Double-wheel suspension with adjustable wheel tread and vehicle applying suspension

Abstract

The invention relates to a wheel track adjustable double-wheel suspension and a vehicle using the same, belongs to the technical field of vehicle chassis, and particularly relates to the technical field of balanced suspension control. The double-wheel suspension is connected with two wheels through a multi-connecting-rod mechanism according to the set wheel distance, double-wheel bearing and suspension mechanism linkage are achieved, double shock absorbers deform in a coordinated mode, and the ground adaptability and the transverse stability of the vehicle are improved. The transverse double-wheel balanced suspension is provided, the vehicle wheel track is dynamically adjustable, and the transverse double-wheel balanced suspension has the advantages of being light in self weight, good in damping and guiding buffering effect and high in transverse stability and is applied to balanced suspension systems of various multipurpose automobiles, and a new method is provided for vehicle design.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a double-wheel suspension with adjustable wheelbase and a vehicle using the suspension, belonging to the technical field of vehicle chassis, and particularly to a balanced suspension control technology. Background Art

[0002] The balance suspension originated from three-axle and four-axle off-road trucks, so that when the car is driving on uneven roads, each wheel has adhesion and the vertical load of the middle and rear axle wheels is evenly distributed; the working principle of the balance suspension is to adjust the stiffness and damping of the suspension system so that the vehicle can better resist the movement of roll, pitch and roll during driving; after the lightweight design of the balance suspension, it has the characteristics of light weight, good shock absorption and guiding buffering effect, and high stability, and is used in the balance suspension system of various multi-purpose vehicles. The main advantage of the balance suspension is to improve the vehicle's handling performance and safety performance, so as to improve the stability of the vehicle when driving at high speed.

[0003] Compared with independent suspension, integral bridge is a transverse double-wheel balanced suspension determined by the wheelbase. The wheels on both sides bear the load, and through the elastic deformation movement of the torsion bar and the coordinated deformation of the shock absorbing systems on both sides, the vehicle can withstand greater lateral external forces and resist the instantaneous centrifugal force of curves. The vehicle has good lateral stability, good strength and simple structure, which can improve the vehicle's road adaptability and curve driving speed. For narrow and light vehicles with a small wheelbase, the transverse double-wheel balanced suspension is beneficial to improving the vehicle's lateral stability and preventing the vehicle from rolling over. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a double-wheel suspension with adjustable wheelbase and a vehicle using the suspension. The double-wheel suspension connects two wheels according to a set wheelbase, the double wheels are loaded, the suspension mechanism is linked, and the double shock absorbers are deformed in a coordinated manner. The vehicle wheelbase is dynamically adjustable to improve the wheel group load performance and the vehicle lateral stability performance.

[0005] The technical solutions adopted to achieve the purpose of the present invention include: The wheelbase adjustable double-wheel suspension comprises: a vehicle body (10) is provided with a support shaft (101) perpendicular to the transverse vertical plane of the vehicle body and a linear guide rail (102) perpendicular to the horizontal plane of the vehicle body, the axis of the support shaft (101) is located in the middle vertical plane of the vehicle body, the support shaft (101) of the vehicle body is respectively rotatably connected to one end of two tie rods (11) and a connection point O, the other ends of the two equal-length tie rods (11) are respectively rotatably connected to one end of two cross beams (14) and two connection points A and A', and the two cross beams (14) are arranged in opposite directions; two swing rods (12) are arranged in an X-shaped staggered manner, the midpoints of the two equal-length swing rods (12) are respectively rotatably connected to the support shaft (101), the lower ends of the two swing rods (12) are respectively rotatably connected to one end of two rocker arms (13) and two connection points D and D', the other ends of the two equal-length rocker arms (13) are respectively rotatably connected to the two cross beams (14) and two connection points B and B', The upper ends of the two swing arms (12) are respectively rotatably connected to one end of the two shock absorbers (16), the two connection points E and E', the other ends of the two identical shock absorbers (16) are respectively rotatably connected to the two cross beams (14), the two connection points C and C' are respectively located on the extension lines AB and A'B' of the cross beams, the rotation axes at the rotation connection points are parallel to each other and perpendicular to the transverse vertical plane of the vehicle body, forming a motion chain with the same relative motion plane, the relative motion plane is parallel to the transverse vertical plane of the vehicle body; in the same relative motion plane, the geometric conditions are satisfied: DB=D'B'=AB=A'B', AO=A'O=2DB, DE'=ED'=4DB, EC=E'C'=4DB, AC=A'C'=4DB; the other ends of the two equal-length cross beams (14) are respectively rotatably connected to the two wheels (15), the rotation axes of the two wheels (15) are perpendicular to the median vertical plane of the vehicle body; The wheelbase control method of the two wheels is as follows: the slider (17) is movably connected to the linear guide rail (102) of the vehicle body, one end of the two connecting rods (18) is respectively rotatably connected to the slider (17), the two connecting points F and F' are symmetrical about the middle vertical plane of the vehicle body, the other ends of the two equal-length connecting rods (18) are respectively rotatably connected to the two cross beams (14), the two connecting points G and G' are symmetrical about the middle vertical plane of the vehicle body, and the rotation axis at each rotation connection point is perpendicular to the cross vertical plane of the vehicle body; the slider (17) moves along the linear guide rail (102) and the displacement h, the wheelbase of the two wheels (15) changes, the wheelbase S=f(h), the slider (17) is limited to move along the linear guide rail (102), and the wheelbase S of the two wheels (15) is fixed; the wheel (15) rotates relative to the cross beam (14), the vehicle travels, the two wheels (15) are loaded, the suspension mechanism is linked, and the double shock absorbers (16) are deformed in a coordinated manner, so as to form a double-wheel suspension with adjustable wheelbase.

