the limit blocks E206 and F207 respectively fit and press against the second side surface 10 of the blade crown and the second side surface 6 of the tenon; control the rotary clamping cylinder 211, so that the two clamping blocks 212 respectively and sequentially press the upper surface of the edge plate 8 and the blade body clamping point 13.

[0042] An automated welding method for a blade wear-resistant layer based on the above-mentioned welding fixture comprises the following steps:

[0043] Step 1: Pre-welding processing and positioning of turbine blades

[0044] The tenon 3 is used as the positioning reference to process the welding surface; the tenon 3 is processed to the final size of the design drawing, the tolerance of the blade body positioning point 12 is not greater than 0.02mm, and the tolerance of the blade body positioning point 12 is not greater than 0.01mm. Local grinding is allowed to ensure the size and tolerance of the blade body positioning point 12.

[0045] Step 2: Welding fixture positioning accuracy detection

[0046] According to the size and accuracy requirements of the fixture design drawings, the fixture positioning points are tested by a three-coordinate measuring machine, which meets the size accuracy and technical requirements of the fixture design drawings. The fixture base tolerance is not greater than 0.02mm.

[0047] Step 3: Cleaning the turbine blades before welding

[0048] Clean the turbine blades to be welded before welding; use a 50um alumina grinding wheel to grind the welding surface and adjacent areas to reveal the metallic luster; the adjacent areas are within 6mm on both sides of the welding surface, and the grinding on both sides is not less than 6mm, and the grinding depth is not more than 0.05mm. Then steam degreasing and anhydrous ethanol cleaning are performed on the turbine blades, and auxiliary ultrasonic cleaning can also be used. No oil stains or foreign objects are allowed to exist to meet the design requirements.

[0049] Step 4: Turbine blade clamping verification

[0050] Clamp the turbine blade to ensure that the tenon 3 and the blade body positioning point 12 are in contact and pressed tightly, and use a feeler gauge to test the pressing position. A 0.1mm feeler gauge ensures that it cannot be inserted. This step can also use high-precision line laser visual inspection to verify whether the clamping accuracy meets the requirements for automated welding of the turbine blade wear-resistant layer.

[0051] Step 5: TIG welding machine welding procedure inspection and verification

[0052] The spatial angle between the arc and the wire is 38 degrees, and when the front end of the wire is extended between the tungsten electrode and the surface to be welded, the distance between the front end of the wire and the tip of the tungsten electrode is 2.0±0.2mm; check whether the wire is spheroidized. If the spheroidization diameter is greater than 2 times the wire diameter, the cutting process needs to be added, and the extension length needs to be adjusted. The straight wire length should be retracted by 0.5mm relative to the test position.

[0053] Step 6: Automated welding of turbine blades

[0054] Set the argon arc welding machine movement parameters: Y-axis movement distance 8.5mm, Y-axis speed 35mm / min, X-axis swing time 0.5s, X-axis swing amplitude 2.5mm, X-axis positive and negative swing dwell time 0.5s; welding process parameters: DC positive connection, welding current 35A, rise and fall time 0.2s, shielding gas flow 15L / min; wire feeding parameters: wire feeding diameter 1.2mm, wire feeding speed 120mm / min, arc retraction time 0.5s.

[0055] Step 7: Vacuum stress relief

[0056] After welding, the turbine blades are placed in a vacuum heat treatment furnace for stress relief treatment. The vacuum heat treatment furnace is heated to an operating temperature of 760°C±10°C, kept warm for 1.5 hours, and then filled with argon gas for cooling.

[0057] Step 8: Slow-feed grinding

[0058] After stress relief, a special diamond roller with a grinding shape matching the welding surface is used to completely remove the wear-resistant layer alloy of the transition concave R zone 14 between the welding surface and the non-working surface. The transition radius of the transition concave R zone 14 is R0.9mm, and it transitions smoothly with both sides of the welding surface and the non-working surface.

[0059] Step 9: Fluorescence test

[0060] The turbine blades after slow-feed grinding are immersed in fluorescent liquid, and the post-emulsification method is selected with a 4-level sensitivity to check defects and display, obtain the defect size, number and spacing, and determine whether it is qualified based on the design threshold.

Claims

1. Welding fixture, characterized in that, The clamp includes a connecting seat, a servo motor is installed on the connecting seat, the transmission shaft of the servo motor is fixedly connected to the connecting shaft through a coupling, the end of the connecting shaft is fixedly connected to the clamp assembly, the clamp assembly includes a clamp body, and the clamp body limits the blade through a limit block assembly; the limit block assembly includes a limit block A and a limit block B respectively arranged in the middle of the upper end surface of the clamp body, and the limit block assembly also includes a limit block C, a limit block D, a limit block E and a limit block F arranged on the left and right sides of the clamp body, the limit block C and the limit block D are fixedly arranged on one side of the upper end surface of the clamp body; the limit block E and the limit block F are arranged on the other side of the upper end surface of the clamp body, and are rotatably connected to the side of the clamp body; the limit block E and the limit block F Connected by a connecting rod and moving synchronously, the clamp assembly also includes a cylinder, which is fixed to the lower end surface of the clamp body through a cylinder base; the cylinder drives the connecting rod, and the connecting rod drives the limit blocks E and F to move; the clamp assembly also includes 2 groups of clamping assemblies, each group of clamping assemblies includes a rotary clamping cylinder and a clamping block installed on the top of the rotary clamping cylinder; the rotary clamping cylinder passes through the clamp body to drive the connecting clamping block to rotate and clamp the blade; the contact surfaces of the limit block assembly, the clamping assembly and the blade are flat or curved; the limit block B is L-shaped; the clamp assembly also includes an embedded double bearing, which is rotatably connected to the connecting shaft, and the embedded double bearing is fixed to the connecting seat through the embedded double bearing seat.

