Tail door assembly tool and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a tail door assembly tool and an assembly method. The technical problem that in the prior art, the assembly precision of a tail door and a vehicle body is poor is solved. The tail door assembly tool comprises an assembly frame, a detection assembly and a first tail door adjusting assembly. The assembly frame is provided with a main assembly positioning pin and an auxiliary tail door positioning pin. The detection assembly comprises a detection sliding rail, a detection sliding block, a detection pin and a displacement sensor, the detection sliding rail is arranged on the assembly frame, the detection sliding block is slidably connected to the detection sliding rail in the width direction of the vehicle body, the detection pin and the displacement sensor are connected to the detection sliding block, and the detection pin is used for being matched with an auxiliary assembly positioning hole of the vehicle body. The displacement sensor is used for detecting the distance between the displacement sensor and a theoretical reference in the width direction of the vehicle body; the first tail door adjusting assembly comprises a main tail door positioning pin used for being matched with a main positioning hole of the tail door, and the main tail door positioning pin can be movably connected to the assembling frame in the width direction of the vehicle body. According to the tail door assembly tool, the tail door assembly precision is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of tailgate assembly, and in particular relates to a tailgate assembly tool and an assembly method. Background Art

[0002] The tailgate of a car is a primary exterior surface and a key part of the vehicle's exterior styling. It matches the taillights, side outer panels, and rear bumper, and has strict requirements on clearance and surface difference, so the tailgate is generally assembled using assembly tooling.

[0003] In the related art, the main positioning holes of the side outer panels or tail lamps are used to locate the position of the assembly tooling, and the tailgate is also positioned by means of pin holes on the assembly tooling, and then the tailgate hinges are tightened to complete the tailgate assembly.

[0004] After the body-in-white and tailgate are assembled by this assembly tool, the accuracy of the two along the width direction of the body is poor. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to improve the assembly accuracy of the body-in-white and the tailgate in the width direction of the body, the present application provides a tailgate assembly tool and an assembly method.

[0006] In a first aspect of the present application, a tailgate assembly tool is provided, comprising:

[0007] An assembly frame is provided with a main assembly positioning pin for cooperating with a main assembly positioning hole of the vehicle body;

[0008] A detection assembly, comprising a detection rail, a detection slider, a detection pin and a displacement sensor, wherein the detection rail is arranged on the assembly frame, the detection slider is slidably connected to the detection rail along the width direction of the vehicle body, the detection pin and the displacement sensor are both connected to the detection slider, the detection pin is used to cooperate with the auxiliary assembly positioning hole of the vehicle body, and the displacement sensor is used to detect the distance between itself and a theoretical reference along the width direction of the vehicle body;

[0009] A first tailgate adjustment assembly includes a main tailgate positioning pin for cooperating with a main positioning hole of the tailgate, wherein the main tailgate positioning pin is movably connected to the assembly frame along a width direction of the vehicle body;

[0010] The second tailgate adjustment component is connected to the assembly frame and is provided with a secondary tailgate positioning pin for inserting into the secondary positioning hole of the tailgate.

[0011] In some embodiments, there are multiple detection components, one of which is a first detection component and the rest are second detection components. The detection pin of the first detection component cooperates with the auxiliary assembly positioning hole of the vehicle body, and the detection pin of the second detection component cooperates with the mounting holes of other parts of the vehicle body. The main tailgate positioning pin can be movably connected to the assembly frame along the height direction of the vehicle body.

[0012] In some embodiments, four second detection components are provided, and the detection pins of the four second detection components are respectively matched with two D-pillar trim mounting holes and two rear bumper bracket mounting holes on the vehicle body.

[0013] In some embodiments, the first tailgate adjustment assembly and / or the second tailgate adjustment assembly both include a transverse adjustment unit, the transverse adjustment unit including a transverse driving member, a transverse threaded rod, a transverse rail and a transverse slider, the transverse threaded rod is drivingly connected to the transverse driving member and is threadedly connected to the transverse slider, the transverse rail is connected to the assembly frame, the transverse slider is slidably connected to the transverse rail, and the main tailgate locating pin and the auxiliary tailgate locating pin are respectively arranged on their respective transverse sliders.

[0014] In some embodiments, when the first tailgate adjustment assembly and the second tailgate adjustment assembly both include a transverse adjustment unit, the first tailgate adjustment assembly and the second tailgate adjustment assembly both include a longitudinal adjustment unit, and the longitudinal adjustment unit includes a longitudinal drive member, a longitudinal threaded rod, a longitudinal slide rail and a longitudinal slider, the longitudinal threaded rod is transmission-connected to the longitudinal drive member and threadedly connected to the longitudinal slider, the longitudinal slide rail is provided on the assembly frame, the longitudinal slider is slidably connected to the longitudinal slide rail, and the transverse rail is connected to the longitudinal slider.

[0015] In some embodiments, a controller is further included, and the controller is electrically connected to the longitudinal drive member, the transverse drive member, and the displacement sensor.

[0016] In some embodiments, the detection assembly further includes two limit plates, the two limit plates are respectively connected to the two ends of the detection slide rail, the displacement sensor is connected to the detection slider, and the limit surface of one of the limit plates constitutes the Y-direction theoretical reference.

[0017] In some embodiments, a clamping mechanism for clamping the tailgate is further included. The clamping mechanism is disposed on the assembly frame and has two clamping members respectively used to clamp the inner side and the outer side of the tailgate.