[0006] In the above-mentioned adjustable wheel track two-wheel suspension, the movement of the slider along the linear guide is driven and controlled by the hydraulic cylinder, which is suitable for general medium-load vehicles; the movement of the slider along the linear guide is driven and controlled by the electric push rod or electric cylinder, which is suitable for light-load vehicles.

[0007] A vehicle, comprising: the above-mentioned double-wheel suspension with adjustable wheelbase; Among them, a four-wheel vehicle includes: two sets of adjustable wheelbase double-wheel suspensions with the same structure and performance parameters are arranged front and rear according to a given vehicle wheelbase, the two sets of adjustable wheelbase double-wheel suspensions share the same body and have the same body mid-vertical plane, the four wheels are independently driven and differentially steered; the front and rear wheelbases of the vehicle chassis are dynamically adjustable, the four wheels are loaded, the suspension mechanism is linked, the double shock absorbers are deformed in a coordinated manner, the wheel group has good load-bearing capacity and lateral stability, and the vehicle's ground adaptability and cornering speed can be improved.

[0008] Among them, a three-wheeled vehicle includes: a group of rear-mounted double-wheel suspensions with adjustable wheelbase, a single wheel placed in front according to a given wheelbase on the same body, sharing the same mid-vertical plane of the body, front-wheel steering, dual rear-wheel drive, two rear wheels bearing, suspension mechanism linkage, and coordinated deformation of dual shock absorbers; the vehicle wheelbase is dynamically adjustable, and when driving with a larger wheelbase, the vehicle has good lateral stability and good anti-rollover performance when driving on curves; when parking, it is adjusted to the minimum wheelbase to save the vehicle's footprint.