2. An automated welding method for blade wear-resistant layer based on the welding fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steps include: Step 1: Blade pre-welding processing and positioning benchmark; Step 2: Welding fixture positioning accuracy detection; Step 3: Clean the blades before welding; Step 4: Blade clamping verification; Step 5: Welding procedure inspection and verification of welding equipment; Step 6: Automatic welding of blades; Step 7: Vacuum stress relief treatment; Step 8: Slow feed grinding; Step 9: Fluorescence inspection.

3. The automatic welding method for blade wear-resistant layer based on welding fixture according to claim 2 is characterized in that: In step 1, the tenon is used as the positioning reference to process the surface to be welded, and the tenon is processed to the final size of the design drawing. The tolerance of the blade body positioning point is not more than 0.02mm, and the tolerance of the blade body positioning point is not more than 0.01mm. In step 2, according to the size and accuracy requirements of the fixture design drawing, the three-coordinate measuring machine is used to perform three-coordinate detection on the fixture positioning point, which meets the size accuracy and technical requirements of the fixture design drawing, and the fixture reference tolerance is not more than 0.02mm.

4. The automatic welding method for blade wear-resistant layer based on welding fixture according to claim 2 is characterized in that: In step 3, the blades to be welded are cleaned before welding; the welding surface and adjacent areas are polished with a 50um grit alumina grinding wheel to reveal the metallic luster; the adjacent areas are within 6mm on both sides of the welding surface, and the grinding on both sides is not less than 6mm, and the grinding depth is not more than 0.05mm; then the blades are cleaned with one or more of steam degreasing, anhydrous ethanol, and ultrasonic waves, and no oil stains or foreign matter are allowed to exist, meeting the design requirements.

5. The automatic welding method for blade wear-resistant layer based on welding fixture according to claim 2 is characterized in that: In step 4, clamp the blade to ensure that the tenon and blade body positioning points are in contact and pressed, and use a feeler gauge to test the pressing position. A 0.1mm feeler gauge ensures that it cannot be inserted, or use high-precision line laser vision inspection to verify whether the clamping accuracy meets the requirements for automated welding of the blade wear-resistant layer.

6. The automatic welding method for blade wear-resistant layer based on welding fixture according to claim 2 is characterized in that: In step 5, the arc and wire feed are at a spatial angle of 38 degrees, and the distance between the front end of the wire feed and the tip of the tungsten electrode is 2.0±0.2mm when it is extended between the tungsten electrode and the surface to be welded. Check whether the wire feed is spheroidized. If the spheroidized diameter is greater than 2 times the wire feed diameter, a cutting process needs to be added, and the extension length needs to be adjusted. The straight wire length should be retracted by 0.5mm relative to the test position.

7. The automatic welding method for blade wear-resistant layer based on welding fixture according to claim 2 is characterized in that: In step 6, the motion parameters of the welding equipment are set: Y-axis movement distance 8.5mm, Y-axis speed 35mm / min, X-axis swing time 0.5s, X-axis swing amplitude 2.5mm, X-axis positive and negative swing dwell time 0.5s; welding process parameters: DC positive connection, welding current 35A, rise and fall time 0.2s, shielding gas flow 15L / min; wire feeding parameters: wire feeding diameter 1.2mm, wire feeding speed 120mm / min, arc closing and retraction time 0.5s.

8. The automatic welding method for blade wear-resistant layer based on welding fixture according to claim 2 is characterized in that: In step 7, the vacuum heat treatment furnace is heated to a working temperature of 760°C ± 10°C, kept warm for 1.5 hours, and then filled with argon gas for cooling.

9. The automatic welding method for blade wear-resistant layer based on welding fixture according to claim 2 is characterized in that: In step 8, a special diamond roller is used to perform slow-feed grinding on the welding surface to completely remove the wear-resistant layer alloy in the transition concave R zone between the welding surface and the non-working surface. The transition radius of the transition concave R zone is R0.9mm, and it transitions smoothly with both sides of the welding surface and the non-working surface.

10. The automatic welding method for blade wear-resistant layer based on welding fixture according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step 9, the post-emulsification 4-level sensitivity is used to check defects and display, obtain the defect size, number and spacing, and determine whether it is qualified based on the designed threshold.

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