[0018] In a second aspect of the present application, a tailgate assembly method using the tailgate assembly tool of the first aspect is provided, comprising the following steps:

[0019] Step 1: The main positioning hole of the tailgate is sleeved outside the main tailgate positioning pin of the first tailgate adjustment component, and the secondary positioning hole is sleeved outside the secondary tailgate positioning pin;

[0020] Step 2: insert the main assembly positioning pin of the assembly tool with the tailgate into the main assembly positioning hole of the vehicle body, and adjust the position of the detection slider of the detection assembly so that the detection pin extends into the secondary assembly positioning hole of the vehicle body;

[0021] Step 3: Determine the size of a first distance between the displacement sensor and the theoretical reference along the width direction of the vehicle body and a first target value, and when the first distance is greater than the first target value, adjust the Y-direction position of the main positioning pin of the first tailgate adjustment assembly so that the Y-direction distances between the two sides of the tailgate and the vehicle body are the same;

[0022] Step 4: Assemble the tailgate after adjusting the position to the vehicle body.

[0023] In some embodiments, there are multiple detection components, one of which is a first detection component and the rest are second detection components, the detection pin of the first detection component cooperates with the auxiliary assembly positioning hole of the vehicle body, the detection pin of the second detection component cooperates with the mounting holes of other parts of the vehicle body, and the main tailgate positioning pin is movably connected to the assembly frame along the height direction of the vehicle body, and step 2 and step 3 specifically include:

[0024] Insert the main assembly positioning pin of the assembly tool with the tailgate into the main assembly positioning hole of the vehicle body, and adjust the positions of the detection sliders of the first detection component and the second detection component so that the detection pin of the first detection component extends into the secondary assembly positioning hole of the vehicle body, and the detection pin of the second detection component extends into the corresponding installation hole;

[0025] Determine the size of a first distance between a displacement sensor of the first detection assembly and a corresponding theoretical reference in the vehicle body width direction and a first target value, and when the first distance is greater than the first target value, adjust the Y-direction position of the main positioning pin of the first tailgate adjustment assembly so that the gap between the tailgate and the vehicle body on both sides in the Y direction is close;

[0026] Determine the size of the second spacing between the displacement sensor of the second detection component and the corresponding theoretical reference along the width direction of the vehicle body and the corresponding second target value. When the second spacing is greater than the second target value, adjust the Z-direction position of the main locating pin of the first tailgate adjustment component to make the gap between the tailgate and the vehicle body on both sides in the Y direction close.

[0027] According to the embodiment of the present application, the tailgate assembly tool includes an assembly frame, a detection component and a first tailgate adjustment component.

[0028] The displacement sensor of the detection component can detect the displacement between itself and the theoretical reference along the width direction of the vehicle body, thereby knowing the Y-direction deviation between the actual vehicle body and the theoretical reference, and based on this, determining the adjustment direction and adjustment amount of the tailgate in the Y-direction, and then under the action of the first tailgate adjustment component, the main tailgate locating pin drives the tailgate to adjust the Y-direction position, so that the position of the tailgate matches the actual vehicle body, thereby improving the assembly accuracy of the tailgate and the actual vehicle body. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the tailgate assembly tool, the vehicle body and the tailgate in one or more embodiments of the present application is shown.

[0030] Figure 2 Shows Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the tailgate assembly tool close to the side of the tailgate.

[0031] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of a detection component in one or more embodiments of the present application is shown.

[0032] Figure 4 Shows Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the car body structure.

[0033] Figure 5 Shows Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the tailgate structure.

[0034] Figure 6 A schematic structural diagram of a first tailgate adjustment component or a second tailgate adjustment component in one or more embodiments of the present application is shown.

[0035] Figure 7 A schematic structural diagram of a clamping mechanism in one or more embodiments of the present application is shown.

[0036] Description of reference numerals:

[0037] 1000-tailgate assembly tool, 100-assembly frame, 110-main assembly positioning pin, 120-tightening block, 200-detection component, 210a-first detection component, 210b-second detection component, 211-detection slide rail, 212-detection slider, 213-detection pin, 214-displacement sensor, 215-limiting plate, 216-theoretical reference.

[0038] 300a-first tailgate adjustment assembly, 300b-second tailgate adjustment assembly, 310-lateral adjustment unit, 311-lateral drive member, 313-lateral track, 314-lateral slider, 315-main tailgate locating pin, 316-lateral threaded rod, 320-longitudinal adjustment unit, 321-longitudinal drive member, 322-longitudinal threaded rod, 323-longitudinal slide rail, 324-longitudinal slider.

[0039] 400 - clamping mechanism, 410 - mounting plate, 420 - clamping pliers, 430 - first clamping block, 440 - second clamping block.

[0040] 2000-tailgate, 2001-primary positioning hole, 2002-secondary positioning hole, 3000-body, 3001-D-pillar trim mounting hole, 3002-rear bumper bracket mounting hole, 3003-primary assembly positioning hole, 3004-secondary assembly positioning hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] In order to make the technical personnel in the technical field to which the present application belongs to understand the present application more clearly, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in the field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0042] The X direction refers to the length direction of the vehicle, the Y direction refers to the width direction of the vehicle, and the Z direction refers to the height direction of the vehicle. The vehicle body is bilaterally symmetrical about the symmetry plane extending along the X direction. The body-in-white is provided with main assembly positioning holes and auxiliary assembly positioning holes. Generally speaking, the main assembly positioning holes and the auxiliary assembly positioning holes have the same height and are both square holes. The main assembly positioning pins on the assembly tool cooperate with the main assembly positioning holes to realize the positioning of the assembly tool in the Y and Z directions of the vehicle body. The auxiliary assembly positioning holes are generally also square holes, which cooperate with the auxiliary assembly positioning pins of the tailgate assembly tool to realize the positioning of the assembly tool in the Z direction on the vehicle. The main and auxiliary cooperate, two Z-direction positioning plus one Y-direction positioning, so as to realize the Y and Z-direction positioning of the assembly tool and the body-in-white; then the tailgate is assembled with the vehicle body. However, dimensional deviations may occur during the body manufacturing process, resulting in incomplete matching of the actual body with the theoretical body-in-white. For example, the spacing between the main assembly locating hole and the auxiliary assembly locating hole becomes larger or smaller, while the tailgate and assembly tooling are designed based on theoretical dimensions. Therefore, when the theoretically designed assembly tooling is used to assemble the theoretically designed tailgate onto the actual body with dimensional deviations, there will be a situation where the gap between the two sides of the tailgate along the width direction of the body is inconsistent with the actual body. For example, the gap on the left side is larger and the gap on the right side is smaller, or the gap on the left side is smaller and the gap on the right side is larger, which reduces the assembly accuracy of the tailgate.