[0009] The beneficial effects of the present invention are that the proposed two-wheel suspension with adjustable wheelbase and the vehicle using the suspension provide a transverse two-wheel balanced suspension, which improves the ground adaptability and lateral stability of the vehicle through double-wheel load-bearing, suspension mechanism linkage, and coordinated deformation of double shock absorbers; the vehicle wheelbase is dynamically adjustable and is applied to the balanced suspension system of various multi-purpose vehicles, providing a new method for vehicle design. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0010] Figure 1 The schematic diagram of the mechanism of the double-wheel suspension with adjustable wheelbase is shown below; Figure 2 This is the schematic diagram of the dual-wheel suspension with adjustable wheelbase; Figure 3 This is the schematic diagram of the wheelbase adjustment of the double wheel suspension; Figure 4 It is the minimum wheelbase position diagram of the two-wheel suspension; Figure 5 It is the maximum wheelbase position diagram of the two-wheel suspension; Figure 6 It is the principle diagram of coordinated deformation of the dual-wheel suspension shock absorber; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of a four-wheel vehicle; Figure 8 The present invention is a schematic diagram of the composition of a three-wheel vehicle; In the figure: 10 - vehicle body, 101 - supporting shaft, 102 - linear guide rail, 11 - tie rod, 12 - rocker arm, 13 - rocker arm, 14 - crossbeam, 15 - wheel, 16 - shock absorber, 17 - slider, 18 - connecting rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0011] The embodiments of the present invention are described below according to the accompanying drawings: Figure 1 The schematic diagram of the mechanism of the double-wheel suspension with adjustable wheelbase is shown. The double-wheel suspension with adjustable wheelbase comprises: a support shaft (101) perpendicular to the horizontal plane of the vehicle body and a linear guide rail (102) perpendicular to the horizontal plane of the vehicle body are arranged on the vehicle body (10), the axis of the support shaft (101) is located in the middle vertical plane of the vehicle body, the support shaft (101) of the vehicle body is rotatably connected to one end of two tie rods (11) at a connection point O, and the other ends of the two tie rods (11) of equal length are respectively connected to two cross beams. One end of the two rocker arms (14) is rotatably connected to the two connection points A and A', and the two cross beams (14) are arranged in opposite directions; the two rocker arms (12) are arranged in an X-shaped staggered manner, the midpoints of the two equal-length rocker arms (12) are respectively rotatably connected to the support shaft (101), the lower ends of the two rocker arms (12) are respectively rotatably connected to one end of the two rocker arms (13) and two connection points D and D', and the other ends of the two equal-length rocker arms (13) are respectively rotatably connected to the two cross beams (14) and two connection points B, B', the upper ends of the two swing arms (12) are respectively rotatably connected to one end of the two shock absorbers (16), the two connection points E and E', the other ends of the two identical shock absorbers (16) are respectively rotatably connected to the two cross beams (14), the two connection points C and C' are respectively located on the extension lines AB and A'B' of the cross beams, the rotation axes at the rotation connection points are parallel to each other and perpendicular to the transverse vertical plane of the vehicle body, forming a motion chain with the same relative motion plane, and the relative motion plane is parallel to the transverse vertical plane of the vehicle body; in the same relative motion plane, the geometric conditions are satisfied: DB=D'B'=AB=A'B', AO=A'O=2DB, DE'=ED'=4DB, EC=E'C'=4DB, AC=A'C'=4DB; the other ends of the two equal-length cross beams (14) are respectively rotatably connected to the two wheels (15), the rotation axes of the two wheels (15) are perpendicular to the mid-vertical plane of the vehicle body, and the rotation axes of the two wheels coincide; The wheelbase control method of the two wheels is as follows: the slider (17) is movably connected to the linear guide rail (102) of the vehicle body, one end of the two connecting rods (18) is respectively rotatably connected to the slider (17), the two connection points F and F' are symmetrical about the middle vertical plane of the vehicle body, the other ends of the two equal-length connecting rods (18) are respectively rotatably connected to the two crossbeams (14), the two connection points G and G' are symmetrical about the middle vertical plane of the vehicle body, and the rotation axis at each rotation connection point is perpendicular to the horizontal vertical plane of the vehicle body; the slider (17) moves along the linear guide rail (102) and the displacement is h, the wheelbase of the two wheels (15) changes, the wheelbase S=f(h), as shown in FIG. Figure 3 As shown; when h=h1, the wheelbase of the two wheels S=S1, which is the minimum wheelbase of the vehicle, as shown Figure 4 As shown; when h=h2, the wheelbase of the two wheels S=S2, which is the maximum wheelbase of the vehicle, as shown Figure 5 As shown; the slider (17) is limited to move along the linear guide rail (102), the wheel width S of the two wheels (15) is fixed, the wheel (15) rotates relative to the crossbeam (14), the vehicle is running, the two wheels (15) are loaded, the suspension mechanism is linked, and the double shock absorbers (16) are deformed in coordination to form a double-wheel suspension with adjustable wheel width, such as Figure 2 As shown, the dual-wheel suspension with adjustable track width is symmetrical about the center vertical plane of the vehicle body.

[0012] In the above-mentioned wheelbase adjustable two-wheel suspension, the movement of the slider along the linear guide is driven and controlled by a hydraulic cylinder, the cylinder end is rotationally connected to the vehicle body (10), and the piston rod output end is rotationally connected to the slider (17), which is suitable for general medium-load vehicles; the movement of the slider along the linear guide is driven and controlled by an electric push rod or an electric cylinder, the body is rotationally connected to the vehicle body (10), and the push rod or cylinder rod output end is rotationally connected to the slider (17), which is suitable for light-load vehicles.

[0013] Figure 6 The schematic diagram of the coordinated deformation principle of the dual-wheel suspension shock absorber is shown. The principle of the coordinated deformation of the dual shock absorber is as follows: when the vehicle is running, the slider (17) is limited to move along the linear guide rail (102), that is, when the given displacement is h, the wheelbase of the two wheels (15) is fixed to S, and the height of the vehicle body from the ground is H. Assuming that the force on the road surface of the P-side wheel changes and the wheel rises by ΔH, the compression shock absorber CE is deformed by Δp. At this time, the P-side crossbeam moves in a plane parallel to the horizontal vertical plane of the vehicle body, the suspension mechanism transmits the motion, the quadrilateral kinematic chains AGFO and ABDO are deformed, DE' rotates around point O, and the other shock absorber C'E' produces a deformation Δq. The deformations Δp and Δq of the two shock absorbers jointly balance the external force, and the dual shock absorbers are deformed in a coordinated manner to maintain the lateral stability of the vehicle.