[0043] A first embodiment of the present application provides a tailgate assembly tool, which can ensure the assembly accuracy of the tailgate and the vehicle body along the Y direction when the vehicle body cannot reach the theoretical accuracy.

[0044] See also Figure 1 as well as Figure 2 The tailgate assembly tool 1000 includes an assembly frame 100, a detection component 200 and a first tailgate 2000 adjustment component 300a.

[0045] See also Figure 2 as well as Figure 4 The assembly frame 100 is provided with a main assembly positioning hole 3003 (see Figure 5 ) to realize the positioning of the assembly jig 100 in the Y direction and the Z direction. The assembly jig 100 is provided with a secondary tailgate positioning pin for inserting into the secondary positioning hole 2002 of the tailgate 2000 to realize the Z direction positioning of the tailgate 2000. Generally speaking, the dimension of the secondary positioning hole 2002 along the width direction of the vehicle body 3000 is larger than the diameter of the secondary tailgate positioning pin. On the one hand, it is ensured that even if there is a precision deviation, the positioning pin of the secondary tailgate 2000 can still be inserted into the positioning hole of the secondary tailgate 2000. In addition, when the positioning pin 315 of the main tailgate 2000 drives the tailgate 2000 to adjust the Y direction position, the secondary tailgate positioning pin of the assembly jig 1000 can slide in the secondary positioning hole 2002 of the tailgate 2000 along the Y direction to realize the Y direction position adjustment of the entire tailgate 2000.

[0046] See also Figure 3 The detection assembly 200 includes a detection rail 211, a detection slider 212, a detection pin 213 and a displacement sensor 214. The detection rail 211 is arranged on the assembly frame 100. The detection slider 212 is slidably connected to the detection rail 211 along the width direction of the vehicle body 3000. The detection pin 213 and the displacement sensor 214 are both connected to the detection slider 212, so that the detection pin 213 and the displacement sensor 214 can be adjusted relative to the assembly frame 100 in the Y direction. The detection pin 213 is essentially a secondary assembly positioning pin, which is used to cooperate with the secondary assembly positioning hole 3004 of the vehicle body 3000. Please refer to Figure 4The main assembly positioning hole 3003 and the auxiliary assembly positioning hole 3004 of the vehicle body 3000 generally have a certain distance in the width direction of the vehicle body. Since the actual manufactured vehicle body 3000 often deviates from the theoretical value, that is to say, the auxiliary assembly positioning pin and the detection pin 213 are adjustable in the Y direction so that the assembly tool 1000 can be adapted to the vehicle body 3000 with low manufacturing precision. The displacement sensor 214 is used to detect the distance between itself and the theoretical reference 216. In some embodiments, the theoretical reference 216 can be a reference for the design of the entire vehicle, such as the symmetry plane of the theoretical vehicle body 3000, or the left and right boundaries of the theoretical vehicle body 3000. In other embodiments, the theoretical reference 216 can also be a reference for transferring the Y-direction reference of the design of the vehicle body 3000 to the reference on the assembly frame 100, or a reference for transferring the theoretical reference 216 of the design of the vehicle body 3000 to the reference on the detection slide rail 211. Because the displacement sensor 214 can detect the distance between itself and the Y-axis theoretical reference 216, it is equivalent to detecting the distance between the sub-assembly positioning hole 3004 of the actual vehicle body 3000 and the Y-axis theoretical reference 216, thereby determining the Y-axis deviation between the actual vehicle body 3000 and the theoretical vehicle body 3000. According to the Y-axis deviation, the tailgate 2000 is adjusted to improve the assembly accuracy of the tailgate 2000 and the vehicle body 3000 in the Y-axis.

[0047] The first tailgate adjustment assembly 300a is used to realize the Y-direction and Z-direction positioning of the tailgate 2000, and the Y-direction position adjustment of the tailgate 2000. The first tailgate adjustment assembly 300a includes a main positioning hole 2001 (see Figure 5 ) is matched with the main tailgate locating pin 315. Generally speaking, the main locating hole 2001 of the tailgate 2000 is a circular hole. The circular main locating hole 2001 cooperates with the main tailgate locating pin 315 to realize the positioning of the tailgate 2000 in the Y direction and the Z direction of the assembly tool 1000. The main tailgate locating pin 315 can be movably connected to the assembly frame 100 along the width direction of the vehicle body 3000, so the position of the tailgate 2000 in the Y direction of the assembly tool 1000 can be adjusted.

[0048] It can be seen from the above content that the assembly accuracy of the tailgate 2000 and the body 3000 in the Y direction on the assembly tool 1000 can be judged based on the Y-direction spacing detected by the displacement sensor 214, that is, whether the gaps between the first side and the second side of the tailgate 2000 and the body 3000 along the Y direction are the same. If the gaps on both sides are different, the position of the tailgate 2000 along the Y direction can be adjusted by the first tailgate adjustment component 300a, so that the gaps between the first side and the second side and the body 3000 are close or even the same, thereby improving the assembly accuracy of the tailgate 2000 and the body 3000.

[0049] Please continue reading Figure 3, the detection component 200 also includes two limit plates 215, the two limit plates 215 are respectively connected to the two ends of the detection slide rail 211, the displacement sensor 214 is connected to the detection slider 212, and the limit surface of one of the limit plates 215 constitutes the Y-axis theoretical reference 216. The limit plate 215 can limit the detection slider 212 to prevent the detection slider 212 from sliding out of the limit plate 215. At the same time, the limit plate 215 can also serve as the Y-axis theoretical reference 216. The displacement sensor 214 can detect the distance between the limit plate 215 and itself, thereby providing data support for the position adjustment of the tailgate 2000. The limit plate 215 here can be an absolute Y-axis theoretical reference 216, or the Y-axis theoretical reference 216 of the vehicle body 3000 can be transferred to the limit plate 215 for easy measurement. In other embodiments, a reference plate may be provided on the assembly jig 100 as the Y-direction theoretical reference 216, and the position of the reference plate may be the same as the position of the symmetry plane of the theoretical vehicle body 3000, or the same as the boundary position of the theoretical vehicle body 3000 along the Y-direction, so as to determine the Y-direction deviation between the actual vehicle body 3000 and the theoretical vehicle body 3000. In still other embodiments, when the position of the displacement sensor 214 corresponds to the position of the detection pin 213, the detection pin 213 may also be used as the Y-direction theoretical reference 216.

[0050] In some embodiments, the detection component 200 is provided in plurality. Figure 2, one of which is a first detection component 210a, and the rest is a second detection component 210b, the detection pin 213 of the first detection component 210a cooperates with the auxiliary assembly positioning hole 3004 of the body 3000, and the detection pin 213 of the second detection component 210b cooperates with the mounting holes of other parts of the body 3000, the main tailgate positioning pin 315 can be movably connected to the assembly frame 100 along the height direction of the body 3000, and the aperture of the mounting hole is larger than the diameter of the detection pin 213, so that the detection pin 213 can be inserted into the mounting hole. Generally speaking, the main assembly positioning hole 3003 and the auxiliary assembly positioning hole 3004 of the body 3000 are both located in the middle of its height direction, so the displacement sensor 214 of the first detection component 210a can detect the deviation between the middle position of the body 3000 in the height direction and the theoretical value, so as to adjust the position of the tailgate 2000 according to the deviation, so that the gap between the tailgate 2000 and the body 3000 on both sides of the middle position in the height direction is close. The remaining second detection components 210b can be divided into two groups, one group is located on the first side, and the other group is located on the second side. The second detection components 210b on each side are arranged in sequence along the height direction, so that the Y-direction deviation between the position size of other parts of the vehicle body 3000 and the theoretical value can be determined, and then the height of the main tailgate locating pin 315 is adjusted according to the Y-direction deviation, thereby adjusting the posture of the tailgate 2000, so that the gap between the two sides of the tailgate 2000 and the vehicle body 3000 is close or even the same, further improving the assembly accuracy of the tailgate 2000 and the actual vehicle body 3000. In other embodiments, only the first detection component 210a can be set, and the assembly accuracy of the tailgate 2000 and the actual vehicle body 3000 can still be improved.

[0051] In some embodiments, see Figure 2 , the second detection assembly 210b is provided with four, and the detection pins 213 of the four second detection assemblies 210b are respectively matched with the two D-pillar trim mounting holes 3001 and the two rear bumper bracket mounting holes 3002 on the vehicle body 3000, and the existing D-pillar trim mounting holes 3001 and the rear bumper bracket mounting holes 3002 on the vehicle body 3000 are used as objects to detect the Y-direction deviation value between the actual vehicle body 3000 and the theoretical vehicle body 3000. In other embodiments, the second detection assembly 210b can also be provided with two, and the detection pins 213 of the two second detection assemblies 210b are respectively matched with the two D-pillar trim mounting holes 3001, and only the existing D-pillar trim mounting holes 3001 on the vehicle body 3000 are used as objects to detect the Y-direction deviation value between the actual vehicle body 3000 and the theoretical vehicle body 3000. In some other embodiments, the detection pin 213 of the second detection component 210b can also cooperate with the taillight mounting hole to detect the Y-direction deviation value between the actual vehicle body 3000 and the theoretical vehicle body 3000 by taking the taillight mounting hole on the vehicle body 3000 as the object.

[0052] In some embodiments, see Figure 2 The tailgate assembly tool 1000 also includes a second tailgate adjustment component 300b connected to the assembly frame 100. The second tailgate adjustment component 300b and the first tailgate adjustment component 300a are arranged in sequence along the width direction of the vehicle body 3000. The first tailgate adjustment component 300a and the second tailgate adjustment component 300b can both serve as structures for adjusting the position of the tailgate 2000 on the assembly frame 100.