[0014] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the composition of a four-wheel vehicle is shown, in which: the xy plane is the horizontal plane of the vehicle body, the yz plane is the lateral vertical plane of the vehicle body, and the xz plane is the median vertical plane of the vehicle body; a four-wheel vehicle comprises: two sets of adjustable wheelbase double-wheel suspensions with the same structure and performance parameters are arranged front and rear according to a given vehicle wheelbase, the two sets of adjustable wheelbase double-wheel suspensions share the same vehicle body and have the same median vertical plane of the vehicle body, and the four wheels are independently driven by hub motors and differentially steered; the front and rear wheelbases of the vehicle chassis are dynamically adjustable, and during the wheelbase adjustment process, the rotation axes of the two front wheels always coincide, and the rotation axes of the two rear wheels always coincide; the four wheels are load-bearing, the suspension mechanism is linked, and the double shock absorbers are deformed in a coordinated manner, the wheel group has good load-bearing capacity and lateral stability, and can improve the vehicle's ground adaptability and cornering speed.

[0015] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the composition of a three-wheeled vehicle is shown, in which: the xy plane is the horizontal plane of the vehicle body, the yz plane is the lateral vertical plane of the vehicle body, and the xz plane is the mid-vertical plane of the vehicle body; a three-wheeled vehicle comprises: a set of rear-mounted double-wheel suspensions with adjustable wheelbase, a front wheel connected to the same vehicle body through a steering spindle and a U-shaped steering knuckle and two front shock absorbers according to a given wheelbase, sharing the same mid-vertical plane of the vehicle body, a single front wheel steering, and double rear wheels independently driven by wheel hub motors, two rear wheels bearing, suspension mechanism linkage, and double shock absorbers coordinated deformation; the vehicle wheelbase is dynamically adjustable, and during the wheelbase adjustment process, the rotation axes of the two rear wheels always coincide, and when driving with a larger wheelbase, the vehicle has good lateral stability and good anti-rollover performance when driving on a curve; when parking, it is adjusted to the minimum wheelbase to save the vehicle's footprint.

Claims

1. The wheelbase adjustable double wheel suspension is characterized by: include: The vehicle body is provided with a supporting shaft perpendicular to the transverse vertical plane of the vehicle body and a linear guide rail perpendicular to the horizontal plane of the vehicle body. The axis of the supporting shaft is located in the middle vertical plane of the vehicle body. The supporting shaft of the vehicle body is rotatably connected to one end of the two tie rods and the connection point O respectively. The other ends of the two equal-length tie rods are rotatably connected to one end of the two cross beams and the two connection points A and A' respectively. The two cross beams are arranged in opposite directions. The two swing rods are arranged in an X-shaped staggered manner. The midpoints of the two equal-length swing rods are rotatably connected to the supporting shaft respectively. The lower ends of the two swing rods are rotatably connected to one end of the two rocker arms and the two connection points D and D' respectively. The other ends of the two equal-length rocker arms are rotatably connected to the two cross beams and the two connection points B and B' respectively. The upper ends of the two swing rods are rotatably connected to one end of the two shock absorbers and the two connection points E, E', the other ends of the two identical shock absorbers are rotatably connected to the two beams respectively, and the two connection points C and C' are respectively located on the extension lines AB and A'B' of the beams. The rotation axes at the rotation connection points are parallel to each other and perpendicular to the horizontal vertical plane of the vehicle body, forming a motion chain with the same relative motion plane, and the relative motion plane is parallel to the horizontal vertical plane of the vehicle body; in the same relative motion plane, the geometric conditions are satisfied: DB=D'B'=AB=A'B', AO=A'O=2DB, DE'=ED'=4DB, EC=E'C'=4DB, AC=A'C'=4DB; the other ends of the two equal-length beams are rotatably connected to the two wheels respectively, and the rotation axes of the two wheels are perpendicular to the median vertical plane of the vehicle body; The slider is movably connected to the linear guide rail of the vehicle body, one end of the two connecting rods is rotationally connected to the sliders respectively, and the two connection points are symmetrical about the median vertical plane of the vehicle body, the other ends of the two equal-length connecting rods are rotationally connected to the two crossbeams respectively, and the two connection points are symmetrical about the median vertical plane of the vehicle body, and the rotation axis at each rotation connection point is perpendicular to the transverse vertical plane of the vehicle body; when the slider moves along the linear guide rail, the wheelbase of the two wheels changes, which limits the movement of the slider along the linear guide rail and the wheelbase of the two wheels is determined, the wheels rotate relative to the crossbeam, the vehicle travels, the two wheels are loaded, the suspension mechanism is linked, and the double shock absorbers deform in a coordinated manner.

2. The double-wheel suspension with adjustable wheelbase according to claim 1, characterized in that: The movement of the sliding block along the linear guide rail is driven and controlled by a hydraulic cylinder.

3. The double-wheel suspension with adjustable wheelbase according to claim 1, characterized in that: The movement of the slide block along the linear guide rail is driven and controlled by an electric push rod or an electric cylinder.

4. A vehicle, characterized in that: include: The double wheel suspension with adjustable wheelbase according to claim 1.

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