[0053] In some embodiments, see Figure 6 The first tailgate adjustment assembly 300a and / or the second tailgate adjustment assembly 300b both include a transverse adjustment unit 310, the transverse adjustment unit 310 includes a transverse driving member 311, a transverse threaded rod 316, a transverse rail 313 and a transverse slider 314, the transverse threaded rod 316 is connected to the transverse driving member 311 by transmission and is threadedly connected to the transverse slider 314, the transverse rail 313 is connected to the assembly frame 100, the transverse slider 314 is slidably connected to the transverse rail 313, and the main tailgate positioning pin 315 and the auxiliary tailgate positioning pin are respectively arranged on the respective transverse sliders 314. The transverse driving member 311 can be a motor, and its rotation can drive the transverse threaded rod 316 to rotate, thereby driving the transverse slider 314 to move along the transverse slide rail, driving the main tailgate positioning pin 315 and / or the auxiliary tailgate positioning pin to move along the Y direction, thereby realizing the Y-direction position adjustment of the tailgate 2000. In other embodiments, the lateral adjustment unit 310 can also be a telescopic part connected to the assembly frame 100, and the main tailgate locating pin 315 and the auxiliary tailgate locating pin are respectively arranged at the telescopic ends of their respective telescopic parts, and the main tailgate locating pin 315 and / or the auxiliary tailgate locating pin can also be moved along the Y direction, thereby realizing the Y-direction position adjustment of the tailgate 2000.

[0054] In some embodiments, when both the first tailgate adjustment assembly 300a and the second tailgate adjustment assembly 300b include a lateral adjustment unit 310, see Figure 6, the first tailgate adjustment assembly 300a and the second tailgate adjustment assembly 300b both include a longitudinal adjustment unit 320, the longitudinal adjustment unit 320 includes a longitudinal driving member 321, a longitudinal threaded rod 322, a longitudinal slide rail 323 and a longitudinal slider 324, the longitudinal threaded rod 322 is transmission-connected to the longitudinal driving member 321, and is threadedly connected to the longitudinal slider 324, the longitudinal slide rail 323 is provided on the assembly frame 100, the longitudinal slider 324 is slidably connected to the longitudinal slide rail 323, and the transverse track 313 is connected to the longitudinal slider 324. That is to say, the longitudinal adjustment unit 320 is installed on the assembly frame 100, and the longitudinal slider 324 can drive the transverse adjustment unit 310 to rise or fall as a whole, thereby driving the main tailgate positioning pin 315 and / or the auxiliary tailgate positioning pin to move along the Z direction, thereby realizing the Z-direction position adjustment of different positions of the tailgate 2000 along the width direction. Since the positions of the first tailgate adjustment assembly 300a and the second tailgate adjustment assembly 300b are different, the two structures cooperate to realize the left-side raising and right-side lowering of the tailgate 2000, or the left-side lowering and right-side raising of the tailgate 2000, thereby adjusting the posture of the tailgate 2000 to match the actual vehicle body 3000 similar to the parallelogram shape, and improving the assembly accuracy of the tailgate 2000 and the actual vehicle body 3000. In other embodiments, the longitudinal adjustment unit 320 can also be implemented by a longitudinal telescopic member such as a cylinder, the fixed end of the longitudinal telescopic member is assembled on the assembly frame 100, and the telescopic end is connected to the lateral adjustment unit 310, which can also realize the main tailgate positioning pin 315 and / or the auxiliary tailgate positioning pin to move along the Z direction, thereby realizing the Z-direction position adjustment of the tailgate 2000.

[0055] In some embodiments, the tailgate assembly tool 1000 may further include a controller, which is electrically connected to the longitudinal drive member 321, the transverse drive member 311, and the displacement sensor 214 to achieve automatic adjustment of the position and posture of the tailgate 2000. In other embodiments, the longitudinal drive member 321 and the transverse drive member 311 may be manually opened according to the data displayed by the displacement sensor 214 during the assembly process to adjust the position and posture of the tailgate 2000.

[0056] In some embodiments, see Figure 2 The tailgate assembly tool 1000 further includes a clamping mechanism 400, which is used to clamp the tailgate 2000. The clamping mechanism 400 is disposed on the assembly frame 100 and is provided with clamping members for clamping the inner side and the outer side of the tailgate 2000, respectively, so as to achieve the clamping of the tailgate 2000 and the assembly tool 1000 along the X direction. Figure 7The clamping mechanism 400 may further include a mounting plate 410 and a clamping pliers 420. The mounting plate 410 is disposed on the assembly frame 100. The two clamping members are a first clamping block 430 and a second clamping block 440. The fixed end of the clamping pliers 420 and the first clamping block 430 are both mounted on the mounting plate 410. The movable end of the clamping pliers 420 is connected to the second clamping block 440. The second clamping block 440 approaches or moves away from the first clamping block 430 under the action of the clamping pliers 420. When the second clamping block 440 approaches the first clamping block 430, the tailgate 2000 is clamped between the first clamping block 430 and the second clamping block 440. The clamping pliers 420 type clamping mechanism 400 is easy to clamp and remove, and has high working efficiency. The clamping pliers 420 may be manual clamps, and the first clamping block 430 and the second clamping block 440 may be provided with a rubber layer, or the first clamping block 430 and the second clamping block 440 themselves are elastic rubber blocks to avoid hitting the tailgate 2000. In other embodiments, the clamping mechanism 400 may also include a bent arm and a threaded rod, one end of the bent arm is connected to the assembly frame 100, and the other end is provided with a threaded hole, one end of the threaded rod is threadedly connected to the threaded hole, and the other end is connected to one of the clamping members to press against the inner side of the tailgate 2000, and the other clamping member is installed on the assembly frame 100 and presses against the outer side of the tailgate 2000. By rotating the threaded rod, the two clamping members are moved closer or farther from each other, so as to achieve the pressing or separation of the tailgate 2000.

[0057] In some embodiments, see Figure 2 The clamping mechanisms 400 may be provided in plurality, for example, four, two at the top and two at the bottom, or six, two at the top and two at the bottom, one at each side in the width direction of the tailgate 2000. The plurality of clamping mechanisms 400 are spaced apart on the assembly frame 100 to achieve X-direction limited clamping at multiple positions of the tailgate 2000, thereby improving the clamping stability between the tailgate 2000 and the tailgate assembly tooling 1000.

[0058] In some embodiments, the assembly frame 100 is provided with a pressing surface for pressing against the X-direction positioning surface of the vehicle body 3000, so as to realize the X-direction positioning of the assembly tool 1000 and the vehicle body 3000, thereby realizing the X-direction positioning of the tailgate 2000 and the vehicle body 3000. For specific implementation, please refer to Figure 2 A plurality of pressing blocks 120 may be provided on the assembly frame 100 . The pressing blocks 120 are provided with pressing surfaces. The plurality of pressing blocks 120 are distributed at intervals and pressed against the X-direction positioning surface of the body-in-white 3000 .

[0059] Based on the same inventive concept, an embodiment of the second aspect of the present application provides an assembly method of the tailgate assembly tool 1000 using any implementation method of the first aspect.

[0060] The assembly method comprises the following steps:

[0061] Step 1: The main positioning hole 2001 of the tailgate 2000 is sleeved outside the main tailgate positioning pin 315 of the first tailgate adjustment assembly 300a, and the secondary positioning hole 2002 is sleeved outside the secondary tailgate positioning pin, so that the tailgate 2000 and the assembly tool 1000 are positioned in the Y direction and the Z direction;

[0062] Step 2: Extend the main assembly positioning pin 110 of the assembly tool 1000 with the tailgate 2000 into the main assembly positioning hole 3003 of the vehicle body 3000, adjust the position of the detection slider 212 of the detection component 200, so that the detection pin 213 extends into the secondary assembly positioning hole 3004 of the vehicle body 3000, so that the assembly tool 1000 and the vehicle body 3000 are positioned in the Y direction and the Z direction;

[0063] Step 3: Determine the size of the first distance between the displacement sensor 214 and the theoretical reference 216 along the width direction of the vehicle body 3000 and the first target value. If the first distance is greater than the first target value, adjust the Y-direction position of the main positioning pin of the first tailgate adjustment assembly 300a so that the distances between the tailgate 2000 and the vehicle body 3000 on both sides in the Y direction are the same;

[0064] Step 4: Assemble the tailgate 2000 with the adjusted position to the vehicle body 3000.

[0065] In actual operation, after step 1 is completed, the tailgate 2000 may be pre-clamped by the clamping mechanism 400 to prevent the tailgate 2000 from falling off the assembly frame 100. During step 2, the assembly tool 1000 is brought together with the vehicle body 3000 and pressed against the vehicle body 3000 along the X-direction, that is, the pressing block 120 is pressed against the X-direction positioning surface of the vehicle body 3000 to achieve the X-direction positioning of the assembly tool 1000.

[0066] Since the Y-direction spacing between the displacement sensor 214 and the theoretical reference 216 can reflect whether the width of the actual vehicle body 3000 is larger or smaller than the width of the theoretical vehicle body 3000, it is determined whether the tailgate 2000 should be moved to the left or right, and by adjusting the Y-direction position of the tailgate 2000, the spacing between the tailgate 2000 and both sides of the width direction of the actual vehicle body 3000 is close or even the same. The size of the first target value can be determined according to the assembly accuracy requirements of the tailgate 2000 and the vehicle body 3000 and the selection of the theoretical reference 216, and this application does not limit it.

[0067] In some embodiments, a plurality of detection components 200 are provided, among which one is a first detection component 210a, and the rest are second detection components 210b, the detection pin 213 of the first detection component 210a cooperates with the auxiliary assembly positioning hole 3004 of the vehicle body 3000, and the detection pin 213 of the second detection component 210b cooperates with the mounting holes of other parts of the vehicle body 3000, and the main tailgate positioning pin 315 can be movably connected to the assembly frame 100 along the height direction of the vehicle body 3000, and step 2 and step 3 specifically include:

[0068] The main assembly positioning pin 110 of the assembly tool 1000 with the tailgate 2000 is extended into the main assembly positioning hole 3003 of the vehicle body 3000, and the positions of the detection sliders 212 of the first detection component 210a and the second detection component 210b are adjusted so that the detection pin 213 of the first detection component 210a is extended into the secondary assembly positioning hole 3004 of the vehicle body 3000, and the detection pin 213 of the second detection component 210b is extended into the corresponding installation hole;

[0069] Determine the size of a first distance between the displacement sensor 214 of the first detection assembly 210a and the corresponding theoretical reference 216 along the width direction of the vehicle body 3000 and a first target value, and when the first distance is greater than the first target value, adjust the Y-direction position of the main positioning pin of the first tailgate adjustment assembly 300a so that the gap between the tailgate 2000Y and the vehicle body 3000 is close to each other;

[0070] Determine the second spacing between the displacement sensor 214 of the second detection component 210b and the corresponding theoretical reference 216 along the width direction of the vehicle body 3000 and the size of the corresponding second target value. When the second spacing is greater than the second target value, adjust the Z-direction position of the main positioning pin of the first tailgate adjustment component 300a to make the gap between the tailgate 2000Y and the vehicle body 3000 on both sides.

[0071] When the tailgate assembly tool 1000 can detect the Y-direction deviation of the actual vehicle body 3000 and the theoretical vehicle body 3000 at multiple positions from top to bottom of the vehicle body 3000, the Y-direction deviation value at the top, the Y-direction deviation value in the middle, and the Y-direction deviation value at the bottom of the actual vehicle body 3000 may be different. For example, when observed from the rear of the vehicle, the contour of the actual vehicle body 3000 presents a parallelogram relative to the theoretical vehicle body 3000, or the contour of the actual vehicle body 3000 presents a regular trapezoid, an inverted trapezoid, a right-angled trapezoid, etc. relative to the theoretical vehicle body 3000. At this time, the Y-direction position of the tailgate 2000 can be adjusted preferentially, that is, step 3.1. Then, the posture of the tailgate 2000 is adjusted according to the deviations above and below the actual vehicle body 3000, for example, by opening the longitudinal drive member 321 of the first tailgate adjustment assembly 300a, the main tailgate positioning pin 315 is raised, thereby driving the main tailgate positioning pin 315 of the tailgate 2000 to rotate and rise around the secondary tailgate positioning pin, so that the tailgate 2000 also presents a shape that matches or is close to the actual vehicle body 3000, which corresponds to step 3.2. The method of first adjusting the tailgate 2000 in the Z direction and then rotating to adjust the posture simplifies the adjustment steps and ensures the matching accuracy between the actual vehicle body 3000 and the tailgate 2000 after adjustment.

[0072] The following introduces the adjustment process of the tailgate 2000 based on the first spacing and the second spacing for three situations of the actual vehicle body 3000.

[0073] The first case: the actual vehicle body 3000 is rectangular or isosceles trapezoidal, and the spacing between the main assembly positioning hole 3003 and the auxiliary assembly positioning hole 3004 of the actual vehicle body 3000 is greater than the theoretical spacing, that is, the actual vehicle body 3000 is wider than the theoretical vehicle body 3000. During assembly, the tailgate 2000 may be biased to the left relative to the actual vehicle body 3000. Then, by adjusting the Y position of the tailgate 2000, the tailgate 2000 is placed in the middle of the vehicle body 3000, and the distances between the two sides of the tailgate 2000 and the boundaries of the vehicle body 3000 are the same.

[0074] The second situation: the actual vehicle body 3000 is in the shape of a parallelogram. The data from the multiple displacement sensors 214 can be used to determine that the actual vehicle body 3000 is in the shape of a parallelogram relative to the theoretical vehicle body 3000. At this time, the Y position of the tailgate 2000 is adjusted according to the first spacing, and then the main tailgate positioning pin 315 is raised, and / or the auxiliary tailgate positioning pin is lowered, so that the tailgate 2000 is slightly rotated to match the parallelogram-shaped actual vehicle body 3000.

[0075] The third case: the actual vehicle body 3000 presents a right-angle trapezoid. First, the Y position of the tailgate 2000 is adjusted according to the first spacing, and then the main tailgate positioning pin 315 is raised and / or the auxiliary tailgate positioning pin is lowered, wherein the upper right corner position is adjusted by 1 mm more.

[0076] In the fourth case, the actual vehicle body 3000 presents a quasi-inverted direct trapezoid. First, the Y position of the tailgate 2000 is adjusted according to the first spacing, and then the main tailgate positioning pin 315 is raised, and / or the auxiliary tailgate positioning pin is lowered, wherein the lower right corner position is adjusted by 1 mm more.

[0077] It should be noted that when the transverse driving member 311 and the longitudinal driving member 321 in the assembly tool 1000 are in the initial state, the positions of the main tailgate locating pin 315 and the auxiliary tailgate locating pin are completely corresponding to the positions of the theoretical vehicle body 3000 and the theoretical tailgate 2000.

[0078] The tailgate assembly tool 1000 and assembly method provided in the present application are provided with a first detection component 210a, and the detection pin of the first detection component 210a is used as a sub-assembly positioning pin. The position of the boundary of the actual vehicle body close to the sub-assembly positioning pin side relative to the boundary of the theoretical vehicle body is determined by the measurement data of the displacement sensor of the first detection component 210a, thereby determining the deviation of the tailgate 2000 in the width direction relative to the actual vehicle body. When the deviation is too large, the tailgate 2000 is adjusted in the left and right directions by the first tailgate adjustment component 300a, so that the tailgate 2000 matches the actual vehicle body, realizing self-adaptive assembly of the tailgate 2000 and the actual vehicle body 3000, improving the assembly accuracy of the tailgate 2000 and the vehicle body 3000, and at the same time, real-time feedback of the accuracy data of the actual vehicle body 3000 is provided, providing data support for the debugging of the vehicle body 3000 production line, saving subsequent rework time, and greatly improving production efficiency.

[0079] By setting a plurality of second detection components 210b, the positions of the upper and lower boundaries of the actual vehicle body relative to the theoretical vehicle body boundaries are determined, thereby determining the width deviation of the tailgate 2000 relative to the upper and lower sides of the actual vehicle body. When the deviation is too large, the tailgate 2000 is adjusted up and down by the first tailgate adjustment component 300a and / or the second tailgate adjustment component 300b, so that the tailgate 2000 matches the actual vehicle body, thereby achieving self-adaptive assembly of the tailgate 2000 and the actual vehicle body 3000 and improving the assembly accuracy of the tailgate 2000 and the vehicle body 3000.

[0080] In the present application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may include that the first and second features are in direct contact, or may include that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact through another feature between them. Moreover, a first feature being "above", "above" and "above" a second feature includes that the first feature is directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below", "below" and "below" a second feature includes that the first feature is directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0081] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise" and "counterclockwise" indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0082] In this application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "connection", "fixation", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "fixation" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0083] In addition, the descriptions of "first", "second", etc. in this application are only for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more features. In the description of this application, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0084] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will appreciate that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present application, and that the scope of the present application is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A tailgate assembly tool, characterized in that: include: An assembly frame is provided with a main assembly positioning pin for cooperating with a main assembly positioning hole of the vehicle body and a secondary tailgate positioning pin for inserting into a secondary positioning hole of the tailgate; A detection assembly, comprising a detection rail, a detection slider, a detection pin and a displacement sensor, wherein the detection rail is arranged on the assembly frame, the detection slider is slidably connected to the detection rail along the width direction of the vehicle body, the detection pin and the displacement sensor are both connected to the detection slider, the detection pin is used to cooperate with the auxiliary assembly positioning hole of the vehicle body, and the displacement sensor is used to detect the distance between itself and a theoretical reference along the width direction of the vehicle body; The first tailgate adjustment assembly comprises a main tailgate positioning pin for cooperating with the main positioning hole of the tailgate, and the main tailgate positioning pin is movably connected to the assembly frame along the width direction of the vehicle body.

2. The tailgate assembly tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are multiple detection components, one of which is a first detection component and the rest are second detection components. The detection pin of the first detection component cooperates with the auxiliary assembly positioning hole of the vehicle body, and the detection pin of the second detection component cooperates with the mounting holes of other parts of the vehicle body. The main tailgate positioning pin can be movably connected to the assembly frame along the height direction of the vehicle body.

3. The tailgate assembly tool according to claim 2, characterized in that: There are four second detection components, and the four detection pins of the second detection components are respectively matched with two D-pillar trim mounting holes and two rear bumper bracket mounting holes on the vehicle body.

4. The tailgate assembly tool according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: It also includes a second tailgate adjustment component connected to the assembly frame, the first tailgate adjustment component and / or the second tailgate adjustment component both include a transverse adjustment unit, the transverse adjustment unit includes a transverse driving member, a transverse threaded rod, a transverse rail and a transverse slider, the transverse threaded rod is drivingly connected to the transverse driving member and threadedly connected to the transverse slider, the transverse rail is connected to the assembly frame, the transverse slider is slidably connected to the transverse rail, and the main tailgate locating pin and the auxiliary tailgate locating pin are respectively arranged on their respective transverse sliders.

5. The tailgate assembly tool according to claim 4, characterized in that: In the case where both the first tailgate adjustment assembly and the second tailgate adjustment assembly include a transverse adjustment unit, both the first tailgate adjustment assembly and the second tailgate adjustment assembly include a longitudinal adjustment unit, and the longitudinal adjustment unit includes a longitudinal driving member, a longitudinal threaded rod, a longitudinal slide rail and a longitudinal slider, the longitudinal threaded rod is drivingly connected to the longitudinal driving member and is threadedly connected to the longitudinal slider, the longitudinal slide rail is provided on the assembly frame, the longitudinal slider is slidably connected to the longitudinal slide rail, and the transverse rail is connected to the longitudinal slider.

6. The tailgate assembly tool according to claim 5, characterized in that: It also includes a controller, which is electrically connected to the longitudinal drive member, the transverse drive member and the displacement sensor.

7. The tailgate assembly tool according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The detection assembly also includes two limit plates, which are respectively connected to the two ends of the detection slide rail, and the displacement sensor is connected to the detection slide block, wherein a limit surface of one of the limit plates constitutes the theoretical reference.

8. The tailgate assembly tool according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The invention also comprises a clamping mechanism for clamping the tailgate, wherein the clamping mechanism is arranged on the assembly frame and is provided with two clamping members for clamping the inner side surface and the outer side surface of the tailgate respectively.

9. A tailgate assembly method using the tailgate assembly tool according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The steps include: Step 1: The main positioning hole of the tailgate is sleeved outside the main tailgate positioning pin of the first tailgate adjustment component, and the secondary positioning hole is sleeved outside the secondary tailgate positioning pin; Step 2: insert the main assembly positioning pin of the assembly tool with the tailgate into the main assembly positioning hole of the vehicle body, and adjust the position of the detection slider of the detection assembly so that the detection pin extends into the secondary assembly positioning hole of the vehicle body; Step 3: Determine the size of a first distance between the displacement sensor and the theoretical reference along the width direction of the vehicle body and a first target value, and when the first distance is greater than the first target value, adjust the Y-direction position of the main positioning pin of the first tailgate adjustment assembly so that the Y-direction distances between the two sides of the tailgate and the vehicle body are the same; Step 4: Assemble the tailgate after adjusting the position to the vehicle body.

10. The tailgate assembly method of the tailgate assembly tool according to claim 9, characterized in that: In the case where there are multiple detection assemblies, one of the multiple detection assemblies is a first detection assembly, and the rest are second detection assemblies, the detection pin of the first detection assembly cooperates with the auxiliary assembly positioning hole of the vehicle body, the detection pin of the second detection assembly cooperates with the mounting holes of other parts of the vehicle body, and the main tailgate positioning pin is movably connected to the assembly frame along the height direction of the vehicle body, step 2 and step 3 specifically include: Insert the main assembly positioning pin of the assembly tool with the tailgate into the main assembly positioning hole of the vehicle body, and adjust the positions of the detection sliders of the first detection component and the second detection component so that the detection pin of the first detection component extends into the secondary assembly positioning hole of the vehicle body, and the detection pin of the second detection component extends into the corresponding installation hole; Determine the size of a first distance between a displacement sensor of the first detection assembly and a corresponding theoretical reference in the vehicle body width direction and a first target value, and when the first distance is greater than the first target value, adjust the Y-direction position of the main positioning pin of the first tailgate adjustment assembly so that the gap between the tailgate and the vehicle body on both sides in the Y direction is close; Determine the size of the second spacing between the displacement sensor of the second detection component and the corresponding theoretical reference along the width direction of the vehicle body and the corresponding second target value. When the second spacing is greater than the second target value, adjust the Z-direction position of the main locating pin of the first tailgate adjustment component to make the gap between the tailgate and the vehicle body on both sides in the Y direction close.

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